Journal: Arthropod structure & development

1. Biotremology: Vibrational communication of Psylloidea

Author:: Yi-Chang Liao; Diana M. Percy; Man-Miao Yang
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.66 pp. 101138
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Psyllidae; arthropods; males; phylogeny; stridulation; thorax; wings
Abstract:: ... Psyllids perform duetting via vibrational signals between genders that are important in pre-copulation species specific recognition. To date, vibrational behavior has been recorded in more than 100 species of psyllid, which is still only a small fraction of the ∼4000 described species. In this overview, we categorize the duet behavior into (1) reciprocal duets, (2) engaged duets, (3) three-way due ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101138
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101138

2. Characterization of preimaginal developmental stages of two cryptic South African species of the Merodon planifacies complex (Diptera: Syrphidae: Eristalinae: Merodontini), with differentiation through morphometry analysis

Author:: Andrea Aracil; Jelena Ačanski; Celeste Pérez-Bañón; Branko Šikoparija; Marija Miličić; Andrés Campoy; Snezana Radenković; Ante Vujić; Predrag Radišić; Santos Rojo
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101187
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Merodon; Merwilla plumbea; adults; arthropods; cryptic species; digestive system; host plants; integument; larvae; morphometry; pollen; South Africa
Abstract:: ... Merodon capi Vujić et Radenković, 2020 and Merodon roni Radenković et Vujić, 2020 are two cryptic species belonging to the Merodon planifacies Bezzi, 1915 species complex that have recently been described, with the differences between them being revealed by molecular and geometric morphometry studies of adult specimens. In the present study, the preimaginal morphology of both species is described ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101187
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101187

3. Comparative morphology of antennal ultrastructure in Tachinidae parasitoid flies (Diptera): The phylogenetic importance of antennal sensilla

Author:: Silvio S. Nihei; Genting Liu; Qike Wang; Xianui Liu; Xinyu Li; Xiunan Pang; Deivys Alvarez-Garcia; Dong Zhang
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.71 pp. 101202
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Bromus; Voria ruralis; Winthemia; arthropods; biological pest control; evolutionary adaptation; parasitoids; phylogeny; sensilla; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... Tachinidae are one of the most diverse clades of Diptera. All tachinids are parasitoids of insects and other arthropods, and thus are considered an important source of biological pest control. Antennae are the most important olfactory organs of Tachinidae playing key roles in their lives, especially in locating hosts, and details of antennal ultrastructure could provide useful features for phyloge ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101202
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101202

4. Distal leg structures of Zoraptera – did the loss of adhesive devices curb the chance of diversification?

Author:: Yoko Matsumura; Sheila P. Lima; José A. Rafael; Josenir T. Câmara; Rolf G. Beutel; Stanislav N. Gorb
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.68 pp. 101164
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Zoraptera; arthropods; bark; microhabitats
Abstract:: ... The distal leg structures of Zoraptera are documented and discussed with respect to their functional morphology and evolutionary aspects. We investigated eight species using scanning electron microscopy. We analyzed material compositions of the tarsus in three representative species using confocal laser scanning microscopy. When possible, we included both sexes, wing morphs, and nymphs and compare ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101164
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101164

5. Do the different life history strategies of ants and honeybees determine fat body morphology?

Author:: Łukasz Wójcik; Magdalena Chęć; Patrycja Skowronek; Marcin Grabowski; Kamil Persona; Aneta Strachecka
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.69 pp. 101186
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Apis mellifera mellifera; Cretaceous period; Formica; arthropods; fat body; heart; life history; physiology
Abstract:: ... The separation of two sister groups such as ants and bees in the Cretaceous involved the development of distinctive characteristics to occupy separate ecological niches. From the point of view of biology and ecology, it is important to see how different life history strategies affect the physiology of these insects. The fat body is the most metabolically important tissue in the organism of each in ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101186
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101186

6. Effect of vibrational mating disruption on flight activity and oviposition to control the grapevine pest, Scaphoideustitanus

Author:: Valentina Zaffaroni-Caorsi; Rachele Nieri; Nicola M. Pugno; Valerio Mazzoni
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.69 pp. 101173
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Scaphoideus titanus; Vitis; arthropods; females; greenhouses; insect communication; oviposition; pests; phytoplasmal diseases
Abstract:: ... The increasing demand for safe and sustainably produced food is leading to the development of strategies of pest control alternative to chemicals. One innovative method is Vibrational Mating Disruption (VMD) to disrupt insect communication in plants. VMD was proven effective in preventing mating of the grapevine pest Scaphoideus titanus, vector of flavescence dorée. However, the stress induced by ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101173
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101173

7. Evolutionary morphology of coxal musculature in Pseudoscorpiones (Arachnida)

Author:: Hanna Michalski; Danilo Harms; Jens Runge; Christian S. Wirkner
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.69 pp. 101165
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Pseudoscorpiones; Scorpiones; Solifugae; arthropods; evolution; micro-computed tomography
Abstract:: ... Pseudoscorpions are an ancient and globally distributed lineage of arachnids with more than 4000 species. Despite being present in virtually all terrestrial habitats, their morphology and anatomy has rarely been studied to date, which hampers homology statements both within and between other arachnid orders. All pseudoscorpions share a morphological peculiarity, the fixation of the coxae of all th ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101165
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101165

8. Exploration of the homology among the muscles associated with the female genitalia of the three suborders of Psocodea (Insecta)

Author:: Zixin Cheng; Kazunori Yoshizawa
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.66 pp. 101141
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Psocodea; arthropods; female genitalia; insects; monophyly; muscles; ovipositor
Abstract:: ... By using μCT technology, we reconstructed 3D models of the female genital structures and associated muscles of seven species from three suborders of Psocodea (free-living species only, formerly known as independent insect order “Psocoptera”). The homology of the female genital structures and associated muscles of different species is discussed. A total of 21 muscle groups were observed, and except ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101141
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101141

9. Histology and ultrastructure of glands associated with the sting apparatus of the swarm-founding wasp Protopolybia exigua (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae)

Author:: Marjorie da Silva; Fernando Barbosa Noll; Johan Billen
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.68 pp. 101166
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Vespidae; arthropods; epithelium; histology; light microscopy; lubrication; reproduction; sting apparatus; ultrastructure; venoms; wasps
Abstract:: ... Social insects present a great diversity of exocrine glands, which are linked to fundamental roles of social life, and their morphological characterization represents the first step toward the knowledge of their function. We here describe the exocrine glands present in the sting apparatus of queens and workers of the wasp Protopolybia exigua. Histological analysis of serial sections under light mi ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101166
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101166

10. Impacts of development and adult sex on brain cell numbers in the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

Author:: Meghan Barrett; R. Keating Godfrey; Emily J. Sterner; Edward A. Waddell
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101174
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Hermetia illucens; Hymenoptera; adults; arthropods; body size; brain; females; fractionation; immunohistochemistry; insects; isotropy; larvae; males; sexual dimorphism; ventral nerve cord
Abstract:: ... The Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens, Diptera: Stratiomyidae) has been introduced across the globe, with numerous industry applications predicated on its tremendous growth during the larval stage. However, basic research on H. illucens biology (for example, studies of their central nervous system) are lacking. Despite their small brain volumes, insects are capable of complex behaviors; underst ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101174
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101174

11. Innervation of the southern green stink bug [Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)] stylet bundle

Author:: Jesus F. Esquivel; Robert E. Droleskey; Roger B. Harvey
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.66 pp. 101135
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Nezara viridula; arthropods; cotton; ingestion; innervation; light microscopy; mechanics; stylets; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:: ... The southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), continues to threaten high-value cash crops, including cotton. Earlier reports confirmed ingestion and transmission of disease-causing pathogens of cotton, including elucidation of the dimensions for the food and salivary canals of the southern green stink bug stylet bundle. During this earlier work, innervation of the s ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101135
CHORUS:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101135
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101135

12. Larval and adult digestive tract of the carrion beetle Oxelytrum discicolle (Brullé, 1840) (Coleoptera: Silphidae)

Author:: Alessandra Santana Batista Toni; Verônica Saraiva Fialho; Jamile Fernanda Silva Cossolin; José Eduardo Serrão
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 pp. 101213
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Silphidae; adults; ancestry; arthropods; cecum; dead animals; digestion; digestive tract; epithelium; foregut; forensic entomology; hindgut; instars; larvae; medicine; midgut; necrophagy; South America
Abstract:: ... Oxelytrum discicolle is a necrophagous beetle occurring in Central and South America, with potential use in forensic entomology for investigations in the context of legal medicine. The present work aimed to describe the morphology of the digestive tract of larvae and adults and contribute to the knowledge about the digestion associated with necrophagy. In the three larval instars, the foregut is s ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101213
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101213

13. Like parent, like child – Ontogenetic development of claws of intertidal arthropods (Acari, Oribatida) from different ecological niches

Author:: Tobias Pfingstl; Michaela Kerschbaumer
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.67 pp. 101143
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Sarcoptiformes; adults; arthropods; body size; children; claws; geometry; immatures; instars; juveniles; littoral zone; morphometry; ontogeny
Abstract:: ... The shape of claws of adult air-breathing intertidal oribatid mites shows a strong correlation with ecology. As nothing is known about juvenile characteristics of this trait, the ontogenetic development of these attachment devices was studied for the first time with comprehensive geometric morphometric methods. In nine investigated species, claws of immature stages can be classified into the same ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101143
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101143

14. Low radiodensity μCT scans to reveal detailed morphology of the termite leg and its subgenual organ

Author:: Travers M. Sansom; Sebastian Oberst; Adrian Richter; Joseph C.S. Lai; Mohammad Saadatfar; Manuela Nowotny; Theodore A. Evans
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101191
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Coptotermes; Nasutitermes exitiosus; arthropods; geometry; hemolymph; micro-computed tomography; phosphotungstic acid
Abstract:: ... Termites sense tiny substrate-borne vibrations through subgenual organs (SGOs) located within their legs' tibiae. Little is known about the SGOs' structure and physical properties. We applied high-resolution (voxel size 0.45 μm) micro-computed tomography (μCT) to Australian termites, Coptotermes lacteus and Nasutitermes exitiosus (Hill) to test two staining techniques. We compared the effectivenes ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101191
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101191

15. Metamorphosis and denucleation of the brain in the miniature wasp Megaphragma viggianii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Author:: Anastasia A. Makarova; Egor N. Veko; Alexey A. Polilov
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101200
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Trichogrammatidae; adults; allometry; arthropods; brain; chromatin; eggs; lysosomes; metamorphosis; neurophysiology; parasitoids; pupae; pupal development; wasps
Abstract:: ... Holometabolan brains undergo structural and allometric changes and complex reorganizations during metamorphosis. In minute egg parasitoids, brain formation is shifted to the late larva and young pupa, due to extreme de-embryonization. The brains of Megaphragma wasps undergo denucleation, the details of which remained unknown. We describe the morphological and volumetric changes in the brain of Meg ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101200
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101200

16. Minute workers and large soldiers in the subterranean ant Carebara perpusilla: Musculoskeletal consequences of Haller's rule in the thorax

Author:: Adam Khalife; Christian Peeters; Evan P. Economo
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.69 pp. 101188
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: X-radiation; allometry; arthropods; body size; brain; head; labor; locomotion; micro-computed tomography; petioles; thorax
Abstract:: ... Many organismal traits vary with body size, often reflecting trade-offs in the face of size-dependent constraints. For example, Haller's rule, the allometric pattern whereby smaller organisms have proportionally larger brains, can have carry-on effects on head design as the brain competes for space with other structures. Ant species with polymorphic worker castes are interesting cases for helping ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101188
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101188

17. Morphological description of the midgut tract and midgut–hindgut junction in the larvae of the spider crab Maja brachydactyla Balss, 1922 (Malacostraca: Decapoda)

Author:: Diego Castejón; Guiomar Rotllant; Enric Ribes; Guillermo Guerao
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101168
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Maja brachydactyla; absorption; adults; arthropods; dissection; electron microscopy; epithelium; food transport; hindgut; larvae; larval development; light microscopy; osmoregulation; peritrophic membrane; stomach; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... The midgut tract of decapods is a digestive organ involved in the synthesis of peritrophic membrane, food transport, absorption of nutrients, and osmoregulation. The midgut tract has been described in detail in adult decapods, but little information is available regarding the morphology and ultrastructure of the midgut tract in larval stages. The present study describes the midgut tract and the mi ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101168
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101168

18. Morphology and evolution of the mesopleuron in Bethylidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) mapped on a molecular phylogeny

Author:: Chirlei D. de Brito; Geane de O. Lanes; Celso O. Azevedo
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 pp. 101214
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Bayesian theory; Bethylidae; arthropods; data collection; monophyly; statistical analysis
Abstract:: ... The mesopleuron of Bethylidae has morphostructural characters that remain poorly understood, explored, and defined. The wide range of variability of this sclerite has generated confusion both in taxonomic and cladistic studies. Aiming to solve this issue, we describe the general mesopleural anatomy of Bethylidae. Our goal is to propose primary homologies by matching external and internal structure ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101214
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101214

19. Morphology and ultrastructure of the infrabuccal pocket in Strumigenys ants

Author:: Chu Wang; Alessio Cocco; Chung-Chi Lin; Johan Billen
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.68 pp. 101154
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: arthropods; digestive tract; epithelium; filtration; pharynx; secretion; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... The morphology of the infrabuccal pocket has been studied with light and electron microscopy (SEM, TEM) in 19 species of Strumigenys ants. The structural organization is similar in workers, queens and males, and supports the involvement of the pocket in the filtration of food particles before they can enter the digestive tract. A carpet of posteriorly oriented bristle hairs on the hypopharynx firs ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101154
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101154

20. Morphology and ultrastructure of the prepharyngeal and pharyngeal glands in the ant Camponotus japonicus

Author:: Wenjing Xu; Guoyun Zhang; Liangliang Zhang; Xiaolei Wang; Johan Billen; Hong He
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 pp. 101212
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Camponotus; arthropods; histology; microscopy; mitochondria; pharynx; rough endoplasmic reticulum; secretion; smooth endoplasmic reticulum; trophallaxis; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... The prepharyngeal gland (prePG) and pharyngeal gland (PG) make up the largest exocrine structures in the head of the ant Camponotus japonicus. We used microscopy to study the histological and ultrastructural features of both glands in different castes. The number of secretory units in the prePG is considerably higher than in other ant species and shows a complex duct system which is made up by duc ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101212
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101212

21. Morphometric tools to solve species complexes: The case of Rhagovelia angustipes (Hemiptera: Veliidae)

Author:: Ximena Alejandra Galindo-Malagón; Irina Morales; Sandra M. Ospina-Garcés
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101192
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Veliidae; abdomen; arthropods; femur; geometry; head; intraspecific variation; morphometry; natural history; phylogeny; taxonomy; tibia; trees
Abstract:: ... The riffle bugs of the Rhagovelia angustipes complex have presented problems in taxonomy due to high intra-specific variability. Here we identified variation in the complex with morphometric techniques. We analyzed variation of the characters and performed a phylogenetic analysis of a combined matrix of linear measurements, geometric configurations, and discrete characters. We found that character ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101192
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101192

22. Mouthpart structure of the adult Bicaubittacus appendiculatus () (Mecoptera: Bittacidae)

Author:: Xiao-Yan Wang; Na Ma; Bao-Zhen Hua
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101176
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Bittacidae; adults; arthropods; histology; palps; sclerotization; sensilla
Abstract:: ... The structure and functional morphology of the mouthparts were investigated in adult hangingfly Bicaubittacus appendiculatus (Esben-Petersen, 1927) by scanning electron microscopy and histological serial sections. The mandibulate mouthparts consist of a labrum-epipharynx, paired mandibles and maxillae, and unpaired labium and hypopharynx. The labrum is elongated and tapered toward the apex. The ep ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101176
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101176

23. Much more than hooked: Setal adaptations for camouflage in Macrocoeloma trispinosum (Latreille, 1825) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura)

Author:: Laira Lianos; Michelle Mollemberg; Jessica Colavite; Amanda Lopes e Silva; Fernando José Zara; William Santana
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.66 pp. 101132
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Decapoda; adhesion; arthropods; camouflage; electron microscopy; epithelium; protein secretion
Abstract:: ... Several majoid crabs are known to adhere exogenous materials to their bodies, a behaviour called decoration. Until now, the adhesion of exogenous materials to the body is most attributed to the well-known hooked setae. Here, we analysed the carapace of Macrocoeloma trispinosum (Latreille, 1825) under light and electron microscopy to study the different mechanisms allowing majoid crabs to decorate ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101132
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101132

24. Pleopodal lung development in a terrestrial isopod, Porcellio scaber (Oniscidea)

Author:: Naoto Inui; Ryosuke Kimbara; Haruka Yamaguchi; Toru Miura
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.71 pp. 101210
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Porcellio scaber; arthropods; epithelium; evolution; lungs
Abstract:: ... During evolution, various lineages of arthropods colonized land and independently acquired air-breathing organs. Some taxa of oniscidean isopods (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea) are the most successful crustacean lineages on land and possess organs called “lungs” or “pseudotrachea” for air-breathing in their abdominal appendages, i.e., in pleopods. Although these lungs are important for adapting to ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101210
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101210

25. Presence of morphological integration and modularity of the forcipular apparatus in Lithobius melanops (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha: Lithobiidae)

Author:: Vukica D. Vujić; Bojan S. Ilić; Luka R. Lučić; Zvezdana S. Jovanović; Jelena Z. Milovanović; Boris D. Dudić; Dalibor Z. Stojanović
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.71 pp. 101203
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Lithobius; allometry; arthropods; asymmetry; covariance; geometry; morphometry
Abstract:: ... The presence of morphological integration and modularity of the forcipular apparatus, despite its evolutionary significance, has not been analyzed in centipedes. This morphological structure has a crucial role in feeding and defense, thanks to its poisonous part (forcipules), which is important for catching the prey. The aims of our study were: i) to test the hypothesis of modularity of the forcip ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101203
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101203

26. Rustling ants: Vibrational communication performed by two Camponotus species in Borneo

Author:: Julien L. Bota; Michael G. Schöner; Caroline R. Schöner; Monika J.B. Eberhard
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101172
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Borneo; Calamus; Camponotus; arthropods; host plants; insects; leaves; mimicry (behavior)
Abstract:: ... Interactions between ants and plants are classic examples of cooperation between individuals of different species. Usually, plants provide shelter or food for ants and in turn are defended against herbivores by their insect allies. To coordinate attacks, ants use multi-modal alarm signals consisting of vibrational and chemical components. This can also be observed in Borneo, where two Camponotus s ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101172
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101172

27. Semi-automated differentiation of insect exo- and endocuticle in X-ray microtomography

Author:: Karen Stamm; Jan-Henning Dirks
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.66 pp. 101139
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Locusta migratoria; arthropods; biomechanics; exoskeleton; geometry; histology; insects; legs; micro-computed tomography; sclerotization; tibia
Abstract:: ... One of the most versatile and complex biological composite materials, the insect exoskeleton shows a huge range in biomechanical properties. The cuticle exoskeleton can be differentiated into two main histologically different layers with distinct properties: the outer, more sclerotized exocuticle and inner, softer endocuticle. For most biomechanical research questions, it is of great importance to ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101139
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101139

28. Seminal fluid and spermatophore production in a western Atlantic invasive swimming crab, Charybdis hellerii, reveals a different pattern to Portunoidea

Author:: Timóteo T. Watanabe; Laura S. López-Greco; Fernando J. Zara
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.66 pp. 101137
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Charybdis hellerii; arthropods; crabs; dehiscence; electron microscopy; females; gonadosomatic index; invasive species; males; seawater; sperm competition; spermatophores; spermatozoa
Abstract:: ... The male reproductive system in Portunoidea is voluminous in order to produce the sperm plug, avoiding sperm competition. The portunid crab, Charybdis hellerii, is a successful invasive species, and this study describes the male reproductive system under light and electron microscopy and evaluates the gonadosomatic index and spermatophore dehiscence compared to other species that produce a sperm p ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101137
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101137

29. Slit sense organ distribution on the legs of two species of orb-weaving spider (Araneae: Araneidae)

Author:: Thomas E. Miller; Graham K. Taylor; Beth Mortimer
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.67 pp. 101140
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Araneidae; exoskeleton; hemolymph; muscles; spiders
Abstract:: ... Biotic and abiotic mechanical stimuli are ubiquitous in the environment, and are a widely used source of sensory information in arthropods. Spiders sense mechanical stimuli using hundreds of slit sense organs (small isolated slits, large isolated slits, groups of slits and lyriform organs) distributed across their bodies and appendages. These slit sense organs are embedded in the exoskeleton and d ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101140
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101140

30. Their young bite better: On- and off-host selection pressure as drivers for evolutionary-developmental modification in Rhipicephalus ticks

Author:: Deon K. Bakkes; Dikeledi E. Matloa; Ben J. Mans; Conrad A. Matthee
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101189
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Rhipicephalus; allometry; body size; early development; geometry; morphometry; neoteny; phenotype; phylogeny; risk; selection pressure
Abstract:: ... Distinct life stages may experience different selection pressures influencing phenotypic evolution. Morphological evolution is also constrained by early phenotypes, since early development forms the phenotypic basis of later development. This work investigates evolutionary-developmental modification in three life stages and both sexes of 24 Rhipicephalus species using phylogenetic comparative meth ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101189
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101189

31. Thoracic crop formation is spatiotemporally coordinated with flight muscle histolysis during claustral colony foundation in Lasius japonicus queens

Author:: Yuta Kurihara; Kota Ogawa; Yudai Chiba; Yoshinobu Hayashi; Satoshi Miyazaki
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.69 pp. 101169
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Lasius; arthropods; esophagus; flight muscles; larvae; liquids; nests
Abstract:: ... In a majority of ants, a newly mated queen independently founds a colony and claustrally raises her first brood without foraging outside the nest. During claustral independent colony foundation (ICF) in several ants, the esophagus of the founding queen expands and develops into a “thoracic crop,” which is then filled with a liquid substrate for larval feeding. It has been suggested that these subs ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101169
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101169

32. Ultrastructure and distribution of sensory receptors on the nonolfactory organs of the soldier caste in subterranean termite (Coptotermes spp.)

Author:: Bramantyo Wikantyoso; Tomoya Imai; S. Khoirul Himmi; Sulaeman Yusuf; Toshimitsu Hata; Tsuyoshi Yoshimura
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101201
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Coptotermes formosanus; Coptotermes gestroi; arthropods; innervation; nests; sensilla; subterranean termites; transmission electron microscopy; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... The soldier caste of termites uses sensilla to sense pheromonal, tactile, and vibrational cues to communicate inside and outside their nest. Although sensilla with many modalities on the antennae of subterranean termites have been well explored, there remains a lack of information regarding sensillum characteristics and distribution of the nonolfactory organs of the soldier caste in the Coptoterme ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101201
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101201

33. Vibration detection in arthropods: Signal transfer, biomechanics and sensory adaptations

Author:: Johannes Strauß; Nataša Stritih-Peljhan
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.68 pp. 101167
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: arthropods; biomechanics; evolution; sensilla; vibration
Abstract:: ... In arthropods, the detection of vibrational signals and stimuli is essential in several behaviours, including mate recognition and pair formation, prey detection, and predator evasion. These behaviours have been studied in several species of insects, arachnids, and crustaceans for vibration production and propagation in the environment. Vibration stimuli are transferred over the animals’ appendage ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101167
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101167

34. An anatomical and ultrastructural study of the eye of the luminescent millipede Paraspirobolus lucifugus (Gervais 1836) (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Spiroboleliidae)

Author:: Victor Benno Meyer-Rochow; Yumi Yamahama
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.69 pp. 101171
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Spirobolida; adults; arthropods; bioluminescence; calcium; circadian clocks; cornea; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; females; ommatidia; phototaxis; silicon; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:: ... The two forward-looking eyes and their ultrastructural organization of an 18 mm long adult bioluminescent female millipede (Paraspirobolus lucifugus) were investigated by transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Each eye contained approximately 23 ommatidia with 50–60 μm wide and 80 um thick corneal lenses that contained calcium and silicon and proximally ended in ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101171
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101171

35. The evolution of head size hypoallometry: Biomechanical implications and brain investment as a possible cause

Author:: Sean O’Donnell; Caroline Gallen
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 no. pp. 101175
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Agelaia; Polybia; allometry; arthropods; biomechanics; body size; body weight; brain; data collection
Abstract:: ... Species' mean relative head size decreases with increasing species mean body size in paper wasps, which may have important implications for biomechanics in these flying animals. Here we quantify the allometric relationship (log/log slope) of head size to body size in paper wasps. We sampled species in two genera (Agelaia and Polybia) to test whether head/body allometry was consistent among genera. ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101175
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101175

36. The interna of the rhizocephalan Peltogaster reticulata: Comparative morphology and ultrastructure

Author:: Aleksei A. Miroliubov; Anastasia D. Lianguzova; Stanislav A. Ilyutkin; Natalia A. Arbuzova; Nikita E. Lapshin; Ekaterina P. Laskova
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.70 pp. 101190
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: arthropods; endoparasites; extracellular matrix; integument; lifestyle; parasitism; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... Specialized morphology of diverse parasitic crustaceans reflects their adaptations to an endoparasitic lifestyle. Rhizocephalan barnacles are one of the most highly modified obligatory parasites of other crustaceans. Comprehension of the functional morphology of rhizocephalans could elucidate the main evolutionary trends not only inside parasitic barnacles, but in parasitism as a whole. Despite th ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101190
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101190

37. The larval scaffold controls fascicle number but is not required for formation of the dorsolongitudinal flight muscles in Manduca sexta

Author:: J. Clark Ludwig; Hitoshi Aonuma; Barry Trimmer
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.68 pp. 101170
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Drosophila melanogaster; Manduca sexta; adults; arthropods; histology; larvae; metamorphosis; micro-computed tomography; moths; muscle development; phalloidine
Abstract:: ... During metamorphosis, the dorsolongitudinal flight muscles (DLMs) of both the moth Manduca sexta and the fly Drosophila melanogaster develop from the remnants of larval muscles called larval scaffolds. Although this developmental program has been conserved across highly disparate taxa, the role of the larval scaffold remains unclear. Ablation experiments have demonstrated that the Drosophila DLM d ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101170
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101170

38. The mouthparts and sensilla of the adult tomato leafminer moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Author:: Nesreen M. Abd El-Ghany; Michel J. Faucheux
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.67 pp. 101144
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Tuta absoluta; arthropods; moths; palps; pests; proboscis; sensilla
Abstract:: ... In this study, investigation of the morphology and distribution of mouthpart sensilla in the adult tomato leafminer moth, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) is performed. SEM studies examining the mouthparts of Gelechiidae have been noted to be rare; moreover, there have been few investigations on the sensory structures of adult T. absoluta ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101144
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101144

39. The mouthparts of the Aradidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

Author:: Roman Rakitov
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 pp. 101211
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Aradus; arthropods; diverticulum; mechanics; skeleton; stylets
Abstract:: ... The flat bugs, Aradidae, have exceptionally long piercing-sucking stylets coiled up at rest in the anterior part of the head. Previous studies suggested that the majority of aradids can be divided into two groups by the direction of stylet coiling, clockwise or anticlockwise. Detailed reconstruction of the head skeleton and musculature from series of polished sections, examined in SEM, of epon-emb ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101211
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2022.101211

40. The sperm ultrastructure of members of basal Tenebrionoidea (Coleoptera)

Author:: Glenda Dias; José Lino-Neto; David Mercati; Pietro Paolo Fanciulli; Pietro Lupetti; Romano Dallai
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.66 pp. 101129
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Mordellistena; Mylabris; acrosome; arthropods; flagellum; mitochondria; plasma membrane; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... The sperm ultrastructure of some beetles of Tenebrionoidea was studied with particular attention to those of the Ripiphoridae, Mordellidae, and Meloidae. These three groups are often thought to form a clade, which is the sister group of the remaining Tenebrionoidea. The testes of the two former families have thinner but longer spermatic cysts containing fewer and longer sperm. Within each cyst all ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101129
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101129

41. The ultrastructure of the intramandibular gland in soldiers of the termite Machadotermes rigidus (Blattodea: Termitidae: Apicotermitinae)

Author:: Tereza Beránková; Aleš Buček; Thomas Bourguignon; Johanna Romero Arias; Pierre D. Akama; David Sillam-Dussès; Jan Šobotník
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2022 v.67 pp. 101136
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Blattodea; Golgi apparatus; Termitidae; anti-infective agents; arthropods; electron microscopy; micro-computed tomography; rough endoplasmic reticulum; secretion; ultrastructure; Western Africa
Abstract:: ... Machadotermes is one of the basal Apicotermitinae genera, living in tropical West Africa. Old observations suggested the presence of a new gland, the intramandibular gland, in Machadotermes soldiers. Here, by combining micro-computed tomography, optical and electron microscopy, we showed that the gland exists in Machadotermes soldiers only as an active exocrine organ, consisting of numerous class ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101136
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101136

42. Anatomy and histology of the alimentary canal of larvae and adults of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Author:: Priscylla Costa Dantas; José Eduardo Serrão; Helen Cristina Pinto Santos; Geraldo Andrade Carvalho
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101000
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Chrysoperla externa; Malpighian tubules; adults; agriculture; arthropods; biological control; cells; digestive tract; diverticulum; epithelium; foregut; herbivores; hindgut; histology; lacewings; larvae; lips; microvilli; nests; peritrophic membrane; predators; proventriculus; rectum; sclerotization
Abstract:: ... The larvae of the lacewing Chrysoperla externa are important predators with the potential to be used in the biological control in agriculture. Although some studies provide important data on the gut morphology in lacewings, they are limited to few species. This study describes the anatomy and histology of the alimentary canal in the predatory larvae and herbivorous adult of C. externa. In larvae, ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101000
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101000

43. Coevolution between female seminal receptacle and sperm morphology in the semiaquatic measurer bug Hydrometra stagnorum L. (Heteroptera, Hydrometridae)

Author:: Romano Dallai; Pietro Paolo Fanciulli; David Mercati; Pietro Lupetti
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101001
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Hydrometridae; acrosome; arthropods; bulbs; coevolution; dimensions; epithelium; females; flagellum; flow; length; mitochondria; muscle fibers; secretion; spermatheca
Abstract:: ... The coevolution between sperm length and size of the female sperm-storage organs is described for the first time within Heteroptera. The long sperm of the measurer bug Hydrometra stagnorum is characterized by the unusually long acrosome with its anterior region helically arranged, and by a very short nucleus. The sperm flagellum has a 9 + 9+2 conventional axoneme and crystallized mitochondrial der ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101001
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101001

44. Comparative morphology and evolution of the cranial musculature in bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Author:: Odair Milioni de Meira; Rodrigo Barbosa Gonçalves
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.65 pp. 101112
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Apoidea; arthropods; muscles; proboscis; skeleton; synapomorphy; terminology
Abstract:: ... Comparative morphological studies in bees are mostly restricted to the skeleton, and the musculature of bees has not been explored much from this perspective. Here we investigate the head extrinsic musculature under an evolutionary perspective. The musculature of 34 bee species belonging to six major lineages and 26 tribes plus two apoid wasps is described, illustrated, and compared. A standardize ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101112
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101112

45. Comparative morphology of scorpion metasomata: Muscles and cuticle

Author:: Alice Günther; Lionel Monod; Christian S. Wirkner
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101003
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Scorpiones; arthropods; chemical elements; humans; injection; interspecific variation; knowledge; muscles; research
Abstract:: ... Scorpions are among the most popular research objects within Arachnida and there is an impressive body of knowledge about their biology, distribution, morphology, etc. Although the poison sting has gained a lot of attention due to its potential lethal effects to humans, hitherto, there has been no comparative morphological study on the metasoma, the body part that delivers the poisonous injection. ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101003
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101003

46. Convergent evolution of optic lobe neuropil in Pancrustacea

Author:: Nicholas J. Strausfeld; Briana Olea-Rowe
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101040
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Branchiopoda; Insecta; Malacostraca; Remipedia; ancestry; arthropods; convergent evolution; insects; optic lobe; phylogeny
Abstract:: ... A prevailing opinion since 1926 has been that optic lobe organization in malacostracan crustaceans and insects reflects a corresponding organization in their common ancestor. Support for this refers to malacostracans and insects both possessing three, in some instances four, nested retinotopic neuropils beneath their compound eyes. Historically, the rationale for claiming homology of malacostracan ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101040
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101040

47. Coupling wings with movable hooks – resilin in the wing-interlocking structures of honeybees

Author:: Jan Michels; Esther Appel; Stanislav N. Gorb
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101008
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Hymenoptera; arthropods; confocal laser scanning microscopy; exoskeleton; flight; honey bees; mechanical loads; risk; sclerotization; wings
Abstract:: ... Hymenoptera are characterised by the presence of one forewing pair and one hindwing pair. The two wings of each body side are coupled to each other during flight making the morphologically four-winged insects functionally two-winged. This coupling is formed by a row of hook-like structures, called hamuli, that are located at the leading edge of the hindwing and interlock with a thickened and recur ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101008
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101008

48. Crucial role of framework with cytoskeletal actin filaments for shaping microstructure of footpad setae in the ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis

Author:: Ken-ichi Kimura; Naoe Hosoda
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 100998
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Harmonia axyridis; actin; adhesion; arthropods; cells; cytochalasin D; hairs; insects; legs; microfilaments; microstructure; neurons; phalloidine; polymerization; pupae; staining; surfaces
Abstract:: ... Insects that can walk on smooth surfaces have specialized structures, footpads, on their legs. Footpads play an important role in adhesion to the substrate surface. Although the morphology and function of footpads have been studied, the mechanism of their formation is still elusive. In the ladybird beetle (Harmonia axyridis), hairy footpads are present on the first and second tarsal segments of th ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.100998
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.100998

49. Differentiation between left and right wing stridulatory files in the field cricket Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

Author:: Jacob Duncan; Carl D. Soulsbury; Fernando Montealegre-Z
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.65 pp. 101076
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Gryllus bimaculatus; acoustics; arthropods; fossils; males; phylogeny; stridulation; wings
Abstract:: ... Male crickets produce acoustic signals by wing stridulation, attracting females for mating. A plectrum on the left forewing's (or tegmen) anal margin rapidly strikes along a serrated vein (stridulatory file, SF) on the opposite tegmen as they close, producing vibrations, ending in a tonal sound. The tooth strike rate of the plectrum across file teeth is equal to the sound frequency produced by the ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101076
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101076

50. Do holometabolous insects molt spontaneously after adulthood? An exceptional case report in fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), with discussion of its inferred endocrine regulation especially in relation to neoteny

Author:: Ming-Luen Jeng; Yuichiro Suzuki; Chih-Yuan Chang; Tsan-Rong Chen
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101013
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Lampyridae; adulthood; adults; arthropods; case studies; ecdysis; eclosion; females; integument; larvae; neoteny; oviducts; oviposition; pupae; sexual maturity; Taiwan
Abstract:: ... It has been a traditionally held view that winged insects stop molting after they reach adulthood. We observed a fascinating phenomenon of a post-imago molt occurring in the neotenic females of a firefly species in Taiwan over the last two years. By rearing Lamprigera minor larvae to adults, four out of the five unmated females studied were found undergoing an extra molt 8–18 days after adult eclo ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101013
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101013

51. Dorsal setae in Raoiella (Acari: Tenuipalpidae): Their functional morphology and implication in fluid secretion

Author:: Antonella Di Palma; Jenifer J. Beard; Gary R. Bauchan; Ronald Ochoa; Owen D. Seeman; Elliot W. Kitajima
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101023
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Raoiella indica; cells; chemoreceptors; dendrites; droplets; females; insects; length; mechanoreceptors; microvilli; mites; pests; receptors; secretion; transmission electron microscopy; ultrastructure; water
Abstract:: ... The setae of mites are not regarded as secretory structures, yet in the flat mite genus Raoiella, each developmental stage presents droplets of fluid associated with the tips of their dorsal setae. To understand the origin of this fluid, the ultrastructure of the dorsal setae is investigated in females of Raoiella bauchani Beard & Ochoa and the invasive pest species Raoiella indica Hirst using sca ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101023
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101023

52. Egg structure of five antarctoperlarian stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera, Antarctoperlaria)

Author:: Shodo Mtow; Brian J. Smith; Ryuichiro Machida
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101011
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Plecoptera; arthropods; chorion; eggs; sclerotization; shape
Abstract:: ... The egg structures of five antarctoperlarian species – Stenoperla prasina of Eustheniidae; Austroperla cyrene of Austroperlidae; and Zelandobius truncus, Megaleptoperla grandis, and Acroperla trivacuata of Gripopterygidae, were examined in detail, and the groundplan of the egg structure was considered within the representative lineages of Antarctoperlaria and Plecoptera. The flattened egg shape an ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101011
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101011

53. Evidence for wing development in the Late Palaeozoic Palaeodictyoptera revisited

Author:: Kateřina Rosová; Nina D. Sinitshenkova; Jakub Prokop
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.63 pp. 101061
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Ephemeroptera; arthropods; fossils; instars; larvae
Abstract:: ... The numerous fossil specimens described as consecutive series of different larval stages of two species, Tchirkovaea guttata and Paimbia fenestrata (Palaeodictyoptera: Tchirkovaeidae), were reinvestigated with emphasis on comparing the development and growth of their wings with that of the wings of a recent mayfly, Cloeon dipterum. This unique fossil material was for a long time considered as undi ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101061
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101061

54. External structures of the metathoracic scent gland efferent system in the true bug superfamily Pyrrhocoroidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha)

Author:: Vladimír Hemala; Petr Kment; Eva Tihlaříková; Vilém Neděla; Igor Malenovský
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.63 pp. 101058
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Lygaeoidea; Pyrrhocoridae; arthropods; cotton; furrows; manubrium; odors; phylogeny; scent glands; taxonomic keys
Abstract:: ... Pyrrhocoroidea represents an important group of true bugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera) which includes fire bugs, cotton stainers and other taxa widely used in experimental studies or known as pests. However, the morphology and phylogeny of Pyrrhocoroidea have been only poorly studied so far. Here, structures of the external scent efferent system of the metathoracic scent glands are examined i ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101058
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101058

55. Female reproductive system and oogenesis in the mite Bakericheyla chanayi

Author:: Svetlana Filimonova
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.62 pp. 101047
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Cheyletidae; Trombidiformes; bacteriocytes; early development; meiosis; mites; nuclear membrane; oocytes; oogonia; oviducts; spermatozoa; vagina; vitellogenesis
Abstract:: ... The fine structure of the female reproductive system of a cheyletid mite Bakericheyla chanayi (Trombidiformes: Cheyletidae) is investigated for the first time. This system consists of an unpaired ovary, glandular oviduct, receptaculum seminis, long cuticle-lined vagina, and genital atrium terminating in the genital opening. A separate sperm access system has not been found. The receptaculum semini ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101047
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101047

56. Genealogical relationships of mushroom bodies, hemiellipsoid bodies, and their afferent pathways in the brains of Pancrustacea: Recent progress and open questions

Author:: S. Harzsch; J. Krieger
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.65 pp. 101100
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: arthropods; mushroom bodies; mushrooms; neurons; phylogeny
Abstract:: ... According to all latest phylogenetic analyses, the taxon Pancrustacea embraces the crustaceans in the traditional sense and the hexapods. Members of the Pancrustacea for a long time have been known to display distinct similarities in the architecture of their brains. Here, we review recent progress and open questions concerning structural and functional communalities of selected higher integrative ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101100
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101100

57. Growth temperature effect on mandibles’ ontogeny and sexual dimorphism in the ambrosia beetle Xyleborus affinis (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

Author:: Sandra M. Ospina-Garcés; Luis A. Ibarra-Juarez; Federico Escobar; Andrés Lira-Noriega
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101029
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Ambrosia; Curculionidae; Xyleborus; adults; ambrosia beetles; arthropods; forests; fungi; geometry; larvae; morphometry; ontogeny; sexual dimorphism; temperature
Abstract:: ... Ambrosia beetles from the genus Xyleborus are important vectors of fungal pathogens in forest and agricultural systems, yet the influence of temperature on their morphological development has been poorly studied. Because host colonization and ambrosial fungi cultivation is mostly restricted to females, it is possible to speculate on strong sexual dimorphism expression in secondary sexual character ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101029
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101029

58. Is Potimirim potimirim (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae) a protandric hermaphrodite species? Behavioral and morphological aspects of the reproductive system

Author:: Marina Machado; Fernanda Cristina Salti; Giovana Bertini; Fernando José Zara; Maria Lucia Negreiros-Fransozo
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.63 pp. 101060
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Decapoda; adults; arthropods; copulation; courtship; hermaphroditism; histology; males; secretion; spermatophores; vitellogenesis
Abstract:: ... We evaluated the mating behavior of Potimirim potimirim in the laboratory based on the assumption that this caridean might be hermaphroditic. We also performed histology and scanning electron microscopy analyses of the reproductive system of females, males, and differentiated individuals. The mating experiments produced three behavioral stages, namely, interaction, lateral positioning, and copulat ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101060
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101060

59. Making the grade: Physiological adaptations to terrestrial environments in decapod crabs

Author:: Victoria M. Watson-Zink
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.64 pp. 101089
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Decapoda; arthropods; crabs; freshwater; phylogeny; transcriptomics
Abstract:: ... All extant macroscopic terrestrial diversity has evolved from the ancestors of a small group of successful terrestrial colonizers, but in a few lineages this transition has independently occurred multiple times in spite of the significant functional challenges it presents. Decapod crabs have transitioned from marine to terrestrial environments at least ten times, occupy diverse habitats, and displ ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101089
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101089

60. Metamorphosis of the central nervous system of Trichogramma telengai (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Author:: Anastasia A. Makarova; Egor N. Veko; Alexey A. Polilov
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101005
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Trichogramma; adults; allometry; arthropods; brain; cells; diameter; eggs; exhibitions; ganglia; insects; larvae; metamorphosis; parasitic wasps; parasitism; pupae; pupal development; volume
Abstract:: ... During metamorphosis, the insect CNS undergoes both structural and allometric changes. Due to their extreme de-embryonization and parasitism, the formation of the CNS in egg parasitoids occurs at the late larval stage. Our study provides the first data on the morphological and volumetric changes of the CNS occurring during the pupal development of the parasitic wasp Trichogramma telengai Sorokina, ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101005
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101005

61. More than one way to smell ashore – Evolution of the olfactory pathway in terrestrial malacostracan crustaceans

Author:: Jakob Krieger; Marie K. Hörnig; Matthes Kenning; Bill S. Hansson; Steffen Harzsch
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101022
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Anomala; Coenobitidae; Isopoda; Talitridae; antennae; architecture; arthropods; brain; chemical elements; convergent evolution; environment; insects; land; lifestyle; sensilla; smell; tissues; water
Abstract:: ... Crustaceans provide a fascinating opportunity for studying adaptations to a terrestrial lifestyle because within this group, the conquest of land has occurred at least ten times convergently. The evolutionary transition from water to land demands various morphological and physiological adaptations of tissues and organs including the sensory and nervous system. In this review, we aim to compare the ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101022
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101022

62. Morphological adaptations to silk production by adult females in the pollen wasp genus Quartinia (Masarinae, Vespidae) – a keystone character for ground nesting in dry sand habitats

Author:: Dominique Zimmermann; Susanne Randolf; Volker Mauss
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.62 pp. 101045
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Vespidae; adults; arthropods; brood rearing; burrows; clay soils; excretion; histology; micro-computed tomography; nests; pollen; sand; silk; species diversity; wasps
Abstract:: ... While many pollen wasps nest in hard clayey soil or in rigid sand or use these kinds of substrates to build aerial earthen cells, all representatives of the genus Quartinia, in which nesting behavior has been studied so far, construct their nests in habitats with loose sand. The walls of the burrow are stabilized by a silky excretion that is applied on their inner surfaces during nest construction ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101045
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101045

63. Morphology and ultrastructure of the epithelial femoral gland in cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)

Author:: Lijia Zhang; Siyue Wang; Johan Billen; Cong Wei
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.64 pp. 101086
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Cicadidae; arthropods; epithelium; femur; legs; rough endoplasmic reticulum; secretion; tibia; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... Exocrine glands in the legs of social insects are found throughout all leg segments, but studies of exocrine glands in legs of solitary insects are very limited. We discovered a novel gland at the apex of the fore, mid and hind femurs from six representative species of Cicadidae, which we propose to name as the epithelial femoral gland. The epithelial femoral gland is located between the paired ap ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101086
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101086

64. Morphology and ultrastructure of the spermatozoa of Lonchoptera lutea Panzer, 1809 (Diptera: Lonchopteridae)

Author:: Marion Kotrba; Michael Tröster; Heidemarie Gensler; Bernhard Ruthensteiner; Martin Heß
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101004
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Diptera; arthropods; females; mitochondria; spermatheca; spermatozoa; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... Lonchoptera lutea males produce giant spermatozoa that are more than 2000 μm long and 1.4 μm wide. Unlike the typical brachyceran spermatozoon, they have a highly asymmetrical cross-section with only a single, albeit very large, mitochondrial derivative and a pair of massive accessory bodies, one of which extends throughout the entire length of the sperm tail. The accessory bodies consist of an el ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101004
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101004

65. Morphology of sting apparatus of Chrysidoidea (Hymenoptera, Aculeata)

Author:: Diego N. Barbosa; Lars Vilhelmsen; Celso O. Azevedo
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 100999
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Hymenoptera; area; arthropods; females; hosts; muscles; ovipositor; sting apparatus; synapomorphy
Abstract:: ... The main synapomorphy for Aculeata is the sting apparatus, which allows the female to envenom potential prey or hosts. The sting is the modified ovipositor which is not used for laying eggs anymore. Here, we explore the morphology of the sting apparatus within the families of Chrysidoidea. 27 skeletal structures were recognized, including three (dp1vf, dorsal projection of first valvifer; ppa, pro ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.100999
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.100999

66. Morphology of the novel ventral scape gland in the ant genus Strumigenys

Author:: Chu Wang; Chung-Chi Lin; Johan Billen
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.63 pp. 101063
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Formicidae; arthropods; epithelial cells; epithelium; nerve tissue
Abstract:: ... We describe a novel ventral scape gland in all 19 species of the genus Strumigenys that we examined, confirming the postulated existence of this gland by Bolton (1999). The gland occurs in workers and queens; it belongs to ‘class-1’ and is formed by a layer of epithelial secretory cells that line the ventrodistal tegumental cuticle of the antennal scape. The gland is characterized by its bowl-shap ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101063
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101063

67. Mouthparts of nectar-feeding Tanyderidae (Insecta: Diptera): lapping and siphoning

Author:: Elena D. Lukashevich
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.64 pp. 101087
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Diptera; adults; arthropods; nectar feeding; proboscis
Abstract:: ... Mouthparts of adult Tanyderidae are examined in detail for the first time, with emphasis on scanning electron microscopy. A full set of mouthparts, devoid of conspicuous dentation or serration and showing no differences between sexes, was found in both examined species, Eutanyderus wilsoni Alexander, 1928 and Peringueyomyina barnardi Alexander, 1921. The mouthparts are elongated into a proboscis i ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101087
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101087

68. Multi-instrumental techniques for evaluating butterfly structural colors: A case study on Polyommatus bellargus (Rottemburg, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae)

Author:: Krisztián Kertész; Zsolt Bálint; Gábor Piszter; Zsolt Endre Horváth; László Péter Biró
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101010
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Lycaenidae; arthropods; butterflies; case studies; color; electron microscopy; genetic drift; metamorphosis; photons; quantitative analysis; spectroscopy; wavelengths
Abstract:: ... Color is an important communication channel for day-flying butterflies. Chemical (pigmentary) coloration is often supplemented by physical color generated by photonic nanostructures. These nanoarchitectures – which are characteristic for a given species – exhibit wavelength ranges in which light propagation is forbidden. The photonic nanoarchitectures are located in the lumen of the wing scales an ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101010
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101010

69. Oscillating waves of Fox, Cyclin and CDK gene expression indicate unique spatiotemporal control of cell cycling during nervous system development in onychophorans

Author:: Ralf Janssen; Graham E. Budd
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.62 pp. 101042
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: animal development; cell cycle; central nervous system; cyclin-dependent kinase; cyclins; embryogenesis; gene expression; neurodevelopment
Abstract:: ... Forkhead box (Fox) genes code for a class of transcription factors with many different fundamental functions in animal development including cell cycle control. Other important factors of cell cycle control are Cyclins and Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Here we report on the oscillating expression of three Fox genes, FoxM, FoxN14 (jumeaux) and FoxN23 (Checkpoint suppressor like-1), Cyclins and C ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101042
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101042

70. Outsourcing a visual neuropil – The central visual system of the median eyes of Galeodes granti Pocock, 1903 (Arachnida: Solifugae)

Author:: Tobias Lehmann; Roland R. Melzer
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101024
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Opiliones; Scorpiones; Solifugae; arthropods; brain; phylogeny; retina
Abstract:: ... Only a few studies have examined the central visual system of Solifugae until now. To get new insights suitable for phylogenetic analysis we studied the R-cell (or retinula cell) projections and visual neuropils of Galeodes granti using various methods.G. granti possesses large median eyes and rudimentary lateral eyes. In this study, only the R-cells and neuropils of the median eyes were successfu ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101024
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101024

71. Protaspid larvae are unique to trilobites

Author:: Rudy Lerosey-Aubril; Lukáš Laibl
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.63 pp. 101059
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Ordovician period; Siberia; arthropods; biomineralization; exoskeleton; fossils; models
Abstract:: ... Trilobites represent a model for ‘evo-devo’ studies in fossil euarthropods, owing to a rare developmental trait: the biomineralization of the dorsal exoskeleton soon after hatching. Many fossilized trilobite ontogenies thus feature early stages – the protaspides – characterized by non-articulated, calcified dorsal exoskeletons. The recent discovery of a protaspid-like fossil occurring with aglaspi ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101059
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101059

72. Protaspis larva of an aglaspidid-like arthropod from the Ordovician of Siberia and its habitat

Author:: Jerzy Dzik
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101026
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Cambrian period; Cephalopoda; Ordovician period; Siberia; arthropods; fossils; habitats; materials; mechanical properties; metamorphosis; mineralization; molluscs; mortality; phylogeny
Abstract:: ... A fossil larva lacking segmentation of the calcified carapace, closely resembling the trilobite protaspis, has been found associated with other skeletal elements of an angarocaridid Girardevia species in the mid Darriwilian of central Siberia. The presence of protaspis larvae in the angarocaridids, generally believed to represent a branch of the Aglaspidida, supports their proximity to trilobites ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101026
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101026

73. Scale granules and colours: Sexual dimorphism in Trichonis (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae, Theclinae)

Author:: Zsolt Bálint; Andrew Parker; Abigail Ingram; Krisztián Kertész; Gábor Piszter; Zsolt E. Horváth; Levente Illés; László Péter Biró
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.65 pp. 101113
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Lycaenidae; X-radiation; absorption; arthropods; calcium; color; males; oxygen; reflectance; sexual dimorphism; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:: ... A large fraction of dorsal wing surface ground scales show an unusual granulated nature, composed of material apparently extruded from the scale lumen in male individuals of both Trichonis Hewitson, 1865 species in the tribe Eumaeini, a rare Guyanian–Amazonian genus. Only a few not-granulated male specimens are known, females are not granulated. The granulated scales are investigated by various mi ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101113
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101113

74. Social conquest of land: Sea-to-land changes in shell architecture and body morphology, with consequences for social evolution

Author:: Mark E. Laidre
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.63 pp. 101064
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Gastropoda; Paguroidea; arthropods; claws; phylogeny
Abstract:: ... Architecture, like nests, burrows, and other types of fortresses, may have played an important role in the evolution of social life on land. However, few studies have examined architecture in organisms that transitioned from sea to land to test how and why architectural and morphological changes might have jointly impacted social evolution. Here I contrasted the shell architecture and body morphol ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101064
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101064

75. Specialised rootlets of Sacculina pilosella (Rhizocephala: Sacculinidae) used for interactions with its host's nervous system

Author:: Anastasia D. Lianguzova; Stanislav A. Ilyutkin; Olga M. Korn; Aleksei A. Miroliubov
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101009
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Paguroidea; Pilosella; Rhizocephala; arthropods; behavior change; ganglia; hormones; host-parasite relationships; hosts; keratinosomes; myocytes; neurotransmitters; parasites; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... Parasitic rhizocephalan barnacles induce morphological, physiological, and behavioural changes in their hosts. The mechanisms of these intimate host-parasite interactions remain unknown. We have shown previously that rootlets of the internae of Peltogasterella gracilis and Peltogaster paguri penetrate the ganglion's envelope of their hermit crab hosts and form specialised structures in the ganglio ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101009
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101009

76. Sperm ultrastructure in arrhenotokous and thelytokous Thysanoptera

Author:: Stephanie Krueger; Gerald Moritz
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.64 pp. 101084
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Echinothrips americanus; Hercinothrips femoralis; arrhenotoky; arthropods; electron microscopy; endosymbionts; lifestyle; males; spermatozoa; thelytoky; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... Thysanoptera are haplo-diploid insects that reproduce either via arrhenotoky or thelytoky. Beside genetically based thelytoky, this reproduction mode can also be endosymbiont induced. The recovery of these females from their infection again leads to the development of males. Functionality of these males ranges widely, and this might be associated with sperm structure.We analyzed the sperm ultrastr ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101084
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101084

77. Surf and turf vision: Patterns and predictors of visual acuity in compound eye evolution

Author:: Kathryn D. Feller; Camilla R. Sharkey; Alyssa McDuffee-Altekruse; Heather D. Bracken-Grissom; Nathan P. Lord; Megan L. Porter; Lorian E. Schweikert
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101002
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: air; arthropods; body length; compound eyes; databases; environmental factors; foraging; history; lawns and turf; least squares; light intensity; linear models; phylogeny; vision; water
Abstract:: ... Eyes have the flexibility to evolve to meet the ecological demands of their users. Relative to camera-type eyes, the fundamental limits of optical diffraction in arthropod compound eyes restrict the ability to resolve fine detail (visual acuity) to much lower degrees. We tested the capacity of several ecological factors to predict arthropod visual acuity, while simultaneously controlling for share ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101002
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101002

78. Synchrotron X-ray phase contrast micro tomography to explore the morphology of abdominal organs in Pterostichus melas italicus Dejean, 1828 (Coleoptera, Carabidae)

Author:: Sandro Donato; Maria Luigia Vommaro; Giuliana Tromba; Anita Giglio
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.62 pp. 101044
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Pterostichus; X-radiation; agroecosystems; arthropods; data collection; digestive tract; entomology; excretion; histology; life history; male reproductive system; micro-computed tomography; models; nutrition; organogenesis; reproduction
Abstract:: ... Micro-computer tomography imaging is a fast and non-destructive data acquisition technique which can replace or complement the traditional investigation methodologies used in entomology to study morphology. In this paper, Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Phase-Contrast micro tomography (SR-PhC micro-CT) was combined with histology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations to describe the abdo ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101044
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101044

79. Testes morphology and the identification of transcripts of the hormonal pathways of the velvetbean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)

Author:: Larissa Forim Pezenti; Sheila Michele Levy; Rogério Fernandes de Souza; Daniel Ricardo Sosa-Gómez; Renata da Rosa
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.65 pp. 101111
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Anticarsia gemmatalis; Erebidae; arthropods; biosynthesis; dimorphism; ecdysone receptor; germ cells; juvenile hormones; juveniles; pests; pupae; spermatogenesis; testes; Brazil
Abstract:: ... Anticarsia gemmatalis is one of the main defoliating pests of soybeans in Brazil. In the current study, we characterized the histomorphology of the testes and the spermatogenesis process in A. gemmatalis. We also identified transcripts involved in the biosynthesis, metabolism, and signaling of juvenile and ecdysteroid hormones, in order to provide information about potential mechanisms of regulati ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101111
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101111

80. Ultrastructural 3D reconstruction of the smallest known insect photoreceptors: The stemmata of a first instar larva of Strepsiptera (Hexapoda)

Author:: Stefan Fischer; Michael Laue; Carsten H.G. Müller; Ian A. Meinertzhagen; Hans Pohl
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.62 pp. 101055
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Stylops; arthropods; cornea; insects; instars; mitochondria; photoreceptors; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:: ... Stemmata of strepsipteran insects represent the smallest arthropod eyes known, having photoreceptors which form fused rhabdoms measuring an average size of 1.69 × 1.21 × 1.04 μm and each occupying a volume of only 0.97–1.16 μm³. The morphology of the stemmata of the extremely miniaturized first instar larva of Stylops ovinae (Strepsiptera, Stylopidae) was investigated using serial-sectioning trans ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101055
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101055

81. Ultrastructure and morphology of the compound eyes of the predatory bug Montandoniola moraguesi (Insecta: Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)

Author:: Fu-zhen Guo; Shuo-ying Ning; Ji-nian Feng; Bin Liu; Xiao-hua He
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101030
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Montandoniola moraguesi; cornea; evolution; microvilli; ommatidia; predatory insects; transmission electron microscopy; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... The morphology and ultrastructure of the compound eye of the predatory bug, Montandoniola moraguesi (Puton, 1986) was investigated using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Its compound eyes, which contain ∼195 ommatidia per eye, have the following characteristics: each ommatidium possesses a laminated corneal lens measuring ∼9 μm in diameter and ∼7 μm in thickness, a tetrapartite eucon ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101030
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101030

82. Variation of cleaning organ structures and setae of pedipalp tarsus in the family Phrynidae (Arachnida: Amblypygi)

Author:: Daniel Chirivi-Joya; Laura Bonilla; Aleidy Galindo; Giovanny Fagua
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101027
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Phrynidae; arthropods; chemoreceptors; histology; sensilla
Abstract:: ... The pedipalp tarsus of Amblypygi is used as a cleaning tool in grooming behavior and as a weapon in prey capture. The tarsus presents several structures with unknown functions that probably relate to both processes. The Amblypygi tarsus possesses a cleaning organ with two lines of projections and a group of setae distributed along the structure. We analyzed the morphological variation of the clean ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101027
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101027

83. Visual system characterization of the obligate bat ectoparasite Trichobius frequens (Diptera: Streblidae)

Author:: Megan L. Porter; Thomas W. Cronin; Carl W. Dick; Noah Simon; Katharina Dittmar
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101007
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Chiroptera; Streblidae; absorbance; adults; architecture; arthropods; cells; dimensions; eclosion; ectoparasites; environment; evolution; eyes; flight; habitats; hosts; information; insects; opsin; photoreceptors; pigmentation; pupae; vision
Abstract:: ... As an obligate ectoparasite of bats, the bat fly Trichobius frequens (Diptera: Streblidae) inhabits the same subterranean environment as their nocturnal bat hosts. In this study, we characterize the macromorphology, optical architecture, rhabdom anatomy, photoreceptor absorbance, and opsin expression of the significantly reduced visual system in T. frequens resulting from evolution in the dark. Th ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101007
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101007

84. The basitarsal sulcus gland, a novel exocrine structure in ants

Author:: Johan Billen; Adam Khalife; Fuminori Ito; Nguyen Duc Anh; Flavia A. Esteves
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101041
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Nothomyrmecia; Paraponera; Tetraponera; arthropods; epithelium; face; histology; legs; nestmate recognition; nests; phylogeny; secretion; smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Abstract:: ... The basitarsus of the mid- and/or hindlegs of several Amblyoponinae ants shows a deep longitudinal groove or sulcus on its anterior face in workers and queens. Histological examination reveals this sulcus is associated with a conspicuous novel epithelial gland, which brings the number of exocrine glands in the legs of ants to 25. The ultrastructural characteristics of the gland show the presence o ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101041
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101041

85. The cephalothoracic sucker of sea lice (Crustacea: Copepoda: Caligidae): The functional importance of cuticular membrane ultrastructure

Author:: Susumu Ohtsuka; Yusuke Nishida; Katsushi Hirano; Taiki Fuji; Tomonari Kaji; Yusuke Kondo; Sota Komeda; Satoshi Tasumi; Kanae Koike; Geoffrey A. Boxshall
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.62 pp. 101046
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Caligus; arthropods; attachment behavior; cameras; cephalothorax; fish; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... Sea lice adhere to the body surface of host fish with a cephalothoracic sucker. Caligus adheres to this substrate using legs 2 and 3, and the action of cephalothoracic muscles. Lunules, small, paired, anterior sucker-like structures, have a vital function in the initial step of adhering and contain a unique endocuticule containing elements that may behave like active matter and serve as the actuat ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101046
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101046

86. The development and function of neuronal subtypes processing color and skylight polarization in the optic lobes of Drosophila melanogaster

Author:: Gizem Sancer; Mathias F. Wernet
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101012
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Drosophila melanogaster; arthropods; color; fruit flies; neurons; photoreceptors; retina; transcriptomics
Abstract:: ... The retinal mosaics of many insects contain different ommatidial subtypes harboring photoreceptors that are both molecularly and morphologically specialized for comparing between different wavelengths versus detecting the orientation of skylight polarization. The neural circuits underlying these different inputs and the characterization of their specific cellular elements are the subject of intens ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101012
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101012

87. The epidermis cells of mandible teeth in the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber: Differentiations for mineralisation with calcium phosphate and carbonate

Author:: Benedikt Nutz; Ulrich Rupp; Paul Walther; Andreas Ziegler
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.65 pp. 101101
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Porcellio scaber; arthropods; calcium; calcium phosphates; carbonates; endoplasmic reticulum; epithelium; integument; microtubules; mineralization; mitochondria; molting; phosphorus; secretion; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... Generally, the mineralisation of the crustacean cuticle occurs when the cuticle has expanded after moulting. However, in the partes incisivae of Porcellio scaber, cuticle mineralisation with calcium phosphate already occurs before the moult. We investigated the ultrastructure and distribution of organelles within the epidermis cells and searched for calcium-containing organelles using EDX and EFTE ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101101
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101101

88. The extravagantly modified dorsal setae of Daidalotarsonemus oliveirai and Excelsotarsonemus caravelis (Acari: Prostigmata: Tarsonemidae) females: Ultrastructure and functional implications

Author:: Antonella Di Palma; Elliot W. Kitajima; Antonio C. Lofego
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.63 pp. 101057
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Tarsonemidae; fungi; mechanoreceptors; mites; transmission electron microscopy; ultrastructure; vegetation
Abstract:: ... The genera Daidalotarsonemus De Leon and Excelsotarsonemus Ochoa & Naskrecki are mainly characterized, in the females, by the presence of sculpturing on the dorsal shields and by highly modified dorsal setae, greatly enlarged, laminar or sail-shaped. Moreover, both genera are characterized by abundant cerotegument all over the body and on the modified setae (d, e, f) with the presence of fungi, li ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101057
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101057

89. The lobula plate is exclusive to insects

Author:: Nicholas J. Strausfeld
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101031
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Cambrian period; Crustacea; Diptera; ancestry; arthropods; flight; neurons
Abstract:: ... Just one superorder of insects is known to possess a neuronal network that mediates extremely rapid reactions in flight in response to changes in optic flow. Research on the identity and functional organization of this network has over the course of almost half a century focused exclusively on the order Diptera, a member of the approximately 300-million-year-old clade Holometabola defined by its m ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101031
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101031

90. The morphology of Colpocephalum pectinatum (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Menoponidae) under scanning electron microscopy

Author:: Gracia Liébanas; Ángeles Sáez; Álvaro Luna; Pedro Romero-Vidal; Antonio Palma; Jesús M. Pérez
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.64 pp. 101085
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Athene cunicularia; Colpocephalum; arthropods; head; palps; sensilla; taxonomy
Abstract:: ... Here, we describe under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the morphology of Colpocephalum pectinatum (Phthiraptera, Menoponidae), an ectoparasite found in burrowing owls, Athene cunicularia. We devote particular attention to the morphology of the main structures of the head (antennae and mouth-parts) and legs (tarsi and femoral ctenidia). Moreover, we describe the main peripheral sensory organs, ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101085
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101085

91. The orbital hoods of snapping shrimp have surface features that may represent tradeoffs between vision and protection

Author:: Alexandra C.N. Kingston; Daniel R. Chappell; Loann Koch; Sönke Johnsen; Daniel I. Speiser
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101025
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Decapoda; adhesion; air; epibionts; shrimp; vision
Abstract:: ... Snapping shrimp (Alpheidae) are decapod crustaceans named for the snapping claws with which they produce cavitation bubbles. Snapping shrimp use the shock waves released by collapsing cavitation bubbles as weapons. Along with their distinctive claws, snapping shrimp have orbital hoods, extensions of their carapace that cover their heads and eyes. Snapping shrimp view the world through their orbita ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101025
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101025

92. The origin and evolution of the euarthropod labrum

Author:: Graham E. Budd
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.62 pp. 101048
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Cambrian period; arthropods; brain; evolution; fossils; head; models
Abstract:: ... A widely (although not universally) accepted model of arthropod head evolution postulates that the labrum, a structure seen in almost all living euarthropods, evolved from an anterior pair of appendages homologous to the frontal appendages of onychophorans. However, the implications of this model for the interpretation of fossil arthropods have not been fully integrated into reconstructions of the ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101048
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101048

93. An overview on trilobite eyes and their functioning

Author:: Brigitte Schoenemann
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101032
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Paleozoic era; arthropods; cornea; phylogeny; vision
Abstract:: ... Great progress has been made during the last decades in understanding visual systems of arthropods living today. Thus it seems worthwhile to review what is known about structure and function of the eyes of trilobites, the most important group of marine arthropods during the Paleozoic. There are three types of compound eyes in trilobites. The oldest and most abundant is the so-called holochroal eye ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101032
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101032

94. The reproductive system of Ceracis cornifer (Mellié) and first description of sperm structure in a minute tree-fungus beetle (Tenebrionoidea: Ciidae)

Author:: Camila Folly; Italo Salvatore de Castro Pecci-Maddalena; Cristiano Lopes-Andrade; e José Lino-Neto
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.64 pp. 101088
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Tenebrionidae; arthropods; body size; dimorphism; females; histology; males; oocytes; spermatheca; spermatogenesis; spermatozoa; testes
Abstract:: ... Studies on the spermatogenesis of Tenebrionidae beetles (Tenebrionoidea) have shown an unusual organization of spermatozoa, in which they are arranged antiparallelly within the testicular cysts. Despite such works, many taxa of Tenebrionoidea remain to be studied, including the minute tree-fungus beetles (Ciidae). Among the challenges in the study of the internal morphology of ciids is their small ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101088
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101088

95. A review of the hexapod tracheal system with a focus on the apterygote groups

Author:: Kathleen Dittrich; Benjamin Wipfler
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.63 pp. 101072
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Archaeognatha; Collembola; Diplura; Protura; Zygentoma; arthropods; spiracles
Abstract:: ... Respiratory systems are key innovations for the radiation of terrestrial arthropods. It is therefore surprising that there is still a considerable lack of knowledge. In this review of the available information on tracheal systems of hexapods (with a focus on the apterygote lineages Protura, Collembola, Diplura, Archaeognatha and Zygentoma), we summarize available data on the spiracles (number, pos ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101072
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101072

96. The tracheal system in the stick insect prothorax and prothoracic legs: Homologies to Orthoptera and relations to mechanosensory functions

Author:: Johannes Strauß
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.63 pp. 101074
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Carausius morosus; Tettigoniidae; arthropods; hemolymph; legs; lung function; spiracles; tibia
Abstract:: ... Arthropod respiration depends on the tracheal system running from spiracles at the body surface through the body and appendages. Here, three species of stick insects (Carausius morosus, Ramulus artemis, Sipyloidea sipylus) are investigated for the tracheae in the prothorax and foreleg. The origin of the tracheae from the mesothoracic spiracle that enter the foreleg is identified: five tracheae ori ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101074
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101074

97. The tracheal system of scutigeromorph centipedes and the evolution of respiratory systems of myriapods

Author:: Gero Hilken; Jörg Rosenberg; Gregory D. Edgecombe; Valentin Blüml; Jörg U. Hammel; Anja Hasenberg; Andy Sombke
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.60 pp. 101006
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Scutigera coleoptrata; arthropods; branching; evolution; fossils; hemocyanin; interspecific variation; light; micro-computed tomography; microscopy; oxygen; shape; spiracles; width
Abstract:: ... The tracheal system of scutigeromorph centipedes (Chilopoda) is special, as it consists of dorsally arranged unpaired spiracles. In this study, we investigate the tracheal systems of five different scutigeromorph species. They are strikingly similar to each other but depict unique characters compared to the tracheal systems of pleurostigmophoran centipedes, which has engendered an ongoing debate o ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.101006
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101006

98. The ultrastructure of sperm and female sperm storage organs in the water strider Gerris lacustris L. (Heteroptera) and a possible example of genital coevolution

Author:: Romano Dallai; Pietro Paolo Fanciulli; Pietro Lupetti; David Mercati
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.61 pp. 101043
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Gerris; acrosome; arthropods; coevolution; epithelium; females; flagellum; males; mitochondria; plasma membrane; resorption; ultrastructure
Abstract:: ... The fine structural organization of the male and the female inner reproductive apparatuses of the water-strider Gerris lacustris was studied. The sperm of the species shows a long helicoidal acrosome provided with longitudinal tubules, and a short nucleus. The flagellum is characterized by crescent mitochondrial derivatives and a 9 + 9 + 2 axoneme, as occurs in all Heteroptera. The female reproduc ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101043
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101043

99. The wing venation of a new fossil species, reconstructed using geometric morphometrics, adds to the rare fossil record of Triassic Gondwanian Odonata

Author:: Isabelle Deregnaucourt; Jérémie Bardin; John M. Anderson; Olivier Béthoux
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2021 v.63 pp. 101056
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Triassic period; Zygoptera; arthropods; basins; fossils; geometry; insects; morphometry; wings; South Africa
Abstract:: ... Probably the most common rock-imprint fossil-insect remain is an incomplete isolated wing. This pitfall has been traditionally addressed by manually reconstructing missing parts, which is not ideal to comprehend long-term evolutionary trends in the group, in particular for morphological diversity (i.e., disparity) approaches. Herein we describe a new Triassic relative of dragon- and damselflies (O ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2021.101056
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2021.101056

100. Anatomical and ultrastructural analysis of the posterior optic tubercle in the locust Schistocerca gregaria

Author:: Martina Held; Kim Le; Uta Pegel; Florian Dersch; M. Jerome Beetz; Keram Pfeiffer; Uwe Homberg
Source:: Arthropod structure & development 2020 v.58 pp. 100971
ISSN:: 1467-8039
Subject:: Schistocerca gregaria; arthropods; electron microscopy; light; locusts; neurons
Abstract:: ... Locusts, like other insects, partly rely on a sun compass mechanism for spatial orientation during seasonal migrations. To serve as a useful guiding cue throughout the day, however, the sun's apparent movement has to be accounted for. In locusts, a neural pathway from the accessory medulla, the circadian pacemaker, via the posterior optic tubercle, to the protocerebral bridge, part of the internal ...
DOI:: 10.1016/j.asd.2020.100971
: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.100971

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1. Biotremology: Vibrational communication of Psylloidea

2. Characterization of preimaginal developmental stages of two cryptic South African species of the Merodon planifacies complex (Diptera: Syrphidae: Eristalinae: Merodontini), with differentiation through morphometry analysis

3. Comparative morphology of antennal ultrastructure in Tachinidae parasitoid flies (Diptera): The phylogenetic importance of antennal sensilla

4. Distal leg structures of Zoraptera – did the loss of adhesive devices curb the chance of diversification?

5. Do the different life history strategies of ants and honeybees determine fat body morphology?

6. Effect of vibrational mating disruption on flight activity and oviposition to control the grapevine pest, Scaphoideustitanus

7. Evolutionary morphology of coxal musculature in Pseudoscorpiones (Arachnida)

8. Exploration of the homology among the muscles associated with the female genitalia of the three suborders of Psocodea (Insecta)

9. Histology and ultrastructure of glands associated with the sting apparatus of the swarm-founding wasp Protopolybia exigua (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae)

10. Impacts of development and adult sex on brain cell numbers in the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

11. Innervation of the southern green stink bug [Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)] stylet bundle

12. Larval and adult digestive tract of the carrion beetle Oxelytrum discicolle (Brullé, 1840) (Coleoptera: Silphidae)

13. Like parent, like child – Ontogenetic development of claws of intertidal arthropods (Acari, Oribatida) from different ecological niches

14. Low radiodensity μCT scans to reveal detailed morphology of the termite leg and its subgenual organ

15. Metamorphosis and denucleation of the brain in the miniature wasp Megaphragma viggianii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

16. Minute workers and large soldiers in the subterranean ant Carebara perpusilla: Musculoskeletal consequences of Haller's rule in the thorax

17. Morphological description of the midgut tract and midgut–hindgut junction in the larvae of the spider crab Maja brachydactyla Balss, 1922 (Malacostraca: Decapoda)

18. Morphology and evolution of the mesopleuron in Bethylidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) mapped on a molecular phylogeny

19. Morphology and ultrastructure of the infrabuccal pocket in Strumigenys ants

20. Morphology and ultrastructure of the prepharyngeal and pharyngeal glands in the ant Camponotus japonicus

21. Morphometric tools to solve species complexes: The case of Rhagovelia angustipes (Hemiptera: Veliidae)

22. Mouthpart structure of the adult Bicaubittacus appendiculatus () (Mecoptera: Bittacidae)

23. Much more than hooked: Setal adaptations for camouflage in Macrocoeloma trispinosum (Latreille, 1825) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura)

24. Pleopodal lung development in a terrestrial isopod, Porcellio scaber (Oniscidea)

25. Presence of morphological integration and modularity of the forcipular apparatus in Lithobius melanops (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha: Lithobiidae)

26. Rustling ants: Vibrational communication performed by two Camponotus species in Borneo

27. Semi-automated differentiation of insect exo- and endocuticle in X-ray microtomography

28. Seminal fluid and spermatophore production in a western Atlantic invasive swimming crab, Charybdis hellerii, reveals a different pattern to Portunoidea

29. Slit sense organ distribution on the legs of two species of orb-weaving spider (Araneae: Araneidae)

30. Their young bite better: On- and off-host selection pressure as drivers for evolutionary-developmental modification in Rhipicephalus ticks

31. Thoracic crop formation is spatiotemporally coordinated with flight muscle histolysis during claustral colony foundation in Lasius japonicus queens

32. Ultrastructure and distribution of sensory receptors on the nonolfactory organs of the soldier caste in subterranean termite (Coptotermes spp.)

33. Vibration detection in arthropods: Signal transfer, biomechanics and sensory adaptations

34. An anatomical and ultrastructural study of the eye of the luminescent millipede Paraspirobolus lucifugus (Gervais 1836) (Diplopoda, Spirobolida, Spiroboleliidae)

35. The evolution of head size hypoallometry: Biomechanical implications and brain investment as a possible cause

36. The interna of the rhizocephalan Peltogaster reticulata: Comparative morphology and ultrastructure

37. The larval scaffold controls fascicle number but is not required for formation of the dorsolongitudinal flight muscles in Manduca sexta

38. The mouthparts and sensilla of the adult tomato leafminer moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

39. The mouthparts of the Aradidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera)

40. The sperm ultrastructure of members of basal Tenebrionoidea (Coleoptera)

41. The ultrastructure of the intramandibular gland in soldiers of the termite Machadotermes rigidus (Blattodea: Termitidae: Apicotermitinae)

42. Anatomy and histology of the alimentary canal of larvae and adults of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

43. Coevolution between female seminal receptacle and sperm morphology in the semiaquatic measurer bug Hydrometra stagnorum L. (Heteroptera, Hydrometridae)

44. Comparative morphology and evolution of the cranial musculature in bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

45. Comparative morphology of scorpion metasomata: Muscles and cuticle

46. Convergent evolution of optic lobe neuropil in Pancrustacea

47. Coupling wings with movable hooks – resilin in the wing-interlocking structures of honeybees

48. Crucial role of framework with cytoskeletal actin filaments for shaping microstructure of footpad setae in the ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis

49. Differentiation between left and right wing stridulatory files in the field cricket Gryllus bimaculatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

50. Do holometabolous insects molt spontaneously after adulthood? An exceptional case report in fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), with discussion of its inferred endocrine regulation especially in relation to neoteny

51. Dorsal setae in Raoiella (Acari: Tenuipalpidae): Their functional morphology and implication in fluid secretion

52. Egg structure of five antarctoperlarian stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera, Antarctoperlaria)

53. Evidence for wing development in the Late Palaeozoic Palaeodictyoptera revisited

54. External structures of the metathoracic scent gland efferent system in the true bug superfamily Pyrrhocoroidea (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha)

55. Female reproductive system and oogenesis in the mite Bakericheyla chanayi

56. Genealogical relationships of mushroom bodies, hemiellipsoid bodies, and their afferent pathways in the brains of Pancrustacea: Recent progress and open questions

57. Growth temperature effect on mandibles’ ontogeny and sexual dimorphism in the ambrosia beetle Xyleborus affinis (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

58. Is Potimirim potimirim (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae) a protandric hermaphrodite species? Behavioral and morphological aspects of the reproductive system

59. Making the grade: Physiological adaptations to terrestrial environments in decapod crabs

60. Metamorphosis of the central nervous system of Trichogramma telengai (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

61. More than one way to smell ashore – Evolution of the olfactory pathway in terrestrial malacostracan crustaceans

62. Morphological adaptations to silk production by adult females in the pollen wasp genus Quartinia (Masarinae, Vespidae) – a keystone character for ground nesting in dry sand habitats

63. Morphology and ultrastructure of the epithelial femoral gland in cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)

64. Morphology and ultrastructure of the spermatozoa of Lonchoptera lutea Panzer, 1809 (Diptera: Lonchopteridae)

65. Morphology of sting apparatus of Chrysidoidea (Hymenoptera, Aculeata)

66. Morphology of the novel ventral scape gland in the ant genus Strumigenys

67. Mouthparts of nectar-feeding Tanyderidae (Insecta: Diptera): lapping and siphoning

68. Multi-instrumental techniques for evaluating butterfly structural colors: A case study on Polyommatus bellargus (Rottemburg, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae)

69. Oscillating waves of Fox, Cyclin and CDK gene expression indicate unique spatiotemporal control of cell cycling during nervous system development in onychophorans

70. Outsourcing a visual neuropil – The central visual system of the median eyes of Galeodes granti Pocock, 1903 (Arachnida: Solifugae)