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1. Assessment of maternal immunity against Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg in progeny of broiler breeders vaccinated with different formulations of bacterins

Author:
Mailson da Silva Teixeira; Dayse Helena Lages; Victória Veiga Alves; Nelson Rodrigo da Silva Martins; Oliveiro Caetano de Freitas Neto
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.2 pp. 197-205
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Salmonella Heidelberg; broiler breeders; cecum; excretion; flocks; gastrointestinal diseases; liver; maternal immunity; progeny; spleen; vaccination; vaccines
Abstract:
... Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) has been reported in broiler flocks of many countries. The ability of some SH strains of poultry origin to cause foodborne infections in humans is a concern. Usually, infection of broiler flocks by SH occurs in the first days of life. Therefore, control measures should start early post-hatch. One of the strategies is to generate high titres of anti-Salmonella IgY in bree ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2039592

2. Bone quality and composition are influenced by egg production, layer line, and oestradiol-17ß in laying hens

Author:
Beryl Katharina Eusemann; Reiner Ulrich; Estefania Sanchez-Rodriguez; Cristina Benavides-Reyes; Nazaret Dominguez-Gasca; Alejandro B. Rodriguez-Navarro; Stefanie Petow
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.3 pp. 267-282
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; animal welfare; deslorelin acetate; egg production; histology; infrared spectroscopy; keel bone; mineralization; oviposition; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Keel bone fractures are a serious animal welfare problem in laying hens. The aim of the current study was to assess the influence of egg production, oestradiol-17ß, and selection for high laying performance on bone quality. Hens of two layer lines differing in laying performance (WLA: 320 eggs per year, G11: 200 eggs per year) were allocated to four treatment groups. Group S received a deslorelin ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2050671

3. Characterization and pathogenicity of a novel avian nephritis virus isolated in China

Author:
Lijuan Yin; Qi Zhou; Jianfei Huang; Kaijie Mai; Zhuanqiang Yan; Xiaona Wei; Hanqin Shen; Qunhui Li; Li Chen; Qingfeng Zhou
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.1 pp. 87-96
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Avian nephritis virus; cell culture; coat proteins; feces; flocks; fluorescent antibody technique; genome; genomics; genotype; mortality; nephritis; pathogenicity; phylogeny; poultry industry; viruses; China
Abstract:
... Avian nephritis virus infections of chicken flocks cause enteric and kidney disease, uneven growth, and runting stunting syndrome, leading to economic losses in the poultry industry. In this study, one ANV strain, designated as AH202017, was isolated from a diseased broiler flock in Anhui province, China, in 2020. Virus production in LMH cell culture was confirmed by real-time RT–PCR and immunoflu ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.2006605

4. Considerations for rapid development and licencing of conventional and platform technology veterinary vaccines

Author:
Michael James Francis
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.2 pp. 107-112
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
COVID-19 infection; birds; markets; poultry; vaccine development; vaccines
Abstract:
... The threat posed by zoonotic diseases and other livestock pathogens has never been greater, and thus we must do all we can to learn from experience in order to tackle emerging disease threats. The process of developing a new veterinary vaccine involves the generation of a specific set of data in order to meet the strict product licencing requirements of regulatory approval bodies around the globe. ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2046703

5. Detection and molecular characterization of a new genotype of infectious bursal disease virus in Portugal

Author:
Matteo Legnardi; Giovanni Franzo; Claudia Maria Tucciarone; Konstantinos Koutoulis; Isabel Duarte; Marco Silva; Bertrand Le Tallec; Mattia Cecchinato
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.1 pp. 97-105
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
DNA-directed RNA polymerase; Infectious bursal disease virus; amino acids; coat proteins; double-stranded RNA; evolution; genes; genotype; immunosuppression; pathogens; serotypes; virulence; Portugal
Abstract:
... Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is an immunosuppressive pathogen with a bi-segmented, double-stranded RNA genome. Two serotypes, named 1 and 2, are recognized, and serotype 1 is traditionally divided into classical, variant and very virulent strains. Despite having great practical relevance, this classification lacks standardization and may therefore generate confusion. The widespread adopt ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.2006606

6. Differential expression of microRNAs in the caecal content and faeces of broiler chickens experimentally infected with Eimeria

Author:
Jonathan Williams; Francesca Soutter; Caela Burrell; Shayara Fernando; Dong Xia; Jennifer Irving; Sarah Williams-McDonald; Sungwon Kim; Damer P. Blake
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.4 pp. 395-405
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
cecum; coccidiosis; feces; gastrointestinal diseases; gene expression regulation; humans; microRNA; morbidity; mortality; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; t-test
Abstract:
... Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria spp. incurs significant morbidity and mortality in chickens, and is thus of great economic importance. Post-mortem intestinal lesion scoring remains one of the most common means of diagnosis; therefore alternative, non-invasive methods of diagnosis and monitoring would be highly desirable. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be stable in faeces of human and animal ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2076581

7. Effects of compound probiotics on intestinal barrier function and caecum microbiota composition of broilers

Author:
Yunhui Wu; Fan Yang; Wenjuan Jiang; Aiming Hu; Zhiwei Xiong; Shuqiu Yang; Panpan Cao; Zhanyou Cao; Zhonghua Xiong; Huabin Cao
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.5 pp. 465-475
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Phascolarctobacterium; amino acid metabolism; antioxidant activity; birds; blood serum; carbohydrate metabolism; cecum; diet; gene expression; growth performance; histopathology; hydrogen peroxide; jejunum; livestock; malondialdehyde; occludins; oxidative stress; probiotics; superoxide dismutase; tight junctions; villi
Abstract:
... Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms existing in nature and animals and can be used in livestock and poultry breeding. Here, 240 1-day-old Arbor Acre (AA) broilers were used to study the effects of compound probiotics (CP) on antioxidant capacity, intestinal barrier function and caecum microorganisms. 2‰, 3‰ or 4‰ CP were added to the basal diet. Blood, jejunum, caecum and caecum contents of b ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2100740

8. Efficacy of passive immunization in broiler chicks via an inactivated Escherichia coli autogenous vaccine administered to broiler breeder hens

Author:
Alassane Keita; Laetitia Le Devendec; Michel Amelot; Julie Puterflam; Camille Lucas; Stéphanie Bougeard; Sabine Delannoy; Catherine Schouler; Patrick Fach; Pierrick Lucas; Rozenn Souillard; Isabelle Kempf
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.5 pp. 445-456
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Escherichia coli; appropriate level of protection; autogenous vaccines; broiler breeders; chicks; egg production; inoculum; models; morbidity; mortality; pathogens; sodium chloride; specific pathogen-free animals; vaccination; virulence
Abstract:
... Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) cause extra-intestinal infections called colibacillosis, which is the dominant bacterial disease in broilers. To date, given the diversity of APEC strains and the need for an acceptable level of protection in day-old chicks, no satisfactory commercial vaccine is available. As part of a French nationwide project, we selected three representative strains amon ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2084362

9. Extracting turkey coronaviruses from the intestinal lumen of infected turkey embryos yields full genome data with good coverage by NGS

Author:
Alexandre Flageul; Céline Courtillon; Chantal Allée; Aurélie Leroux; Yannick Blanchard; Yves Deleforterie; Béatrice Grasland; Paul Alun Brown
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.3 pp. 291-294
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Orthocoronavirinae; RNA; birds; cost effectiveness; homogenization; intestines; viral genome
Abstract:
... Currently, turkey coronaviruses (TCoV) are isolated from homogenized intestines of experimentally infected embryos to ensure a maximum recovery of viral particles from all components of the intestines. However, the process of homogenization also ensures release of a significant amount of cellular RNAs into the sample that hinders downstream viral genome sequencing. This is especially the case for ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2046701

10. First detection of avian metapneumovirus subtype C Eurasian lineage in a Eurasian wigeon (Mareca penelope) wintering in Northeastern Italy: an additional hint on the role of migrating birds in the viral epidemiology

Author:
Giulia Graziosi; Giulia Mescolini; Flavio Silveira; Caterina Lupini; Claudia M. Tucciarone; Giovanni Franzo; Mattia Cecchinato; Matteo Legnardi; Federica Gobbo; Calogero Terregino; Elena Catelli
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.3 pp. 283-290
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Anas penelope; Avian metapneumovirus; Charadriiformes; Influenza A virus; Passeriformes; avifauna; epidemiology; glycoproteins; migratory behavior; monitoring; phylogeny; poultry industry; surveys; Black Sea; Italy
Abstract:
... Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) economically affects the global poultry industry causing respiratory and reproductive disorders. Considering the paucity of data on aMPV occurrence in European free-ranging avifauna, a molecular survey was conducted on wild birds of 23 species belonging to the orders Anseriformes, Charadriiformes or Passeriformes, captured alive and sampled in Northeast Italy as part o ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2051429

11. Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of novel chicken astrovirus in China

Author:
Qingdong Luan; Yijun Han; Yanbo Yin; Jianlin Wang
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.5 pp. 488-498
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Chicken astrovirus; chickens; chicks; genetic variation; genome; gout; kidneys; liver; mortality; pathogenicity; pericardium; phylogeny; specific pathogen-free animals; China
Abstract:
... Five novel chicken astrovirus (CAstV) strains, designated ZDF, MHC, WSC, WSW and MHW, were successfully isolated from chickens with gout, and were subjected to full genome sequencing characterization and tested for their pathogenic effects in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos and chickens. The complete genomes of the five isolated strains were approximately 7436 nt to 7511 nt in length. ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2102966

12. High specificity of the Salmonella Pullorum/Gallinarum rapid plate agglutination test despite vaccinations against Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium

Author:
Christiaan ter Veen; Anneke Feberwee; Marieke Augustijn; Sjaak de Wit
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.1 pp. 19-25
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
O-antigens; Salmonella Enteritidis; Salmonella Gallinarum; Salmonella Pullorum; Salmonella Typhimurium; agglutination; agglutination tests; birds; blood serum; diagnostic specificity; flocks; vaccination; Europe
Abstract:
... In Europe, monitoring of breeding stock for Salmonella Pullorum (SP) or Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) infections is compulsory at the point of lay. Vaccinations against Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) and Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) are increasingly administered in Europe. These vaccines might induce cross-reactions in the rapid plate agglutination (RPA) SP/SG test due to shared O-antigens, possibly resu ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1990854

13. Isolation of genotype VII avian orthoavulavirus serotype 1 from barn owl from Northeast India

Author:
Shubham Gaurav; Pankaj Deka; Sangeeta Das; Pubaleem Deka; Ritam Hazarika; Parikshit Kakati; Aman Kumar; Sachin Kumar
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.1 pp. 45-50
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Avian orthoavulavirus 1; Tyto alba; barns; captive animals; genes; nucleotide sequences; phylogeny; serotypes; subgenotype; vaccines; virulent strains; India; Indonesia
Abstract:
... Newcastle disease virus (NDV) affects commercial poultry as well as other avian species in the wild and in captivity. Although the diversity of NDV in domestic chickens has been well understood, little light has been shed on NDV outbreaks in other avian species. We provide an annotated sequence of NDV/Owl/Guwahati/01/20, a virulent strain of NDV isolated from barn owls in captivity from Guwahati i ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1999388

14. Molecular characterization of chicken astrovirus from high embryonic mortality, based on the capsid protein (ORF2) gene, in Brazil

Author:
David De la Torre; Claudete S. Astolfi-Ferreira; Ruy D. Chacón; Antonio J. Piantino Ferreira
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.5 pp. 457-464
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Chicken astrovirus; amino acids; capsid; chicks; coat proteins; embryonic mortality; feces; genes; green chemistry; immune response; peptides; poultry; prediction; viruses; Asia; Brazil; Canada; Europe
Abstract:
... In recent years, reports of chicken astrovirus (CAstV) infections in commercial birds have increased, affecting the poultry industries in Brazil and worldwide. The objective of this study was to use molecular methods to characterize the CAstV found in one breeding and three different incubation companies that reported increased embryonic mortality and the appearance of birds with white chick syndr ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2098691

15. Neuronal satellitosis is a common finding in the avian brain

Author:
Giuseppe Giglia; Gianfilippo Agliani; Elvio Lepri; Erika Baldoni; Marco Gobbi; Renato Ceccherelli; Andrea Gröne; Judith M. A. van den Brand; Maria Teresa Mandara
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.4 pp. 381-387
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Charadriiformes; Passeriformes; brain; nervous system diseases; neurons; satellites
Abstract:
... Perineuronal or neuronal satellitosis is the term describing the presence of glial cells in the satellite space surrounding the neuronal perikaryon. Confusingly, this finding has been described both as a physiologic and pathologic condition in humans and animals. In animals, neuronal satellitosis has been described in mammals, as well as in avian species. For the latter, the authors wondered wheth ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2073193

16. Omics technologies in poultry health and productivity - part 1: current use in poultry research

Author:
Tessa Dehau; Richard Ducatelle; Filip Van Immerseel; Evy Goossens
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.5 pp. 407-417
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
DNA; RNA; biomarkers; chickens; disease resistance; genes; intestinal microorganisms; metabolites; metabolomics; metagenomics; multiomics; physiology; poultry health; poultry production; proteomics; transcriptomics
Abstract:
... In biology, molecular terms with the suffix “-omics” refer to disciplines aiming at the collective characterization of pools of molecules derived from different layers (DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites) of living organisms using high-throughput technologies. Such omics analyses have been widely implemented in poultry research in recent years. This first part of a bipartite review on omics technolog ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2086447

17. Phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) from broiler breeder flocks between 2009 and 2018

Author:
João Marco Oliveira; Margarida Fonseca Cardoso; Fernando A. Moreira; Alexandra Müller
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.4 pp. 388-394
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Escherichia coli; amoxicillin; antibiotic resistance; apramycin; broiler breeders; doxycycline; enrofloxacin; florfenicol; flumequine; linear models; multiple drug resistance; neomycin; phenotype; poultry production; regression analysis; tetracycline; therapeutics; Portugal
Abstract:
... Colibacillosis is one of the most important diseases in poultry production. The use of antimicrobials remains a therapeutic cornerstone for avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), thereby contributing to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The aim of this study was to characterize AMR in broiler breeder flocks reared under commercial conditions. Data covering 10 years, from 2009 to 2018, w ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2074816

18. Short-term and long-term effects of antimicrobial use on antimicrobial resistance in broiler and turkey farms

Author:
Lapo Mughini-Gras; Dario Pasqualin; Jacopo Tarakdjian; Andrea Santini; Giovanni Cunial; Francesca Tonellato; Eliana Schiavon; Guido Di Martino
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.2 pp. 120-128
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Escherichia coli; ampicillin; antibiotic resistance; ciprofloxacin; equations; farm size; farms; flocks; regression analysis; sulfamethoxazole; tetracycline; trimethoprim; Italy
Abstract:
... Antimicrobials have been widely used in poultry, promoting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emergence and spread. Resistant bacteria selected by antimicrobial use (AMU) can contaminate the farm environment and transfer resistance genes to other bacteria, providing opportunities for persistence and (re-)colonization of subsequent flocks and potentially jeopardizing antimicrobial treatments. We invest ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.2007850

19. Study on the mechanism of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection on chicken tracheal mucosa injury

Author:
Chunlin Wu; Lemiao Zhong; Ligen Zhang; Wenji Li; Binhui Liu; Baoqin Huang; Zhongbao Luo; Yijian Wu
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.4 pp. 361-373
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Mycoplasma gallisepticum; chickens; chicks; gene expression regulation; immune response; immunohistochemistry; inflammation; mucosa; myosin light chains; phosphorylation; poultry industry; respiratory tract diseases; sequence analysis; specific pathogen-free animals; tight junctions; transcriptome; transcriptomics
Abstract:
... Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a pathogenic microorganism that causes serious harm to the poultry industry. It is mainly adsorbed on the cilia and mucosa of respiratory epithelial cells, causing tracheal mucosal damage or cilia loss, resulting in chronic respiratory disease. In order to study the effect of MG infection on chicken tracheal mucosa injury and explore its possible mechanism, specifi ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2068997

20. The inactivated infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccine used as booster in layer hens influences the breadth of protection against challenge with IBV variants

Author:
J. J. (Sjaak) de Wit; Peter De Herdt; Jane K. A. Cook; Marianna Andreopoulou; Irene Jorna; H. C. (Rik) Koopman
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.3 pp. 244-256
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Infectious bronchitis virus; antigens; egg production; live vaccines; vaccination; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... To achieve long term protection of laying and breeding hens against aberrant egg production caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a vaccination programme incorporating both live-attenuated and inactivated IBV vaccines is required. High quality IBV vaccines of both types are widely available, but the number of IBV variants of global importance continues to increase and it is not possible to ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2040731

21. A multiplex real-time PCR assay for differential identification of avian Chlamydia

Author:
O.-Mi Lee; Hye-Jin Lee; Sung-Il Kang; Ji-Yeon Jeong; Yong-Kuk Kwon; Min-Su Kang
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.2 pp. 164-170
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Chlamydia; Chlamydophila psittaci; birds; chronic diseases; genome; psittacosis; quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Abstract:
... Avian chlamydiosis is an acute or chronic disease of birds after infection by Chlamydia. Although Chlamydia psittaci is the primary agent of the disease, two additional species, Chlamydia avium and Chlamydia gallinacea, have also been recognized as potential disease agents. Therefore, the diagnosis of avian chlamydiosis requires differential identification of these avian Chlamydia species. The obj ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2031882

22. A preliminary study of the localization of infectious laryngotracheitis virus glycoprotein E within specific peripheral blood lymphocytes

Author:
Shahid Nazir; Richard P. G. Charlesworth; Pierre D. J. Moens; Awol M. Assen; Stephen W. Walkden-Brown; Priscilla F. Gerber
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.2 pp. 141-145
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
B-lymphocytes; DNA; Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1; antigens; cell structures; density gradient centrifugation; erythrocytes; fluorescence; glycoproteins; macrophages; monocytes; virulence; viruses
Abstract:
... Infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) DNA has been detected in blood fractions, but the cell phenotype with which the virus is associated is unknown. This study investigated the presence of ILTV antigen in peripheral blood cells of six acutely ILTV-infected chickens (5 or 9 days post ocular inoculation with a virulent isolate) and three sham-inoculated chickens using immunofluorescent staining ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.2015062

23. Advances, challenges and future applications of avian intestinal in vitro models

Author:
Tessa Nash; Lonneke Vervelde
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.4 pp. 317-329
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
birds; homeostasis; intestines; models; poultry; probiotics
Abstract:
... There is a rapidly growing interest in how the avian intestine is affected by dietary components and probiotic microorganisms, as well as its role in the spread of infectious diseases in both the developing and developed world. A paucity of physiologically relevant models has limited research in this essential field of poultry gut health and led to an over-reliance on the use of live birds for exp ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2084363

24. Age-dependent development and clinical characteristics of an experimental parrot bornavirus-4 (PaBV-4) infection in cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus)

Author:
Anna Maria Gartner; Jessica Link; Bianca Bücking; Dirk Enderlein; Sibylle Herzog; Jana Petzold; Sara Malberg; Christiane Herden; Michael Lierz
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.2 pp. 138-150
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Bornavirus; adults; antibody formation; antigens; brain; carrier state; histopathology; immune system; immunohistochemistry; inflammation; intravenous injection; juveniles; parrots; pathogens; proventriculus; septicemia; seroconversion; viruses
Abstract:
... Parrot bornavirus (PaBV) is a pathogen often found in psittacine populations. Infected, clinically healthy carrier birds are of major importance for epidemiology, but the underlying pathomechanism of this carrier status is poorly understood. The age, implying the maturation status of the immune system, at the time of infection might be significant for the clinical outcome. Therefore, two groups of ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2020.1852177

25. Antimicrobial susceptibility, plasmid replicon typing, phylogenetic grouping, and virulence potential of avian pathogenic and faecal Escherichia coli isolated from meat chickens in Australia

Author:
L. Awawdeh; C. Turni; J. L. Mollinger; J. Henning; R. N. Cobbold; D. J. Trott; D. L. Wakeham; J. S. Gibson
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.4 pp. 349-360
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Escherichia coli; antibiotic resistance; cephalosporins; fluoroquinolones; genes; industry; meat; morbidity; mortality; multilocus sequence typing; phylogeny; plasmids; poultry production; replicon; virulence; Australia
Abstract:
... Globally, avian colibacillosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, associated with economic losses and welfare problems. Here, clinical avian pathogenic E. coli isolates (CEC; n = 50) and faecal E. coli isolates from healthy (FEC; n = 187) Australian meat chickens collected between 2006 and 2014 were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, phylogenetic grouping, pl ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2065969

26. Avian metapneumovirus subtype B vaccination in commercial broiler chicks: heterologous protection and selected host transcription responses to subtype A or B challenge

Author:
Christopher Ball; Basim Manswr; Andreas Herrmann; Stephane Lemiere; Kannan Ganapathy
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.2 pp. 181-196
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Avian metapneumovirus; antibodies; cell-mediated immunity; egg production; gene expression; genes; immune response; interleukin-18; interleukin-6; lungs; respiratory tract diseases; transcription (genetics); vaccination; virulence
Abstract:
... Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) causes respiratory disease and drops in egg production in chickens, and is routinely controlled by vaccination. However, the host’s immune response to virulent challenge in vaccinated or unvaccinated broiler chickens is poorly characterized. We show that subtype B vaccination offers heterologous (subtype A challenge) and homologous (subtype B challenge) protection. Sub ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2036697

27. Characterization of Md5-BAC-REV-LTR virus as Marek’s disease vaccine in commercial meat-type chickens: protection and immunosuppression

Author:
C. Ellington; A. L. Cortes; N. M. Faiz; J. K. Mays; Aly Fadly; Robert F. Silva; I. M. Gimeno
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.6 pp. 490-499
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Reticuloendotheliosis virus; carcinogenicity; feathers; genome; immunosuppression; lymphatic system; serotypes; terminal repeat sequences; vaccination; vaccines; virulence; viruses
Abstract:
... Md5-BAC-REV-LTR is a recombinant Marek’s disease virus (MDV), with an insertion of the long terminal repeat (LTR) of reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) into the genome of the highly virulent MDV strain rMd5. It has been shown that Md5-BAC-REV-LTR does not induce tumours and confers high protection against challenge with MDV in 15 × 7 chickens. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1970108

28. Characterization of antibody response to an epitope spanning the haemagglutinin cleavage site of H7N9 subtype avian influenza virus for the differentiation of infected and vaccinated chickens

Author:
Zenglei Hu; Yanyan Zhang; Jiao Hu; Shunlin Hu; Xiufan Liu
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.4 pp. 330-338
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Influenza A virus; antibody formation; disease control; epitopes; hemagglutinins; influenza; peptides; vaccination; viruses; China
Abstract:
... H7N9 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) is endemic in poultry in China, and vaccination is used as the primary strategy for disease control. However, by current serological tests, monitoring H7N9 virus infection in vaccinated poultry is difficult because vaccine-induced antibodies are not readily distinguishable from field viruses. Therefore, a test differentiating infected and vaccinated animals ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2054308

29. Clinical expression, epidemiology, and monitoring of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae: an update

Author:
Anneke Feberwee; Sjaak de Wit; Remco Dijkman
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.1 pp. 2-18
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Mycoplasma gallisepticum; Mycoplasma synoviae; antibiotics; birds; poultry industry; virulence
Abstract:
... Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) are of clinical and economic importance for the global poultry industry. Many countries and integrations are involved in monitoring programmes to control both mycoplasma species. This review provides an extensive historic overview of the last seven decades on the development of the knowledge regarding the factors that influence the clinica ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1944605

30. Combining pangenome analysis to identify potential cross-protective antigens against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli

Author:
Zhuohao Wang; Xiangkuan Zheng; Genglin Guo; Yongyi Dong; Zhengjun Xu; Xiankai Wei; Xiangan Han; Yuqing Liu; Wei Zhang
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.1 pp. 66-75
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Escherichia coli; birds; blood serum; computer simulation; genome; immune response; pathogens; poultry; poultry industry; serotypes; subunit vaccines; vaccine development
Abstract:
... Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the bacterial pathogen of poultry colibacillosis, which causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry. The lack of an effective vaccine against multiple serotypes and the emergence of multi-resistant isolates have made the control of avian colibacillosis troublesome. To identify conserved potential vaccine candidates, 58 genomes of APEC were ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.2005240

31. Comparative pathogenesis of turkey reoviruses

Author:
Rahul Kumar; Tamer A. Sharafeldin; Nader M. Sobhy; Sagar M. Goyal; Robert E. Porter; Sunil K. Mor
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.5 pp. 435-444
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Reoviridae; arthritis; birds; body weight changes; enteritis; etiological agents; gene dosage; hepatitis; histology; industry; intestines; liver; pathogenesis; poults; spleen; tenosynovitis; viruses
Abstract:
... Turkey reoviruses have been implicated in multiple disease syndromes resulting in significant economic losses to the turkey industry. It has been known for decades that turkey enteric reovirus (TERV) is involved in poult enteritis complex, but turkey arthritis reovirus (TARV), the causative agent of tenosynovitis in turkeys, emerged in 2011. In 2019, we isolated reovirus from several cases of hepa ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2079474

32. Comparative pathogenicity of Malaysian variant and very virulent infectious bursal disease viruses in chickens

Author:
H. B. Aliyu; T. M. Hamisu; M. Hair Bejo; A. R. Omar; A. Ideris
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.1 pp. 76-86
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Infectious bursal disease virus; atrophy; death; histopathology; inflammation; mortality; necropsy; specific pathogen-free animals; viral load; virulence; Malaysia
Abstract:
... Variant infectious bursal disease virus (vaIBDV) has been identified in various countries with significant economic losses. Recently, the first identification of a variant strain in Malaysia was reported. The pathogenicities of the Malaysian variant, UPM1432/2019, and very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV), UPM1056/2018 strains were comparatively evaluated in specific-pathogen-free ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.2006604

33. Comparison of colourimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), PCR and high-resolution melt curve analysis and culture-based diagnostic assays in the detection of three salmonella serotypes in poultry

Author:
Mojdeh Sadat Ghorashi; Sameer Dinkar Pant; Seyed Ali Ghorashi
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.5 pp. 476-487
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Campylobacter; DNA; Enterobacter; Escherichia; Klebsiella; Pasteurella; Pseudomonas; Salmonella Enteritidis; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; bacterial culture; birds; detection limit; genotyping; humans; loop-mediated isothermal amplification; poultry; regulator genes; serotypes; transcription factors
Abstract:
... The accuracies of two molecular tests, PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay were compared with bacterial culture in detection of salmonella in poultry clinical samples. The icIR family transcriptional regulator gene was targeted and, out of 56 clinical specimens, 20 poultry field isolates were found positive for salmonella. Along with human isolates, reference strains of thr ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2101916

34. Comparison of iron chelators used alone or in combination with phlebotomy in common mynahs (Acridotheres tristis) with experimental iron storage disease

Author:
Niloofar Jalili; Mahdieh Zaeemi; Jamshid Razmyar; Mohammad Azizzadeh
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.4 pp. 350-356
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Acridotheres tristis; birds; blood; chelating agents; copper; deferoxamine; diet; homeostasis; iron; liver; therapeutics; zinc
Abstract:
... To compare the therapeutic effects of iron chelators used alone or in combination with phlebotomy on iron storage disease (ISD), 66 healthy common mynahs (Acridotheres tristis) were fed an iron-loading diet (3000 ppm) for 30 days. After confirmation of ISD, the birds were randomly divided into four treatment groups; DFO: deferoxamine (100 mg/kg SC q24 h), DFP: deferiprone (oral, 75 mg/kg), DFO + F ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1950621

35. Deciphering the role of ttrA and pduA genes for Salmonella enterica serovars in a chicken infection model

Author:
M. M. S. Saraiva; L. B. Rodrigues Alves; D. F. M. Monte; T. S. Ferreira; V. P. Benevides; F. O. Barbosa; O. C. Freitas Neto; A. M. Almeida; P. A. Barrow; A. Berchieri Junior
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.3 pp. 257-268
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Salmonella Enteritidis; cecum; excretion; inflammation; liver; metabolism; mice; mutants; serotypes; spleen; virulence
Abstract:
... Salmonella enterica serovars use self-induced intestinal inflammation to increase electron acceptor availability and to obtain a growth advantage in the host gut. There is evidence suggesting that the ability of Salmonella to use tetrathionate and 1,2-propanediol provides an advantage in murine infection. Thus, we present here the first study to evaluate both systemic infection and faecal excretio ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1909703

36. Description of the first isolates of guinea fowl corona and picornaviruses obtained from a case of guinea fowl fulminating enteritis

Author:
Céline Courtillon; François-Xavier Briand; Chantal Allée; Maud Contrant; Véronique Beven; Pierrick Lucas; Yannick Blanchard; Simon Mouchel; Nicolas Eterradossi; Yves Delforterie; Béatrice Grasland; Paul Brown
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.6 pp. 507-521
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Anativirus; Orthocoronavirinae; chickens; consensus sequence; enteritis; genome; guineafowl; internal ribosome entry sites; intestines; pathogenicity; pathogens; phylogeny; specific pathogen-free animals; viruses; France
Abstract:
... Guinea fowl fulminating enteritis has been reported in France since the 1970s. In 2014, a coronavirus was identified and appeared as a possible viral pathogen involved in the disease. In the present study, intestinal content from a guinea fowl involved in a new case of the disease in 2017 was analysed by deep sequencing, revealing the presence of a guinea fowl coronavirus (GfCoV) and a picornaviru ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1976725

37. Different kinetics of chicken interferon-alpha signalling transduction responses following immunization of broiler chickens with different Newcastle disease virus vaccines and infection with virulent genotype VIId strain

Author:
Ola Hassanin; Fatma Abdallah; Haytham A. Ali; Naif AlGabr; Mahmoud H. A. Mohamed
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.1 pp. 85-97
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Avian orthoavulavirus 1; Newcastle disease; cecum; cytokines; genotype; interferon-alpha; oils; poultry industry; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; spleen; subcutaneous injection; vaccination; vaccines; virulence; viruses
Abstract:
... Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a highly contagious and notifiable avian disease leading to grave economic losses in the poultry industry. Although the immune responses against NDV have been widely investigated, little is known regarding the virus interaction with the host innate immune responses. In this study, we tested the effect of different commercially applied Newcastle disease vaccines as ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2020.1841885

38. Efficacy of a turkey herpesvirus double construct vaccine (HVT-ND-IBD) against challenge with different strains of Newcastle disease, infectious bursal disease and Marek’s disease viruses

Author:
Marielle C.W. van Hulten; Julio Cruz-Coy; Linda Gergen; Henk Pouwels; Gerdy B. ten Dam; Iwan Verstegen; Ad de Groof; Mo Morsey; Ian Tarpey
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.1 pp. 18-30
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Avian orthoavulavirus 1; Infectious bursal disease virus; Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1; Newcastle disease; genes; infectious bursal disease; vaccination; vaccines; virulent strains
Abstract:
... A double construct vaccine of turkey herpesvirus (HVT) was prepared that contains the fusion (F) gene from Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and the viral protein 2 (VP2) gene from infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Safety of the vaccine (HVT-ND-IBD) was confirmed and efficacy was evaluated after subcutaneous (SC) vaccination at 1 day of age or the in ovo route of vaccination. Challenges were per ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2020.1828567

39. Epidemiological investigation of duck adenovirus 3 in southern China, during 2018–2020

Author:
Lijuan Yin; Qi Zhou; Kaijie Mai; Zhuanqiang Yan; Hanqin Shen; Qunhui Li; Li Chen; Qingfeng Zhou
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.2 pp. 171-180
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Anseriform dependoparvovirus 1; Duck hepatitis B virus; Escherichia coli; Muscovy; amino acids; ducks; epidemiological studies; genes; industry; kidneys; liver; mutants; oviposition; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; sequence analysis; waterfowl; China
Abstract:
... Duck adenovirus 3 (DAdV-3) has been identified as the causative agent of a disease characterized by swelling and haemorrhages in liver and kidney of Muscovy ducks, causing huge economic losses to the waterfowl industry in China. In this study, a total of 54 DAdV-3 outbreaks from 2018 to 2020 in China were monitored with samples being collected and analyzed. The hexon amino acid sequences of the 54 ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2034737

40. Gizzard erosions in broiler chickens in Sweden caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 1 (FAdV-1): investigation of outbreaks, including whole-genome sequencing of an isolate

Author:
Ylva Lindgren; Fereshteh Banihashem; Mikael Berg; Helena Eriksson; Siamak Zohari; Désirée S. Jansson
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.3 pp. 257-266
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Adenoviridae; bursa of Fabricius; cecum; chick embryos; discoloration; flocks; gizzard; histology; histopathology; inflammation; liver; mucosa; necropsy; nucleotide sequences; seroprevalence; serotypes; viral genome; Sweden
Abstract:
... The present paper describes the investigation of the first outbreaks of adenoviral gizzard erosions (AGE) in Sweden, in five broiler flocks. The investigation included whole viral genome sequencing and investigation of genomic organization and sequence relationships with other adenoviruses. All five flocks had a history of decreased growth and uneven size of birds since 9-10 days of age. Macroscop ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2048631

41. Hcp2b of T6SS affects colonization of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli and host keratin filament expression

Author:
Jian Tu; Xiao Shen; Zhe Chen; Manman Hou; Zichao Song; Huyan Jiang; Ying Shao; Kezong Qi; Xiangjun Song
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.2 pp. 154-163
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Escherichia coli; bacterial colonization; bacterial motility; biofilm; gene expression regulation; genes; keratin; kidneys; liver; lungs; mutants; mutation; proteomics; type VI secretion system; virulence
Abstract:
... T6SS (type VI secretion system) is a type of nano-syringe that exists in APEC (avian pathogenic Escherichia coli). Hcp (haemolysin-coregulated protein) of T6SS participates in the regulation of virulence during APEC infection. However, whether hcp plays a role in bacterial colonization by expression in host cells remains unclear. In this study, we analysed the biological characteristics of the mut ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2031881

42. Heat stress impairs egg production in commercial laying hens infected by fowl typhoid

Author:
Marcela da Silva Rubio; Lucas Bocchini Rodrigues Alves; Guilherme de Brito Viana; Valdinete Pereira Benevides; Túlio Spina de Lima; Taísa Santiago Ferreira; Adriana Maria de Almeida; Paul Andrew Barrow; Angelo Berchieri Junior
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.2 pp. 132-137
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Salmonella Gallinarum; ambient temperature; biosecurity; egg production; fowl typhoid; heat stress; immune response; liver; mortality; pathogens; spleen; synergism
Abstract:
... Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) is an avian-restricted pathogen that causes fowl typhoid in poultry. Although it has been reported frequently over many decades in poultry flocks worldwide, the microorganism is more commonly associated with poultry in developing countries, particularly those with high ambient temperatures, where the acute form of the disease results in considerable economic losses. A mo ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2020.1845302

43. Hepatoprotective effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v supplemented via drinking water against aflatoxin-induced liver damage

Author:
Abdolamir Allameh; Maryam Khanian; Mohammad-Amir Karimi-Torshizi; Ali Kalantari-Hesari
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.6 pp. 522-530
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Lactobacillus plantarum; aflatoxins; bile ducts; blood serum; diet; growth performance; hepatotoxicity; histology; histopathology; hyperplasia; inflammation; lactic acid bacteria; liver; males; necrosis; probiotics; therapeutics
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to examine the impact of intake of a lactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) on aflatoxin-induced hepatotoxicity in broilers. For this, broilers were intoxicated with dietary aflatoxins and simultaneously treated with live Lp299v in drinking water. One-day-old male broilers were divided into eight groups (n = 10/group) as follows. Aflatoxin groups fed ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1983153

44. In vitro susceptibility of Mycoplasma iowae isolates to antimicrobial agents

Author:
Dominika Buni; Lilla Udvari; Dorottya Földi; Nikolett Belecz; Cécile Yvon; Janet Bradbury; Salvatore Catania; Inna Lysnyansky; László Kovács; Miklós Gyuranecz; Zsuzsa Kreizinger
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.4 pp. 374-380
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Mycoplasma iowae; bacterial growth; bone formation; embryonic mortality; enrofloxacin; erythromycin; florfenicol; lincomycin; minimum inhibitory concentration; oxytetracycline; pathogens; spectinomycin; spiramycin; therapeutics; tiamulin; tylosin
Abstract:
... Mycoplasma iowae, a potential re-emerging avian pathogen mainly affecting turkeys, has been reported from many parts of the world. Poor hatchability, embryonic death, joint and skeletal abnormalities, poor ossification, runting-stunting, poor feathering and airsacculitis may be observed in infected flocks. The reduction of the severity of clinical signs and short-term control of M. iowae are perfo ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2072271

45. In vivo typing of Escherichia coli obtained from laying chickens with the E. coli peritonitis syndrome

Author:
W. J. M. Landman; G. J. Buter; R. Dijkman; J. H. H. van Eck
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.5 pp. 436-446
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Escherichia coli; White Leghorn; bone marrow; cecum; death; femur; lethal dose 50; mortality; pericardium; peritonitis; virulence
Abstract:
... Fourteen genetically different chicken Escherichia coli strains were biotyped in hens to examine if any E. coli strain at high dose can induce the E. coli peritonitis syndrome (EPS). Moreover, biotyping was performed in embryos and the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of three strains was determined in hens. Nine strains were obtained from femur marrow and one strain from caecum of hens that had died fro ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1962004

46. Infectious bursal disease virus’ interferences with host immune cells: what do we know?

Author:
Johanna Trapp; Silke Rautenschlein
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.4 pp. 303-316
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
B-lymphocytes; Infectious bursal disease virus; antibiotics; cell culture; chickens; cytokines; death; immunosuppression; mortality; transcriptomics; viruses
Abstract:
... Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) induces one of the most important immunosuppressive diseases in chickens leading to high economic losses due to increased mortality and condemnation rates, secondary infections and the need for antibiotic treatment. Over 400 publications have been listed on PubMed.gov in the last 5 years pointing out the research interest in this disease and the development o ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2080641

47. Infectious diseases in free-range compared to conventional poultry production

Author:
Paul McMullin
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.5 pp. 424-434
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
biosecurity; birds; cages; consumer demand; cost effectiveness; disease control; egg production; eggs; environmental enrichment; hygiene; meat; medicine; pathogens; poultry; systems engineering; vaccination
Abstract:
... Commercial chicken production for the supply of meat and eggs has expanded in the scale and variety of production systems in use to facilitate the supply of a range of cost-effective products in response to consumer demand. In the egg sector, traditional cage systems were required to be replaced in the EU by 2012, and most of this production capacity has been replaced by colony cage systems, which ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2022.2086448

48. Infectivity and pathobiology of H7N1 and H5N8 high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses for pigeons (Columba livia var. domestica)

Author:
R. Sánchez-González; A. Ramis; M. Nofrarías; N. Wali; R. Valle; M. Pérez; A. Perlas; N. Majó
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.1 pp. 98-106
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Columba livia; RNA; avian influenza; central nervous system; chickens; geese; mortality; necrosis; pathogenesis; pathogenicity; pigeons; pollution; risk; viral antigens; wildlife; China
Abstract:
... Avian influenza (AI) is one of the most important viral diseases in poultry, wildlife and humans. Available data indicate that pigeons play a minimum role in the epidemiology of AI. However, a degree of variation exists in the susceptibility of pigeons to highly pathogenic AI viruses (HPAIVs), especially since the emergence of the goose/Guangdong H5 lineage. Here, the pathogenesis of H5N8 HPAIV in ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2020.1832197

49. Isolation of Mycoplasma iowae in turkey flocks with skeletal abnormalities: a retrospective study

Author:
Marco Bottinelli; Elisabetta Stefani; Andrea Matucci; Mauro Dal Prà; Katia Capello; Alessandro Zotti; Salvatore Catania
Source:
Avian pathology 2021 v.50 no.3 pp. 277-284
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Mycoplasma iowae; cross-sectional studies; industry; necropsy; pathogens; probability; progeny; regression analysis; retrospective studies
Abstract:
... Mycoplasma iowae, a pathogen affecting the turkey industry, is commonly associated with decreased hatchability and leg abnormalities in young progeny. This Mycoplasma was in the spotlight more in the past than today since its prevalence has been decreasing over time. Reports of M. iowae in turkeys showing reduced growth performances, leg problems and skeletal abnormalities are scarce although ther ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1914816

50. Kurthia gibsonii, a novel opportunistic pathogen in poultry

Author:
Liča Lozica; Maja Maurić Maljković; Marin Mazić; Željko Gottstein
Source:
Avian pathology 2022 v.51 no.1 pp. 26-33
ISSN:
1465-3338
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Kurthia gibsonii; Kurthia zopfii; bone marrow; death; duodenum; farms; flocks; genes; genetic variation; liver; mixed infection; morbidity; mortality; necropsy; opportunistic pathogens; peritoneum; peritonitis; phylogeny; salpingitis; spleen
Abstract:
... Kurthia gibsonii [H. Kurth, 1883. Ueber Bacterium zopfii, eine neue Bakterienart. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft, 1, 97–100] was isolated on 10 unrelated laying hen farms over a period of 15 months. Farmers reported elevated morbidity and mortality rates, and suspected colibacillosis based on the necropsy findings. The most frequently found lesions were perihepatitis, fibrinous pe ...
DOI:
10.1080/03079457.2021.1993132