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1. 1H NMR Metabolomics Reveals Contrasting Response by Male and Female Mussels Exposed to Reduced Seawater pH, Increased Temperature, and a Pathogen

Author:
Ellis Robert P.; Spicer John I.; Byrne Jonathan J.; Sommer Ulf; Viant Mark R.; White Daniel A.; Widdicombe Steve
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.12 pp. 7044-7052
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Mytilus edulis; animal pathogenic bacteria; aquatic invertebrates; disease outbreaks; ecosystems; energy metabolism; females; humans; males; metabolome; metabolomics; mussels; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; ocean acidification; oceans; pH; seawater; stress response; temperature
Abstract:
... Human activities are fundamentally altering the chemistry of the world’s oceans. Ocean acidification (OA) is occurring against a background of warming and an increasing occurrence of disease outbreaks, posing a significant threat to marine organisms, communities, and ecosystems. In the current study, ¹H NMR spectroscopy was used to investigate the response of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, to a ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501601w

2. 54Mn Radiotracers Demonstrate Continuous Dissolution and Reprecipitation of Vernadite (δ-MnO2) during Interaction with Aqueous Mn(II)

Author:
Elzinga Evert J.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2016 v.50 no.16 pp. 8670-8677
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; electron transfer; manganese; mineralogy; pH
Abstract:
... ⁵⁴Mn radiotracers were used to assess Mn atom exchange between aqueous Mn(II) and vernadite (δ-MnO₂) at pH 5.0. Continuous solid–liquid redistribution of ⁵⁴Mn atoms occurred, and systems are near isotopic equilibrium after reaction for 3 months. Despite this extensive exchange, X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy data showed no major changes in vernadite bulk mineralogy. These resu ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b02874

3. ABTS as an Electron Shuttle to Enhance the Oxidation Kinetics of Substituted Phenols by Aqueous Permanganate

Author:
Song Yang; Jiang Jin; Ma Jun; Pang Su-Yan; Liu Yong-ze; Yang Yi; Luo Cong-wei; Zhang Jian-qiao; Gu Jia; Qin Wen
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.19 pp. 11764-11771
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aqueous solutions; cations; manganese; oxidation; pH; phenol; potassium permanganate
Abstract:
... In this study, it was, interestingly, found that 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonate (ABTS), a widely used electron shuttle, could greatly accelerate the oxidation of substituted phenols by potassium permanganate (Mn(VII)) in aqueous solutions at pH 5–9. This was attributed to the fact that these substituted phenols could be readily oxidized by the stable radical cation (ABTS•⁺), wh ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b03358

4. ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy Study of the Influence of pH and Contact Time on the Adhesion of Shewanella putrefaciens Bacterial Cells to the Surface of Hematite

Author:
Elzinga Evert J.; Huang Jen-How; Chorover Jon; Kretzschmar Ruben
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2012 v.46 no.23 pp. 12848-12855
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Shewanella putrefaciens; bacterial adhesion; biofilm; cell walls; hematite; pH; phosphates; sorption
Abstract:
... Attachment of live cells of Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN-32 to the surface of hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) was studied with in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy at variable pH (4.5–7.7) and contact times up to 24 h. The IR spectra indicate that phosphate based functional groups on the cell wall play an important role in mediating adhesion through formation of inner-sphere coordinative bonds to hematite surfac ...
DOI:
10.1021/es303318y

5. Abiotic Hydrolysis of Fluorotelomer-Based Polymers as a Source of Perfluorocarboxylates at the Global Scale

Author:
Washington John W.; Jenkins Thomas M.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.24 pp. 14129-14135
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
half life; hydrolysis; industry; pH; perfluorooctanoic acid; polymers
Abstract:
... Fluorotelomer-based polymers (FTPs) are the main product of the fluorotelomer industry. For nearly 10 years, whether FTPs degrade to form perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorocarboxylate (PFCA) homologues has been vigorously contested. Here we show that circum-neutral abiotic hydrolysis of a commercial FTP proceeds with half-life estimates of 55–89 years and that base-mediated hydrolysis overtak ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b03686

6. Abiotic Reduction Reactions of Dichloroacetamide Safeners: Transformations of “Inert” Agrochemical Constituents

Author:
Sivey John D.; Roberts A. Lynn
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2012 v.46 no.4 pp. 2187-2195
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Gibbs free energy; active ingredients; adsorption; agrochemicals; chlorine; chromium; goethite; hematite; herbicides; hydrogen; pH; reducing agents; toxicity
Abstract:
... Safeners are so-called “inert” constituents of herbicide formulations added to protect crops from the toxic effects of herbicides. We examined the reactivity of three dichloroacetamide safeners and 12 structural analogues [all neutral compounds of the form Cl₂CXC(=O)NRR′; X = H, Cl; R-groups include alkyl, branched alkyl, n-allyl, and cyclic moieties] in one homogeneous and two heterogeneous reduc ...
DOI:
10.1021/es203755h

7. Accelerated Catalytic Fenton Reaction with Traces of Iron: An Fe–Pd-Multicatalysis Approach

Author:
Georgi Anett; Velasco Polo Miriam; Crincoli Klara; Mackenzie Katrin; Kopinke Frank-Dieter
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2016 v.50 no.11 pp. 5882-5891
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
catalysts; deuterium; half life; hydrogen peroxide; hydroxyl radicals; iron; isotopes; models; oxidants; oxidation; pH; reducing agents; sludge
Abstract:
... An accelerated catalytic Fenton (ACF) reaction was developed based upon a multicatalysis approach, facilitating efficient contaminant oxidation at trace levels of dissolved iron. Beside the Feᴵᴵ/H₂O₂ catalyst/oxidant pair for production of OH-radicals, the ACF system contains Pd/H₂ as catalyst/reductant pair for fast reduction of Feᴵᴵᴵ back to Feᴵᴵ which accelerates the Fenton cycle and leads to f ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b01049

8. Acetonitrile and N-Chloroacetamide Formation from the Reaction of Acetaldehyde and Monochloramine

Author:
Kimura Susana Y.; Vu Trang Nha; Komaki Yukako; Plewa Michael J.; Mariñas Benito J.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.16 pp. 9954-9963
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acetaldehyde; acetonitrile; activation energy; amides; byproducts; chlorine; cytotoxicity; disinfection; drinking water; enthalpy; ethane; genotoxicity; lethal concentration 50; models; ozone; pH; water distribution
Abstract:
... Nitriles and amides are two classes of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (DBPs) associated with chloramination that are more cytotoxic and genotoxic than regulated DBPs. Monochloramine reacts with acetaldehyde, a common ozone and free chlorine disinfection byproduct, to form 1-(chloroamino)ethanol. Equilibrium (K₁) and forward and reverse rate (k₁,k–₁) constants for the reaction between initial ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b01875

9. Acid Rock Drainage Treatment Using Membrane Distillation: Impacts of Chemical-Free Pretreatment on Scale Formation, Pore Wetting, and Product Water Quality

Author:
Hull Eric J.; Zodrow Katherine R.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2017 v.51 no.20 pp. 11928-11934
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
distillation; drainage; electrolytes; geothermal energy; heat; heavy metals; hydrophobicity; iron oxyhydroxides; methodology; minerals; models; oxidation; pH; rivers; sulfates; temperature; vapors; wastewater; water quality; United States
Abstract:
... Acid rock drainage (ARD) is a metal-rich wastewater that forms upon oxidation of sulfidic minerals. Although ARD impacts >12,000 miles of rivers in the U.S. and has an estimated cleanup cost of $32–$72 billion, the low pH and high metal concentrations in ARD make rapid, high volume treatment without chemical addition difficult. This research focuses on a novel method of ARD treatment, membrane dis ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b02957

10. Acid Rock Drainage and Rock Weathering in Antarctica: Important Sources for Iron Cycling in the Southern Ocean

Author:
Dold B.; Gonzalez-Toril E.; Aguilera A.; Lopez-Pamo E.; Cisternas M. E.; Bucchi F.; Amils R.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2013 v.47 no.12 pp. 6129-6136
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Acidithiobacillus; Thiobacillus; acid mine drainage; coasts; drainage; global warming; groundwater; iron; microorganisms; mineralization; pH; phytoplankton; runoff; sulfides; weathering; Antarctic region; Antarctica
Abstract:
... Here we describe biogeochemical processes that lead to the generation of acid rock drainage (ARD) and rock weathering on the Antarctic landmass and describe why they are important sources of iron into the Antarctic Ocean. During three expeditions, 2009–2011, we examined three sites on the South Shetland Islands in Antarctica. Two of them displayed intensive sulfide mineralization and generated aci ...
DOI:
10.1021/es305141b

11. Acid-Catalyzed Transformation of Ionophore Veterinary Antibiotics: Reaction Mechanism and Product Implications

Author:
Sun Peizhe; Yao Hong; Minakata Daisuke; Crittenden John C.; Pavlostathis Spyros G.; Huang Ching-Hua
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2013 v.47 no.13 pp. 6781-6789
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
active sites; agricultural runoff; anti-infective properties; environmental factors; environmental fate; kinetics; land application; livestock and meat industry; monensin; narasin; pH; poultry manure; salinomycin; soil; toxicity; veterinary drugs
Abstract:
... Ionophore antibiotics (IPAs) are polyether antimicrobials widely used in the livestock industry and may enter the environment via land application of animal waste and agricultural runoff. Information is scarce regarding potential transformation of IPAs under environmental conditions. This study is among the first to identify the propensity of IPAs to undergo acid-catalyzed transformation in mildly ...
DOI:
10.1021/es3044517

12. Activation of Manganese Oxidants with Bisulfite for Enhanced Oxidation of Organic Contaminants: The Involvement of Mn(III)

Author:
Sun Bo; Guan Xiaohong; Fang Jingyun; Tratnyek Paul G.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.20 pp. 12414-12421
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
absorbance; ciprofloxacin; free radicals; manganese; manganese dioxide; oxidants; oxidation; pH; phenol; spectroscopy; sulfates; tap water; water treatment
Abstract:
... MnO₄– was activated by HSO₃–, resulting in a process that oxidizes organic contaminants at extraordinarily high rates. The permanganate/bisulfite (PM/BS) process oxidized phenol, ciprofloxacin, and methyl blue at pHᵢₙᵢ 5.0 with rates (kₒbₛ ≈ 60–150 s–¹) that were 5–6 orders of magnitude faster than those measured for permanganate alone, and ∼5 to 7 orders of magnitude faster than conventional adva ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b03111

13. Activation of Oxygen and Hydrogen Peroxide by Copper(II) Coupled with Hydroxylamine for Oxidation of Organic Contaminants

Author:
Lee Hongshin; Lee Hye-Jin; Seo Jiwon; Kim Hyung-Eun; Shin Yun Kyung; Kim Jae-Hong; Lee Changha
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2016 v.50 no.15 pp. 8231-8238
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
alcohols; copper; dissolved oxygen; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; hydrogen peroxide; hydroxylamine; oxidants; oxidation; oxygen; pH
Abstract:
... This study reports that the combination of Cu(II) with hydroxylamine (HA) (referred to herein as Cu(II)/HA system) in situ generates H₂O₂ by reducing dissolved oxygen, subsequently producing reactive oxidants through the reaction of Cu(I) with H₂O₂. The external supply of H₂O₂ to the Cu(II)/HA system (i.e., the Cu(II)/H₂O₂/HA system) was found to further enhance the production of reactive oxidants ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b02067

14. Activation of Peroxymonosulfate by Benzoquinone: A Novel Nonradical Oxidation Process

Author:
Zhou Yang; Jiang Jin; Gao Yuan; Ma Jun; Pang Su-Yan; Li Juan; Lu Xue-Ting; Yuan Li-Peng
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.21 pp. 12941-12950
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
antibiotics; benzoquinones; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; hydroxyl radicals; kinetics; liquid chromatography; models; oxidation; pH; singlet oxygen; sulfamethoxazole; sulfates
Abstract:
... The reactions between peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and quinones were investigated for the first time in this work, where benzoquinone (BQ) was selected as a model quinone. It was demonstrated that BQ could efficiently activate PMS for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX; a frequently detected antibiotic in the environments), and the degradation rate increased with solution pH from 7 to 10. Interes ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b03595

15. Activation of Peroxymonosulfate by Surface-Loaded Noble Metal Nanoparticles for Oxidative Degradation of Organic Compounds

Author:
Ahn Yong-Yoon; Yun Eun-Tae; Seo Ji-Won; Lee Changha; Kim Sang Hoon; Kim Jae-Hong; Lee Jaesang
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2016 v.50 no.18 pp. 10187-10197
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aluminum oxide; carbon nanotubes; cobalt; electron transfer; free radical scavengers; gold; nanoparticles; organic compounds; oxidants; oxidation; pH; palladium; platinum; silver; sulfates; titanium dioxide
Abstract:
... This study demonstrates the capability of noble metal nanoparticles immobilized on Al₂O₃ or TiO₂ support to effectively activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and degrade select organic compounds in water. The noble metals outperformed a benchmark PMS activator such as Co²⁺ (water-soluble) for PMS activation and organic compound degradation at acidic pH and showed the comparable activation capacity at n ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b02841

16. Additive Surface Complexation Modeling of Uranium(VI) Adsorption onto Quartz-Sand Dominated Sediments

Author:
Dong Wenming; Wan Jiamin
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.12 pp. 6569-6577
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; aluminum; aquifers; goethite; humic acids; iron; kaolinite; models; pH; prediction; quartz; sediments; silicon; surface area; uranium; Savannah River Site; South Carolina
Abstract:
... Many aquifers contaminated by U(VI)-containing acidic plumes are composed predominantly of quartz-sand sediments. The F-Area of the Savannah River Site (SRS) in South Carolina (USA) is an example. To predict U(VI) mobility and natural attenuation, we conducted U(VI) adsorption experiments using the F-Area plume sediments and reference quartz, goethite, and kaolinite. The sediments are composed of ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501782g

17. Addressing Geographic Variability in the Comparative Toxicity Potential of Copper and Nickel in Soils

Author:
Owsianiak Mikołaj; Rosenbaum Ralph K.; Huijbregts Mark A. J.; Hauschild Michael Z.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2013 v.47 no.7 pp. 3241-3250
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
bioavailability; copper; ecotoxicology; geographical variation; life cycle impact assessment; ligands; magnesium; models; nickel; pH; regression analysis; soil; soil organic carbon; toxicity
Abstract:
... Comparative toxicity potentials (CTP), in life cycle impact assessment also known as characterization factors (CF), of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) were calculated for a global set of 760 soils. An accessibility factor (ACF) that takes into account the role of the reactive, solid-phase metal pool in the soil was introduced into the definition of CTP. Geographic differences in fate, accessibility, b ...
DOI:
10.1021/es3037324

18. Adhesion of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 to Goethite: A Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopic Study

Author:
Yan Wei; Wang Hongbo; Jing Chuanyong
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2016 v.50 no.8 pp. 4343-4349
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Shewanella oneidensis; adhesion; bacterial adhesion; cell structures; goethite; microorganisms; pH; protein secondary structure; proteins; reflectance; spectral analysis
Abstract:
... Bacterial adhesion to mineral surfaces is an important but underappreciated process. To decipher the molecular level process and mechanism, the adhesion of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 cells to goethite was investigated using flow-cell attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) analysis. The FTIR re ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b00066

19. Adsorption and Desorption of U(VI) on Functionalized Graphene Oxides: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study

Author:
Sun Yubing; Yang Shubin; Chen Yue; Ding Congcong; Cheng Wencai; Wang Xiangke
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.7 pp. 4255-4262
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; desorption; energy; epoxides; graphene oxide; models; pH; pollution; radionuclides; uranium
Abstract:
... The adsorption and desorption of U(VI) on graphene oxides (GOs), carboxylated GOs (HOOC-GOs), and reduced GOs (rGOs) were investigated by batch experiments, EXAFS technique, and computational theoretical calculations. Isothermal adsorptions showed that the adsorption capacities of U(VI) were GOs > HOOC-GOs > rGOs, whereas the desorbed amounts of U(VI) were rGOs > GOs > HOOC-GOs by desorption kinet ...
DOI:
10.1021/es505590j

20. Adsorption of 4-n-Nonylphenol and Bisphenol-A on Magnetic Reduced Graphene Oxides: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Author:
Jin Zhongxiu; Wang Xiangxue; Sun Yubing; Ai Yuejie; Wang Xiangke
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.15 pp. 9168-9175
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; activated carbon; adsorbents; adsorption; aqueous solutions; bisphenol A; endocrine-disrupting chemicals; energy; graphene oxide; humic acids; ionic strength; magnetic separation; pH; remediation; sorption isotherms
Abstract:
... Adsorption of 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) on magnetic reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) as a function of contact time, pH, ionic strength and humic acid were investigated by batch techniques. Adsorption of 4-n-NP and BPA were independent of pH at 3.0- 8.0, whereas the slightly decreased adsorption was observed at pH 8.0–11.0. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms of 4-n-NP and BPA on m ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b02022

21. Adsorption of Arsenic on Polyaluminum Granulate

Author:
Mertens Jasmin; Rose Jérôme; Kägi Ralf; Chaurand Perrine; Plötze Michael; Wehrli Bernhard; Furrer Gerhard
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2012 v.46 no.13 pp. 7310-7317
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-radiation; adsorption; aluminum; arsenates; arsenic; arsenites; basins; electron microscopy; fluorescence; groundwater; nanoparticles; pH; porous media; sorption isotherms; surface area
Abstract:
... The kinetics and efficiencies of arsenite and arsenate removal from water were evaluated using polyaluminum granulates (PAG) with high content of aluminum nanoclusters. PAG was characterized to be meso- and macroporous, with a specific surface area of 35 ± 1 m² g–¹. Adsorption experiments were conducted at pH 7.5 in deionized water and synthetic water with composition of As-contaminated groundwate ...
DOI:
10.1021/es204508t

22. Adsorption of Insecticidal Cry1Ab Protein to Humic Substances. 1. Experimental Approach and Mechanistic Aspects

Author:
Sander Michael; Tomaszewski Jeanne E.; Madliger Michael; Schwarzenbach René P.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2012 v.46 no.18 pp. 9923-9931
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Bacillus thuringiensis; adsorption; albumins; electrostatic interactions; humic acids; hydrophobicity; ionic strength; lysozyme; models; monitoring; pH; quartz; soil; spectroscopy; toxins; transgenic plants
Abstract:
... Adsorption is a key process affecting the fate of insecticidal Cry proteins (Bt toxins), produced by genetically modified Bt crops, in soils. However, the mechanisms of adsorption to soil organic matter (SOM) remain poorly understood. This work assesses the forces driving the adsorption of Cry1Ab to Leonardite humic acid (LHA), used as a model for SOM. We studied the effects of solution pH and ion ...
DOI:
10.1021/es3022478

23. Adsorption of Insecticidal Cry1Ab Protein to Humic Substances. 2. Influence of Humic and Fulvic Acid Charge and Polarity Characteristics

Author:
Tomaszewski Jeanne E.; Madliger Michael; Pedersen Joel A.; Schwarzenbach René P.; Sander Michael
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2012 v.46 no.18 pp. 9932-9940
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; bioassays; electrostatic interactions; fulvic acids; genetically modified organisms; humic acids; hydrophobicity; insecticidal properties; insects; ionic strength; models; pH; proteins; risk; soil
Abstract:
... Assessing the fate and potential risks of transgenic Cry proteins in soils requires understanding of Cry protein adsorption to soil particles. The companion paper provided evidence that patch-controlled electrostatic attraction (PCEA) and the hydrophobic effect contributed to Cry1Ab protein adsorption to an apolar humic acid (HA). Here, we further assess the relative importance of these contributi ...
DOI:
10.1021/es302248u

24. Adsorption of Phosphonate Antiscalant from Reverse Osmosis Membrane Concentrate onto Granular Ferric Hydroxide

Author:
Boels Luciaan; Keesman Karel J.; Witkamp Geert-Jan
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2012 v.46 no.17 pp. 9638-9645
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorbents; adsorption; calcium; desalination; desorption; ferric hydroxide; mass transfer; models; pH; reverse osmosis; sodium hydroxide; sorption isotherms; sulfates
Abstract:
... Adsorptive removal of antiscalants offers a promising way to improve current reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate treatment processes and enables the reuse of the antiscalant in the RO desalination process. This work investigates the adsorption and desorption of the phosphonate antiscalant nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (NTMP) from RO membrane concentrate onto granular ferric hydroxide (GFH), a ...
DOI:
10.1021/es302186k

25. Adsorption of Selenium and Strontium on Goethite: EXAFS Study and Surface Complexation Modeling of the Ternary Systems

Author:
Nie Zhe; Finck Nicolas; Heberling Frank; Pruessmann Tim; Liu Chunli; Lützenkirchen Johannes
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2017 v.51 no.7 pp. 3751-3758
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; goethite; groundwater; iron; isoelectric point; models; pH; radioactive waste; selenium; strontium; thermodynamics
Abstract:
... Knowledge of the geochemical behavior of selenium and strontium is critical for the safe disposal of radioactive wastes. Goethite, as one of the most thermodynamically stable and commonly occurring natural iron oxy-hydroxides, promisingly retains these elements. This work comprehensively studies the adsorption of Se(IV) and Sr(II) on goethite. Starting from electrokinetic measurements, the binary ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b06104

26. Adsorption of Uranium(VI) to Manganese Oxides: X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Surface Complexation Modeling

Author:
Wang Zimeng; Lee Sung-Woo; Catalano Jeffrey G.; Lezama-Pacheco Juan S.; Bargar John R.; Tebo Bradley M.; Giammar Daniel E.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2013 v.47 no.2 pp. 850-858
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-radiation; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; absorption; adsorbents; adsorption; arsenic; carbon; groundwater; manganese dioxide; models; pH; soil; uranium; zeta potential
Abstract:
... The mobility of hexavalent uranium in soil and groundwater is strongly governed by adsorption to mineral surfaces. As strong naturally occurring adsorbents, manganese oxides may significantly influence the fate and transport of uranium. Models for U(VI) adsorption over a broad range of chemical conditions can improve predictive capabilities for uranium transport in the subsurface. This study integ ...
DOI:
10.1021/es304454g

27. Adsorption of the Herbicide 4-Chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic Acid (MCPA) by Goethite

Author:
Kersten Michael; Tunega Daniel; Georgieva Ivelina; Vlasova Nataliya; Branscheid Robert
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.20 pp. 11803-11810
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
MCPA (herbicide); adsorption; goethite; methodology; models; molecular dynamics; oxygen; pH
Abstract:
... Interaction between the goethite surface and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) herbicide was studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations combined with molecular dynamics (MD). The important step made here lies in the use of a periodic DFT method enabling the study of a mineral surface of different protonation states, in strong contrast with previous molecular modeling studi ...
DOI:
10.1021/es502444c

28. Adsorption, Aggregation, and Deposition Behaviors of Carbon Dots on Minerals

Author:
Liu Xia; Li Jiaxing; Huang Yongshun; Wang Xiangxue; Zhang Xiaodong; Wang Xiangke
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2017 v.51 no.11 pp. 6156-6164
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; aqueous solutions; carbon quantum dots; electrolytes; environmental factors; goethite; groundwater; hydrogen bonding; ionic strength; pH; sediments; soil; sorption isotherms; toxicity; van der Waals forces; zeta potential
Abstract:
... The increased production of carbon dots (CDs) and the release and accumulation of CDs in both surface and groundwater has resulted in the increasing interest in their research. To assess the environmental behavior of CDs, the interaction between CDs and goethite was studied under different environmental conditions. Electrokinetic characterization of CDs suggested that the ζ-potential and size dist ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b06558

29. Advanced Oxidation Kinetics and Mechanism of Preservative Propylparaben Degradation in Aqueous Suspension of TiO2 and Risk Assessment of Its Degradation Products

Author:
Fang Hansun; Gao Yanpeng; Li Guiying; An Jibin; Wong Po-Keung; Fu Haiying; Yao Side; Nie Xiangping; An Taicheng
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2013 v.47 no.6 pp. 2704-2712
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acute toxicity; bioassays; carbon; electrons; estrogenic properties; humans; hydroxyl radicals; models; oxidation; pH; photocatalysis; risk; risk assessment; titanium dioxide; trophic levels
Abstract:
... The absolute kinetic rate constants of propylparaben (PPB) in water with different free radicals were investigated, and it was found that both hydroxyl radicals (HO•) and hydrated electrons could rapidly react with PPB. The advanced oxidation kinetics and mechanisms of PPB were investigated using photocatalytic process as a model technology, and the degradation was found to be a pseudo-first-order ...
DOI:
10.1021/es304898r

30. Aggregation Kinetics and Self-Assembly Mechanisms of Graphene Quantum Dots in Aqueous Solutions: Cooperative Effects of pH and Electrolytes

Author:
Li Qingqing; Chen Baoliang; Xing Baoshan
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2017 v.51 no.3 pp. 1364-1376
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
risk; image analysis; aqueous solutions; coagulation; calcium; cations; magnesium; quantum dots; scanning electron microscopy; pH; potassium; sodium; transmission electron microscopy; graphene; nanoparticles; environmental fate; prediction
Abstract:
... The cooperative effects of pH and electrolytes on the aggregation of GQDs and the aggregate morphologies are characterized. Because GQDs have an average size of 9 nm with abundant O-functionalized edges, their suspension was very stable even in a high electrolyte concentration and low pH solution. Divalent cations (Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺) excelled at aggregating the GQD nanoplates, while monovalent cations ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b04178
CHORUS:
10.1021/acs.est.6b04178
Chorus Open Access:
10.1021/acs.est.6b04178

31. Aggregation Kinetics of Diesel Soot Nanoparticles in Wet Environments

Author:
Chen Chengyu; Huang Weilin
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2017 v.51 no.4 pp. 2077-2086
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acid deposition; aggregation behavior; aqueous solutions; coagulation; combustion; droplets; electrolytes; environmental fate; estuaries; freshwater; nanoparticles; pH; rain; soot; wet environmental conditions
Abstract:
... Soot produced during incomplete combustion consists mainly of carbonaceous nanoparticles (NPs) with severe adverse environmental and health effects, and its environmental fate and transport are largely controlled by aggregation. In this study, we examined the aggregation behavior for diesel soot NPs under aqueous condition in an effort to elucidate the fundamental processes that govern soot partic ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b04575

32. Aggregation Kinetics of Hematite Particles in the Presence of Outer Membrane Cytochrome OmcA of Shewanella oneidenesis MR-1

Author:
Sheng Anxu; Liu Feng; Shi Liang; Liu Juan
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2016 v.50 no.20 pp. 11016-11024
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Shewanella; bovine serum albumin; circular dichroism spectroscopy; dispersions; electrophoresis; hematite; light scattering; nanoparticles; pH; particle size; salt concentration
Abstract:
... The aggregation behavior of 9, 36, and 112 nm hematite particles was studied in the presence of OmcA, a bacterial extracellular protein, in aqueous dispersions at pH 5.7 through time-resolved dynamic light scattering, electrophoretic mobility, and circular dichroism spectra, respectively. At low salt concentration, the attachment efficiencies of hematite particles in all sizes first increased, the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b02963

33. Aggregation and Stability of Reduced Graphene Oxide: Complex Roles of Divalent Cations, pH, and Natural Organic Matter

Author:
Chowdhury Indranil; Mansukhani Nikhita D.; Guiney Linda M.; Hersam Mark C.; Bouchard Dermont
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.18 pp. 10886-10893
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; calcium; calcium chloride; cations; coagulation; graphene oxide; ionic strength; magnesium; nanomaterials; organic matter; pH; sodium chloride; streams; surface water; wastewater
Abstract:
... The aggregation and stability of graphene oxide (GO) and three successively reduced GO (rGO) nanomaterials were investigated. Reduced GO species were partially reduced GO (rGO-1h), intermediately reduced GO (rGO-2h), and fully reduced GO (rGO-5h). Specifically, influence of pH, ionic strength, ion valence, and presence of natural organic matter (NOM) were studied. Results show that stability of GO ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b01866

34. Aggregation, Dissolution, and Transformation of Copper Nanoparticles in Natural Waters

Author:
Conway Jon R.; Adeleye Adeyemi S.; Gardea-Torresdey Jorge; Keller Arturo A.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.5 pp. 2749-2756
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
copper; groundwater; ionic strength; nanoparticles; oxidation; pH; phosphates
Abstract:
... Time-dependent aggregation, sedimentation, dissolution, and transformation of three copper-based engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) of varied properties were measured in eight natural and artificial waters. Nano-Cu and Cu(OH)₂ aggregated rapidly to >10³ nm while the aggregate size of nano-CuO averaged between 250 and 400 nm. Aggregate size for both nano-Cu and nano-CuO showed a positive correlation w ...
DOI:
10.1021/es504918q

35. Alteration of Sediments by Hyperalkaline K-Rich Cement Leachate: Implications for Strontium Adsorption and Incorporation

Author:
Wallace Sarah H.; Shaw Samuel; Morris Katherine; Small Joe S.; Burke Ian T.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2013 v.47 no.8 pp. 3694-3700
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-radiation; X-ray diffraction; absorption; adsorption; ambient temperature; cement; gels; leaching; magnesium; nitric acid; pH; radionuclides; scanning electron microscopy; sediments; silicate minerals; strontium
Abstract:
... Results are presented from 1 year batch experiments where K-rich hyperalkaline pH 13.5 young cement water (YCW) was reacted with sediments to investigate the effect of high pH, mineral alteration, and secondary mineral precipitation on ⁹⁰Sr sorption. After reaction with YCW, Sr sorption was found to be greater than 75% in all samples up to 365 days and 98% in a sample reacted for 365 days at 70 °C ...
DOI:
10.1021/es3051982

36. Alterations of Fractures in Carbonate Rocks by CO2-Acidified Brines

Author:
Deng Hang; Fitts Jeffrey P.; Crandall Dustin; McIntyre Dustin; Peters Catherine A.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.16 pp. 10226-10234
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
calcite; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; carbonic acid; channelization; computed tomography; geometry; image analysis; limestone; pH; permeability; thermodynamics; Indiana
Abstract:
... Fractures in geological formations may enable migration of environmentally relevant fluids, as in leakage of CO₂ through caprocks in geologic carbon sequestration. We investigated geochemically induced alterations of fracture geometry in Indiana Limestone specimens. Experiments were the first of their kind, with periodic high-resolution imaging using X-ray computed tomography (xCT) scanning while ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b01980

37. Aluminum Affects Heterogeneous Fe(III) (Hydr)oxide Nucleation, Growth, and Ostwald Ripening

Author:
Hu Yandi; Li Qingyun; Lee Byeongdu; Jun Young-Shin
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.1 pp. 299-306
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Ostwald ripening; X-radiation; acid mine drainage; adsorption; aluminum; aluminum oxide; coprecipitation; iron; pH; particle size; pollutants; quartz; water treatment
Abstract:
... Heterogeneous coprecipitation of iron and aluminum oxides is an important process for pollutant immobilization and removal in natural and engineered aqueous environments. Here, using a synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering technique, we studied heterogeneous nucleation and growth of Fe(III) (hydr)oxide on quartz under conditions found in acid mine drainage (at pH = 3.7 ± 0.2, [Fe³⁺] = 10– ...
DOI:
10.1021/es403777w

38. Aluminum Dialkyl Phosphinate Flame Retardants and Their Hydrolysates: Analytical Method and Occurrence in Soil and Sediment Samples from a Manufacturing Site

Author:
Niu Yumin; Liu Jingfu; Liang Yong; Hao Zhineng; Liu Jiyan; Liu Yuchen; Sun Xue
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.6 pp. 3336-3343
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acids; aluminum; ammonia; carbon; flame retardants; hydrolysates; hydrolysis; pH; phosphorus; sediments; soil; solvents; statistical analysis; tandem mass spectrometry; toxicity
Abstract:
... Aluminum dialkyl phosphinates (ADPs) are emerging phosphorus flame retardants due to their superior characteristics, but their analytical method, and occurrence and fate in environments have never been reported. For the first time, we developed a method for the analysis of trace ADPs and their hydrolysates (dialkyl phosphinic acids, DPAs), and studied their occurrences and fates in soils and sedim ...
DOI:
10.1021/es500200p

39. Amide Link Scission in the Polyamide Active Layers of Thin-Film Composite Membranes upon Exposure to Free Chlorine: Kinetics and Mechanisms

Author:
Powell Joshua; Luh Jeanne; Coronell Orlando
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.20 pp. 12136-12144
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
chemical bonding; chlorination; chlorine; disinfectants; exposure duration; hydrolysis; ions; pH; polyamides; reverse osmosis; thin film composite membranes
Abstract:
... The volume-averaged amide link scission in the aromatic polyamide active layer of a reverse osmosis membrane upon exposure to free chlorine was quantified at a variety of free chlorine exposure times, concentrations, and pH and rinsing conditions. The results showed that (i) hydroxyl ions are needed for scission to occur, (ii) hydroxide-induced amide link scission is a strong function of exposure ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b02110

40. Ammonia as an In Situ Sanitizer: Inactivation Kinetics and Mechanisms of the ssRNA Virus MS2 by NH3

Author:
Decrey Loïc; Kazama Shinobu; Udert Kai M.; Kohn Tamar
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.2 pp. 1060-1067
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
RNA; ammonia; animal wastes; biocides; digestion; genome; humans; pH; pathogenicity; pathogens; prediction; sanitizers; sanitizing; sludge; ssRNA viruses; temperature; transesterification; urine; viruses; wastewater
Abstract:
... Sanitizing human and animal waste (e.g., urine, fecal sludge, or grey water) is a critical step in reducing the spread of disease and ensuring microbially safe reuse of waste materials. Viruses are particularly persistent pathogens and can be transmitted through inadequately sanitized waste. However, adequate storage or digestion of waste can strongly reduce the number of viruses due to increases ...
DOI:
10.1021/es5044529

41. Ammonium Addition (and Aerosol pH) Has a Dramatic Impact on the Volatility and Yield of Glyoxal Secondary Organic Aerosol

Author:
Ortiz-Montalvo Diana L.; Häkkinen Silja A. K.; Schwier Allison N.; Lim Yong B.; McNeill V. Faye; Turpin Barbara J.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.1 pp. 255-262
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aerosols; ammonium hydroxide; ammonium oxalate; desorption; enthalpy; evaporation; hydroxyl radicals; ionization; oxalic acid; oxidation; pH; prediction; spectrometers; vapor pressure; volatilization
Abstract:
... Glyoxal is an important precursor to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed through aqueous chemistry in clouds, fogs, and wet aerosols, yet the gas-particle partitioning of the resulting mixture is not well understood. This work characterizes the volatility behavior of the glyoxal precursor/product mix formed after aqueous hydroxyl radical oxidation and droplet evaporation under cloud-relevant co ...
DOI:
10.1021/es4035667

42. Anaerobic Chemolithotrophic Growth of the Haloalkaliphilic Bacterium Strain MLMS-1 by Disproportionation of Monothioarsenate

Author:
Planer-Friedrich B.; Härtig C.; Lohmayer R.; Suess E.; McCann S. H.; Oremland R.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2015 v.49 no.11 pp. 6554-6563
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; arsenates; arsenic; arsenites; bacteria; delta-Proteobacteria; hot springs; lakes; metabolism; oxidation; pH; sulfates; sulfides; sulfur; California
Abstract:
... A novel chemolithotrophic metabolism based on a mixed arsenic–sulfur species has been discovered for the anaerobic deltaproteobacterium, strain MLMS-1, a haloalkaliphile isolated from Mono Lake, California, U.S. Strain MLMS-1 is the first reported obligate arsenate-respiring chemoautotroph which grows by coupling arsenate reduction to arsenite with the oxidation of sulfide to sulfate. In that path ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.5b01165

43. Analysis of Giardia lamblia Interactions with Polymer Surfaces Using a Microarray Approach

Author:
Pickering Harry; Wu Mei; Bradley Mark; Bridle Helen
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2012 v.46 no.4 pp. 2179-2186
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Giardia lamblia; adhesion; microarray technology; microfiltration; pH; parasites; peptidase K; polymers; prediction; proteins; screening; surface interactions; surface roughness; water treatment; wettability
Abstract:
... The interaction of the waterborne protozoan parasite, Giardia lamblia, with polymeric materials was investigated by microarray screening of 652 polymers. Polymers were identified which either bound G. lamblia cysts or prevented their binding. Correlation of material properties such as wettability and surface roughness with cyst attachment revealed no influence of these factors upon Giardia adhesio ...
DOI:
10.1021/es203637e

44. Anisotropic Morphological Changes in Goethite during Fe2+-Catalyzed Recrystallization

Author:
Joshi Prachi; Gorski Christopher A.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2016 v.50 no.14 pp. 7315-7324
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aggregation behavior; biogeochemical cycles; crystallization; goethite; iron; nanoparticles; pH; remediation; temporal variation; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... When goethite is exposed to aqueous Fe²⁺, rapid and extensive Fe atom exchange can occur between solid-phase Fe³⁺ and aqueous Fe²⁺ in a process referred to as Fe²⁺-catalyzed recrystallization. This process can lead to the structural incorporation or release of trace elements, which has important implications for contaminant remediation and nutrient biogeochemical cycling. Prior work found that the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b00702

45. Ano-Cathodophilic Biofilm Catalyzes Both Anodic Carbon Oxidation and Cathodic Denitrification

Author:
Cheng Ka Yu; Ginige Maneesha P.; Kaksonen Anna H.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2012 v.46 no.18 pp. 10372-10378
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acetates; acidification; acidity; alkalinity; bioanodes; biocathodes; bioelectrochemistry; biofilm; carbon; denitrification; groundwater; nitrates; oxidation; pH; silver; silver chloride; wastewater
Abstract:
... Biocathodic denitrification using bioelectrochemical systems (BES) have shown promise for both wastewater and groundwater treatment. Typically, these systems involve anodic carbon oxidation and cathodic denitrification catalyzed by two electroactive biofilms located separately at an anode and a cathode. However, process efficiencies are often limited by pH drifts in the respective electrode-biofil ...
DOI:
10.1021/es3025066

46. Anodic Reactivity of Ferrous Sulfide Precipitates Changing over Time due to Particulate Speciation

Author:
Mejia Likosova Elena; Collins Richard N.; Keller Jurg; Freguia Stefano
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2013 v.47 no.21 pp. 12366-12373
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; drinking water; electrochemistry; ferric phosphate; iron; oxidation; pH; sludge; sulfides; wastewater; water treatment
Abstract:
... The disposal of ferric phosphate (FePO₄) sludge, routinely generated in wastewater and drinking water treatment, has a major impact on the overall treatment cost. Iron sulfide (FeSₓ) precipitation via sulfide addition to ferric phosphate (FePO₄) sludge has been proven to be an effective method for phosphate recovery. Electrochemical oxidation of FeSₓ can then be utilized to recover ferric iron for ...
DOI:
10.1021/es402967e

47. Anoxia-Induced Release of Colloid- and Nanoparticle-Bound Phosphorus in Grassland Soils

Author:
Henderson R.; Kabengi N.; Mantripragada N.; Cabrera M.; Hassan S.; Thompson A.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2012 v.46 no.21 pp. 11727-11734
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
agroecosystems; aluminum; anaerobic conditions; calcium; centrifugation; colloids; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; fractionation; grassland soils; iron; pH; phosphorus; poultry manure; silicon; spectroscopy; transmission electron microscopy; ultrafiltration
Abstract:
... Particle-facilitated transport is a key mechanism of phosphorus (P) loss in agroecosystems. We assessed contributions of colloid- and nanoparticle-bound P (nPP; 1–415 nm) to total P released from grassland soils receiving biannual poultry litter applications since 1995. In laboratory incubations, soils were subjected to 7 days of anoxic conditions or equilibrated at pH 6 and 8 under oxic condition ...
DOI:
10.1021/es302395r

48. Antibacterial Activity of Aluminum in Clay from the Colombian Amazon

Author:
Londono S. Carolina; Hartnett Hilairy E.; Williams Lynda B.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2017 v.51 no.4 pp. 2401-2408
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Escherichia coli; aluminum; antibacterial properties; antibiotic resistance; antibiotics; bacteria; chemical analysis; clay; copper; humans; image analysis; iron; manganese; minimum inhibitory concentration; models; pH; pathogens; phospholipids; phosphorus; toxicity; zinc; Amazonia; Colombia
Abstract:
... The problems of antibiotic overuse compel us to seek alternative antibacterial agents. Some clays have been shown to kill antibiotic-resistant human pathogens and may provide an alternative to known antibiotics. Here we show that Al toxicity plays a central role in the antibacterial action of a kaolin-rich clay from the Colombian Amazon (AMZ). Antibacterial susceptibility testing shows minimum inh ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b04670

49. Antibiotic Pollution in Marine Food Webs in Laizhou Bay, North China: Trophodynamics and Human Exposure Implication

Author:
Liu Sisi; Zhao Hongxia; Lehmler Hans-Joachim; Cai Xiyun; Chen Jingwen
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2017 v.51 no.4 pp. 2392-2400
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
antibiotics; average daily intake; bioaccumulation; biotransformation; fluoroquinolones; food webs; human health; humans; hydrophobicity; invertebrates; macrolides; pH; pelagic fish; pollution; risk; risk management; trimethoprim; China
Abstract:
... Little information is available about the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of antibiotics in marine food webs. Here, we investigate the levels and trophic transfer of 9 sulfonamide (SA), 5 fluoroquinolone (FQ), and 4 macrolide (ML) antibiotics, as well as trimethoprim in nine invertebrate and ten fish species collected from a marine food web in Laizhou Bay, North China in 2014 and 2015. All th ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b04556
PubMed:
28106989
PubMed Central:
PMC5618103

50. Antimony and Arsenic Behavior during Fe(II)-Induced Transformation of Jarosite

Author:
Karimian Niloofar; Johnston Scott G.; Burton Edward D.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2017 v.51 no.8 pp. 4259-4268
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-ray absorption spectroscopy; acid mine drainage; acid sulfate soils; anaerobic conditions; antimony; arsenic; goethite; iron; jarosite; lepidocrocite; pH
Abstract:
... Jarosite can be an important scavenger for arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) in acid mine drainage (AMD) and acid sulfate soil (ASS) environments. When subjected to reducing conditions, jarosite may undergo reductive dissolution, thereby releasing As, Sb, and Fe²⁺ coincident with a rise in pH. These conditions can also trigger the Fe²⁺-induced transformation of jarosite to more stable Fe(III) mineral ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.6b05335