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1. Aggregate stability and assessment of soil crustability and erodibility: I. Theory and methodology

Author:
Y. BISSONNAIS
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 425-437
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
aggregate stability; dispersions; energy; erodibility; rain; raindrop impact; soil quality; soil slaking; water erosion
Abstract:
... Crusting and erosion of cultivated soils result from aggregate breakdown and the detachment of soil fragments by rain, and the susceptibility of soil to these processes is often inferred from measurements of aggregate stability. Here, theories of aggregate breakdown are reviewed and four main mechanisms (i.e. slaking, breakdown by differential swelling, mechanical breakdown by raindrop impact and ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01843.x

2. Application and sensitivity analysis of process‐based erosion model GUEST

Author:
R.K. MISRA; C.W. ROSE
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 593-604
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
conservation practices; erodibility; land use; rain; runoff; sediment deposition; sediments; soil erosion; soil erosion models; soil strength; temporal variation; topographic slope
Abstract:
... As long‐term measurement of erosion is expensive, models are required to predict spatial and temporal variation in erosion accurately for various land uses and to develop suitable practices for soil conservation. Details of the steady‐state, process‐based erosion model GUEST are presented with emphasis on the behaviour and sensitivity of the model to a fundamental erodibility parameter J. The mode ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01858.x

3. Defining monitoring strategies for runoff and erosion studies in agricultural catchments: a simulation approach

Author:
V. JETTEN; J. BOIFFIN; A. ROO
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 579-592
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
agricultural watersheds; cropping sequence; field crops; monitoring; prediction; runoff; soil erosion models; soil properties; temporal variation; winter; Europe
Abstract:
... The number of runoff and erosion studies in cultivated catchments in north west Europe is increasing. Measurements are usually costly and time‐consuming, in particular of soil hydrological properties because agriculture causes considerable spatial and temporal variation. A subdivision of the catchment is necessary to optimize the choice of sampling sites and to define extrapolation procedures. Fou ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01857.x

4. Distribution of cation exchange capacity between organic matter and mineral fractions in acid forest soils (Vosges mountains, France)

Author:
M.‐P. TURPAULT; P. BONNAUD; J. FIGHTER; J. RANGER; E. DAMBRINE
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 545-556
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
acid soils; cation exchange capacity; clay fraction; gneiss; granite soils; mica; mineral soils; mountains; organic matter; particle size distribution; sand fraction; sandy soils; silt fraction; smectite; soil horizons; soil pH; France
Abstract:
... The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 18 samples (<2 mm) of five acid soils developed on granite or gneiss was measured before and after H2O2 treatment from pH‐unbuffered extraction solution (1 N KCl). The pH in water of the soils ranged from 3.4–4.7. The samples were separated into seven fractions (<2 μm, 2–20 μm, 20–50 μm, 0.05–0.2 mm, 0.2–0.5 mm, 0.5–1 mm and 1–2 mm) and the CEC of each measure ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01854.x

5. Extracellular enzyme activity in soil: effect of pH and ionic strength on the interaction with montmorillonite of two acid phosphatases secreted by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Hebeloma cylindrosporum

Author:
F. LEPRINCE; H. QUIQUAMPOIX
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 511-522
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
Hebeloma cylindrosporum; acid phosphatase; adsorption; catalytic activity; clay; ectomycorrhizae; electrostatic interactions; enzyme activity; fungi; ionic strength; montmorillonite; pH; soil; soil enzymes; surface interactions
Abstract:
... The interaction of extracellular enzymes with the solid phase of the soil affects their mobility and their catalytic properties. In particular, adsorption on clay minerals is known to shift the optimum pH of the catalytic activity towards alkaline values. Two conflicting interpretations of this phenomenon have been proposed: a surface pH effect and a pH–dependent modification of the conformation o ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01851.x

6. Fate of particulate organic matter in soil aggregates during cultivation

Author:
E. BESNARD; C. CHENU; J. BALESDENT; P. PUGET; D. ARROUAYS
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 495-503
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
biodegradation; crops; forest soils; forests; fractionation; loam soils; microaggregates; particulates; soil organic matter
Abstract:
... Particulate organic matter (POM) is a labile fraction of soil organic matter which is thought to be physically protected from biodegradation when within soil aggregates. We have developed a fractionation method to separate POM located outside stable soil macroaggregates (> 200 μm) and microaggregates (50–200 μm) from that within them, and applied it to a cultivation sequence of humic loamy soils. ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01849.x

7. Improving the kriging of a soil variable using slope gradient as external drift

Author:
H. BOURENNANE; D. KING; P. CHÉRY; A. BRUAND
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 473-483
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
digital elevation models; kriging; prediction; soil; France
Abstract:
... Universal kriging with a topographic variable used as external drift was compared with ordinary kriging, ordinary kriging with external drift, and universal kriging for predicting the thickness of a superficial deposit on part of the Beauce of central France. Thickness was recorded at 62 sites and at another 25 sites to obtain a sample for validation. A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was computed f ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01847.x

8. Influence of soil properties and soya bean cropping history on the Bradyrhizobium japonicum population in some French soils

Author:
C. REVELLIN; X. PINOCHET; P. BEAUCLAIR; G. CATROUX
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 505-510
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
Bradyrhizobium japonicum; calcareous soils; cropping sequence; crops; farmers; grain yield; inoculum; nodulation; plant growth; probability; sand; silt; soil bacteria; soil properties; soybeans; France
Abstract:
... As French soils are naturally free of Bradyrhizobium japonicum, soya beans planted into new areas must be inoculated with this bacterium. Although, the B. japonicum inoculum can survive in soils for long periods of time even in the absence of a soya bean crop, re–inoculation may increase nodulation and grain yield. Thus, populations of B. japonicum can fall below optimum for plant growth. To ident ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01850.x

9. Influence of the nature of soil organic matter on the sorption‐desorption of 4‐chlorophenol, 2,4‐dichlorophenol and the herbicide 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D)

Author:
P. BENOIT; E. BARRIUSO; S. HOUOT; R. CALVET
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 567-578
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
Castanea; acid soils; acids; desorption; fractionation; fungi; herbicides; humification; lignin; microbial biomass; physicochemical properties; pollutants; soil organic matter; spectroscopy; titration; wheat straw; wood
Abstract:
... The sorption–desorption properties of three organic pollutants, 4‐chlorophenol (4‐CP), 2,4‐dichlorophenol (2,4‐DCP) and the herbicide 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) on soil organic matter (SOM) were studied using kinetic and equilibrium measurements in aqueous suspensions. Chestnut wood, wheat straw, Kraft lignin, composted straw and a soil humic acid were chosen as sorbents to model diffe ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01856.x

10. Land‐use and fertilization effects on P forms in two European soils: resin extraction and 31P‐NMR analysis

Author:
G. GUGGENBERGER; B.T. CHRISTENSEN; G. RUBÆK; W. ZECH
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 605-614
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
agricultural soils; alkali treatment; animal manures; carbon; deciduous forests; forest soils; grasses; land use; microbial activity; mineral fertilizers; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; phosphonates; phosphorus; resins
Abstract:
... Macroporous anion‐exchange resin extraction and 31P‐NMR spectroscopy of dialysed NaOH extracts were used to investigate the effects of land use (Taubenberg, Bavaria: spruce forest, deciduous forest, permanent grass, arable) and fertilization (Askov, Denmark: unmanured, mineral fertilizer, animal manure) on forms of phosphorus in soil with emphasis on the potentially labile organic (Po) and ino ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01859.x

11. Lattice–gas approach to surface runoff after rain

Author:
L. GARCIA‐SANCHEZ; L. PIETRO; P.F. GERMANN
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 453-462
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
overland flow; rain; rain intensity; roughness; runoff; space and time; surface roughness; transient flow; water distribution
Abstract:
... We simulated the distribution of water flowing over the soil surface in small plots using a lattice‐gas approach. The numerical lattice‐gas algorithm consists in simulating a fluid as a finite set of particles which move in a discrete lattice obeying deterministic rules. With this technique, complex boundary conditions and transient flow regimens are handled with ease. The amount of depressional s ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01845.x

12. Micro‐scale variation of solid‐phase properties and soil solution chemistry in a forest podzol and its relation to soil horizons

Author:
A. GÖTTLEIN; H. STANJEK
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 627-636
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
absorption; aluminum; anions; buffers; forests; isogenic lines; pH; soil horizons; soil properties; soil sampling; soil solution; solutes; titration
Abstract:
... In order to evaluate micro‐scale heterogeneities 55 micro suction cups were placed in an array at 15 mm intervals in a profile face of a cambic podzol. The chemistry of soil solution (mineral anions, pH, UV absorption as a measure for DOC) was compared with solid‐phase properties from soil samples (2 cm3 volume), which had surrounded the suction cups. Sequential extraction techniques (water, NF4Cl ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01861.x

13. Mobilization of phosphate from phosphate rock and alumina–sorbed phosphate by the roots of ryegrass and clover as related to rhizosphere pH

Author:
P. HINSINGER; R.J. GILKES
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 533-544
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
Lolium rigidum; Trifolium subterraneum; alkalis; aluminum oxide; excretion; nitrogen; pH; pastures; protons; rhizosphere; rock phosphate; roots; sand
Abstract:
... The mobilization of phosphate by two pasture species was studied in an alumina sand with P added as phosphate rock (PR–P) and as phosphate sorbed on to alumina (A12O3–P). The experiments were performed with a cropping device which enables the collection of rhizosphere material at defined distances from the roots of ryegrass (Lolium rigidum L.) and clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.). Nitrogen was s ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01853.x

14. Nature and origin of soluble lipids shed into the soil by rainwater leaching a forest cover of Pinus maritima sp.

Author:
A. COLINA‐TEJADA; A. AMBLÈS; P. JAMBU
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 637-643
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
Pinus pinaster; alcohols; branches; carbon; conifer needles; forests; gas chromatography; hydrocarbons; leaching; lipids; rain; soil; summer; tree trunk; winter
Abstract:
... We have studied the ability of rainwater leaching a pine (Pinus maritima sp.) forest cover to solubilize lipid components. The nature and origin of straight‐chain hydrocarbons, alcohols and monoacids shed into the soil by rainwater was determined. Rainwater falling from branches and pine needles (RF) and rainwater running down the tree trunks (RR) were collected separately. The compounds were qu ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01862.x

15. Organic matter retention in an upland humic podzol; the effects of pH and solute type

Author:
J. KENNEDY; M.F. BILLETT; D. DUTHIE; A.R. FRASER; A.F. HARRISON
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 615-625
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
carbon; dissolved organic matter; forests; heathlands; highlands; organic compounds; organic horizons; pH; soil solution; solutes; sorption isotherms; surface water
Abstract:
... This paper discusses the effects of different horizons and soil solution compositions on dissolved organic matter retention in a moorland podzol and compares the results with previous studies of forest podzols. Adsorption isotherms were constructed for each of the major horizons of a freely draining, upland, moorland, humic podzol from north‐east Scotland, to investigate processes of retention a ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01860.x

16. Physical and chemical variations within prisms of a saline polder clay in relation to seasonal changes

Author:
V. HALLAIRE; M. AZIB; P. CURMP; C. CHEVERRY
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 463-471
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
biochemical polymorphism; clay; saline soils; salinity; seasonal variation; soil structure; France
Abstract:
... The prismatic structure and soil behaviour were studied on a saline clayey soil in the polder of the Marais de ľQuest (France). Three profiles with different histories were examined, and the structure under wet and dry conditions, ionic concentrations, and changes in void ratio and water suction were measured on prisms sampled between 5 and 40 cm deep, in four places (base, centre, top and side). ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01846.x

17. Side‐effects of herbicides on the size and activity of the soil microflora: DNOC as a test case

Author:
N. ROUARD; M.‐C. DICTOR; R. CHAUSSOD; G. SOULAS
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 557-566
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
adenosine triphosphate; agricultural soils; behavior modification; carbon; chloroform; energy; herbicides; microbial activity; microbial biomass; microbial communities; oxidative phosphorylation; soil microorganisms; soil sampling
Abstract:
... Recent advances in measuring soil microbial biomass by chloroform fumigation–extraction (CFE) and microbial heterotrophic activity interpreted by quantitative concentration–activity relations (QCAR) have renewed interest in assessing side–effects of agricultural chemicals on soil microorganisms. We have studied the effects of a herbicide, 4,6‐dinitroorthocresol (DNOC), taken as a test chemical, on ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01855.x

18. Study of the distribution of copper in an acid sandy vineyard soil by three different methods

Author:
L.M. FLORES‐VÉLEZ; J. DUCAROIR; A.M. JAUNET; M. ROBERT
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 523-532
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
acid soils; analytical methods; bacteria; clay fraction; copper; copper sulfate; fractionation; fungicides; mildews; organic compounds; plant residues; sandy soils; toxic substances; transmission electron microscopy; vineyard soils; vineyards
Abstract:
... Copper sulphate (Bordeaux mixture) has been used as a fungicide against mildew in vineyards for more than a hundred years. This treatment has resulted in significant Cu accumulation in soils (from 100 to 1500 mg kg−1). It is desirable to determine the distribution of Cu in these soils to predict if this element is potentially toxic. Several speciation methods have been compared: sequential and sin ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01852.x

19. Three‐dimensional analysis of a loamy‐clay soil using pore and solid chord distributions

Author:
I. COUSIN; P. LEVITZ; A. BRUAND
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 439-452
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
cutting; image analysis; porous media; resins; soil analysis; soil pore system
Abstract:
... Examples of pore and solid chord distributions obtained for ideal porous media are presented, and the distributions of the porous and solid phases of a soil have been studied by pore and solid chord distributions. Serial sections, 100 μm apart, were cut in a soil core, impregnated with resin, and images were obtained of them. The 2D images from 160 sections were used to build a 3D reconstruction o ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01844.x

20. The significance of organic separates to carbon dynamics and its modelling in some cultivated soils

Author:
J. BALESDENT
Source:
European journal of soil science 1996 v.47 no.4 pp. 485-493
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
acid hydrolysis; carbon; corn; fulvic acids; humic acids; labeling techniques; long term experiments; models; oxidation; prediction; soil
Abstract:
... Soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics are usually described by compartmental models. We have sought SOM separates that might be related to SOM dynamic compartments. The turnover of C in various separates from long–term field experiments with maize was measured using the natural 13C labelling technique. The Rothamsted carbon model gave a good prediction of the observed C turnover. Primary particle–siz ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01848.x

21. A 13C-NMR study of the interactions of soil organic matter with aluminium and allophane in podzols

Author:
Parfitt, R.L.; Yuan, G.; Theng, B.K.G.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 695-700
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil organic matter; aluminum; allophane; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00274.x

22. Analysis and elucidation of soil variation using wavelets

Author:
Lark, R.M.; Webster, R.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 185-206
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil surveys; data analysis; algorithms; spatial variation
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.t01-1-00234.x

23. Blocking the release of potassium from clay interlayers by small concentrations of NH4+ and Cs+

Author:
Springob, G.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 665-674
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
exchangeable cations; cesium; clay; ammonium compounds; potassium
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00272.x

24. Calculation of nitrogen mineralization and leaching in fallow soil using a simple dynamic model

Author:
Mary, B.; Beaudoin, N.; Justes, E.; Machet, J.M.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 549-566
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
mineralization; agricultural soils; simulation models; soil water content; nitrate nitrogen; leaching
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00264.x

25. Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in alkaline saline soil of the former Lake Texcoco (Mexico) as affected by application of sewage sludge

Author:
Beltran-Hernandez, R.I.; Coss-Munoz, E.; Luna-Guido, M.L.; Mercado-Garcia, F.; Siebe, C.; Dendooven, L.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 601-608
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
gas production (biological); sewage sludge; carbon; nitrogen; alkaline soils; soil salinity; mineralization; ammonia; volatilization; microbial activity; carbon dioxide; Mexico
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00270.x

26. Carbon, nitrogen and microbial gradients induced by plant residues decomposing in soil

Author:
Gaillard, V.; Chenu, C.; Recous, S.; Richard, G.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 567-578
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
wheat straw; degradation; soil organic matter; carbon; nitrogen; microbial activity; soil structure
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00266.x

27. Changes in soil chemistry accompanying acidification over more than 100 years under woodland and grass at Rothamsted Experimental Station, UK

Author:
L. Blake; K. W. T. Goulding; C. J. B. Mott; A. E. Johnston
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 401-412
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
acid deposition; acidification; acidity; aluminum; anions; base saturation; canopy; cation exchange capacity; clay minerals; climate; ecosystems; exchangeable cations; grasses; grasslands; iron; manganese; nitrogen; parks; pollutants; protons; soil pH; soil profiles; sulfur; wilderness; woodland soils; woodlands; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... We have examined the effect that acid deposition and other sources of acidity have had over the last 110–140 years on soil under woodland (Broadbalk and Geescroft Wildernesses) and grassland (Park Grass) comprising some of the Classical Experiments at Rothamsted Experimental Station. Changes in soil chemistry have been followed by analysing some of the unique archive of stored samples for pH, ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00253.x

28. Changes to hardsetting properties of soil by addition of metal hydroxides

Author:
Breuer, J.; Schwertmann, U.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 657-664
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
ferrihydrite; aluminum hydroxide; soil water content; tensile strength; semiarid soils; soil aggregates; Cameroon
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00259.x

29. Characterization of the porous structure of soils: adsorption of nitrogen (77 K) and carbon dioxide (273 K), and mercury porosimetry

Author:
J. C. Echeverría; M. T. Morera; C. Mazkiarán; J. J. Garrido
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 497-503
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
active sites; adsorption; carbon dioxide; mercury; micropores; nitrogen; organic matter
Abstract:
... Accessibility of adsorbates to internal active sites of soils depends mainly on the porous structure of the material. We aimed to determine the distribution of pore sizes in soils with varied physico‐chemical properties, by combining adsorption of gases and mercury porosimetry. Microporosity was studied by physical adsorption of N2 at 77 K and CO2 at 273 K; mercury intrusion porosimetry allowed us ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00261.x

30. Charred organic carbon in German chernozemic soils

Author:
Schmidt, M.W.I.; Skjemstad, J.O.; Gehrt, E.; Kogel-Knabner, I.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 351-365
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil organic matter; soil properties; burnt soils; soil horizons; Germany; Netherlands
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00236.x

31. Content and bioavailability of organic forms of nitrogen in the O horizon of a podzol

Author:
Johnsson, L.; Berggren, D.; Karen, O.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 591-600
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
bioavailability; amino acids; amino sugars; amino nitrogen; seedlings; Picea abies; ammonium nitrate
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00256.x

32. Dynamics of dissolved organic nitrogen and carbon in a Central European Norway spruce ecosystem

Author:
Michalzik, B.; Matzner, E.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 579-590
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
nitrogen; soil depth; Picea abies; soil horizons; carbon; amino sugars; forest soils; amino nitrogen; biogeochemical cycles; Germany
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00267.x

33. Effect of water tension on ethylene production and consumption in montane and lowland soils in Austria

Author:
S. Zechmeister‐Boltenstern; L. Nikodim
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 425-432
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
anaerobic conditions; anaerobiosis; atmospheric chemistry; carbon; correlation; deciduous forests; ethylene; ethylene production; flooded conditions; forest soils; glucose; humus; land use; lowlands; mountains; nitrogen content; oxygen; pastures; plant growth; soil pH; soil quality; Austria
Abstract:
... The trace gas ethylene affects plant growth and atmospheric chemistry and it interferes with soil restoration. In soil ethylene is simultaneously produced and consumed by different microorganisms. The effects of land use and soil moisture conditions on processes leading to an accumulation of ethylene are still unclear. We measured the rates at which montane and lowland soils from Austria produced ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00252.x

34. Effects of mineral and monocarboxylic acids on the molecular association of dissolved humic substances

Author:
Piccolo, A.; Conte, P.; Cozzolino, A.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 687-694
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
monocarboxylic acids; minerals; humus
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00276.x

35. Efficacy of perforating the soil to capture and store rain during fallow in dry regions

Author:
S. R. Cattle
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 481-487
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
macropores; soil water content; surface area; evaporation rate; ponds; air temperature; water harvesting; fallow; edaphic factors; rain; topsoil; water content; environmental impact; surface water
Abstract:
... Perforating topsoil of poor conductivity with artificial macropores can often improve the capture and storage of rain in dryland cropping. However, several features can render it of little merit. These include the inability of artificial macropores effectively to harvest coalescing water on the soil surface, and the increased evaporation caused by the greater surface area of subsoil exposed to the ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00250.x

36. Empirical modelling of the kinetics of phosphate sorption to macropore materials in aggregated subsoils

Author:
Hansen, H.C.B.; Hansen, P.E.; Magid, J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 317-327
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
sorption; leaching; macropores; subsoil; equations; phosphates; soil aggregates
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00235.x

37. Equilibria of weak acids and organic Al complexes explain activity of H+ and Al3+ in a salt extract of exchangeable cations

Author:
Nissinen, A.; Ilvesniemi, H.; Tanskanen, N.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 675-686
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil horizons; aluminum; exchangeable cations
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00265.x

38. Evaluating soil salinity status from bulk electrical conductivity and permittivity

Author:
M. A. Malicki; R. T. Walczak
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 505-514
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
electrical conductivity; mineral soils; normal values; reflectometry; salinity; sand; soil density; soil salinity; soil salts; soil sampling; soil solution; soil water; water content
Abstract:
... In the range of volumetric water content, θ, from about 0.12 cm3 cm–3 to saturation the relation between bulk electrical conductivity, Cb, and bulk electrical permittivity, ε, of mineral soils was observed to be linear. The partial derivative ∂Cb/∂ε appeared independent of the moisture content and directly proportional to soil salinity. We found that the variable Xs = ∂Cb/∂ε de ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00245.x

39. Gas diffusion in a silty-clay soil: experimental study on an undisturbed soil core and simulation in its three-dimensional reconstruction

Author:
Cousin, I.; Porion, P.; Renault, P.; Levitz, P.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 249-259
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
silty soils; clay soils; gases; diffusion
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00215.x

40. Management effects on forms of phosphorus in soil and leaching losses

Author:
P. Leinweber; R. Meissner; K. ‐U. Eckhardt; J. Seeger
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 413-424
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
analysis of variance; arable soils; correlation; crop rotation; fallow; fertilizer rates; grasslands; land use; leaching; mineral fertilizers; mineral soils; phosphorus; plant nutrition; sandy soils; soil analysis; soil texture; surface water
Abstract:
... We should know the effects of soil use and management on the contents and forms of soil phosphorus (P) and the resulting potential for leaching losses of P to prevent eutrophication of surface water. We determined P test values, amounts of sequentially extracted forms of P, P sorption capacities and degrees of P saturation in 20 differently treated soils and compared these data with leaching losse ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00249.x

41. Mapping soil texture classes using field textuing, particle size distribution and local knowledge by both conventional and geostatisical methods

Author:
T. Oberthür; P Goovaerts; A . Dobermann
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 457-479
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
alluvial soils; databases; ecosystems; experts; farmers; geographic information systems; irrigated farming; irrigation; kriging; models; particle size distribution; prediction; probability; rice; soil quality; soil surveys; soil texture; texture; topsoil; villages; Philippines; Thailand
Abstract:
... We investigated the utility of three interpolation techniques that ignored descriptive `soft' information and one that used it for mapping topsoil texture classes: re‐coding of soil map units within Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Thiessen polygons, and classifcation of probability vectors estimated by ordinary indicator kriging and simple indicator kriging with local prior means. The re ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00255.x

42. Mapping the soil resources of a recent alluvial plain in Greece using fuzzy sets in GIS environment

Author:
Kollias, V.J.; Kalivas, D.P.; Yassoglou, N.J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 261-273
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
alluvial soils; soil surveys; geographic information systems; mathematical models; Greece
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.t01-1-00231.x

43. Measuring bioavailable trace metals by diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT): soil moisture effects on its performance in soils

Author:
Hooda, P.S.; Zhang, H.; Davison, W.; Edwards, A.C.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 285-294
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
metals; bioavailability; chemical speciation; soil water; methodology
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00226.x

44. Mineralogical development of the silt fractions of a Podzoluvisol on loess in the Paris Basin (France)

Author:
M. Hardy; M. Jamagne; F. Elsass; M. Robert; D. Chesneau
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 443-456
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
basins; chemical analysis; chlorites; clay fraction; crystals; kaolinite; loess; mica; particle size; plagioclase; quartz; rayon; silt fraction; soil formation; transmission electron microscopy; vermiculite; France
Abstract:
... : Much of the Paris Basin is covered with loess, dominated by particles 2–50 μm in diameter, which has undergone strong pedogenesis. We have investigated the mineralogical changes that have accompanied the development of a Podzoluvisol in such material. Four silt‐size and two clay‐size fractions from five horizons of a profile were separated and analysed by X‐ray diffraction, chemical analysis, th ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00246.x

45. Modelling changes in cations in the topsoil of an Amazonian Acrisol in response to additions of wood ash

Author:
Ludwig, B.; Khanna, P.K.; Holscher, D.; Anurugsa, B.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 717-726
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
wood ash; exchangeable cations; sorption; tropics; shifting cultivation; topsoil; Amazonia
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00268.x

46. Modelling long‐term phosphorus leaching and changes in phosphorus fertility in excessively fertilized acid sandy soils

Author:
M. C. Del Campillo; S. E. A. T. M. Van Der Zee; J. Torrent
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 391-399
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
acid soils; crops; eutrophication; leaching; models; oxides; phosphorus; phosphorus fertilizers; soil test values; sorption; surface water; temperate soils; temperate zones
Abstract:
... The sound management of agricultural soils that are heavily loaded with phosphorus (P) involves minimizing the losses of P responsible for eutrophication of surface waters, while ensuring enough P for crops. This paper describes a simple model to examine the compatibility of these two objectives in acid sandy soils in a temperate humid climate. The model is based on several assumptions regarding r ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00244.x

47. Modelling particle mobilization and leaching in macroporous soil

Author:
Jarvis, N.J.; Villholth, K.G.; Ulen, B.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 621-632
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
macropores; colloids; leaching; unsaturated flow; macropore flow; simulation models; translocation (plant physiology)
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00269.x

48. Molecular characteristics related to the biodegradability of humic acid preparations

Author:
Almendros, G.; Dorado, J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 227-236
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
humic acids; soil organic matter; mineralization; biodegradation; mineral soils; chemical structure
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00240.x

49. Movement, adsorption and mineralization of atrazine in two soils with and without switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) roots

Author:
Mersie, W.; Seybold, C.; Tsegaye, T.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 343-349
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
atrazine; leaching; adsorption; mineralization; roots; Panicum virgatum; clay loam soils; loam soils; groundwater contamination; pollution control
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00229.x

50. Neural network models to predict soil water retention

Author:
E. J. W. Koekkoek; H. Booltink
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 489-495
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
bulk density; clay; neural networks; organic matter; plant-water relations; prediction; roots; sand; silt; soil horizons; soil profiles; soil water characteristic; soil water retention; topsoil; water content
Abstract:
... Soil water retention curves are needed to describe the availability of soil water to plants and to model movement of water through unsaturated soils. Measuring these characteristics is time‐consuming, labour‐intensive and therefore expensive. This study was conducted to develop and evaluate functions based on neural networks to predict soil water retention characteristics. Dutch and Scottish data ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00247.x

51. Nitrogen fertilizer leaching from cropped and irrigated sandy soil in Central Turkey

Author:
Unlu, K.; Ozenirler, G.; Yurteri, C.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 609-620
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
tillage; nitrogen fertilizers; leaching; irrigated conditions; ammonium nitrogen; nitrate nitrogen; Solanum tuberosum; groundwater contamination; simulation models; Turkey (country)
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00260.x

52. Particle size fractionation of soil containing coal and combusted particles

Author:
M. W. I. Schmidt; C. Rumpel; I. Kögel‐Knabner
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 515-522
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
carbon; clay; combustion; dispersions; energy; fractionation; hydrogen peroxide; industry; lignite; particle size; particle size distribution; reclaimed soils; soil organic matter; soil properties
Abstract:
... Standard procedure for dispersing natural soils for particle size fractionation can be too aggressive for soil containing coal and other organic particles from coal industries. We have investigated ultrasonic dispersion for the latter in four soils differing in pedogenesis (Phaeozem, Podzol, reclaimed mine soils), carbon content (27.5–138.6 g kg–1), clay content (80–153 g kg–1) and sources of part ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00254.x

53. Simulation of the effect of citrate exudation from roots on the plant availability of phosphate adsorbed on goethite

Author:
J. S. Geelhoed; W. H. Van Riemsdijk; G. R. Findenegg
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 379-390
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
acidification; adsorption; anions; citrates; desorption; exudation; goethite; mechanistic models; pH; phosphates; phosphorus; rhizosphere; roots
Abstract:
... Rhizosphere processes strongly influence the availability of phosphorus (P) to plants. Organic ligands that are exuded from the root surface mobilize phosphorus by dissolution of P minerals or by desorption of adsorbed phosphate. We developed a mechanistic model to study the mobilization of phosphate sorbed on goethite by the exudation of citrate and consequent uptake of phosphate by the root. The ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00251.x

54. Submicroscopy and stable isotope geochemistry of carbonates and associated palygorskite in Iranian Aridisols

Author:
Khademi, H.; Mermut, A.R.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 207-216
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
Aridisols; carbonates; stable isotopes; geochemistry; semiarid soils; semiarid zones; Iran
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.t01-1-00237.x

55. Thermal stability and composition of mineral-bound organic matter in density fractions of soil

Author:
Schulten, H.R.; Leinweber, P.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 237-248
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil organic matter; volatilization; soil separates
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00241.x

56. Topographic and seasonal variations of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity as measured by tension disc infiltrometers at the field scale

Author:
Heddadj, D.; Gascuel-Odoux, C.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 275-283
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
topography; unsaturated hydraulic conductivity; infiltrometers; bulk density; seasonal variation; spatial variation
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00232.x

57. Two-dimensional simulation of bromide transport in a heterogeneous field soil with transient unsaturated flow

Author:
Hammel, K.; Gross, J.; Wessolek, G.; Roth, K.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 633-647
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
bromides; soil water retention; hydraulic conductivity; simulation models; soil horizons; solutes
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00273.x

58. Vertical distribution of low molecular weight aliphatic carboxylic acids in some forest soils of Japan

Author:
Tani, M.; Higashi, T.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 217-226
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil profiles; soil chemistry; forest soils; citric acid; oxalic acid; Japan
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00228.x

59. Water-soluble organic matter in incipient podzols: accumulation in B horizons or in fibres?

Author:
Nierop, K.G.J.; Buurman, P.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 701-711
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
organic matter; B horizons; sandy soils; soil profiles
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00263.x

60. A comparison of models for characterizing the distribution of radionuclides with depth in soils

Author:
Smith, J.T.; Elder, D.G.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 295-307
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
radionuclides; soil depth; spatial distribution; soil profiles; mathematical models
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00233.x

61. The immobilization of nitrogen by straw decomposing in soil

Author:
Cheshire, M.V.; Bedrock, C.N.; Williams, B.L.; Chapman, S.J.; Solntseva, I.; Thomsen, I.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 329-341
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
nitrogen content; wheat straw; arable soils; biodegradation; ammonium nitrate
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00238.x

62. An improved method for determining the specific surface areas of topsoils with varied organic matter content, texture and clay mineral composition

Author:
Theng, B.K.G.; Ristori, G.G.; Santi, C.A.; Percival, H.J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.2 pp. 309-316
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
clay fraction; nitrogen content; soil organic matter; topsoil; soil texture; New Zealand; Fiji
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00230.x

63. A modified Kjeldahl procedure for determining strongly fixed NH4 +‐N

Author:
G. Corti; A. Agnelli; F. C. Ugolini
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 523-534
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
biotite; distillation; forest soils; mica; muscovite; parents; sand; sandstone soils
Abstract:
... This paper reports a procedure for determining the content of strongly fixed NH4 + in soil. The procedure consists of a Kjeldahl digestion followed by an acid attack of the residue with a 5 m HF:1 m HCl solution. Distillations after each of the two treatments recover different forms of NH4 +. The procedure was tested on fine earth (< 2 mm) and skeleton (> 2 mm) fractions of two forest soils develo ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00248.x

64. n‐Alkanes and free fatty acids in humus and A1 horizons of soils under beech, spruce and grass in the Massif‐Central (Mont‐Lozère), France

Author:
F. Marseille; J. R. Disnar; B. Guillet; Y. Noack
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.3 pp. 433-441
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
Fagus; Picea; alkanes; altitude; bedrock; ecosystems; fatty acids; forest soils; free fatty acids; fungi; grasses; grassland soils; grasslands; humification; humus; microbial activity; molecular weight; organic horizons; parents; soil microorganisms; soil profiles; France
Abstract:
... Soil profiles under beech, spruce and a grassland have been analysed to study the evolution of natural n‐alkanes in pollution‐free ecosystems. The soils had all developed on granitic bedrock, at an altitude of 1300–1500 m in the region of Mont‐Lozère (southern Massif‐Central, France). In contrast to the grassland soil, the two forest soils both possessed a well‐developed acidic moder humus‐type ho ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00243.x

65. The solubility characteristics of organic Al precipitates in allophanic Bs horizons could mimic those of Al hydroxides, and indicate the solubility of associated allophanes

Author:
Farmer, V.C.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 713-715
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
aluminum; organic compounds; solubility; chemical precipitation; aluminum hydroxide; allophane; B horizons; soil chemistry
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00271.x

66. The utility of Burns's equation to describe solute movement through soil under various boundary and initial conditions

Author:
Magesan, G.N.; Scotter, D.R.; White, R.E.
Source:
European journal of soil science 1999 v.50 no.4 pp. 649-656
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
leaching; silt loam soils; equations; solutes
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00262.x

67. Accumulation of heterocyclic nitrogen in humified organic matter: a 15N-NMR study of lowland rice soils

Author:
Mahieu, N.; Olk, D.C.; Randall, E.W.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.3 pp. 379-389
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
heterocyclic nitrogen compounds; nutrient availability; soil organic matter; rice soils; bottomland soils; intensive cropping; Philippines
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00328.x

68. Ammonium fluoride extraction for determining inorganic sulphur in acid forest soils

Author:
Prietzel, J.; Hirsch, C.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.2 pp. 323-333
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
sulfur; extraction; mineral soils; acid soils; forest soils; soil pollution; soil horizons
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00299.x

69. Analysis of phosphorus in two humic acid fractions of intensively cropped lowland rice soils by 31P-NMR

Author:
Mahieu, N.; Olk, D.C.; Randall, E.W.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.3 pp. 391-402
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
phosphorus; humic acids; humates; irrigated conditions; intensive cropping; rice soils; bottomland soils; Philippines
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00329.x

70. Application of two methods to determine hydraulic conductivity with disc permeameters on sloping land

Author:
A. Joel; I. Messing
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 93-98
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
disturbed soils; hydraulic conductivity; permeameters; runoff; topographic slope; water content
Abstract:
... The purpose of the present study was to compare two methods for estimating the hydraulic conductivity near saturation with disc permeameters, and to identify their merits when studying runoff on sloping land. The soil's hydraulic conductivity (K) was measured with disc permeameters at a sequence of nominal pressures (ψ) in three blocks with average slope gradients of 11.0% (two occasions), 21.5% ( ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00281.x

71. Changes in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and cations in soil as a result of fire and water erosion in a Mediterranean landscape

Author:
Gimeno-Garcia, E.; Andreu, V.; Rubio, J.L.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.2 pp. 201-210
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil organic matter; nitrogen; phosphorus; exchangeable cations; losses from soil; water erosion; fires; Spain
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00310.x

72. Characteristics of non-allophanic andisols derived from low-activity clay regoliths in the Nilgiri Hills (Southern India)

Author:
Caner, L.; Bourgeon, G.; Toutain, F.; Herbillon, A.J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 553-563
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
clay soils; Andisols; soil profiles; aluminum oxide; iron oxides; soil formation; soil chemistry; India
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00344.x

73. Characterization of beta-D-glucosidase extracted from soil fractions

Author:
Busto, M.D.; Perez-Mateos, M.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.2 pp. 193-200
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
beta-galactosidase; soil enzymes; enzyme activity; acid soils; soil organic matter; soil aggregates
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00309.x

74. Chemical heterogeneity of humic substances: characterization of size fractions obtained by hollow-fibre ultrafiltration

Author:
Christl, I.; Knicker, H.; Kogel-Knabner, I.; Kretzschmar, R.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 617-625
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
particle size distribution; fulvic acids; humic acids
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00352.x

75. Closed chamber systems underestimate soil CO₂ efflux

Author:
M. B. Rayment
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 107-110
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
carbon dioxide; closed loop systems; gas exchange; soil
Abstract:
... Chamber systems are widely used to measure soil CO₂ efflux, using either a closed or an open gas exchange methodology. In comparisons between these two methods fluxes measured with closed systems are often found to be around 10% less than those measured with open systems. One reason why closed chambers might systematically underestimate the true efflux rate is that the effective chamber volume is ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00283.x

76. Decalcification of soils subject to periodic waterlogging

Author:
G. A. Van Den Berg; J. P. G. Loch
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 27-33
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
agricultural soils; calcium carbonate; carbon dioxide; drainage; flooded conditions; groundwater; hydric soils; oxidation; risk; solutes; sulfides; wetlands
Abstract:
... Intense decalcification of fine‐grained organic‐rich soils subject to periodic oxidation and reduction takes place in the Biesbosch, a freshwater, tidally influenced wetland area in the Rhine–Meuse delta in The Netherlands. Soil chemical (sulphide concentration and pore‐water characteristics) and hydrological variables (drainage) were measured in three representative Fluvisols differing in hydrolo ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00279.x

77. Determination of moisture content in a deformable soil using time‐domain reflectometry (TDR)

Author:
D. J. Kim; S. I. Choi; O. Ryszard; J. Feyen; H. S. Kim
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 119-127
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
clay; deformation; drying; electromagnetic radiation; forest soils; forests; models; organic matter; porous media; reflectometry; shrinkage; silt; soil water; spatial distribution; water content
Abstract:
... Time‐domain reflectometry (TDR) is being used increasingly for measuring the moisture content of porous media. However, successful application for measuring water in soil has been limited to non‐deformable soils, and it would be a valuable extension of the technique if it could be used for soils that shrink on drying. We have recently investigated its application to soils rich in clay and organic ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00284.x

78. Dissolved components in precipitation water percolated through forest litter

Author:
Hongve, D.; Hees, P.A.W. van; Lundstrom, U.S.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 667-677
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
forest trees; autumn; forest litter; cations; leaching; spring; carbon; biodegradation; biodegradability; leachates; leaves; Norway
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00339.x

79. Distribution of microbial biomass and phospholipid fatty acids in Podzol profiles under coniferous forest

Author:
Fritze, H.; Pietikainen, J.; Pennanen, T.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 565-573
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil profiles; soil microorganisms; microbial activity; phospholipids; fatty acids; soil fertility; forest soils; coniferous forests
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00346.x

80. Dynamics of soil organic matter associated with particle-size fractions of water-stable aggregates

Author:
Puget, P.; Chenu, C.; Balesdent, J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 595-605
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil organic matter; particle size; carbon; soil aggregates
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00353.x

81. Effect of root mucilage and modelled root exudates on soil structure

Author:
Traore, O.; Groleau-Renaud, V.; Plantureux, S.; Tubeileh, A.; Boeuf-Tremblay, V.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 575-581
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
mucilages; root exudates; biodegradation; carbon; microbial activity; rhizosphere; silt loam soils; soil aggregates; aggregate stability
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00348.x

82. Electron balance during steady-state production of CH4 and CO2 in anoxic rice soil

Author:
Yao, H.; Conrad, R.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.3 pp. 369-378
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
carbon dioxide; anaerobic conditions; soil organic matter; rice soils; global warming; methane; methane production
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00330.x

83. Enchytraeid worms (Oligochaeta) enhance mineralization of carbon in organic upland soils

Author:
Cole, L.; Bardgett, R.D.; Ineson, P.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.2 pp. 185-192
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
Enchytraeidae; soil invertebrates; mineralization; degradation; soil depth; upland soils; United Kingdom
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00297.x

84. Estimation of soil weathering stage and acid neutralizing capacity in a toposequence Luvisol–Cambisol on loess under deciduous forest in Belgium

Author:
V. Brahy; J. Deckers; B. Delvaux
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 1-13
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
acid soils; acidification; aluminum; buffers; clay; clay fraction; clay minerals; colluvium; deciduous forests; forestry; iron; loess; neutralization; protons; silicates; silt; soil weathering; weathering; Belgium
Abstract:
... Soils derived from loess are extensive in Europe and are well suited for forestry. They are suspected to be poor acid buffers, however. We have estimated the weathering stage and acid neutralizing capacity of acid soils under forest in a toposequence on loess in the Belgian silt belt. The soils vary distinctly in morphology and physico‐chemical properties according to their topographic position. D ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00285.x

85. From local hydraulic properties to effective transport in soil

Author:
R. Kasteel; H. ‐J. Vogel; K. Roth
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 81-91
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
absorption; bulk density; hydraulic conductivity; simulation models; solutes
Abstract:
... The inability to predict flow and transport behaviour based on a priori information demonstrates the lack of knowledge we currently have concerning transport‐relevant properties or processes, or both. We present an approach in which the behaviour of effective solute transport at the scale of a soil column (100 mm) is predicted by taking into account the spatial structure of the hydraulic propertie ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00282.x

86. Interactions of allophane with humic acid and cations

Author:
G. Yuan; B. K. G. Theng; R. L. Parfitt; H. J. Percival
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 35-41
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
calcium chloride; organic matter; sorption; calcium; allophanic soils; cations; clay; pH; sodium; sodium chloride; allophane; ionic strength; screening; New Zealand
Abstract:
... Allophanic soils are known to accumulate organic matter, but the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Here we have investigated the sorption of humic acid (HA) by an allophanic clay in the presence of varied concentrations of either CaCl₂ or NaCl as background electrolytes. Both the HA and the clay were separated from New Zealand soils. Much more HA was sorbed in CaCl₂ than in NaCl of the ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00295.x

87. Interactions of aluminium and fulvic acid in moderately acid solutions: stoichiometry of the H+/Al3+ exchange

Author:
Simonsson, M.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 655-666
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
buffering capacity; cation exchange; aluminum; soil pH; fulvic acids
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00349.x

88. Loss of phosphorus from soil in semi-arid northern Tanzania as a result of cropping: evidence from sequential extraction and 31P-NMR spectroscopy

Author:
Solomon, D.; Lehmann, J.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 699-708
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
tillage; phosphorus; losses from soil; soil chemistry; land use; soil degradation; low input agriculture; extraction; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Tanzania
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00326.x

89. Methods for determining labile cadmium and zinc in soil

Author:
S. D. Young; A. Tye; A. Carstensen; L. Resende; N. Crout
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 129-136
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
cadmium; calcium chloride; electrolytes; filtration; isotopes; mine spoil; pH; polluted soils; sewage sludge; zinc
Abstract:
... Isotopically exchangeable cadmium and zinc (‘E values’) were measured on soils historically contaminated by sewage sludge and ones on zinc‐rich mine spoil. The E‐value assay involves determining the distribution of an added metal isotope, e.g. ¹⁰⁹Cd, between the solid and solution phases of a soil suspension. The E values for both metals were found to be robust to changes in the position of the me ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00286.x

90. Modelling changes in soil organic matter after planting fast-growing Pinus radiata on Mediterranean agricultural soils

Author:
Romanya, J.; Cortina, J.; Falloon, P.; Coleman, K.; Smith, P.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 627-641
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil organic matter; carbon; nitrogen content; carbon nitrogen ratio; afforestation; forest plantations; Pinus radiata; agricultural soils; climate change; carbon sequestration
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00343.x

91. Nutrient concentrations and acidity in ferralitic soil under perennial cropping, fallow and primary forest in central Amazonia

Author:
Schroth, G.; Seixas, R.; Silva, L.F. da.; Teixeira, W.G.; Zech, W.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.2 pp. 219-231
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
upland soils; nutrient content; Bactris gasipaes; cation exchange capacity; acid soils; tropical forests; soil depth; fallow; soil fertility; Brazil; Amazonia
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00303.x

92. Particulate organic matter as a source of variation in denitrification in clods of soils

Author:
Parry, S.; Renault, P.; Chadoeuf, J.; Chenu, C.; Lensi, R.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.2 pp. 271-281
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
gas production (biological); tillage; denitrification; soil organic matter; soil structure; microbial activity; carbon dioxide; grassland soils; arable soils
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00298.x

93. Simulation of calcium leaching and desorption in an acid forest soil

Author:
Praag, H.J. van.; Smedt, F. de.; Vu Thanh, T.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.2 pp. 245-255
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
simulation models; acid soils; calcium; leaching; forest soils; desorption
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00302.x

94. Simulation of water retention and hydraulic conductivity in soil using a three‐dimensional network

Author:
D. M. W. Peat; G. P. Matthews; P. J. Worsfold; S. C. Jarvis
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 65-79
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
drainage; groundwater; models; nutrients; pollutants; sandy soils; saturated hydraulic conductivity; soil water; tracer techniques; unsaturated hydraulic conductivity; water flow
Abstract:
... The conduction of water by soil is fundamental to the way in which soils transport nutrients and pollutants into groundwater. The derivation of relations between water flow and void structure has relied on the implicit assumption that water flows through aligned unconnected cylindrical capillary tubes. We describe a three‐dimensionally interconnected model of void structure, called Pore‐Cor, which ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00294.x

95. Surface podzolization in Cambisols under deciduous forest in the Belgian loess belt

Author:
V. Brahy; H. Titeux; A. Iserentant; B. Delvaux
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 15-26
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
absorbance; acid soils; aluminum; cations; clay fraction; deciduous forests; humus; iron; loess; moder; plant litter; smectite
Abstract:
... Surface podzolization involves the migration of metal–humus complexes to a depth of a few centimetres. In acid soils derived from loess, this process has been diagnosed mainly by morphological observation. We investigated this process in a toposequence of Luvisols and Cambisols on loess using selective extraction and mineralogical data as well as characteristics of the leaf litter. The humus type ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00287.x

96. Temporal changes in chemical properties of air-dried stored soils and their interpretation for long-term experiments

Author:
Blake, L.; Goulding, K.W.T.; Mott, C.J.B.; Poulton, P.R.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.2 pp. 345-353
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
temporal variation; exchangeable cations; soil; duration; pH; storage
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00307.x

97. Transformation and binding of ¹³C and ¹⁴C‐labelled atrazine in relation to straw decomposition in soil

Author:
P. Benoit; C. M. Preston
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 43-54
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
agricultural soils; atrazine; humic acids; loam soils; wheat straw
Abstract:
... As a source of organic matter, crop residues affect the behaviour of pesticides in agricultural soils. The fate of [U‐ring‐¹³C] and [U‐ring‐¹⁴C] atrazine (6‐chloro‐N‐ethyl‐N‐isopropyl‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐diamine) was investigated during laboratory incubation under controlled conditions in a loamy soil amended with wheat straw at two different states of decomposition: no preliminary decomposition or ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00288.x

98. Transformation of organic matter from maize residues into labile and humic fractions of three European soils as revealed by 13C distribution and CPMAS-NMR spectra

Author:
Spaccini, R.; Piccolo, A.; Haberhauer, G.; Gerzabek, M.H.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 583-594
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
soil organic matter; carbon; spatial distribution; plant residues; carbohydrates; particle size; mineralization; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; humic substances
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00341.x

99. Using regression models in design‐based estimation of spatial means of soil properties

Author:
D. J. Brus
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.1 pp. 159-172
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
case studies; confidence interval; models; regression analysis; sampling; soil properties
Abstract:
... The precision of design‐based sampling strategies can be increased by using regression models at the estimation stage. A general regression estimator is given that can be used for a wide variety of models and any well‐defined sampling design. It equals the π estimator plus an adjustment term that accounts for the differences between the π estimators for the spatial means of the auxiliary variables ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00277.x

100. Water retention properties of the clay in soils developed on clayey sediments: significance of parent material and soil history

Author:
Bruand, A.; Tessier, D.
Source:
European journal of soil science 2000 v.51 no.4 pp. 679-688
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
sediments; cation exchange capacity; subsoil; clay; soil water retention
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000.00338.x