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You searched for: Journal Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Remove constraint Journal: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Subject licorice Remove constraint Subject: licorice Subject term licorice Remove constraint Subject term: licorice
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1. Glycyrrhizic Acid against Mycoplasma gallisepticum-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis Through Suppressing the MAPK Pathway in Chickens

Author:
Yingjie Wang; Lulu Wang; Ronglong Luo; Yingfei Sun; Mengyun Zou; Tengfei Wang; Qiao Guo; Xiuli Peng
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2022 v.70 no.6 pp. 1996-2009
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Mycoplasma gallisepticum; antibiotics; apoptosis; drug resistance; food chemistry; glycyrrhizin; histopathology; inflammation; licorice; lungs; pathogens; pharmacology; poultry production; protein synthesis; virulence
Abstract:
... Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is the primary pathogen of chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) in chickens. In poultry production, antibiotics are mostly used to prevent and control MG infection, but the drug resistance and residue problems caused by them cannot be ignored. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is derived from licorice, a herb traditionally used to treat various respiratory diseases. Our study res ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07848

2. Quantitative Mapping of Flavor and Pharmacologically Active Compounds in European Licorice Roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) in Response to Growth Conditions and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Symbiosis

Author:
Christian Schmid; Verena Mittermeier-Kleßinger; Verena Christina Tabea Peters; Florian Berger; Marlene Kramler; Heidi Heuberger; Rudolf Rinder; Thomas Hofmann; Caroline Gutjahr; Corinna Dawid
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2021 v.69 no.44 pp. 13173-13189
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza glabra; Glycyrrhiza uralensis; bitterness; food chemistry; glycyrrhizin; licorice; medicinal properties; phosphates; polyphenols; roots; saponins; taste; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae
Abstract:
... Application of a sensitive UHPLC–MS/MSMRM method enabled the simultaneous quantitation of 23 sweet-, licorice-, and bitter-tasting saponins in Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., different licorice plants and root compartments, processed licorice, as well as different Glycyrrhiza spp. The combination of quantitative data with sweet, licorice, and bitter taste thresholds led to the ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05576

3. Galactosylation of Monosaccharide Derivatives of Glycyrrhetinic Acid by UDP-Glycosyltransferase GmSGT2 from Glycine max

Author:
Yanan Gao; Liang Zhang; Xudong Feng; Xiaofei Liu; Fang Guo; Bo Lv; Chun Li
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2020 v.68 no.32 pp. 8580-8588
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Glycine max; food chemistry; galactose; glycosides; glycosylation; glycyrrhetinic acid; licorice; moieties; skeleton
Abstract:
... Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid aglycone, is the major functional component in licorice which mainly exists in the form of functional glycosides in licorice. The introduction of a sugar moiety to the C-3 OH of GA to yield glycosylated derivatives has been reported, but the late-stage glycosylation of GA-3-O-sugar to form rare GA glycosides with more complexed glycosyl decorati ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03842

4. High-Yield Synthesis of Transglycosylated Mogrosides Improves the Flavor Profile of Monk Fruit Extract Sweeteners

Author:
Ana Muñoz-Labrador; Silvana Azcarate; Rosa Lebrón-Aguilar; Jesús E. Quintanilla-López; Plácido Galindo-Iranzo; Sofia Kolida; Lisa Methven; Robert A. Rastall; F. Javier Moreno; Oswaldo Hernandez-Hernandez
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2021 v.69 no.3 pp. 1011-1019
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Geobacillus; Paenibacillus macerans; Siraitia grosvenorii; Thermoanaerobacter; cyclodextrins; cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase; enzyme activity; flavor; food chemistry; fruit extracts; glycosylation; licorice; liquid chromatography; maltodextrins; pH; sensory evaluation; sugars; temperature
Abstract:
... Luo Han Guo fruit extract (Siraitia grosvenorii), mainly composed of mogroside V (50%), could be considered a suitable alternative to free sugars; however, its commercial applications are limited by its unpleasant off-notes. In the present work, a central composite design method was employed to optimize the transglycosylation of a mogroside extract using cyclodextrin glucosyltransferases (CGTases) ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07267

5. SAR Study on Estrogen Receptor α/β Activity of (Iso)flavonoids: Importance of Prenylation, C-Ring (Un)Saturation, and Hydroxyl Substituents

Author:
Obinna C. Mbachu; Caitlin Howell; Charlotte Simmler; Gonzalo R. Malca Garcia; Kornelia J. Skowron; Huali Dong; Sarah G. Ellis; Ryan T. Hitzman; Atieh Hajirahimkhan; Shao-Nong Chen; Dejan Nikolic; Terry W. Moore; Günter Vollmer; Guido F. Pauli; Judy L. Bolton; Birgit M. Dietz
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2020 v.68 no.39 pp. 10651-10663
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Epimedium; Glycyrrhiza inflata; Trifolium pratense; estrogen receptors; estrogenic properties; food chemistry; genistein; licorice; menopause; structure-activity relationships
Abstract:
... Many botanicals used for women’s health contain estrogenic (iso)flavonoids. The literature suggests that estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) activity can counterbalance estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-mediated proliferation, thus providing a better safety profile. A structure–activity relationship study of (iso)flavonoids was conducted to identify ERβ-preferential structures, overall estrogenic activity, a ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03526

6. Comparative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Accumulation Difference of Bioactive Constituents in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch under Salt Stress

Author:
Chengcheng Wang; Lihong Chen; Zhi chen Cai; Cuihua Chen; Zixiu Liu; Xunhong Liu; Lisi Zou; Jiali Chen; Mengxia Tan; Lifang Wei; Yuqi Mei
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2020 v.68 no.5 pp. 1480-1493
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza uralensis; biosynthesis; breeding; chalcone; flavonols; gene expression regulation; glycyrrhizin; isomerases; licorice; ligases; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; protein synthesis; proteomics; salinity; salt stress; structural genes; structural proteins; sweetness; world markets; China
Abstract:
... Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) possesses a substantial share of the global markets for its unique sweet flavor and diverse pharmacological compounds. Cultivated licorice is widely distributed in northwest regions of China, covered with land with a broad range of salinities. A preliminary study indicated that suitable salt stress significantly increased the content of bioactive constituents ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04887

7. Mining of Sucrose Synthases from Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Their Application in the Construction of an Efficient UDP-Recycling System

Author:
Liang Zhang; Yanan Gao; Xiaofei Liu; Fang Guo; Congxuan Ma; Jianhua Liang; Xudong Feng; Chun Li
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.42 pp. 11694-11702
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza uralensis; biochemical pathways; carbohydrate metabolism; genes; genome mining; glycosylation; glycyrrhetinic acid; half life; licorice; mutants; sucrose; sucrose synthase; uridine diphosphate
Abstract:
... Sucrose synthase (SUS) plays an important role in carbohydrate metabolism in plants. The SUS genes in licorice remain unknown. To reveal the sucrose metabolic pathway in licorice, all the 12 putative SUS genes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis were systematically identified by genome mining, and two novel SUSs (GuSUS1 and GuSUS2) were isolated and characterized for the first time. Furthermore, we found tha ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05178

8. Boiling Licorice Produces Self-Assembled Protein Nanoparticles: A Novel Source of Bioactive Nanomaterials

Author:
Jianwu Zhou; Jian Zhang; Guanzhen Gao; Huiqin Wang; Xiaoyan He; Tianbao Chen; Lijing Ke; Pingfan Rao; Qiang Wang
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.33 pp. 9354-9361
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza uralensis; Oriental traditional medicine; astragalosides; boiling; buffers; cytotoxicity; drugs; encapsulation; hepatocytes; human cell lines; ingredients; licorice; molecular weight; nanoparticles; pH; proteins; prototypes; rhizomes; solubilization; zeta potential
Abstract:
... As a popular ingredient for western and traditional Chinese medicine, the root and rhizome of Chinese licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is often administered in the form of a decoction. The protein nanoparticles (NPs) self-assembled during the process of decoction. A major constitutive protein (GLP) was purified and determined to have a molecular weight of 28 kDa with an N-terminal sequence ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03208

9. Modification, Antitumor Activity, and Targeted PPARγ Study of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid, an Important Active Ingredient of Licorice

Author:
Juan Sun; Han-Yu Liu; Cheng-Zhi Lv; Jie Qin; Yuan-Feng Wu
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2019 v.67 no.34 pp. 9643-9651
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Oriental traditional medicine; active ingredients; agonists; antineoplastic activity; drug design; food industry; glycyrrhetinic acid; licorice; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; pharmaceutical industry; piperazine; toxicity
Abstract:
... Licorice is a traditional Chinese medicine, which is often used as sweetener and cosmetic ingredients in food and pharmaceutical industries. Among them, glycyrrhetic acid is one of the most important agents. Studies have shown that glycyrrhetic acid exhibited antitumor activities as PPARγ agonist. However, the limited number of PPARγ glycyrrhetinic agonists and their high toxicity greatly limit th ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03442

10. Lipid-Lowering Effects of Medium-Chain Triglyceride-Enriched Coconut Oil in Combination with Licorice Extracts in Experimental Hyperlipidemic Mice

Author:
Eun-Jung Lee; Hyeongjoo Oh; Beom Goo Kang; Min-Kyung Kang; Dong Yeon Kim; Yun-Ho Kim; Jeong Yeol Lee; Joung Gun Ji; Soon Sung Lim; Young-Hee Kang
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2018 v.66 no.40 pp. 10447-10457
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza uralensis; Oriental traditional medicine; animal disease models; antioxidant activity; blood; blood glucose; blood lipids; brown adipose tissue; coconut oil; decanoic acid; diet; dodecanoic acid; epididymis; fatty liver; hepatotoxicity; human health; hyperlipidemia; insulin; licorice; lipid composition; liver; medium chain triacylglycerols; mice; obesity; oral administration; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
Abstract:
... Coconut oil has gained in popularity over recent years as a healthy oil due to its potential cardiovascular benefits. Coconut oil contains medium chain triglycerides (MCT) including lauric acid and capric acid that display beneficial properties in human health. Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) is used as a sweetener and in traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and ant ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04080

11. New Sweet-Tasting Oleanane-Type Triterpenoid Saponins from “Tugancao” (Derris eriocarpa How)

Author:
Zhang Hong-Xia; Sun Guo; Gu Jian-Long; Du Zhi-Zhi
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2017 v.65 no.11 pp. 2357-2363
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Derris; body weight; caudal vein; fractionation; humans; licorice; liquid chromatography; mice; sensory evaluation; stems; sucrose; sweet-tasting compounds; sweetness; tandem mass spectrometry; taste; toxicity; triterpenoid saponins; China
Abstract:
... With the aim to investigate the sweet-tasting compounds in Derris eriocarpa How (a substitute for licorice in “Zhuang” and “Dai” ethnopharmacy in Guangxi and Yunnan provinces of China) as well as to ascertain why the stem of D. eriocarpa can be used to substitute for licorice in the sweetness taste aspect, taste sensory-guided fractionation was conducted to isolate sweet constituents from the extr ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00137

12. Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds in Heat-Processed Licorice (Succus Liquiritiae) by Means of Molecular Sensory Science

Author:
Wagner Juliane; Schieberle Peter; Granvogl Michael
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2017 v.65 no.1 pp. 132-138
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
cineole; flavor compounds; isotope dilution technique; licorice; models; odor compounds; odors; stable isotopes; sucrose; vanillin
Abstract:
... Application of the sensomics concept elucidated the key odorants of heat-processed licorice (Succus Liquiritiae). Forty-nine aroma-active compounds with flavor dilution (FD) factors between 16 and 2048 were detected; 47 thereof were identified, 23 for the first time in heated licorice. 4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethylfuran-3(2H)-one revealed the highest FD factor of 2048, followed by 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethylf ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04499

13. Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds in Raw Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) by Means of Molecular Sensory Science

Author:
Wagner Juliane; Granvogl Michael; Schieberle Peter
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2016 v.64 no.44 pp. 8388-8396
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza glabra; flavor; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; isotope dilution technique; licorice; linalool; mixing; models; odor compounds; odors; stable isotopes; vanillin
Abstract:
... Application of the molecular sensory science concept including aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) on the basis of gas chromatography–olfactometry combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry elucidated the key odorants of raw licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.). Fifty aroma-active compounds were located via AEDA; 16 thereof were identified in raw licorice for the first time. γ-Nonalactone, ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03676

14. Perspective on Biotransformation and De Novo Biosynthesis of Licorice Constituents

Author:
Yujia Zhao; Bo Lv; Xudong Feng; Chun Li
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2017 v.65 no.51 pp. 11147-11156
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza; bioactive compounds; biocatalysts; bioengineering; biosynthesis; biotransformation; cosmetics; ecology; economic valuation; herbal medicines; industry; licorice; microorganisms; rhizomes; roots; tobacco
Abstract:
... Licorice, an important herbal medicine, is derived from the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza genus plants. It has been widely used in food, pharmaceutical, tobacco, and cosmetics industries with high economic value. However, overexploitation of licorice resources has severely destroyed the local ecology. Therefore, producing bioactive compounds of licorice through the biotransformation and ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04470

15. Determination of 2-Methylimidazole, 4-Methylimidazole, and 2-Acetyl-4-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutyl)imidazole in Licorice Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Stable-Isotope Dilution Analysis

Author:
Marion Raters; Paul W. Elsinghorst; Stephanie Goetze; Anna Dingel; Reinhard Matissek
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2015 v.63 no.25 pp. 5930-5934
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
ammonium chloride; detection limit; food coloring; licorice; liquid chromatography; manufacturing; monitoring; stable isotopes; tandem mass spectrometry
Abstract:
... A quick and selective analytical method was developed for the simultaneous quantitation of 2-methylimidazole, 4-methylimidazole, and 2-acetyl-4-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutyl)imidazole, which are known to be formed by Maillard reactions. The methodology reported here employs stable-isotope dilution analysis (SIDA) using 4-methylimidazole-d6 and [13C6]-2-acetyl-4-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutyl)imidazole as ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01493

16. Development of Double Eastern Blotting for Major Licorice Components, Glycyrrhizin and Liquiritin for Chemical Quality Control of Licorice Using anti-Glycyrrhizin and anti-Liquiritin Monoclonal Antibodies

Author:
Fujii Shunsuke; Morinaga Osamu; Uto Takuhiro; Nomura Shuichi; Shoyama Yukihiro
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2016 v.64 no.5 pp. 1087-1093
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
beverages; bioactive properties; chemical control; climate; environmental factors; food industry; functional foods; glycyrrhizin; immunohistochemistry; licorice; monoclonal antibodies; quality control; soil quality
Abstract:
... Licorice is utilized in various food industries around the world for seasoning agents, confectioneries, drinks, and functional foods. Glycyrrhizin (GL) and liquiritin (Liq) are major quality control chemical markers of licorice that have multifunctional bioactivities. Chemical quality control of licorice is important because its component profiles change depending environmental factors (climate, s ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04732

17. Identification and Chemical Standardization of Licorice Raw Materials and Dietary Supplements Using UHPLC-MS/MS

Author:
Guannan Li; Dejan Nikolic; Richard B. Van Breemen
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2016 v.64 no.42 pp. 8062-8070
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza glabra; Glycyrrhiza uralensis; chalcones; dietary supplements; fish; flavanones; glycyrrhizin; isoflavonoids; licorice; liquid chromatography; medicinal plants; powders; raw materials; roots; saponins; stems; tandem mass spectrometry
Abstract:
... Defined as the roots and underground stems of principally three Glycyrrhiza species, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fish. ex DC., and Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin, licorice has been used as a medicinal herb for millennia and is marketed as root sticks, powders, and extracts. Identity tests described in most pharmacopeial monographs enabled the distinction of Glycyrrhiza species. Accor ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02954
PubMed:
27696846
PubMed Central:
PMC5378676

18. Prenylation and Backbone Structure of Flavonoids and Isoflavonoids from Licorice and Hop Influence Their Phase I and II Metabolism

Author:
Milou G. M. van de Schans; Toine F. H. Bovee; Geert M. Stoopen; Marlies Lorist; Harry Gruppen; Jean-Paul Vincken
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2015 v.63 no.49 pp. 10628-10640
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
estrogenic properties; flavanones; guidelines; hydroxylation; isoflavonoids; isomers; licorice; liver; mass spectrometry; metabolism; metabolites; pork; sulfates
Abstract:
... In vitro liver metabolism of 11 prenylated flavonoids and isoflavonoids was investigated by determining their phase I glucuronyl and sulfate metabolites using pork liver preparations. One hundred metabolites were annotated using RP-UHPLC-ESI-MSn. A mass spectrometry-based data interpretation guideline was proposed for the tentative annotation of the position of hydroxyl groups, considering its rel ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04703

19. Protective Effects of Glycyrrhizic Acid and 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in BALB/c Mice

Author:
Chi-Hao Wu; An-Zhi Chen; Gow-Chin Yen
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2015 v.63 no.4 pp. 1200-1209
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
adverse effects; blood; cisplatin; creatinine; glycyrrhizin; inflammation; kidney cells; kidneys; lactate dehydrogenase; licorice; males; mice; models; necrosis; nephrotoxicity; nucleoproteins; oral administration; protective effect; transcription factor NF-kappa B; urea nitrogen
Abstract:
... The clinical use of antineoplastic drug cisplatin (CP) is commonly complicated by nephrotoxic side effects that limit its application and therapeutic efficiency. This study used a model of CP-induced renal injury in male BALB/c mice to investigate the protective effects of the active components of licorice, glycyrrhizic acid (GA), and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βGA) against CP-induced nephrotoxi ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf505471a

20. Bioactivity and Potential Health Benefits of Licorice

Author:
Kao Tzu-Chien; Wu Chi-Hao; Yen Gow-Chin
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2014 v.62 no.3 pp. 542-553
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Oriental traditional medicine; adverse effects; alternative medicine; anti-inflammatory activity; anti-inflammatory agents; chemoprevention; flavor; functional foods; industry; licorice; tobacco
Abstract:
... Licorice is an herbal plant named for its unique sweet flavor. It is widely used in the food and tobacco industries as a sweetener. Licorice is also used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and complementary medicine. Because the use of licorice has long been a part of TCM, the details of its therapeutic applications have been thoroughly established. In modern science, licorice is of interest be ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf404939f
PubMed:
24377378

21. Glycyrrhetinic Acid Suppressed NF-κB Activation in TNF-α-Induced Hepatocytes

Author:
Chen Hong-Jhang; Kang Shih-Pei; Lee I-Jung; Lin Yun-Lian
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2014 v.62 no.3 pp. 618-625
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza uralensis; Western blotting; food additives; foodborne illness; gene expression; hepatocytes; inflammation; licorice; liver; liver diseases; nitric oxide; nitric oxide synthase; phosphorylation; protein transport; rats; reporter genes; screening; transcription factor NF-kappa B; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a crucial inflammatory cytokine when hepatocytes are damaged. Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (Chinese licorice) has been widely used in Chinese herbal prescriptions for the treatment of liver diseases and as a food additive. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) reporter gene assay in TNF-α-induced HepG2 was used as a screening platform. IκBα phosphorylation and p65 t ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf405352g
PubMed:
24386942

22. Synergy of Licorice Extract and Pea Protein Hydrolysate for Oxidative Stability of Soybean Oil-in-Water Emulsions

Author:
Xin Zhang; Youling L. Xiong; Jie Chen; Lirong Zhou
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2014 v.62 no.32 pp. 8204-8213
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
antioxidant activity; droplets; electron microscopy; emulsions; licorice; lipid peroxidation; oils; oxidation; oxidative stability; oxygen; pea protein; polysorbates; protein hydrolysates; soybeans
Abstract:
... Previously developed radical-scavenging pea protein hydrolysates (PPHs) prepared with Flavourzyme (Fla-PPH) and Protamex (Pro-PPH) were used as cosurfactants with Tween 20 to produce soybean oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, and the suppression of lipid oxidation was investigated. Both PPHs significantly retarded oxidation (P < 0.05) of the emulsions when stored at 37 °C for 14 days. Electron microsc ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf5016126

23. Development of a Monoclonal Antibody-Based Immunochemical Assay for Liquiritin and Its Application to the Quality Control of Licorice Products

Author:
Shunsuke Fujii; Osamu Morinaga; Takuhiro Uto; Shuichi Nomura; Yukihiro Shoyama
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2014 v.62 no.15 pp. 3377-3383
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
antigens; dietary supplements; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; hemocyanin; high performance liquid chromatography; hybridomas; immunochemistry; licorice; liqueurs; mice; monoclonal antibodies; quality control; roots; sweets
Abstract:
... Liquiritin was reacted with a keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) to synthesize a liquiritin-KLH conjugate as an immunogen for mice. A hybridoma cell line named 2F8 secreted a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against liquiritin, which was applied to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for liquiritin. ELISA showed a good linear range from 0.39 to 25 mu g/mL of liquiritin. The maximum relative standar ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf404731z

24. Glycyrrhetinic Acid Triggers a Protective Autophagy by Activation of Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Author:
Zheng-Hai Tang; Ting Li; Lin-Lin Chang; Hong Zhu; Yun-Guang Tong; Xiu-Ping Chen; Yi-Tao Wang; Jin-Jian Lu
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2014 v.62 no.49 pp. 11910-11916
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza uralensis; antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; autophagy; binding sites; caspase-3; cell viability; drug delivery systems; drug therapy; drugs; food additives; hepatoma; human cell lines; lactate dehydrogenase; licorice; medicinal plants; mitogen-activated protein kinase; neoplasm cells; transmission electron microscopy
Abstract:
... Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), one of the main constituents of the famous Chinese medicinal herb and food additive licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch), has been indicated to possess potential anticancer effects and is widely utilized in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) targeted drug delivery systems (TDDS) due to the highly expressed target binding sites of GA on HCC cells. This study found that GA re ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf503968k
PubMed:
25403108
PubMed Central:
PMC4264863

25. Identification, Quantification, and Sensory Characterization of Steviol Glycosides from Differently Processed Stevia rebaudiana Commercial Extracts

Author:
Maria Ines Espinoza; Jean-Paul Vincken; Mark Sanders; Cristian Castro; Markus Stieger; Eduardo Agosin
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2014 v.62 no.49 pp. 11797-11804
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Stevia rebaudiana; bitterness; chemical composition; diterpenoids; glycosides; licorice; manufacturing; off flavors; sensory evaluation; steviol; sweeteners; sweetness
Abstract:
... Stevia rebaudiana is known for its sweet-tasting ent-kaurene diterpenoid glycosides. Several manufacturing strategies are currently employed to obtain Stevia sweeteners with the lowest possible off-flavors. The chemical composition of four commercial S. rebaudiana extracts, obtained by different technologies, was characterized using UHPLC-ESI-MSn. The composition of one of the ethanol-crystallized ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf502878k

26. Glabridin Protects Paraoxonase 1 from Linoleic Acid Hydroperoxide Inhibition via Specific Interaction: A Fluorescence-Quenching Study

Author:
Atrahimovich Dana; Vaya Jacob; Tavori Hagai; Khatib Soliman
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2012 v.60 no.14 pp. 3679-3685
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
antioxidant activity; antioxidants; ascorbic acid; fluorescence; high density lipoprotein; humans; hydrophobicity; licorice; linoleic acid; models; oxidation; thiols
Abstract:
... The enzyme paraoxonase 1 (PON1) binds to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and is responsible for many of HDL’s antiatherogenic properties. We previously showed that recombinant PON1 is inhibited by linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LA-OOH) present in the lipid fraction of the human carotid plaque (LLE) via oxidation of the enzyme’s Cys284 thiol. Here we explore the effect of glabridin, an isoflavan isola ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf2046009
PubMed:
22380866

27. Improvement of Cencibel Red Wines by Oxygen Addition after Malolactic Fermentation: Study on Color-Related Phenolics, Volatile Composition, and Sensory Characteristics

Author:
Cejudo-Bastante Maria Jesús; Hermosín-Gutiérrez Isidro; Pérez-Coello Maria Soledad
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2012 v.60 no.23 pp. 5962-5973
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
acidity; astringency; bitterness; color; coumaric acids; flavonols; fruits; licorice; malolactic fermentation; odors; oxygen; plums; red wines; volatile compounds
Abstract:
... The objective of this paper was to check whether a micro-oxygenation technique applied after malolactic fermentation could improve the quality of Cencibel red wines. For that purpose, the color-related phenolics, volatile composition, and sensory characteristics during the micro-oxygenation treatment have been considered. The phenolic compounds more affected by the oxygen addition were hydroxycinn ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf300662z
PubMed:
22642478

28. Synergistic Inhibition of Lipid Oxidation by Pea Protein Hydrolysate Coupled with Licorice Extract in a Liposomal Model System

Author:
Zhang Xin; Xiong Youling L.; Chen Jie; Zhou Liuming
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2013 v.61 no.35 pp. 8452-8461
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
antioxidant activity; electron microscopy; electrostatic interactions; glutamic acid; glutamine; leucine; licorice; lipid peroxidation; lysine; mass spectrometry; oxidation; oxidative stress; pea protein; peptides; proline; protein hydrolysates; proteinases; synergism; valine
Abstract:
... Fourteen pea protein hydrolysates (PPHs) were prepared using different proteases and tested for antioxidant activity in a liposomal model system under oxidative stress (100 μM FeCl₃/2 mM ascorbate). Almost all PPHs inhibited lipid oxidation, and those prepared from heated protein with Flavourzyme (Fla-PPH) or Protamex (Pro-PPH) were the most effective. Remarkable synergistic effects were observed ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf402256k
PubMed:
23924409

29. Glycyrrhizic Acid and 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Modulate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response by Suppression of NF-κB through PI3K p110δ and p110γ Inhibitions

Author:
Wang, Chung-Yi; Kao, Tzu-Chien; Lo, Wen-Hsieh; Yen, Gow-Chin
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2011 v.59 no.14 pp. 7726-7733
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Western blotting; anti-inflammatory activity; cell viability; genes; glycyrrhizin; herbal medicines; inflammation; interleukin-1; licorice; lipopolysaccharides; macrophages; messenger RNA; models; necrosis; nitric oxide; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; prostaglandins; reactive oxygen species; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; rhizomes; roots; sweeteners; transcription factor NF-kappa B
Abstract:
... The roots and rhizomes of licorice (Glycyrrhia) species have been used extensively as natural sweeteners and herbal medicines. The aim of this work was to determine the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βGA) from licorice in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage model. The results showed that treatment with 25 75 μMGAor 18βGA did ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf2013265
PubMed:
21644799

30. Licochalcone A Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response in Vitro and in Vivo

Author:
Chu Xiao; Ci Xinxin; Wei Miaomiao; Yang Xiaofeng; Cao Qingjun; Guan Mingfeng; Li Hongyu; Deng Yanhong; Feng Haihua; Deng Xuming
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2012 v.60 no.15 pp. 3947-3954
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
Glycyrrhiza glabra; Western blotting; anti-inflammatory activity; antimicrobial properties; cell proliferation; edema; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; hemorrhage; inflammation; interleukin-1; interleukin-6; licorice; mice; mitogen-activated protein kinase; models; phosphorylation; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... Licochalcone A (Lico A), a flavonoid found in licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), is known for its antimicrobial activity and its reported ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. In the present study, we found that Lico A exerted potent anti-inflammatory effects in in vitro and in vivo models induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The concentrations of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β in t ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf2051587
PubMed:
22400806

31. Neuroprotective Effects of Dehydroglyasperin C through Activation of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Mouse Hippocampal Cells

Author:
Kim Hyo Jung; Lim Soon Sung; Park In Sil; Lim Ji Sun; Seo Ji Yeon; Kim Jong-Sang
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2012 v.60 no.22 pp. 5583-5589
ISSN:
1520-5118
Subject:
neuroprotective effect; protoporphyrin; heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing); heme; cytotoxicity; reactive oxygen species; signal transduction; tin; mice; licorice; oxidative stress; Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Abstract:
... Licorice, the root of the Glycyrrhiza species (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisher), is known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor properties. The objective of this study is to explore the neuroprotective effect of dehydroglyasperin C (DGC) against glutamate-induced oxidative stress in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. DGC significantly reduced cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen spe ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf300548b
PubMed:
22578244

32. Dehydroglyasperin C Isolated from Licorice Caused Nrf2-Mediated Induction of Detoxifying Enzymes

Author:
Seo, Ji Yeon; Lee, Yeon Sil; Kim, Hyo Jung; Lim, Soon Sung; Lim, Ji Sun; Lee, In Ae; Lee, Chung Hwan; Park, Jung Han Yoon; Kim, Jong-Sang
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.3 pp. 1603–1608
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
chemical composition; enzymes; cell culture; Glycyrrhiza glabra; metabolic detoxification; medicinal plants; licorice; cell lines; enzyme activity; anticarcinogenic activity
Abstract:
... Our preliminary experiment demonstrated that a n-hexane/EtOH (9:1, volume) extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (licorice) caused a significant induction of NAD(P)H:oxidoquinone reductase (NQO1), one of the well-known phase 2 detoxifying enzymes. We isolated dehydroglyasperin C (DGC) as a potent phase 2 enzyme inducer from licorice. DGC induced NQO1 both in wild-type murine hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 and ARNT ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf9036062
PubMed:
20088509

33. Glycyrrhizic Acid and 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Inhibit Inflammation via PI3K/Akt/GSK3β Signaling and Glucocorticoid Receptor Activation

Author:
Kao, Tzu-Chien; Shyu, Ming-Huan; Yen, Gow-Chin
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.15 pp. 8623–8629
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
glycyrrhizin; Glycyrrhiza glabra; anti-inflammatory activity; biochemical pathways; glucocorticoids; hormone receptors; transcriptional activation; neuroprotective effect; cytokines; respiratory tract diseases; licorice; medicinal plants; cell lines; mice; animal models
Abstract:
... Many lung-related diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are initiated by airway inflammation, and several studies indicate that glycyrrhizic acid (GA) alleviates inflammatory lung disease. We previously showed that GA and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βGA), found in licorice, can act as neuroprotective agents by promoting downstream PI3K/Akt signaling. In this study, we ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf101841r

34. Isoliquiritigenin Entails Blockade of TGF-β1-SMAD Signaling for Retarding High Glucose-Induced Mesangial Matrix Accumulation

Author:
Li, Jing; Kang, Sang-Wook; Kim, Jung-Lye; Sung, Hye-Young; Kwun, In-Sook; Kang, Young-Hee
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.5 pp. 3205-3212
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
growth factors; biochemical pathways; glucose; connective tissues; glycemic effect; licorice; signal transduction; human cell lines; cell culture; functional foods
Abstract:
... Diabetic nephropathy characterized as mesangial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis results in renal failure and end-stage renal diseases. Enhanced expression and secretion of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) play an important role in the expansion of glomerular mesangial matrix mostly composed of type IV collagen. Isoliquiritigenin can prevent various renal injuries via its anti-inflammatory ac ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf9040723

35. Isoliquiritigenin Suppresses the Toll−Interleukin-1 Receptor Domain-Containing Adapter Inducing Interferon-β (TRIF)-Dependent Signaling Pathway of Toll-Like Receptors by Targeting TBK1

Author:
Park, Se-jeong; Youn, Hyung-Sun
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2010 v.58 no.8 pp. 4701–4705
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
flavonoids; interleukin-1; receptors; interferons; biochemical pathways; signal transduction; gene expression; genes; inflammation; cell culture; licorice; functional foods
Abstract:
... Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in induction of innate immune responses. TLRs can trigger the activation of myeloid differential factor 88 (MyD88)- and Toll−interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter inducing interferon-β (TRIF)-dependent downstream signaling pathways. Expression of more than 70% of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced target genes is mediated through a TRIF-de ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf100484r

36. Glycyrrhizin and Licorice Significantly Affect the Pharmacokinetics of Methotrexate in Rats

Author:
Lin, Shiuan-Pey; Tsai, Shang-Yuan; Hou, Yu-Chi; Chao, Pei-Dawn Lee
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2009 v.57 no.5 pp. 1854-1859
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
glycyrrhizin; licorice; pharmacokinetics; methotrexate; rats; animal models; adverse effects
Abstract:
... Glycyrrhizin (GZ) and licorice (root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis) are worldwide food additives and important oriental phytomedicines. This study investigated the biological fate of GZ by orally giving GZ and licorice decoction (LD) to rats. The serum concentrations of GZ and glycyrrhetic acid (GA) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that GZ was not detected a ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf8029918
PubMed:
19209930

37. Mechanisms of Apoptotic Effects Induced by Resveratrol, Dibenzoylmethane, and Their Analogues on Human Lung Carcinoma Cells

Author:
Weng, Chia-Jui; Yang, Ya-Ting; Ho, Chi-Tang; Yen, Gow-Chin
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2009 v.57 no.12 pp. 5235-5243
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
chemical concentration; mechanism of action; polyphenols; human cell lines; cell cycle; lung neoplasms; phytochemicals; carcinoma; plant extracts; resveratrol; mitochondria; cell membranes; licorice; cell proliferation; apoptosis; cysteine proteinases
Abstract:
... While lung cancer accounts for approximately 20% of cancer diagnoses, it is the leading cause of tumor-related deaths. The apoptotic effects of 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene (resveratrol), dibenzoylmethane (DBM), and their analogues on human lung cancer cells are generally unclear. The aims of this study were to evaluate the apoptotic effects and molecular mechanisms of resveratrol, DBM, and their ana ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf900531m
PubMed:
19441815

38. Licorice Flavonoids Inhibit Eotaxin-1 Secretion by Human Fetal Lung Fibroblasts in Vitro

Author:
Jayaprakasam, Bolleddula; Doddaga, Srinivasulu; Wang, Rong; Holmes, Daniel; Goldfarb, Joseph; Li, Xiu-Min
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2009 v.57 no.3 pp. 820-825
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
licorice; Glycyrrhiza uralensis; medicinal plants; flavonoids; chemical structure; glycyrrhizin; medicinal properties; fibroblasts; lungs; protein secretion; humans; in vitro studies
Abstract:
... Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Gan-Cao), commonly called “licorice”, is one of the most commonly used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In the United States, licorice products are most often consumed as flavoring and sweetening agents in food products. The licorice triterpenoid glycyrrhizin has several biological activities, including anti-inflammatory activity. Other potential anti-inflammator ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf802601j
PubMed:
19132888
PubMed Central:
PMC2748415

39. Licorice and Licochalcone-A Induce Autophagy in LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells by Suppression of Bcl-2 Expression and the mTOR Pathway

Author:
Yo, Yi-Te; Shieh, Gia-Shing; Hsu, Keng-Fu; Wu, Chao-Liang; Shiau, Ai-Li
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2009 v.57 no.18 pp. 8266–8273
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
licorice; prostatic neoplasms; antineoplastic agents; human cell lines; disease course; Glycyrrhiza glabra; metabolites; apoptosis; gene expression; gene expression regulation
Abstract:
... Licorice is a common Chinese medicinal herb with antitumor activity. Some components in licorice root have been shown to induce cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in cancer cells. This paper demonstrates for the first time that licorice Glycyrrhiza glabra and its component licochalcone-A (LA) can induce autophagy in addition to apoptosis in human LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Exposure of cells to licor ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf901054c
PubMed:
19711916

40. Neuroprotective Effects of Glycyrrhizic Acid and 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid in PC12 Cells via Modulation of the PI3K/Akt Pathway

Author:
Kao, Tzu-Chien; Shyu, Ming-Huan; Yen, Gow-Chin
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2009 v.57 no.2 pp. 754-761
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
neuroprotective effect; human cell lines; neurons; catalase; glucose; cytotoxicity; glycyrrhizin; nutrient deficiencies; reactive oxygen species; glutathione peroxidase; mitochondria; licorice; enzyme activity; apoptosis
Abstract:
... Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βGA) are the bioactive compounds of licorice. The neuroprotective effects of GA and 18βGA against serum/glucose deprivation and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells were investigated. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and cata ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf802864k

41. Anti-oxidant Constituents of the Roots and Stolons of Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

Author:
Chin, Y.W.; Jung, H.A.; Liu, Y.; Su, B.N.; Castoro, J.A.; Keller, W.J.; Pereira, M.A.; Kinghorn, A.D.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2007 v.55 no.12 pp. 4691-4697
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
chemical composition; human diseases; chemical constituents of plants; lung neoplasms; Glycyrrhiza glabra; stolons; chemoprevention; colorectal neoplasms; chalcone; human nutrition; mice; antineoplastic agents; lignans; animal models; licorice; antioxidant activity; roots; antioxidants
Abstract:
... As part of a search for new cancer chemopreventive agents, a new chalcone derivative (1), a novel group of neolignan lipid esters (2), and seven known phenolic compounds (formononetin, glabridin, hemileiocarpin, hispaglabridin B, isoliquiritigenin, 4'-O-methylglabridin, and paratocarpin B) (3-9) were isolated from the roots and stolons of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra). The structures of compound 1 ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf0703553

42. Isolation and identification of flavonoids in licorice and a study of their inhibitory effects on tyrosinase

Author:
Fu, B.; Li, H.; Wang, X.; Lee, F.S.C.; Cui, S.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2005 v.53 no.19 pp. 7408-7414
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
monophenol monooxygenase; enzyme inhibitors; flavonoids; licorice; enzyme inhibition; food preservatives; Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Abstract:
... Five different flavonoids were isolated from licorice after multistep chromatographic fractionation. The aim was to identify and characterize active components in licorice responsible for antibrowning activities and to seek new tyrosinase inhibitors for applications as antibrowning and depigmenting agents in the food and cosmetic industries. The isolated flavonoids were identified as liquiritin, l ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf051258h

43. Modulations of the Bcl-2/Bax family were involved in the chemopreventive effects of licorice root (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell

Author:
Jo, E.H.; Hong, H.D.; Ahn, N.C.; Jung, J.W.; Yang, S.R.; Park, J.S.; Kim, S.H.; Lee, Y.S.; Kang, K.S.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2004 v.52 no.6 pp. 1715-1719
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
human diseases; anticarcinogenic activity; chemoprevention; plant extracts; medicinal plants; proteolysis; apoptosis; regulatory proteins; nucleotidyltransferases; NAD ADP-ribosyltransferase; licorice; cell lines; cell proliferation; roots; breast neoplasms; Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Abstract:
... Recently, cancer chemoprevention with strategies using foods and medicinal herbs has been regarded as one of the most visible fields for cancer control. Genistein in soy, American ginseng, and resveratrol are well-known to have antiproliferative properties in human breast cancer. Licorice root is a botanical, a shrub native to southern Europe and Asia, which primarily has desirable qualities in sw ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf035012t

44. Induction of Apoptosis by Hydroxydibenzoylmethane through Coordinative Modulation of Cyclin D3, Bcl-XL, and Bax, Release of Cytochrome c, and Sequential Activation of Caspases in Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cells

Author:
Pan, Min-Hsiung; Huang, Mei-Chen; Wang, Ying-Jan; Lin, Jen-Kun; Lin, Chao-Hsien
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2003 v.51 no.14 pp. 3977-3984
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
DNA; DNA fragmentation; antimutagenic activity; apoptosis; caspase-2; caspase-3; cell viability; colorectal neoplasms; cytochrome c; digestion; licorice
Abstract:
... DBM (dibenzoylmethane) is a minor constituent of licorice that has antimutagenic activity. However, its other biological activities are not well-known. The structurally related β-diketones hydroxydibenzoylmethane (HDB) and hydroxymethyldibenzoylmethane (HMDB) were able to induce apoptosis in colorectal carcinoma COLO 205 cells. Thus, the effect of structurally related β-diketones on cell viability ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf034094i

45. Effects of raw materials, ingredients, and production lines on arsenic and copper concentrations in confectionery products

Author:
Carbonell-Barrachina, A.A.; Garcia, E.; Sanchez Soriano, J.; Aracil, P.; Burlo, F.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2002 v.50 no.13 pp. 3738-3742
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
licorice; chewing gum; molasses; ingredients; arsenic; copper; food contamination; food processing; extracts
Abstract:
... The Spaniard legislation sets up maximum levels for total arsenic (As) and copper (Cu) in confectionery products at 0.1 and 5.0 microgram g-1, respectively. Concentrations of these two trace elements were determined in four confectionery products: chewing gum, two licorice items, and soft candy. The effects of raw materials quality and production lines were studied. Arsenic and copper were quantif ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf0115591
PubMed:
12059152

46. Glabrene and isoliquiritigenin as tyrosinase inhibitors from licorice roots

Author:
Nerya, O.; Vaya, J.; Musa, R.; Izrael, S.; Ben-Arie, R.; Tamir, S.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2003 v.51 no.5 pp. 1201-1207
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
monophenol monooxygenase; melanocytes; Glycyrrhiza glabra; isoflavans; medicinal plants; skin diseases; enzyme inhibitors; licorice; medicinal properties; enzyme activity; roots; herbal medicines
Abstract:
... Tyrosinase is known to be a key enzyme in melanin biosynthesis, involved in determining the color of mammalian skin and hair. Various dermatological disorders, such as melasama, age spots, and sites of actinic damage, arise from the accumulation of an excessive level of epidermal pigmentation. The inadequacy of current therapies to treat these conditions as well as high cytotoxicity and mutagenici ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf020935u
PubMed:
12590456

47. Source of Arsenic in Licorice Confectionery Products

Author:
Carbonell-Barrachina, Angel Antonio; Aracil, Pedro; Garcia, Elena; Burlo, Francisco; Martinez-Sanchez, Francisco
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2003 v.51 no.6 pp. 1749-1752
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
Food and Drug Administration; arsenic; atomic absorption spectrometry; glycyrrhizin; high performance liquid chromatography; licorice; pearls; sweets; throat; United States
Abstract:
... Spanish legislation sets a maximum level for total arsenic (As) in confectionery products at 0.1 μg g-1. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration limitations for glycyrrhizic acid in hard and soft candies are 160 and 31 mg g-1, respectively. Arsenic and glycyrrhizic acid were determined in 22 different confectionery products: 9 throat pearls, 4 hard candies, and 9 soft candies. Arsenic and glycyrrhiz ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf026057h

48. Protective effect of brocolli, onion, carrot, and licorice extracts against cytotoxicity of N-nitrosamines evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay

Author:
Martinez, A.; Cambero, I.; Ikken, Y.; Marin, M.L.; Haza, A.I.; Morales, P.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1998 v.46 no.2 pp. 585-589
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
nitrosopyrrolidine; N-nitrosodimethylamine; broccoli; Allium cepa; Glycyrrhiza glabra; Brassica oleracea var. italica; Daucus carota; plant extracts; medicinal properties; cytotoxicity; bioassays; onions; cell lines; licorice; carrots; cell proliferation
Abstract:
... The protective effect of nine fruit and vegetable aqueous (H2O) and ethanolic (EtOH) extracts against the cytotoxicity of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), N-nitrosodibutylamine (NDBA), and N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The fruit extracts under investigation did not show a protective e ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf970636i

49. Identification and quantification of isoflavonoid and triterpenoid compliance markers in a licorice-root extract powder

Author:
Weinberg, D.S.; Manier, M.L.; Richardson, M.D.; Haibach, F.G.
Source:
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 1993 v.41 no.1 pp. 42-47
ISSN:
0021-8561
Subject:
licorice; roots; isoflavones; triterpenoids; diet study techniques; chemical constituents of plants; extracts
Abstract:
... Marker compounds are needed to determine dietary compliance in free-living human study populations participating in dietary intervention trials for cancer research. Two isoflavonoid and one triterpenoid marker compounds were detected and identified in a licorice-root extract powder. A convenient method that involves hydrolysis' solvent extraction, and liquid chromatographic analysis was developed ...
DOI:
10.1021/jf00025a009