An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
... Centella asiatica is commonly used in traditional medicine owing to its many therapeutic properties including but not limited to antioxidant and antitumor potential. This study examined the antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of its crude (C) and fractionated (C3) ethanolic leaf extracts in THP-1 cells. In THP-1 cells, C and C3 cytotoxicity was evaluated (WST-1 viability assay; 24 h; [0.2–3 ...
... Flavonoids—compounds abundant in balanced daily diets—have been extensively investigated for biological activity. The pronounced antiproliferative effects of flavonoids have prompted studies to elucidate their mode of action against tumor cells. The anticancer properties of myricetin, a 3′,4′,5′-tri-hydroxylated flavonol, have been confirmed for a number of neoplasms, but myricitrin, its 3-O-rhamn ...
... Solanum sessiliflorum is an Amazonian fruit (cubiu) that has been domesticated since pre-Colombian era. It is also used in folk medicine to treat some clinical conditions. This investigation chemically characterized and analyzed the in vitro antioxidant and antitumoral effect of a cubiu pulp/seed hydroalcoholic extract. Cubiu extract was chemically characterized by high-performance liquid chromato ...
... 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) has an anticancer activity, but the role DIM plays on malignant melanoma cells and its specific mechanism is unclear. We studied the biological effects of DIM on malignant melanoma cells and the related mechanism and the results showed that DIM significantly suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in malignant melanoma cells. In addition, the expression leve ...
... Obesity is defined as excess adipose mass that causes serious health problems. Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is a major and relatively nontoxic compound of the isothiocyanates. Although many studies have demonstrated that PEITC is a potent substance with physiological activities, such as anticancer activity, the precise mechanism for the effects of PEITC on inflammation and lipid metabolism in ...
AMP-activated protein kinase; Alpinia conchigera; Alpinia galanga; acetates; anti-inflammatory activity; antineoplastic activity; chemical bonding; cooking; diabetes; disease prevention; hyperlipidemia; moieties; neoplasms; neurodegenerative diseases; obesity; rhizomes; seeds; signal transduction; spices; traditional medicine; South East Asia
Abstract:
... 1′-Acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) is found in the rhizomes or seeds of Alpinia galanga and Alpinia conchigera, which are used as traditional spices in cooking and traditional medicines in Southeast Asia. ACA possesses numerous medicinal properties. Those include anticancer, antiobesity, antiallergy, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, gastroprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities. ACA is also observe ...
... Studies have identified the potential of chemopreventive effects of sulforaphane (SFN); however, the underlying mechanisms of its effect on breast cancer require further elucidation. This study investigated the anticancer effects of SFN that specifically induces G1/S arrest in breast ductal carcinoma (ZR-75-1) cells. The proliferation of the cancer cells after treatment with SFN was detected by 3- ...
Magalli C.B. Lima e Silva; Danielle Bogo; Caroline A.F. Alexandrino; Renata T. Perdomo; Patrícia de O. Figueiredo; Pamela R. do Prado; Fernanda R. Garcez; Monica C.T. Kadri; Thalita V.N. Ximenes; Rita de Cassia A. Guimarães; Ulana C. Sarmento; Maria Lígia R. Macedo
... Campomanesia adamantium, a native species of the Brazilian Cerrado, is characterized as a natural source of phenolic compounds and has known potential anticancer activities. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical profile of dichloromethane extracts of pulp (DEGPU) and peel (DEGPE) from the fruits of C. adamantium and to identify compounds with antiproliferative effects in vitro against melanoma ...
2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid; Vaccinium myrtillus; antineoplastic activity; antineoplastic agents; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; apoptosis; blueberries; cytotoxicity; diet; flow cytometry; fruit extracts; kaempferol; liquid chromatography; neoplasms; oxidants; oxidative stress; polyphenols; protein composition; protein microarrays; proteins; quercetin; tandem mass spectrometry; therapeutics
Abstract:
... In recent years, natural products gained popularity with their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects mediated by chemical compounds within their composition. Study results offering them as palliative therapy options in cancer or as anticancer agents with high levels of cytotoxicity brought a new approach to combine cancer treatment protocols with these products. From a different perspective, e ...
... We investigated the antitumor effect of Cordyceps militaris extract (CME) on A549 cisplatin-resistant (CR) lung cancer cells. The proliferation of A549/CR cells was suppressed by CME. Apoptosis of the cells was induced by CME. The cell cycle arrest was observed in the sub-G1 phase in the cells treated with CME. Proteomic profile analysis showed that H-Ras was downregulated in CME-treated cells and ...
... Pancreatic cancer is one of the most dangerous cancers with high mortality rates. Despite continuous efforts, there has been limited improvement in its prognosis. In this study, we prepared fermented extract of Citrus unshiu peel (fCUP) from the by-product after juice processing and then examined the anticancer effects of fCUP on human pancreatic cancer cells. Treatment with fCUP inhibited the gro ...
... The effects of different ganjangs (also designated as kanjang), including acid-hydrolyzed soy sauce (AHSS), fermented soy sauce (FSS), and fermented sesame sauce (FSeS), on azoxymethane (AOM, 10 mg/kg)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 2%)-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in C57BL/6J mice were studied. Low doses (4 mL/kg) of both FSeS and FSS significantly increased colon length, suppressed AOM/DSS-in ...
B-lymphocytes; NAD ADP-ribosyltransferase; adenosine; antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; caspase-9; chrysin; colorectal neoplasms; cytotoxicity; gamma radiation; human cell lines; irradiation; membrane potential; mitochondrial membrane; neoplasm cells; reactive oxygen species; signal transduction
Abstract:
... Irradiation technology can improve the biological activities of natural molecules through a structural modification. This study was conducted to investigate the enhancement of the anticancer effects of chrysin upon exposure to gamma irradiation. Gamma irradiation induces the production of new radiolytic peaks simultaneously with the decrease of the chrysin peak, which increases the cytotoxicity in ...
DNA damage; Sorghum bicolor; antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; bran; carcinogenesis; cell cycle checkpoints; cell growth; cell viability; chemoprevention; diet; foods; germplasm; mechanism of action; neoplasm cells; neoplasms; polyphenols; protein synthesis; public health; reactive oxygen species
Abstract:
... As diet is one of the major controllable factors in cancer development, potentially chemopreventive foods are of significant interest to public health. One such food is sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), a cereal grain that contains varying concentrations of polyphenols. In a panel of 15 sorghum germplasm, we identified strains with higher polyphenol content than previously reported for this grain. Bran e ...
Eric D. Tague; Allen K. Bourdon; Amber MacDonald; Maggie S. Lookadoo; Edward D. Kim; Wesley M. White; Paul D. Terry; Shawn R. Campagna; Brynn H. Voy; Jay Whelan
acetyl-CoA carboxylase; adipose tissue; adiposity; animal disease models; anti-inflammatory activity; antineoplastic activity; beta oxidation; body weight; diet; enzyme inhibition; humans; lipogenesis; liver; metabolome; metabolomics; signal transduction; skeletal muscle; weight gain; United States
Abstract:
... Zyflamend is a highly controlled blend of 10 herbal extracts that synergistically impact multiple cell signaling pathways with anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. More recently, its effects were shown to also modify cellular energetics, for example, activation of fatty acid oxidation and inhibition of lipogenesis. However, its general metabolic effects in vivo have yet to be explored. The ...
... Propolis is a natural bee product, and it has many effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic, and anticancer activity. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential in vivo anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties of propolis extract on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in rats. Forty-two, 3- to 4-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were u ...
... Cancer stem cells, a small subpopulation of cells with stem cell-like characteristics found within most solid tumors, are widely reported to be responsible for the malignancy of aggressive cancer cells, and targeting these cells presents a sound therapeutic strategy for reducing the risk of tumor relapse. In the present study, we examined the effects of an extract of Saccharina japonica (ESJ) on g ...
... Different polysaccharides were isolated from the leaves of Aloe arborescens using the gradient power of hydrogen followed by antitumor and immunomodulatory assay. The total polysaccharide content of different fractions, water-soluble polysaccharide (WAP), acid-soluble polysaccharide (ACP), and alkaline-soluble polysaccharide (ALP), was estimated using a phenol-sulfuric acid spectrophotometric meth ...
... Amygdalin is a major component of the seeds of Rosaceae family of plants such as apricots, peaches, cherry, nectarines, apples, plums, and so on, as well as almonds. It is used in alternative medicine for cancer prevention, alleviation of fever, cough suppression, and quenching thirst. The aim of the present study is to determine the mutagenic and recombinogenic effects of amygdalin in a test syst ...
Navarro-Salcedo Martha Hilda; Delgado-Saucedo Jorge Ivan; Siordia-Sánchez Victor Hugo; González-Ortiz Luis J.; Castillo-Herrera Gustavo Adolfo; Puebla-Pérez Ana M.
... We investigated the cytotoxic and antitumor effects of nine leaf extracts from Artemisia dracunculus (Tarragon). Five extracts were obtained using different organic solvents and four by supercritical CO₂. The cytotoxic effects were expressed as IC₅₀ in 100, 80, 80, 100, and 80 μg/mL by respective solvents: hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, and acetonitrile in L5178Y lymphoma cells. For supe ...
... Centella asiatica is a tropical medicinal plant that is commonly used in traditional medicine. Medicinal properties of C. asiatica include anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activity. We investigated the anti-oxidant and anti-proliferative/cytotoxic effects of a semi-purified fraction of C. asiatica ethanolic leaf extract (C3) in cancerous lung A549 cells. C3 was obtained by silica c ...
... Kudingcha is a particularly bitter tasting tea that has been widely used in China to eliminate fever and itching eyes, and to clear blood toxins. Kudingcha is considered of value for its potential anticancer effects that are attributed to the presence of characteristic bioactive ingredients. The chlorogenic acid (CGA) derivatives 3-0-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-0-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-0-dicaffeoylqu ...
... Metabolic diseases, such as glucose intolerance and nonalcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD), are primary risk factors for life-threatening conditions such as diabetes, heart attack, stroke, and hepatic cancer. Extracts from the tropical tree Moringa oleifera show antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Fermentation can further improve the safety and nutritional value ...
... Ginsenoside Rg3, a bioactive constituent from Panax ginseng, is a worldwide well-known traditional Chinese medicine used as a tonic. It also has good antitumor activity by inhibiting tumors metastasis. Tumor metastasis is a high risk in thyroid cancer. However, the effect and molecular mechanism underlying the antimetastatic activity of Rg3 in thyroid cancer have not been reported. In our study, w ...
... The aim of our experiment was to evaluate the anticancer effect of bamboo salt (BS) on C57BL/6 mice in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colon cancer model. BS, solar salt, and purified salt were evaluated for their protective effects during AOM/DSS-induced colon carcinogenesis in C57BL/6 mice. BS, especially after baking for nine separate intervals (BS9x), suppressed colo ...
Ribes nigrum; Western blotting; antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; black currants; mitochondria; mitogen-activated protein kinase; neoplasm cells; neoplasms; polyphenols; shrinkage; signal transduction; viability
Abstract:
... Black currant extract (BCE) is rich in polyphenols and can induce apoptosis in various cancer cells, but the molecular mechanism by which BCE induces cancer cell apoptosis has not been reported. The aim of this work was to elucidate the antitumor effect of BCE and the signal transduction pathways involved. MTT test results revealed that the viability of MKN-45 and TE-1 cells treated with BCE gradu ...
... Piperlongumine (PL), an alkaloid obtained from long peppers, displays antitumorigenic properties for a variety of human cell- and animal-based models. The aim of this study was to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms for PL anticancer effects on human pancreatic cancer cells. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to identify the effects of PL on the transcriptome of MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic ...
... Apium graveolens has been shown to inhibit the growth of a variety of cancer tissues. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of A. graveolens on the human prostatic carcinoma cell line LNCaP. LNCaP cells were treated with increasing concentrations of an ethanolic extract of A. graveolens ranging from 1000 to 3000 μg/mL, and viability was determined after 24 and 48 h using the XTT cel ...
agonists; antineoplastic activity; antioxidants; chemical composition; databases; diabetes mellitus; gallic acid; gene expression; glycemic effect; hyperlipidemia; inflammation; metabolic syndrome; oleanolic acid; receptors; surveys; synergism; traditional medicine; transcription factors; Mediterranean region
Abstract:
... For thousands of years, Chios Gum Mastic (CGM), the resin produced by the trunk of Pistachia lentiscus var Chia, has been used for culinary and medicinal purposes and several therapeutic properties have been attributed to it. CGM has been used in traditional medicine of various nations in the eastern Mediterranean area. This survey was carried out to identify biological mechanisms that could expla ...
... Antimetabolites have proven successful as therapeutics for advanced-stage breast cancers, but are often accompanied by severe side effects that can limit treatment regimens. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), an antimetabolite that inhibits cell proliferation, has served an important role in standard chemotherapy protocols for a variety of solid tumors. Although reasonable response rates have been reported fo ...
... Murraya koenigii (curry tree) leaves are rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and coumarins. Alkaloids from M. koenigii leaves have antianalgesic, antiulcerogenic, antiobesity, and antitumor activities. In this study, we tested the cytotoxic and proteasome-inhibitory potential of a total alkaloid extract (TAE) from M. koenigii leaves in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. ...
Daucus carota; Western blotting; adenocarcinoma; antineoplastic activity; antioxidant activity; apoptosis; carrots; caspase-3; cell cycle checkpoints; cell proliferation; cell viability; colon; dose response; flow cytometry; humans; inositols; mitogen-activated protein kinase; oils; pentane; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; traditional medicine
Abstract:
... Daucus carota L. ssp. carota (Apiacea, wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace) has been used in folk medicine throughout the world and recently was shown to possess anticancer and antioxidant activities. This study aims to determine the anticancer activity of the pentane fraction (F1) and the 1:1 pentane:diethyl ether fraction (F2) of the Daucus Carota oil extract (DCOE) against human colon adenocarcinoma ...
... Decursin, a bioactive phytochemical isolated from Angelica gigas Nakai (danggwi), has shown preclinical anticancer efficacy in various cancer models. However, the antitumor effect of decursin in melanoma models remains undefined. The antitumor activities of decursin were investigated in B16F10 cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we show that treatment with decursin inhibited cell proliferat ...
... Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Its prognosis remains poor for patients with several grades of this disease. This underscores the need for alternative modalities, such as herbal medicines, to treat this disease. A commonly used plant that appears to be of high medicinal value is Thymus vulgaris L. However, the effect ...
... Protocatechualdehyde (PCA) is a natural polyphenol compound isolated from the root of the herb S. miltiorrhiza and barley tea plants. PCA possesses antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic properties in human colorectal cancer cells. However, the cellular mechanism has not been fully understood. β-catenin and cyclin D1 are proto-oncogene that is overexpressed in many types of cancers and leads to cance ...
... In this study, we found that the total polyphenol and ascorbic acid levels in the fruit of Opuntia humifusa are higher than those in other parts of the plant. We further hypothesized that antioxidants in O. humifusa might affect the growth or survival of cancer cells. Hexane extracts of seeds and ethyl acetate extracts of fruits and stems significantly suppressed the proliferation of HeLa cervical ...
Panax ginseng; antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; biocompatible materials; breast neoplasms; carcinogens; cell differentiation; cell proliferation; cell viability; diabetes; heart; hepatoma; human cell lines; medicinal plants; neoplasm cells; paclitaxel; stem cells; South Korea
Abstract:
... Red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is the most widely recognized medicinal herb due to its remedial effects in various disorders, such as cancers, diabetes, and heart problems. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effect of fermented red ginseng extract (f-RGE; provided by Jeonju Biomaterials Institute, Jeonju, South Korea) in a parallel comparison with the effect of nonfermented red ...
... The chemopreventive effects of different types and quantities of kimchi prepared with different subingredients, including commercial kimchi (CK), standardized kimchi (SK), cancer-preventive kimchi (CPK), and anticancer kimchi (ACK), on colorectal carcinogenesis in mice were evaluated. The development of colon cancer was induced in male BALB/c mice with a single intraperitoneal injection of azoxyme ...
... AndoSan™ is an extract of Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM; 82.4%), Hericium erinaceum (14.7%), and Grifola frondosa (2.9%). The main ingredient of AndoSan, AbM, is rich in different forms of β-glucans. Since these exhibit potent antitumor activity and have immunomodulatory effects, the stimulatory effect of AndoSan on the production of different cytokines, chemokines, and leukocyte growth factors has ...
... This study aims at evaluating the anticancer effects of berberine hydrochloride (berberine) and d-limonene, alone and in combination, on human gastric carcinoma cell line MGC803 to determine whether berberine and d-limonene work synergistically and elucidate their mechanisms. MGC803 cells were treated with berberine and d-limonene, alone and in combination, for 24–48 h. The inhibitory effects of t ...
... Acute monocytic leukemia (AML M5 or AMoL) is one of the several types of leukemia that are still awaiting cures. The use of chemotherapy for cancer management can be harmful to normal cells in the vicinity of the target leukemia cells. This study assessed the potency of the extracts from lesser galangal, turmeric, and ginger against AML M5 to use the suitable fractions in neutraceuticals. Aqueous ...
... A water soluble extract from the medicinal mushroom Agrocybe aegerita has been shown to stimulate splenocyte proliferation, cytotoxic activity, and tumor rejection effect in tumor-bearing mouse models. In the present study, the crude extract was separated into a protein component fraction (Yp), mainly containing lectins and serine proteinase, and a small molecule component fraction (Ys), mainly co ...
... Moscatilin, a bibenzyl derivative from the orchid Dendrobium loddigesii, has been shown to possess anticancer activity. We examined the effect of moscatilin on human esophageal cancer cells, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) cells and its possible mechanisms. Moscatilin suppressed the growth of both the histological cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Mo ...
B-lymphocytes; Western blotting; antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; caspase-3; cell proliferation; cultured cells; flow cytometry; humans; leukemia; lymphoma; medicinal plants; mitogen-activated protein kinase; protein synthesis; Asia
Abstract:
... Polyphyllin D (PD), an active component from a traditional medicinal herb Paris polyphylla, which has long been used for the treatment of cancer in Asian countries, has been found to hold significant antitumor activity in vivo or in vitro. However, there were few reports on the effects and underlying mechanism of PD on apoptosis in U87 human glioma cells. The present study was conducted to evaluat ...
Baharetha Hussein M.; Nassar Zeyad D.; Aisha Abdalrahim F.; Ahamed Mohamed B. Khadeer; Al-Suede Foaud Saleih R.; Kadir Mohd Omar Abd; Ismail Zhari; Majid Amin Malik Shah Abdul
... Nigella sativa, commonly referred as black cumin, is a popular spice that has been used since the ancient Egyptians. It has traditionally been used for treatment of various human ailments ranging from fever to intestinal disturbances to cancer. This study investigated the apoptotic, antimetastatic, and anticancer activities of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO₂) extracts of the seeds of N. sativ ...
Western blotting; Xanthoceras sorbifolium; antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; caspase-3; caspase-8; caspase-9; cell cycle; cell viability; flow cytometry; hulls; humans; inflammation; insulin-like growth factor I receptor; mechanism of action; melanoma; membrane potential; mitochondrial membrane; mitogen-activated protein kinase; mononuclear leukocytes; neoplasm cells; oxidative stress; saponins; signal transduction
Abstract:
... Xanthoceraside, a saponin extracted from the husks of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, suppresses inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the antitumor properties of xanthoceraside as well as its mechanism of action remain unclear. Therefore, we proposed to investigate its potential anticancer property. In this study, the viability of cells was measured by the MTT assay. Cell cycle and mitochondr ...
... Combining different foods may produce additive, synergistic, or antagonistic interactions that may modify certain physiological effects (i.e., anticancer properties). For investigating these interactions and potential synergetic combinations, thirteen foods from three categories, including fruits (raspberries, blackberries, apples, grapes), vegetables (broccoli, tomatoes, mushrooms, purple caulifl ...
Taiwanofungus camphoratus; adenosine; antineoplastic activity; apoptosis; brown rice; butanol; cell cycle checkpoints; cell proliferation; chemoprevention; colorectal neoplasms; cyclins; data analysis; diarrhea; drugs; ethanol; ethyl acetate; hexane; high performance liquid chromatography; humans; hypertension; interphase; liver neoplasms; neoplasm cells; pain; poisoning; pruritus; signal transduction; traditional medicine; East Asia
Abstract:
... Antrodia camphorata (AC) has been used as a traditional medicine to treat food and drug intoxication, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hypertension, pruritis (skin itch), and liver cancer in East Asia. In this study, we investigated anticancer activities of AC grown on germinated brown rice (CBR) in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. We found that the inhibitory efficacy of CBR 80% ethanol (EtOH) extract on ...
... It is already known that the Maitake (D-Fraction) mushroom is involved in stimulating the immune system and activating certain cells that attack cancer, including macrophages, T-cells, and natural killer cells. According to the U.S. National Cancer Institute, polysaccharide complexes present in Maitake mushrooms appear to have significant anticancer activity. However, the exact molecular mechanism ...
... This work studied the influence of culture medium composition and pH on exopolysaccharide (EPS) production by Pleurotus sajor-caju and validates the antitumor activity of the produced EPSs and of the mycelial biomass (intracellular polysaccharides [IPSs]) against Sarcoma 180 (S180) cells. The effect of the initial concentrations of (NH₄)₂SO₄, yeast extract and soy peptone on EPS production by P. s ...