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1. Aboveground biomass quantification and tree-level prediction models for the Brazilian subtropical Atlantic Forest

Author:
Heitor Felippe Uller; Laio Zimermann Oliveira; Aline Renata Klitzke; Jackson Roberto Eleotério; Alfredo Celso Fantini; Alexander Christian Vibrans
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.3 pp. 261-271
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
aboveground biomass; branches; carbon; carbon dioxide; forest types; leaves; models; neutralization; rain forests; specific gravity; tree and stand measurements; trees; tropical forests; uncertainty; wood; Brazil
Abstract:
... Forests are the largest biological reservoir of biomass and carbon on the planet. This fact turns them into the main tool to neutralise the CO₂ emitted by human activities. Despite such importance, the uncertainties associated with biomass estimates in forests, especially in (sub)tropical forests, are enormous. Facing this scenario, the objectives of this study were (1) to quantify through destruc ...
DOI:
10.2989/00306525.2019.1581498

2. Acacia mearnsii industry overview: current status, key research and development issues

Author:
Julian Moreno Chan; Philip Day; John Feely; Rob Thompson; Keith M Little; Craig H Norris
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 19-30
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia mearnsii; adhesives; bark; beverages; charcoal; consumers (people); exports; farmers; flocculants; forests; fuelwood; hardwood; harvesting; income; kraft pulping; land ownership; leather industry; markets; mechanization; pests; planting; prices; pulp; research and development; silviculture; tannins; trees; vegetables; wages and remuneration; wood chips; wood density; Brazil; China; India; South Africa
Abstract:
... Acacia mearnsii De Wild (black wattle) is an important plantation species for tannin production and woodchip exports in South Africa and Brazil. This study provides an updated overview of the black wattle industries in both countries, including planted areas and land ownership, silviculture and management, bark extract production, woodchip exports, as well as key research and development issues. T ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1006907

3. Acacia plantations in Vietnam: research and knowledge application to secure a sustainable future

Author:
EK Sadanandan Nambiar; Christopher E Harwood; Nguyen Duc Kien
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 1-10
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia; climate; disease resistance; exports; forests; genotype; growers; income; monitoring; plantations; rural economics; soil; stand management; tree breeding; tree diseases; wood; Vietnam
Abstract:
... Vietnam has established 1.1 million ha of acacia plantations for wood production, managed on 5- to 10-year rotation cycles. Nearly 50% of the resource is managed by small growers holding 1–5 ha woodlots. Acacia plantations have emerged as an important resource for supporting the rural economy and national export revenue. Given the range of climate, terrain, soils, management inputs and skills, pla ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.999301

4. Additive biomass model for Heritiera fomes (Buch.-Hum.) in the Sundarbans Reserved Forest, Bangladesh

Author:
Mohammad Raqibul Hasan Siddique; Mahmood Hossain; SM Rubaiot Abdullah; Md. Zaheer Iqbal; Mariam Akhter; Gael Sola; Laurent Saint-Andre; Matieu Henry
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.3 pp. 185-195
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Heritiera fomes; bark; biomass; carbon; carbon sinks; data collection; forests; leaves; models; nondestructive methods; ovens; statistical analysis; tree and stand measurements; tree height; trees; wood density; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... Mangroves are recognised as an important carbon sequester and therefore demand accurate biomass and carbon stock estimations. This study aimed to develop additive biomass models for Heritiera fomes, the most dominant tree species of the Sundarbans Reserved Forest in Bangladesh. Using a non-destructive method, 219 small branches (diameter < 7 cm) were harvested from 97 individual trees to develop b ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.1934180

5. Air layering and its potential in propagating Uapaca kirkiana: a fruit tree from the miombo woodland, Tanzania

Author:
PP Mwang'ingo; LL Lulandala
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.2 pp. 67-71
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Uapaca kirkiana; air layering; biomass; cost effectiveness; deforestation; forests; fruit trees; indole butyric acid; nutritional status; rearing; rooting; roots; shoots; Tanzania
Abstract:
... The potential to propagate Uapaca kirkiana through air layering was investigated at Igumbilo forest, Tanzania. The objective was to determine the effect of time of setting air layers and use of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) to promote rooting. Air layers were initiated on young shoots, 1-to 2-years old, growing on mature trees. After root initiation, they were detached, potted and reared at the nurs ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.610875

6. Allelopathic effects of invasive Eucalyptus camaldulensis on germination and early growth of four native species in the Western Cape, South Africa

Author:
Sheunesu Ruwanza; Mirijam Gaertner; Karen J Esler; David M Richardson
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.2 pp. 91-105
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Dimorphotheca; Eucalyptus camaldulensis; Olea europaea; allelopathy; bark; cineole; ecosystems; forests; gas chromatography; geomorphology; germination; greenhouse experimentation; habitats; indigenous species; invasive species; leaves; motivation; rivers; root growth; seedling growth; shoots; soil; stream flow; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. (red river gum; Myrtaceae) is an invasive tree in riparian habitats of the Western Cape, South Africa, where it replaces indigenous vegetation and affects ecosystem functioning. These invasions lead to changes in river geomorphology and reduction in stream flow. The mechanisms that drive these effects are poorly understood. The potential for allelopathic effects of ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.965985

7. Allometric equations from a non-destructive approach for biomass prediction in natural forest and plantation in West Africa

Author:
SA Hamzath Kora; GH Sabin Guendehou; Cédric A Goussanou; Achille E Assogbadjo; Brice Sinsin
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.2 pp. 111-122
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia auriculiformis; allometry; biomass; equations; forest ecosystems; forests; models; prediction; statistical analysis; trees; wood; Benin
Abstract:
... Allometric equations are required for a rapid estimation of commercial timber volume and forest biomass stocks. In order to preserve the forest ecosystem, this study applied a non-destructive sampling approach to measure biophysical properties of living trees. From these measurements, volume and biomass models were developed for 11 dominant tree species in a semi-deciduous natural forest and for A ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1512795

8. Allometric models for estimation of aboveground biomass of Gmelina arborea Roxb. in pulpwood plantations of Bangladesh

Author:
Lulu Rayhan Khushi; Mahmood Hossain; SM Rubaiot Abdullah; Sanjoy Saha; Mohammad Raqibul Hasan Siddique
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.1 pp. 45-48
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Gmelina arborea; aboveground biomass; allometry; bark; branches; carbon; equations; forests; indigenous species; leaves; linear models; nitrogen; phosphorus; plantations; potassium; pulpwood; trees; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... Gmelina arborea Roxb. is a fast-growing, deciduous tree species native to Bangladesh. It has been widely planted since 1992 for commercial production of pulpwood in hilly areas of Bangladesh. The purpose of this study was to derive well-fitting allometric models for estimation of aboveground biomass, and carbon and nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) stocks in G. arborea to ensure sustai ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1488209

9. Allometric models for height and aboveground biomass of dominant tree species in South African Mistbelt forests

Author:
Sylvanus Mensah; Ruan Veldtman; Thomas Seifert
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.1 pp. 19-30
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Combretum; Croton; Syzygium; Trichilia dregeana; aboveground biomass; allometry; biomass production; branches; carbon; equations; forest inventory; models; rain forests; tree and stand measurements; trees; variance; South Africa
Abstract:
... Novel species-specific equations for the estimation of height and aboveground biomass were established for four dominant tree species (Syzygium gerrardii Burtt Davy, Combretum kraussii Hochst., Trichilia dregeana Sond. and Croton sylvaticus Hochst.), in the Northern Mistbelt Forests of South Africa. A non-destructive sampling methodology was applied, which was based on measuring standing trees, se ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1225187

10. Allometric models to estimate foliage biomass of Tamarindus indica in Burkina Faso

Author:
Loyapin Bondé; Moussa Ganamé; Oumarou Ouédraogo; Blandine MI Nacoulma; Adjima Thiombiano; Joseph I Boussim
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.2 pp. 143-150
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Tamarindus indica; allometry; analysis of variance; biomass; equations; forests; income; leaves; medicine; model validation; models; nontimber forest products; people; prediction; socioeconomics; trees; Burkina Faso
Abstract:
... Tamarindus indica L. is a multi-purpose tropical species. In West Africa the local people use its leaves daily as a source of food, medicine and income. To prevent the over-exploitation of this species for its use for non-timber forest products, the estimation of foliage production needs to be adressed. This study aimed to (1) assess the effects of distribution zone and tree size on foliage produc ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1292451

11. Allometric relationships to predict aboveground biomass of 8–10-year-old Eucalyptus grandis × E. nitens in south-eastern Mpumalanga, South Africa

Author:
PB van Niekerk; DM Drew; SB Dovey; B du Toit
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.1 pp. 15-23
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus grandis; Eucalyptus nitens; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; aboveground biomass; allometry; carbon; carbon footprint; carbon sinks; clearcutting; databases; environmental policy; forests; guidelines; hybrids; models; ownership; pulpwood; statistical analysis; stemwood; tree and stand measurements; wood volume; South Africa
Abstract:
... South Africa is new to the implementation of climate change policies, and the forestry sector in this country is taking ownership of estimating its greenhouse gas inventories. Improving the level of accuracy of carbon stock estimations calls for the population of a national biomass database on commercially planted species. The development of models to predict the biomass of Eucalyptus grandis × ni ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1686686

12. Alternative eucalypts for commercial pulpwood production at moderately dry sites in the warm temperate zone of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author:
Robin AW Gardner; Keith M Little; Arnulf Kanzler; Thimagren N Naidoo
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.2 pp. 115-129
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Corymbia; Eucalyptus benthamii; Glycaspis brimblecombei; Leptocybe invasa; altitude; atmospheric precipitation; forests; insect pests; planting; pulpwood; temperate zones; temperature; tree and stand measurements; tree growth; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... During 2001, a series of four site–taxa interaction trials was established in the warm temperate (mean annual temperature range 16–19 °C) forestry climatic zone of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa. The main objective was to investigate the commercial forestry potential of a range of alternative Eucalyptus and Corymbia taxa for moderately dry (mean annual precipitation < 850 mm) sites within the z ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1337434

13. Alternative pine hybrids and species to Pinus patula and P. radiata in South Africa and Swaziland

Author:
Phillip Hongwane; Glen Mitchell; Arnulf Kanzler; Steven Verryn; Juan Lopez; Paxie Chirwa
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.4 pp. 301-310
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Fusarium circinatum; Pinus caribaea; Pinus elliottii; Pinus maximinoi; Pinus oocarpa; Pinus patula; Pinus radiata; Pinus tecunumanii; altitude; cold; forests; freezing; fungi; hybrids; parents; plant improvement; planting; rain; summer; temperate zones; winter; Eswatini; South Africa
Abstract:
... Through the collaborative efforts of companies affiliated with the International Program for Tree Improvement and Conservation (Camcore), a number of pine hybrids have been produced over the last decade. Many of these have been planted in trials across southern Africa that broadly represent winter and summer rainfall areas, with the latter ranging from warm to cold temperate sites. The five-year s ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1393744

14. Analysing species site-specific tree growth, mortality and in-growth for miombo woodlands in Tanzania

Author:
E E Njoghomi; S Valkonen; K Karlsson
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.1 pp. 43-55
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
ecosystems; mortality; stand density; tree growth; trees; Tanzania
Abstract:
... The silvicultural information base for the development of management regimes for Tanzanian miombo woodlands is underdeveloped. The limited and fragmented information on tree growth and stand dynamics has constrained the progress of sustainable management in these woodlands. Therefore, this study focused on analysing major components of tree growth, mortality, in-growth and stand dynamics on perman ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2020.1814113

15. Anatomical changes in the cell-wall structure of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit as caused by the decay fungi Trametes versicolor and Trametes hirsuta

Author:
Isha M Bhatt; Pramod S; Rina D Koyani; Kishore S Rajput
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.4 pp. 297-303
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Coriolus hirsutus; Coriolus versicolor; Leucaena leucocephala; Trametes; cell walls; confocal laser scanning microscopy; decay fungi; decayed wood; delignification; forests; sap; sapwood
Abstract:
... The structural changes in the cell wall and delignification pattern caused by Trametes versicolor and Trametes hirsuta in the sap wood of Leucaena leucocephala were examined by light and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The in vitro decay test was conducted for 12 weeks. Both species of Trametes used in this study caused anatomical characteristics specific to simultaneous white rot. Formation o ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1063032

16. Anatomical, physiological and allometric contrasts of the Cerrado tree Dalbergia miscolobium in full sun and shade environments

Author:
Ane Marcela das Chagas Mendonça; Jean Marcel Sousa Lira; Marcelo Rodrigues; Vanessa da Fontoura Custódio Monteiro; Edson Simão; João Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino Barbosa
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.2 pp. 104-111
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Dalbergia miscolobium; allometry; carbon; cerrado; chlorophyll; density; dry matter partitioning; forests; geographical distribution; leaf thickness; leaves; light; phenotype; phenotypic plasticity; photosynthesis; root shoot ratio; seedlings; shade; solar radiation; specific leaf area; stomatal conductance; tree height; trees
Abstract:
... The Brazilian Cerrado is a mosaic comprised of different vegetation formations and consequently, different environmental conditions. Tree density modifies the availability of light and affects species distribution. Thus, seedlings of species with a broad distribution should show contrasting anatomical, morphological, and physiological traits depending on environmental conditions, and this should a ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1649348

17. Annual litter production in a Brazilian Cerrado woodland savanna

Author:
Alan N Costa; Alessandra Bartimachi; Heraldo L Vasconcelos; Emilio M Bruna; Ernane HM Vieira-Neto
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.1 pp. 65-69
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
biomass; cerrado; conservation areas; dry season; ecosystems; environmental quality; forests; habitats; landscapes; leaf abscission; leaves; plant litter; savannas; spatial variation; temporal variation; traps; vegetation gradient; woodlands; woody plants; Brazil
Abstract:
... The Brazilian Cerrado is a heterogeneous ecosystem where annual woody-layer litter production shows strong spatiotemporal variation. Although Cerrado litter dynamics have been well-documented in forest physiognomies, knowledge from savanna habitats remains limited despite their predominance across the landscape. In this study, the fine-woody litter production and their fractions were quantified th ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1686691

18. Applied disease screening and selection program for resistance to vascular wilt in Hawaiian Acacia koa

Author:
Nicklos S Dudley; Tyler C Jones; Robert L James; Richard A Sniezko; Phil Cannon; Dulal Borthakur
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 65-73
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia koa; Fusarium oxysporum; durability; field experimentation; forests; fungi; genetic resistance; germplasm; greenhouse experimentation; greenhouses; landowners; mortality; pathogens; reforestation; screening; seedlings; seeds; trees; vascular wilt; virulence; Hawaii
Abstract:
... Acacia koa is a valuable tree species economically, ecologically and culturally in Hawai'i. A vascular wilt disease of A. koa resulting from infection by the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. koae (FOXY) causes high rates of mortality in field plantings and threatens native A. koa forests in Hawai'i. Landowners are reluctant to consider A. koa for reforestation and restoration in many area ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1007263

19. Artificial light improves productivity of mini-cuttings in a clonal minigarden of Eucalyptus benthamii and E. dunnii

Author:
Enéas Ricardo Konzen; Natália Saudade de Aguiar; Marcio Carlos Navroski; Clenilso Sehnen Mota; Leticia Miranda; Regiane Abjaud Estopa; Erasmo Luis Tonett; Mariane de Oliveira Pereira
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.4 pp. 310-320
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus benthamii; blue light; canopy; cold; cold tolerance; leaves; solar radiation; Brazil
Abstract:
... Eucalypts are economically important worldwide, being largely propagated by clonal means, that is, frequently achieved by mini-cuttings. Regional climatic conditions, however, interfere with this strategy. Southern Brazil, especially in higher altitudes, has a considerable number of cloudy and cold days annually. It is a challenge for clonal propagation, even for cold-tolerant species such as Euca ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.2000326

20. Artificial neural networks and non-linear regression for quantifying the wood volume in Eucalyptus species

Author:
Tays Silva Batista; Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro; Gileno Brito de Azevedo; Glauce Taís de Oliveira Sousa Azevedo; Nerison Luis Poersch; Marcus Vinicius Vieira Borges; Paulo Eduardo Teodoro
Source:
Southern forests 2022 v.84 no.1 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Corymbia citriodora; Eucalyptus; data collection; experimental design; neural networks; regression analysis; sample size; topology; wood volume
Abstract:
... Wood volume is the variable that best represents the yield of planted forests, and several regression models are used in its estimation. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are recognised for their accuracy and generalisation capacity associated with the quality and quantity of data in training and validation. Box–Müller transformation generates random variables from the original data and provides a ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.1976604

21. Assessing alternatives for growth and yield modelling in eucalypt stands

Author:
Thaynara Reis; Simone Silva; Ivaldo Tavares Junior; Rodrigo Leite; Mariana Taquetti; Kemely Atanazio; Leonardo Fardin; Jovane Cruz; Helio Leite
Source:
Southern forests 2022 v.84 no.1 pp. 34-43
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; climate; data collection; models; site index; soil; stand management; statistics
Abstract:
... Growth and yield estimates are extremely important for forest stand management. The application of simple models is often useful, as it allows the use of plots with few or a single measurement. The objective of this study was to evaluate methods for modelling eucalypt stand volume under different conditions of climate and soil. We fitted the Gompertz, Logistic and Exponential models, stratifying b ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.2011468

22. Assessing the utility of ALOS PALSAR and SPOT 4 to predict timber volumes in even-aged Eucalyptus plantations located in Zululand, South Africa

Author:
Riyad Ismail; Horst Kassier; Morries Chauke; Francesco Holecz; Nico Hattingh
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.3 pp. 203-211
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; business enterprises; forests; models; planning; plantations; synthetic aperture radar; timber supply; South Africa
Abstract:
... In commercial forestry, regular terrestrial enumerations of the growing stock are required for the valuation, sustain-able management and planning of current and future timber supplies. In this study we examined whether the combination of synthetic aperture radar (ALOS PALSAR) and optical satellite (SPOT 4) image data can accurately predict the timber volume of even-aged Eucalyptus plantations loc ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.1001681

23. Assessing the utility of airborne laser scanning derived indicators for tropical forest management

Author:
Vitor Antunes Martins da Costa; Adeliton da Fonseca de Oliveira; Jhonathan Gomes dos Santos; Alex Augusto Abreu Bovo; Danilo Roberti Alves de Almeida; Eric Bastos Gorgens
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.4 pp. 352-358
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
aboveground biomass; administrative management; area; canopy gaps; forest management; forest stands; lidar; linear models; logging; monitoring; sustainable forestry; trees; tropical forests
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to evaluate four airborne laser scanning derived indicators for monitoring tropical forest stands at different stages of sustainable management practices. The traditional monitoring routines are inefficient and time consuming due to the limitation of optical sensors in detecting features below the canopy and to the large areas involved in forest management. Nine pro ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2020.1733757

24. Assessment of enrichment planting of teak (Tectona grandis) in degraded dry deciduous dipterocarp forest in the Central Highlands, Vietnam

Author:
Bao Huy; Pham Cong Tri; Tran Triet
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.1 pp. 75-84
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Dipterocarpaceae; Tectona grandis; altitude; flooded conditions; forests; industrial crops; logging; phosphorus pentoxide; planting; regression analysis; rubber; sand; soil types; survival rate; trees; wet season; Vietnam
Abstract:
... After years of unsustainable logging, dry deciduous dipterocarp forest (DDDF) has become poor in timber stocks and has been converted to industrial crops such as rubber. The objectives of this study were to assess teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) tree establishment under degraded DDDF conditions and to determine factors that influence the suitability of teak as a forest enrichment tree species. A set o ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1286560

25. Assessment of plant species composition and natural regeneration in abandoned settlements in the lower montane forest of Kilimanjaro National Park, Tanzania

Author:
Imani Abinery Kikoti; Cosmas Mligo; Henry Joseph Ndangalasi
Source:
Southern forests 2022 v.84 no.1 pp. 60-69
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Baccharoides lasiopus; analysis of variance; forestry development; indigenous species; land use; microclimate; montane forests; national parks; natural regeneration; people; soil fertility; species richness; trees; villages; Tanzania
Abstract:
... Anthropogenic modification of montane forests to other land uses has significant effects on native vegetation and the ecological functions of plant communities, such as in the forests of Mount Kilimanjaro. This study was carried out in Kilimanjaro National Park at the former Engushai forest village, where local people were relocated for conservation in 2006. Forty 20 × 50 m plots were established ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.2019563

26. Association of the pitch canker pathogen Fusarium circinatum with grass hosts in commercial pine production areas of South Africa

Author:
Cassandra L Swett; Bernice Porter; Gerda Fourie; Emma T Steenkamp; Thomas R Gordon; Michael J Wingfield
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.3 pp. 161-166
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Briza maxima; DNA; Ehrharta; Fusarium circinatum; Pinus; Pseudotsuga menziesii; disease occurrence; endophytes; forests; fungi; grasses; host range; hosts; inoculum; nucleotide sequences; pathogens; plantations; sanitation; virulence; California; South Africa
Abstract:
... The pitch canker pathogen, Fusarium circinatum , has major impacts on production in pine nurseries and plantations in South Africa. Thus far, efforts to reduce local spread have focused on rouging of infected pines and sanitation to eliminate local sources of inoculum. Although the host range of F. circinatum was thought to be limited to pines and Douglas-fir, recent studies in California indicate ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.916087

27. Australian acacias as invasive species: lessons to be learnt from regions with long planting histories

Author:
David M Richardson; Johannes J Le Roux; John RU Wilson
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 31-39
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia; Pinus; biological control; cost benefit analysis; cultivars; disturbed soils; ecosystems; forest industries; forests; humans; invasive species; monitoring; plantation forestry; planting; risk; trees; wattles; South Africa; South East Asia
Abstract:
... Problems associated with invasiveness of non-native tree species used in forestry are increasing rapidly worldwide and are most severe in areas with a long history of plantings. Lessons learnt in areas with long histories of plantings and invasions may be applicable to areas with shorter planting histories. Most research towards understanding such tree invasions has focused on Pinus species, thoug ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.999305

28. Biology of Litosermyle ocanae in Colombian Pinus patula plantations

Author:
Carlos A Rodas; Brett P Hurley; María D Bolaños; Ginna M Granados; Michael J Wingfield
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.3 pp. 279-284
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Chrysididae; Diapheromeridae; Pinus patula; defoliating insects; eggs; females; financial economics; forests; instars; males; natural enemies; parasitic wasps; plantations; population dynamics; sex ratio; Colombia
Abstract:
... Plantations of Pinus spp. in Colombia are severely damaged by various phasmid (Phasmatodea: Diapheromeridae) insects. Of these, Litosermyle ocanae is one of the most serious defoliators. Since 1988, several outbreaks have been recorded in Pinus patula plantations, resulting in substantial economic losses. The aim of this study was to determine the life cycle of Litosermyle ocanae in P. patula plan ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1334175

29. Biology, incidence and host susceptibility of Pineus boerneri (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) in Colombian pine plantations

Author:
Carlos A Rodas; Rubén Serna; Maria D Bolaños; Ginna M Granados; Michael J Wingfield; Brett P Hurley
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.3 pp. 165-171
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pineus; plantations; insect pests; introduced species; greenhouse experimentation; instars; Pinus kesiya; predators; surveys; trees; planting; predation; biological control; forests; Colombia
Abstract:
... Adelgids (Hemiptera) in the genus Pineus have been reported as introduced insect pests causing serious losses to Pinus plantations worldwide. In 2008, Pineus boerneri was recorded for the first time in Colombia, with infestations noted on Pinus kesiya , P. tecunumanii , P. maximinoi and P. oocarpa . The lack of information on this insect in Colombia prompted investigations of its life cycle and in ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.1001662

30. Biomass equations for selected drought-tolerant eucalypts in South Africa

Author:
Darius Phiri; Pierre Ackerman; Brand Wessels; Ben du Toit; Marie Johansson; Harald Säll; Sven-Olof Lundqvist; Thomas Seifert
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.4 pp. 255-262
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; allometry; bark; biomass; branches; branchwood; carbon sequestration; coasts; drought tolerance; equations; forests; leaves; models; stemwood; trees; South Africa
Abstract:
... In the water-scarce environment of South Africa, drought-tolerant eucalypt species have the potential to contribute to the timber and biomass resource. Biomass functions are a necessary prerequisite to predict yield and carbon sequestration. In this study preliminary biomass models for Eucalyptus cladocalyx , E. gomphocephala and E. grandis · E. camaldulensis from the dry West Coast of South Afric ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1055542

31. Biomass harvesting in Eucalyptus plantations in Western Australia

Author:
M R Ghaffariyan; M Brown; M Acuna; J Sessions; M Kuehmaier; J Wiedemann
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.3-4 pp. 149-154
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; biomass production; energy; fellers; forests; harvesting; harvesting equipment; plantations; regression analysis; trucks; Western Australia
Abstract:
... Australia is at an early stage of exploring the use of forest biomass to generate energy. This study evaluated the biomass yield and the productivity rates of equipment for harvesting biomass in a poor-quality eucalypt plantation. The operation consisted of a tracked feller-buncher, grapple skidder and mobile chipper. Time study methods were used to measure the harvesting operation. A multiple reg ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.639491

32. Biomass production and carbon storage of Populus ×canadensis Guinier I-214 plantations grown at Pogradeci region in Albania

Author:
E Toromani; M Sanxhaku; M Sallaku; E Shaho
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.2 pp. 91-99
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Populus; analysis of variance; biomass production; carbon; carbon sequestration; equations; linear models; plantations; planting; tree and stand measurements; trees; water content; Albania
Abstract:
... Fast-growing plantations of Populus ×canadensis Moench (syn. P. ×euramericana (Dode) Guinier ex Piccarolo) clone I-214 have good potential for biomass production. The objective of the study was estimation of biomass using allometric equations and estimation of carbon allocation according to tree components. The study was carried out in five poplar stands (total area 16.9 ha) in the Pogradeci regio ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.610877

33. Biomass production and potential water stress increase with planting density in four highly productive clonal Eucalyptus genotypes

Author:
Rodrigo Hakamada; Robert M Hubbard; Silvio Ferraz; José Luiz Stape; Cristiane Lemos
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.3 pp. 251-257
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; biomass production; climate; climate change; clones; dry season; forest stands; forests; genotype; leaf water potential; plant density; planting; silvicultural practices; stand density; stemwood; trees; water stress; wet season; Brazil
Abstract:
... The choice of planting density and tree genotype are basic decisions when establishing a forest stand. Understanding the interaction between planting density and genotype, and their relationship with biomass production and potential water stress, is crucial as forest managers are faced with a changing climate. However, few studies have investigated this relationship, especially in areas with highl ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1256041

34. Breeding polyploid varieties of tropical acacias: progress and prospects

Author:
A Rod Griffin; Nghiem Quynh Chi; Jane L Harbard; Do Huu Son; Christopher E Harwood; Aina Price; Tran Duc Vuong; Anthony Koutoulis; Ha Huy Thinh
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.1 pp. 41-50
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Acacia mangium; breeding; clones; diploidy; disease resistance; forests; growers; heterosis; heterozygosity; hybrids; reproductive performance; rooting; seeds; stress tolerance; tetraploidy; trees; triploidy; wind; wood fibers; Vietnam
Abstract:
... The paper reviews a decade of progress with breeding new polyploid varieties of Acacia mangium and other tropical acacias in Vietnam, and outlines plans for future strategies to complement conventional diploid breeding. Polyploid breeding is a means of introducing diversity into breeding populations, of making step-change improvements in wood fibre and other properties, and reducing reproductive o ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.999303

35. Can early thinning and pruning lessen the impact of pine plantations on beetle and ant diversity in the Patagonian steppe?

Author:
JC Corley; JM Villacide; M Vesterinen
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.3 pp. 195-202
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Coleoptera; Pinus; arid zones; canopy; grazing; habitats; insects; pitfall traps; plantations; pruning; sheep; species diversity; steppes; vegetation cover; Argentina
Abstract:
... Pine plantations are thought to negatively impact species diversity and to irreversibly modify arid zones. However, some studies have suggested that through the application of appropriate management practices, the negative impacts of plantations may be reduced. Our aim was to study the effects of early pruning and thinning on the ground-dwelling insects found in pine tree plantations in Patagonia. ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.722837

36. Cant sawing log positioning in a sawmill: searching for an optimal solution

Author:
CB Wessels; J de V du Plessis; NH Smit
Source:
Southern forests 2011 v.73 no.1 pp. 15-22
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
algorithms; sawing; sawmills
Abstract:
... Automated three-dimensional log scanning and positioning systems in a sawmill have a limited time available to reach an optimal positioning solution before primary breakdown sawing starts. In this study a search algorithm (tentacle algorithm) was developed for this task and was empirically evaluated in terms of its ability to find an optimal or close-to-optimal positioning solution in a limited nu ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2011.576486

37. Carbon production from seasonal litterfall in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Author:
Greyce CB Maas; Carlos R Sanquetta; Renato Marques; Sebastião do A Machado; Mateus NI Sanquetta; Ana Paula D Corte; Iara M Barberena
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.2 pp. 128-134
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Araucaria; bark; carbon; climate change; ecosystems; greenhouses; inventories; plant litter; spring; summer; Brazil
Abstract:
... Forests play an important role in climate change, acting as a source or sink of carbon. There is, however, a lack of data regarding the carbon production from litterfall in tropical forests. The Atlantic Forest is one of the most distinguished forest types in Brazil, encompassing the Araucaria Forest. In this study, we assessed the seasonal carbon production from litterfall. Data were collected ev ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.1886575

38. Carbon stock in the community managed Sal (Shorea robusta) forests of Dadeldhura district, western Nepal

Author:
Suresh Prashad Bhatta; Anjana Devkota
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.1 pp. 47-55
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Shorea robusta; allometry; carbon; carbon sinks; climate change; community forestry; equations; rain forests; sampling; shrubs; trees; Nepal
Abstract:
... Four community-managed Sal forests in Dadeldhura district of Nepal were selected for the assessment of carbon stock. The stratified random sampling method was applied to measure the field data from 105 sample plots of 100 m². The carbon stock of trees and shrubs was estimated using Chave allometric equations for moist forests. The study found that the community forests stored carbon stock ranging ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1686690

39. Carbon stocks and productivity of mangrove forests in Tanzania

Author:
Marco A Njana; Eliakimu Zahabu; Rogers E Malimbwi
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.3 pp. 217-232
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Avicennia marina; Ceriops tagal; Rhizophora mucronata; anthropogenic activities; biomass production; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sinks; dead wood; death; deforestation; ecosystem services; greenhouse gas emissions; mangrove forests; plant cuttings; uncertainty; Southern Africa; Tanzania
Abstract:
... Mangroves offer a number of ecosystem goods and services, including carbon (C) storage. As a carbon pool, mangroves could be a source of CO₂ emissions as a result of human activities such as deforestation and forest degradation. Conversely, mangroves may act as a CO₂ sink through biomass accumulation. This study aimed to determine carbon stocks, harvest removals and productivity of mangrove forest ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1334314

40. Carbon stocks in a 50‑year‑old Eucalyptus camaldulensis stand in Sicily, Italy

Author:
Riccardo Scalenghe; Luisella Celi; Giovanna Costa; V Armando Laudicina; Stefania Santoni; Dario Vespertino; Tommaso La Mantia
Source:
Southern forests 2015 v.77 no.4 pp. 263-267
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus camaldulensis; aboveground biomass; afforestation; belowground biomass; branches; carbon; carbon sinks; forests; leaves; planning; plantations; planting; roots; semiarid zones; soil; tropics; Italy; Sicily
Abstract:
... Eucalyptus stands in semi‑arid areas may contribute to enhance carbon (C) stocks in both biomass and soil. However, the limited information available is mainly focused on short‑rotation plantations. In this study, the above‑ and below‑ground C pools in five 50‑year‑old Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. stands planted on Miocenic evaporitic deposits in Sicily, Italy, with a xeric and thermic pedoclim ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2015.1055541

41. Ceratocystis wilt on Eucalyptus: first record from South Africa

Author:
J Roux; MJ Wingfield; A Fourie; K Noeth; I Barnes
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.1 pp. 24-31
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Ceratocystis; DNA; Eucalyptus grandis; Eucalyptus urophylla; cambium; death; discoloration; forests; fungal diseases of plants; genes; hybrids; internal transcribed spacers; pathogenicity; plant pathogenic fungi; roots; sapwood; sequence analysis; stems; trees; vascular wilt; South Africa
Abstract:
... Wilt and death of an E. grandis × E. urophylla variety was recently observed in the Zululand region of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Symptoms on the dying trees included a streaking pattern of discolouration in the sapwood and cambium of stems and roots. A fungus resembling a Ceratocystis sp. was consistently found sporulating on diseased material and isolated from the symptomatic root and stem tis ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1686687

42. Changes in decomposition rate and litterfall in riparian zones with different basal area of exotic Eucalyptus in south-eastern Brazil

Author:
Glaucia Regina Santos; Marina Shinkai Gentil Otto; José Raimundo de Souza Passos; Felipe Ferreira Onofre; Valdemir Antônio Rodrigues; Felipe Rossetti de Paula; Silvio Frosini de Barros Ferraz
Source:
Southern forests 2019 v.81 no.4 pp. 285-295
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus; aquatic environment; botanical composition; collectors; ecological function; ecosystems; edge effects; indigenous species; introduced plants; leaves; lignin content; plant litter; riparian areas; riparian forests; species richness; surveys; Brazil
Abstract:
... Exotic species in riparian environments can influence the quantity and quality of litterfall in the ecological system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Eucalyptus leaves on litterfall and terrestrial and aquatic leaf decomposition in a riparian forest in São Paulo state, Brazil. Three riparian zones were evaluated, and they were designated as areas of low (L), medium (M ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1633503

43. Changes in forest cover and carbon stocks of the coastal scarp forests of the Wild Coast, South Africa

Author:
Kagiso Mangwale; Charlie M Shackleton; Ayanda Sigwela
Source:
Southern forests 2017 v.79 no.4 pp. 305-315
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
harvesting; agricultural land; allometry; equations; land use; fuelwood; soil; aerial photography; carbon; carbon sinks; coasts; natural regeneration; biodiversity; biomass; stand basal area; forest damage; forests; South Africa
Abstract:
... Land-use intensification and declines in vegetative cover are considered pervasive threats to forests and biodiversity globally. The small extent and high biodiversity of indigenous forests in South Africa make them particularly important. Yet, relatively little is known about their rates of use and change. From analysis of past aerial photos we quantified rates of forest cover change in the Matiw ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1255480

44. Characterisation of eucalypt wood from trees with dieback for production of Kraft pulp

Author:
Ana Paula Câmara; Graziela Baptista Vidaurre; Suellen Rios Martins; João Gabriel Missia da Silva; Humberto Fantuzzi Neto; Jean Carlos Lopes de Oliveira; Amélia Guimarães Carvalho; José Cola Zanuncio; Leandro de Siqueira
Source:
Southern forests 2020 v.82 no.2 pp. 112-117
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Eucalyptus grandis; Eucalyptus urophylla; abiotic stress; chemical composition; chemical elements; cooking quality; density; dieback; discs; forests; height; kraft pulp; physicochemical properties; plantations; tree and stand measurements; trees; viscosity; volume; wood; wood density; Brazil
Abstract:
... Dieback, resulting from abiotic stress, compromises the development of trees and the quality of wood. The objective of this work was to characterise the wood and cellulosic pulp produced from young eucalypt wood with dieback. Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla three-year-old trees from commercial plantations in the municipality of Estreito, Maranhão, Brazil were analysed. Height and diamete ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2019.1652549

45. Characterising the diameter distribution of Sal plantations by comparing normal, lognormal and Weibull distributions at Tilagarh Eco-park, Bangladesh

Author:
Jiban Chandra Deb; Md Habibur Rahman Salman; Md Abdul Halim; Md Qumruzzaman Chowdhury; Anindita Roy
Source:
Southern forests 2014 v.76 no.4 pp. 201-208
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Shorea robusta; forest stands; foresters; forests; models; plantations; prediction; probability; stand structure; timber management; trees; Bangladesh
Abstract:
... For many years foresters have been using statistical probability density functions to describe and characterise stand structure. Predicting the current and future yields of a stand is essential for successful stand and timber management. Implicit prediction of current yield is accomplished by using diameter distribution methods. All diameter distribution yield systems predict the number of trees p ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2014.947077

46. Charcoal heaps volume estimation based on unmanned aerial vehicles

Author:
Luiza Marina Esteves de Carvalho; Alessandra Melo; Glauco José de Matos Umbelino; Jan-Peter Mund; Jhonathan Gomes dos Santos; Jacqueline Rosette; Daniel Silveira; Eric Bastos Gorgens
Source:
Southern forests 2021 v.83 no.4 pp. 303-309
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
accountability; charcoal; forestry; geometry; global positioning systems; governance; inventories; labor; ovens; surveys; topography; Brazil
Abstract:
... The charcoal stock in a forestry business is controlled based on the theoretical capacity of the masonry ovens (input) and shipped trucks (output). During the year, the company must monitor the stock for accountability reports and internal governance. This paper proposes a more efficient and precise survey method that overcomes the challenges of the common monitoring system in Brazil. In this stud ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2021.1997067

47. Chemical characteristics of woods from several Chilean native forest species and their relationship with nanomechanical cell properties

Author:
María Graciela Aguayo; William Gacitúa; Paulina Valenzuela; Regis Teixeira Mendonça; Pablo Reyes
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.4 pp. 293-300
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Aextoxicon; Drimys winteri; Fitzroya cupressoides; Laurelia; Laureliopsis philippiana; Libocedrus chilensis; Nothofagus alpina; Nothofagus dombeyi; carbohydrate content; cell walls; chemical analysis; forests; glucans; hardness; hemicellulose; lignin content; modulus of elasticity; physicochemical properties; Chile
Abstract:
... The objective of this research was to study the chemical and nanomechanical characteristics of native woods grown in southern Chile region. The species analysed were Drimys winteri, Laureliopsis philippiana, Aextoxicon puctatum, Nothofagus alpina, Nothofagus dombeyi, Laurelia sempervirens, Austrocedrus chilensis and Fitzroya cupressoides. The samples were collected from the regions of Biobío (37° ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2017.1376269

48. Clonal propagation of Pterocarpus santalinoides L'Hér. ex DC.: the effect of substrate, cutting type, genotype and auxin

Author:
Catherine Ky-Dembele; Jules Bayala; Antoine Kalinganire; Fatoumata Tata Traoré; Bréhima Koné; Alain Olivier
Source:
Southern forests 2016 v.78 no.3 pp. 193-199
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pterocarpus; Sahel; cutting; forage; forests; genotype; indole butyric acid; pruning; rooting; roots; softwood; trees; vegetative propagation; Mali; South America
Abstract:
... Pterocarpus santalinoides is a multipurpose tree species, native to Africa and South America. However, excessive pruning for fodder is jeopardising its seed production leading to poor regeneration in the Sahel region. Efficient vegetative propagation techniques may overcome this concern. To address this issue, four experiments were conducted to determine the effects of substrate (Experiment 1), cu ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2016.1150696

49. Coarse root–shoot allometry of Pinus radiata modified by site conditions in the Western Cape province of South Africa

Author:
H Pretzsch; P Biber; E Uhl; P Hense
Source:
Southern forests 2012 v.74 no.4 pp. 237-246
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
Pinus pinaster; Pinus radiata; adults; allometry; carbon sequestration; dendrochronology; ecosystems; fine roots; forests; growth rings; models; mortality; root growth; shoots; water stress; South Africa
Abstract:
... The relationship between root and shoot growth and how it is modified by chronic or episodic drought stress is so far not well understood. Allometric partitioning theory (APT) supposes a constant root–shoot allometry. Optimal partitioning theory (OPT) assumes that plants’ root growth is enhanced under water limitation. However, recent studies show that fine and coarse roots react differently. This ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2012.741794

50. Communities’ perceptions of benefit-sharing mechanisms for forest-based land reform models in South Africa

Author:
Ratsodo Phillip Tshidzumba; Paxie W Chirwa; Folaranmi D Babalola
Source:
Southern forests 2018 v.80 no.4 pp. 381-389
ISSN:
2070-2639
Subject:
forestry; forests; households; income; infrastructure; issues and policy; land reform; livelihood; models; politics; sampling; South Africa
Abstract:
... One of the dominant challenges facing the South African forestry sector is the issue of land restitution. The aim of this study was, therefore, to assess the perception of beneficiaries of benefit-sharing modalities for forest-based land reform initiatives in their locality. A random sampling technique selected 140 and 175 households in Amabomvini and Cata communities in KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern ...
DOI:
10.2989/20702620.2018.1463190