U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Https

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Journal Transactions of the ASAE Remove constraint Journal: Transactions of the ASAE
Start Over

Search

685  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 100 of 685 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. Evaluation of bulk density and vegetation as affected by military vehicle traffic at Fort Riley, Kansas

Author:
A. Retta; L. E. Wagner; J. Tatarko; T. C. Todd
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2013 v.56 no.2 pp. 653-665
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
grasses; analysis of variance; soil surface layers; aboveground biomass; bulk density; freeze-thaw cycles; spring; vegetation cover; soil erosion models; topsoil; ground cover plants; soil compaction; summer; field experimentation; tanks; traffic; forbs; prediction; Kansas
Abstract:
... Studies were conducted using military vehicles to determine the influence of repeated traffic on soil compaction and vegetative losses. These data will eventually be incorporated into models such as the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS). A replicated field experiment was conducted in the fall of 2010 on two soils that dominate the military training grounds at Fort Riley, Kansas. Treatments con ...
Handle:
10113/56420

2. Internal erosion during soil pipeflow: State of the science for experimental and numerical analysis

Author:
G. V. Wilson; J. L. Nieber; R. C. Sidle; G. A. Fox
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2013 v.56 no.2 pp. 465-478
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Richards' equation; bank erosion; erodibility; gully erosion; macropores; mathematical models; pipes; porous media; preferential flow; shear stress; soil erosion models; subsurface flow; turbulent flow
Abstract:
... Many field observations have lead to speculation on the role of piping in embankment failures, landslides, and gully erosion. However, there has not been a consensus on the subsurface flow and erosion processes involved and inconsistent use of terms have exasperated the problem. One such piping process that has experienced a lot of field observations but very limited mechanistic experimental work ...
Handle:
10113/56639

3. Aerating farmer stock peanut storage in the southeastern U.S

Author:
Butts, C.L.; Dorner, J.W.; Brown, S.L.; Arthur, F.H.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2006 v.49 no.2 pp. 457-465
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
stored products; peanuts; aeration; ventilation systems; agricultural structures and facilities; storage temperature; spatial variation; Arachis hypogaea; air flow; Georgia
Abstract:
... A two-year study was conducted to determine acceptable aeration strategies for farmer stock peanuts stored in conventional warehouses with and without headspace ventilation. Farmer stock peanuts were stored in 1/10th scale model warehouses with various aeration and ventilation treatments. Peanuts were loaded into each warehouse in the fall and stored for about 190 days. Peanuts stored with aeratio ...
Handle:
10113/1349

4. Foliar deposition and off-target loss with different spray techniques in nursery applications

Author:
Zhu, H.; Derksen, R.C.; Guler, H.; Krause, C.R.; Ozkan, H.E.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2006 v.49 no.2 pp. 325-334
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
foliar spraying; plant nurseries; air-assisted sprayers; nozzles; spray drift; Malus domestica; spray deposition; agrochemicals; droplet size; droplet studies
Abstract:
... Information is lacking on spray techniques to improve deposit uniformity within nursery canopies and reduce off-target loss on the ground and via spray drift from the treated area. Spray deposits at various elevations within crabapple trees and on the ground were investigated with an air blast sprayer equipped with conventional hollow-cone nozzles, air-induction nozzles, and conventional hollow-co ...
Handle:
10113/1344

5. Hydrologic evaluation of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool for a large tile-drained watershed in Iowa

Author:
Green, C.H.; Tomer, M.D.; Di Luzio, M.; Arnold, J.G.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2006 v.49 no.2 pp. 413-422
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
watershed hydrology; tile drainage; Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; Conservation Effects Assessment Project; subsurface drainage; agricultural watersheds; Iowa
Abstract:
... The presence of subsurface tile drainage systems can facilitate nutrient and pesticide transport, thereby contributing to environmental pollution. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) water quality model is designed to assess nonpoint and point source pollution and was recently modified for tile drainage. Over 25% of the nation's cropland required improved drainage. In this study, the model's ...
Handle:
10113/335

6. Hydrologic impacts of land-use changes in coastal plain watersheds

Author:
Bosch, D.D.; Sullivan, D.G.; Sheridan, J.M.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2006 v.49 no.2 pp. 423-432
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
land use change; stream flow; afforestation; forested watersheds; watershed hydrology; satellites; remote sensing; coastal plains; agricultural watersheds; Georgia
Abstract:
... Conservation programs developed and implemented by the USDA have led to land-use changes of large areas throughout the U.S. These changes in land-use may lead to changes in evapotranspiration and infiltration and subsequently to dramatic differences in hydrologic response. The impact of recent land-use changes was evaluated using observed precipitation and streamflow data from the Little River wat ...
Handle:
10113/1348

7. Simulating water quality improvements in the Upper North Bosque River watershed due to phosphorus export through turfgrass sod

Author:
Stewart, G.R.; Munster, C.L.; Vietor, D.M.; Arnold, J.G.; McFarland, A.M.S.; White, R.; Provin, T.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2006 v.49 no.2 pp. 357-366
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
water pollution; sediment yield; harvesting; water quality; sod strips; nitrogen; cattle manure; best management practices; erosion control; nonpoint source pollution; filter strips; Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; turf grasses; phosphorus; agricultural watersheds; Texas
Abstract:
... The Upper North Bosque River (UNBR) watershed is under a total maximum daily load (TMDL) mandate to reduce loading of soluble phosphorus (P) in impaired river segments. To address these problems, Texas A&M University researchers have developed a Best Management Practice (BMP) that removes excess nutrients from impaired watersheds through turfgrass sod. Harvest of manure-grown sod removes a thin la ...
Handle:
10113/1346

8. Acoustic trap for female Mediterranean fruit flies

Author:
Mizrach, A.; Hetzroni, A.; Mazor, M.; Mankin, R.W.; Ignat, T.; Grinshpun, J.; Epsky, N.D.; Shuman, D.; Heath, R.R.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 2017-2022
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
insect pests; courtship; insect communication; sounds; insect traps; insect control; Ceratitis capitata; females
Abstract:
... Medflies (Ceratitis capitata) are among the world's most economically harmful pests. In addition, the costs of worldwide monitoring and control are expensive, exceeding $800 million per year in Israel and the U.S. alone. Efficient traps are vitally important tools for medfly quarantine and pest management activities. They are needed for control as well as early detection, for predicting dispersal ...
Handle:
10113/5534

9. Background reflectance compensation and its effect on multispectral leaf surface moisture assessment

Author:
Ramalingam, N.; Ling, P.P.; Derksen, R.C.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 375-383
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
multispectral imagery; Impatiens; greenhouse production; water; remote sensing; reflectance; spraying; leaves
Abstract:
... The feasibility of using a multispectral imaging sensor for non-contact leaf wetness sensing was evaluated. The changes of spectral reflectance in the visible (400-700 nm), very-near-infrared (700-1300 nm) and near-infrared ranges (1300-2500 nm) caused by leaf surface moisture were investigated under filtered tungsten halogen lighting. The spectral information collected using the imaging system wa ...
Handle:
10113/5483

10. Basal sediment concentration measurement using a time domain reflectometry method

Author:
Starr, G.C.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 205-209
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
sediment yield; rangelands; dielectric properties; stream channels; probes (equipment); time domain reflectometry; watersheds; watershed hydrology; runoff; water erosion; Arizona
Abstract:
... Sediment concentration measurement in high-concentration runoff waters is highly problematic. A novel device was developed for high-concentration measurements. This device was then used to measure sediment concentrations during monsoon runoff events at the USDA-ARS Walnut Gulch experimental watershed in southeast Arizona as an example application. Data were obtained using a 55 cm, three-prong, emb ...
Handle:
10113/5477

11. Border strip fertigation: effect of injection strategies on the distribution of bromide

Author:
Adamsen, F.J.; Hunsaker, D.J.; Perea, H.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 529-540
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
border irrigation; basin irrigation; fertigation; nitrogen fertilizers; bromides; nitrates; spatial distribution; sandy soils; irrigated farming; Phoenix dactylifera; computer analysis; simulation models; surface irrigation; California
Abstract:
... Fertigation using surface irrigation is a cost-effective and simple method of applying fertilizer across the field. The primary objective of this study was to compare different strategies for timing injection of bromide and its fate when injected into the irrigation water, as a surrogate for nitrate, during the irrigation of narrow sloping border strips. A fertigation experiment was conducted on s ...
Handle:
10113/5490

12. Breach widening observations from earthen embankment tests

Author:
Hunt, S.L.; Hanson, G.J.; Cook, K.R.; Kadavy, K.C.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 1115-1120
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
floods; dams (hydrology); erodibility; water erosion
Abstract:
... In recent years, interest has risen in the occurrence and effects of overtopping on earth embankments due to the number of dams that have reached the end of their planned service life. The embankment failure process due to overtopping includes several aspects of erosion: failure of the vegetation, concentrated flow, headcut migration, and breach timing, formation, and widening. Research using larg ...
Handle:
10113/5511

13. Characterization and modeling of a high-pressure water-fogging system for grain dust control

Author:
Brabec, D.; Maghirang, R.; Casada, M.; Haque, E.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 331-339
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
grain dust; dust control; spraying; nozzles; droplets; fogs (materials); water; fluid mechanics; computer software
Abstract:
... Grain dust, a health and safety risk, is generated whenever grain is loaded into or unloaded from hoppers and equipment. This research investigated airflow models and evaluated the particle dynamics from a high-pressure water-fogging system for potential dust control at a grain-receiving hopper. Experiments were performed in a test chamber, representing a narrow section of a grain-receiving hopper ...
Handle:
10113/5482

14. Characterization of apparent soil electrical conductivity variability in irrigated sandy and non-saline fields in Colorado

Author:
Farahani, H.J.; Buchleiter, G.W.; Brodahl, M.K.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 155-168
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
irrigated soils; sandy soils; soil salinity; electrical conductivity; electrical resistance; soil water content; clay fraction; cation exchange capacity; soil organic matter; soil heterogeneity; Colorado
Abstract:
... Recent advances in apparent soil electrical conductivity (EC(a)) sensor technology have provided the opportunity to rapidly map soil spatial variability for site-specific management. However, characterizing (or identifying the causes of) the EC(a) variability has remained difficult, with EC(a) and soil property (such as soil water and clay content) relationships showing a wide range of varying str ...
Handle:
10113/5476

15. Combination soaking procedure for rough rice parboiling

Author:
Igathinathane, C.; Chattopadhyay, P.K.; Pordesimo, L.O.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 665-671
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
rice; absorption; rice starch; soaking; parboiling; water; hot water treatment; gelatinization
Abstract:
... Soaking of rough rice is the most time-consuming operation in the parboiling process. A combination soaking procedure for parboiling of rough rice was developed based on the gelatinization temperature of rice starch to achieve rapid completion of soaking. The objectives of this study were to determine the gelatinization temperature of rice starch, the soaking characteristics of the rough rice, and ...
Handle:
10113/5496

16. Comparison of measured and simulated phosphorus losses wtih indexed site vulnerability

Author:
Veith, T.L.; Sharpley, A.N.; Weld, J.L.; Gburek, W.J.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 557-565
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
agricultural soils; fields; risk assessment; losses from soil; nonpoint source pollution; Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; phosphorus; agricultural watersheds; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Nonpoint-source losses of agricultural phosphorus (P) at field and watershed scales must be quantified to facilitate selection and placement of P control measures. Quantification of P loss has been pursued through field monitoring, simulation models, and risk assessment indices. However, the intended users of these methods differ, impacting each method's functional design and ease-of-use. For exam ...
Handle:
10113/5492

17. Controlling soil erosion and runoff with polyacrylamide and phosphogypsum on subtropical soil

Author:
Cochrane, B.H.W.; Reichert, J.M.; Eltz, F.L.F.; Norton, L.D.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 149-154
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
water erosion; erosion control; agricultural runoff; polyacrylamide; phosphogypsum; soil amendments; infiltration (hydrology); soil surface sealing; tropical soils; soil crusts; sandy soils; Alfisols; rain; rainfall simulation; Brazil
Abstract:
... Sandy soil, prone to intense soil erosion, is used for agriculture in the subtropics of Brazil. This study was conducted to determine whether soil amendments are effective for conserving topsoil by preventing water-induced erosion on a Brazilian sandy Alfisol soil (coarse-loamy, mixed, thermic Typic Paleudalf). A programmable rainfall simulator was used at the experimental station of the Federal U ...
Handle:
10113/5475

18. Detection of pits in tart cherries by hyperspectral transmission imaging

Author:
Qin, J.; Lu, R.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 1963-1970
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
seeds; neural networks; hyperspectral imagery; food processing; color; detection; Prunus cerasus; cherries
Abstract:
... The presence of pits or pit fragments in pitted cherry products poses potential hazard to consumers and thus make the food industry liable for economic losses. The objective of this research was to develop a hyperspectral imaging technique for detecting pits in tart cherries. Hyperspectral transmission images were acquired from 'Montmorency' tart cherries for four orientations over the spectral re ...
Handle:
10113/5530

19. Determining vitreousness of durum wheat using transmitted and reflected images

Author:
Wang, N.; Zhang, N.; Dowell, F.E.; Pearson, T.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 219-222
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
product grading; automatic detection; image analysis; transmittance; food grades; durum wheat; reflectance
Abstract:
... Digital imaging technology has found many applications in the grain industry. In this study, images of durum wheat kernels acquired under three illumination conditions (reflected, side-transmitted, and transmitted) were used to develop artificial neural network models to classify durum wheat kernels by their vitreousness. The results showed that the models trained using transmitted images provided ...
Handle:
10113/5478

20. Development and concept evaluation of an on-the-go soil strength measurement system

Author:
Hall, H.E.; Raper, R.L.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 469-477
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
agricultural soils; soil penetration resistance; soil water content; soil strength; bulk density; penetrometers; soil compaction; soil profiles; sandy loam soils
Abstract:
... Root-restricting soil layers reduce crop yields in the southeastern U.S. almost every year due to temporary periods of drought. Subsoiling beneath these layers is an annual practice for most farmers in this region as a method of removing this barrier and improving rooting conditions. Currently, farmers could use a soil cone penetrometer to determine the depth of their root-restrictive layer in a f ...
Handle:
10113/5487

21. Effect of DEM resolutions in the runoff and soil loss predictions of the WEPP watershed model

Author:
Cochrane, T.A.; Flanagan, D.C.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 109-120
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
digital elevation models; agricultural runoff; Water Erosion Prediction Project; geographic information systems; watershed hydrology; water erosion; agricultural watersheds; Iowa; Mississippi; Georgia
Abstract:
... Erosion prediction utilizing digital elevation models (DEMs) is a logical advancement for automating the simulation process for models such as the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP). The effects of using different DEM resolutions on watershed simulations and the ability to accurately predict sediment yield and runoff from different rainfall event sizes were studied using three application met ...
Handle:
10113/5472

22. Effect of cooling methods and milling procedures on the appraisal of rice milling quality

Author:
Pan, Z.; Thompson, J.E.; Amaratunga, K.S.P.; Anderson, T.; Zheng, X.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 1865-1871
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
rice; milling quality; cooling; yields; color; heat exchangers; temperature
Abstract:
... The objective of this research was to appraise the quality of medium-grain rice as affected by cooling and two different Federal Grain Inspection Service (FGIS) milling procedures. Milled rice quality was measured in terms of total rice yield (TRY), head rice yield (HRY), and whiteness. The cooling study used an internal and an external heat exchanger developed for the McGill No. 3 mill with room- ...
Handle:
10113/5527

23. Evaluation of herbicide-based cotton regrowth control using remote sensing

Author:
Yang, C.; Greenberg, S.M.; Everitt, J.H.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 1987-1994
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; cotton; pesticide application; herbicides; application timing; remote sensing; multispectral imagery; stems; regrowth; insect control; insect pests; overwintering; cultural control
Abstract:
... Post-harvest destruction of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) stalks is an important cultural practice for managing overwintering boll weevils (Anthonomous grandis Boheman) and other insect pests such as the silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring) and the pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella). A field experiment was conducted to examine the usefulness of remote sensing techn ...
Handle:
10113/5531

24. Evaluation of runoff prediction from WEPP-based erosion models for harvested and burned forest watersheds

Author:
Covert, S.A.; Robichaud, P.R.; Elliot, W.J.; Link, T.E.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 1091-1100
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
logging; simulation models; equations; forested watersheds; Water Erosion Prediction Project; infiltration (hydrology); forest soils; prescribed burning; runoff; water erosion; subsurface flow; Idaho; Montana
Abstract:
... This study evaluates runoff predictions generated by GeoWEPP (Geo-spatial interface to the Water Erosion Prediction Project) and a modified version of WEPP v98.4 for forest soils. Three small (2 to 9 ha) watersheds in the mountains of the interior Northwest were monitored for several years following timber harvest and prescribed fires. Observed climate variables, percent ground cover, soil erodibi ...
Handle:
10113/5509

25. Forest site preparation effects on soil and nutrient losses in east Texas

Author:
Field, J.P.; Farrish, K.W.; Oswald, B.P.; Romig, M.T.; Carter, E.A.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 861-869
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
site preparation; afforestation; forest plantations; Pinus taeda; herbicides; pesticide application; tillage; prescribed burning; forest soils; soil fertility; nutrient content; losses from soil; water erosion; clearcutting; Texas
Abstract:
... Site preparation practices are frequently utilized in Southern pine ecosystems to facilitate planting and seedling establishment. Soil and nutrient losses were monitored in 12 bordered erosion plots following four site preparation treatments in a clearcut harvested loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) forest in east Texas. Three replications of four site preparation treatments were used: (1) chemical he ...
Handle:
10113/5502

26. A GIS-based regional planning tool for irrigation demand assessment and savings using SWAT

Author:
Santhi, C.; Muttiah, R.S.; Arnold, J.G.; Srinivasan, R.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 137-147
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
simulation models; water conservation; geographic information systems; production costs; Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; irrigated farming; irrigation requirement
Abstract:
... Regional planning for irrigated agriculture requires a thorough understanding of the hydrological processes and spatial and temporal variations associated with hydrological factors such as rainfall, soils, and crops grown in different units of the region. The objective of this study was to improve the capabilities of a basin-scale hydrologic simulation model for regional planning of irrigated agri ...
Handle:
10113/5474

27. Generating correlative storm variables for CLIGEN using a distribution-free approach

Author:
Zhang, X.C.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 567-575
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
sediment yield; simulation models; Water Erosion Prediction Project; rain; climate models; storms; runoff; water erosion; prediction
Abstract:
... CLIGEN is the only weather generator that generates internal storm patterns, which are required by many agricultural system models such as the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model. The lack of correlation between CLIGEN-generated storm variables may limit those models' abilities to predict surface runoff and soil erosion. The objectives of this study were to: (1) test a distribution-free ...
Handle:
10113/5493

28. Hydrologic and water-quality response of forested and agricultural lands during the 1999 extreme weather conditions in eastern North Carolina

Author:
Shelby, J.D.; Chescheir, G.M.; Skaggs, R.W.; Amatya, D.M.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.6 pp. 2179-2188
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
sediment yield; stream flow; water quality; nitrogen; forested watersheds; floods; losses from soil; nonpoint source pollution; watershed hydrology; hurricanes; phosphorus; coastal plains; agricultural watersheds; North Carolina
Abstract:
... This study evaluated hydrologic and water-quality data collected on a coastal-plain research watershed during a series of hurricanes and tropical storms that hit coastal North Carolina in 1999, including hurricanes Dennis, Floyd, and Irene. During September and October 1999, the research watershed received approximately 555 mm of rainfall associated with hurricanes. This was the wettest such perio ...
Handle:
10113/5541

29. Image-processing solution to cotton color measurement problems. I. Instrument design and construction

Author:
Thomasson, J.A.; Shearer, S.A.; Byler, R.K.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 421-438
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
image analysis; meters (equipment); lint cotton; cotton gin trash; color; image processors; computer software; measurement; fiber quality; seed cotton
Abstract:
... Trash particles enmeshed in bulk cotton fiber samples interfere with conventional cotton color measurement accuracy. A new instrument was designed and constructed for reducing trash effects on cotton color measurement, while maintaining the traditional system of cotton color measurement. The instrument's illumination system included four quartz-tungsten-halogenlamps in aluminum elliptical reflecto ...
Handle:
10113/5485

30. Influence of summer management practices of grazed wheat pastures on runoff, sediment, and nutrient losses

Author:
Daniel, J.A.; Phillips, W.A.; Northup, B.K.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2006 v.49 no.2 pp. 349-355
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
sediment yield; soil nutrients; grazing; cattle; agricultural runoff; fallow; nitrate nitrogen; losses from soil; Triticum aestivum; summer; legumes; winter wheat; phosphorus; Oklahoma
Abstract:
... The agricultural economy of the southern Great Plains relies on practices that incorporate grazed winter wheat and associated summer management practices. Information exists about the impact of these practices on water quality, but data related to runoff and associated nutrient and sediment movement due to high intensity, late summer storms in the southern Great Plains are limited. This study exam ...
Handle:
10113/1345

31. Mapping Phymatotrichum root rot of cotton using airborne three-band digital imagery

Author:
Yang, C.; Fernandez, C.J.; Everitt, J.H.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.4 pp. 1619-1626
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; cotton; fungal diseases of plants; root rot; Phymatotrichopsis omnivora; remote sensing; epidemiology; disease control; harvesting; crop yield; multispectral imagery; spatial variation; fields; precision agriculture
Abstract:
... Phymatotrichum root rot, caused by the fungus Phymatotrichum omnivorum, is a serious and destructive disease that significantly reduces cotton yield and lowers lint quality. Cultural practices are commonly recommended for the control of cotton root rot, and fungicides and fumigants that may suppress the disease have also been used. Because of the high costs of these chemicals, their use may be eco ...
Handle:
10113/5521

32. Modeling long-term water quality impact of structural BMPs

Author:
Bracmort, K.S.; Arabi, M.; Frankenberger, J.R.; Engel, B.A.; Arnold, J.G.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2006 v.49 no.2 pp. 367-374
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
best management practices; pollution control; nonpoint source pollution; soil nutrients; water erosion; erosion control; phosphorus; sediment yield; Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; long term experiments; water quality; water pollution; streams; agricultural runoff; Indiana
Abstract:
... Structural best management practices (BMPs) that reduce soil erosion and nutrient losses have been recommended and installed on agricultural land for years. A structural BMP is expected to be fully functional only for a limited period after installation, after which degradation of the BMP is likely to lead to a reduction in the water quality improvement provided by the BMP. Assessing the impact of ...
Handle:
10113/1347

33. Modeling multispectral scattering profiles for prediction of apple fruit firmness

Author:
Peng, Y.; Lu, R.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 235-242
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
raw fruit; mathematical models; product grading; apples; light scattering; multispectral imagery; equations; near-infrared spectroscopy; fruit quality; firmness; prediction; nondestructive methods
Abstract:
... Nondestructive measurement of fruit firmness would allow the fruit industry to deliver superior, consistent fruit to the marketplace and ensure consumer acceptance and satisfaction. The objective of this research was to develop mathematical models to describe the relationship between fruit firmness and multispectral scattering profiles from apples. Scattering images were acquired from Red Deliciou ...
Handle:
10113/5479

34. Modeling sediment trapping in a vegetative filter accounting for converging overland flow

Author:
Helmers, M.J.; Eisenhauer, D.E.; Franti, T.G.; Dosskey, M.G.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 541-555
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
overland flow; filter strips; erosion control; sediment deposition; hydrologic models; agricultural land; soil erosion models; Nebraska
Abstract:
... Vegetative filters (VF) are used to remove sediment and other pollutants from overland flow. When modeling the hydrology of VF, it is often assumed that overland flow is planar, but our research indicates that it can be two-dimensional with converging and diverging pathways. Our hypothesis is that flow convergence will negatively influence the sediment trapping capability of VF. The objectives wer ...
Handle:
10113/5491

35. Non-water-stressed baselines for calculating crop water stress index (CWSI) for alfalfa and tall fescue grass

Author:
Payero, J.O.; Neale, C.M.U.; Wright, J.L.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 653-661
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Festuca arundinacea; canopy; equations; air temperature; Medicago sativa; alfalfa; water stress; thermometers; irrigation scheduling; Idaho
Abstract:
... The lack of transferability of the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) baselines, together with the restriction of having to make required measurements close to noon and under clear-sky conditions, are major drawbacks that restrict the use of the empirical CWSI method for irrigation scheduling. The objectives of this study were to: (1) evaluate the effect of solar radiation (R(s)) on the non-water-stre ...
Handle:
10113/5495

36. Physical modeling of overtopping erosion and breach formation of cohesive embankments

Author:
Hanson, G.J.; Cook, K.R.; Hunt, S.L.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 1783-1794
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
mathematical models; floods; physical models; dams (hydrology); water erosion
Abstract:
... The formation process and timing of a dam embankment breach caused by flood overtopping can dramatically impact the rate at which water is released from a reservoir and directly impacts the hazard to life and property downstream of a breached dam. Therefore, dam embankment erosion processes and the rate of breaching from overtopping events are important to both engineers and planners alike, who mu ...
Handle:
10113/5525

37. Prediction of pesticide losses in surface runoff from agricultural fields using GLEAMS and RZWQM

Author:
Chinkuyu, A.; Meixner, T.; Gish, T.; Daughtry, C.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 585-599
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
GLEAMS model; atrazine; fields; agricultural runoff; herbicide residues; seepage; losses from soil; nonpoint source pollution; metolachlor; Root Zone Water Quality Model; prediction; Maryland
Abstract:
... Seepage zones have been shown to be of critical importance in controlling contaminant export from agricultural watersheds. To date, no multipurpose agricultural water quality model has seepage zones incorporated into its process-level representations. We chose to test two widely used models of agricultural water quality, the Groundwater Loading Effects of Agricultural Management Systems (GLEAMS) a ...
Handle:
10113/5494

38. Problems and potential of autocalibrating a hydrologic model

Author:
Van Liew, M.W.; Arnold, J.G.; Bosch, D.D.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 1025-1040
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
stream flow; hydrologic data; calibration; model validation; watersheds; watershed hydrology; Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; Oklahoma; Georgia
Abstract:
... An investigation was conducted to evaluate strengths and limitations of manual calibration and the existing autocalibration tool in the watershed-scale model referred to as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Performance of the model was tested on the Little River Experimental Watershed in Georgia and the Little Washita River Experimental Watershed in Oklahoma, both USDA-ARS watersheds. A l ...
Handle:
10113/5506

39. Rate and frequency of urease inhibitor application for minimizing ammonia emissions from beef cattle feedyards

Author:
Parker, D.B.; Pandrangi, S.; Greene, L.W.; Almas, L.K.; Cole, N.A.; Rhoades, M.B.; Koziel, J.A.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 787-793
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
beef cattle; concentrated animal feeding operations; cattle manure; ammonia; gas emissions; odor emissions; urease inhibitors; odor control; application rate
Abstract:
... Reduction of ammonia emissions from animal feeding operations is important from the perspective of environmental policy and its impact on agriculture. A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate how rate and frequency of urease inhibitor application affect ammonia emissions from simulated beef cattle feedyard manure surfaces. The urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) was appl ...
Handle:
10113/5500

40. Sensitivity analyses of the nitrogen simulation model, DRAINMOD-N II

Author:
Wang, X.; Youssef, M.A.; Skaggs, R.W.; Atwood, J.D.; Frankenberger, J.R.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.6 pp. 2205-2212
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
simulation models; agricultural soils; nitrogen; nitrate nitrogen; model validation; losses from soil; agricultural management models; drainage; drainage water; sandy loam soils; North Carolina
Abstract:
... A two-step global sensitivity analysis was conducted for the nitrogen simulation model DRAINMOD-N II to assess the sensitivity of model predictions of NO3-N losses with drainage water to various model inputs. Factors screening using the LH-OAT (Latin hypercube sampling - one at a time) sensitivity analysis method was performed as a first step considering 48 model parameters; then a variance-based ...
Handle:
10113/5542

41. Sensitivity analysis of soil and PM₁₀ loss in WEPS using the LHS-OAT method

Author:
Feng, G.; Sharratt, B.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.4 pp. 1409-1420
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
air quality; mathematical models; agricultural soils; agricultural land; soil properties; soil erosion models; wind erosion; Oregon
Abstract:
... The Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) was developed for the specific application of simulating erosion processes from agricultural lands. WEPS is a physically based model, with a moderate to large number of input parameters. Knowledge about model sensitivity is essential to both model developers and users in ascertaining those parameters most influential to modeled object functions. A combined ...
Handle:
10113/5516

42. Soil water estimation using electromagnetic induction

Author:
Akbar, M.A.; Kenimer, A.L.; Searcy, S.W.; Torbert, H.A.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 129-135
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
soil water content; soil analysis; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic induction techniques; Vertisols; estimation; Texas
Abstract:
... Two published salinity models (designated the Rhoades and Mualem-Friedman models, respectively) were examined for application to real-time soil water estimation using apparent soil electrical conductivity. Field data were collected at two sites representing a range of soil types in central Texas: high shrinking-swelling Vertisols in Temple (the Heiden Clay site) and clay loam soils at the Texas A& ...
Handle:
10113/5473

43. Sorption equilibrium moisture characteristics of selected corn stover components

Author:
Igathinathane, C.; Womac, A.R.; Sokhansanj, S.; Pordesimo, L.O.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.4 pp. 1449-1460
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
storage conditions; stems; relative humidity; equations; water content; biofuels; sorption isotherms; corn stover; biomass; leaves
Abstract:
... Corn stover equilibrium moisture isotherms were developed to aide biomass engineering of consistent, uniform-quality feedstock supplies for renewable bioenergy and bioproducts. Equilibrium moisture content (EMC) and equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) sorption data of corn leaf, stalk skin, and stalk pith were experimentally determined using the static gravimetric method at six temperatures rangin ...
Handle:
10113/5517

44. Spray deposition and drift from two "medium" nozzles

Author:
Hoffmann, W.C.; Kirk, I.W.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 5-11
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
spraying; sprayers; nozzles; spray deposition; spray coverage; spray drift; aerial application
Abstract:
... The labels of many crop protection and production materials include specific directions for application, such as "apply as a MEDIUM spray." Therefore, aerial applicators are utilizing computer models and printed materials to comply with these labels. The objective of this study was to determine spray deposition and drift from two "medium" nozzles used in an aerial application. With an application ...
Handle:
10113/5470

45. Status of soil electrical conductivity studies by central state researchers

Author:
Johnson, C.K.; Eigenberg, R.A.; Doran, J.W.; Wienhold, B.J.; Eghball, B.; Woodbury, B.L.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 979-989
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
mineralization; electrical conductivity; ammonium nitrogen; nitrogen; soil properties; cattle manure; nitrate nitrogen; precision agriculture; electromagnetic induction techniques; Triticum aestivum; grain yield; soil fertility; field experimentation; sustained yield management; winter wheat; manure spreading; electrical resistance
Abstract:
... Practical tools are needed to identify and advance sustainable management practices to optimize economic return, conserve soil, and minimize negative off-site environmental effects. The objective of this article is to review current research in non-saline soils of the central U.S. to consider bulk soil electrical conductivity (EC(a)) as an assessment tool for: (1) tracking N dynamics, (2) identify ...
Handle:
10113/5505

46. Surface runoff and lateral subsurface flow as a response to conservation tillage and soil-water conditions

Author:
Bosch, D.D.; Potter, T.L.; Truman, C.C.; Bednarz, C.W.; Strickland, T.C.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.6 pp. 2137-2144
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
sandy soils; water conservation; agricultural soils; soil water balance; strip tillage; loamy sand soils; agricultural runoff; infiltration (hydrology); seasonal variation; coastal plain soils; subsurface flow; Georgia
Abstract:
... Conservation tillage has significant potential as a water management tool for cotton production on sandy, drought-prone soils. Plant residue remaining at the soil surface from prior crops serves as a vapor barrier against water loss, reduces raindrop impact energy, slows surface runoff, and often increases infiltration. By increasing infiltration, the potential for greater plant-available water ca ...
Handle:
10113/5539

47. Temperature-dependent dielectric properties of selected subtropical and tropical fruits and associated insect pests

Author:
Wang, S.; Monzon, M.; Gazit, Y.; Tang, J.; Mitcham, E.J.; Armstrong, J.W.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 1873-1881
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
postharvest treatment; electrical conductivity; insect pests; radio waves; Anastrepha ludens; dielectric properties; postharvest diseases; tropical and subtropical fruits; microwave treatment; temperature; Ceratitis capitata; Bactrocera dorsalis; Zeugodacus cucurbitae; insect control
Abstract:
... Knowledge of the dielectric properties of commodities and insect pests is important in developing thermal treatments for postharvest insect control based on radio frequency (RF) and microwave energy. The dielectric properties of six subtropical and tropical fruits along with four associated insect pests were measured between 1 and 1800 MHz using an open-ended coaxial-line probe technique and at te ...
Handle:
10113/5528

48. Uncertainty in measured sediment and nutrient flux in runoff from small agricultural watersheds

Author:
Harmel, R.D.; King, K.W.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 1713-1721
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
agricultural watersheds; agricultural runoff; sediment yield; losses from soil; nitrate nitrogen; phosphates; nitrates; nonpoint source pollution; water pollution; measurement; water quality; sampling; storms; Texas
Abstract:
... Storm water quality sampling techniques vary considerably in the resources required for sample collection and analysis, and potentially in the resulting constituent flux estimates. However, quantitative information on sampling error is rarely available for use in selecting appropriate sampling techniques and for evaluating the effects of various techniques on measured results. In an effort to quan ...
Handle:
10113/5523

49. Use of an aspirator to separate meat and bone meal into high-ash and high-protein streams

Author:
Garcia, R.A.; Flores, R.A.; Phillips, J.G.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 703-708
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
animal source protein; aspirators; meat and bone meal; separation; industrial applications
Abstract:
... Meat and bone meal (MBM) is a byproduct of the rendering industry. Novel feed and non-feed applications for the protein and minerals in MBM are being developed. MBM would have improved characteristics for these applications if the bone and soft tissue-derived particles could be efficiently separated. An aspirator is a device that separates mixtures of particles based on the terminal velocity of ea ...
Handle:
10113/5497

50. Using site-specific subsoiling to minimize draft and optimize corn yields

Author:
Raper, R.L.; Reeves, D.W.; Shaw, J.N.; van Santen, E.; Mask, P.L.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.6 pp. 2047-2052
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Zea mays; power requirement; subsoiling; corn; precision agriculture; grain yield; Alabama
Abstract:
... Subsoiling is often required to alleviate soil compaction; however, deep tillage can be expensive and time-consuming. If this tillage operation is conducted deeper than the compacted soil layer, energy is wasted. However, if this tillage operation is conducted shallower than the compacted soil layer, energy is again wasted, and plant roots may be prevented from penetrating the compacted layer. Tec ...
Handle:
10113/5536

51. Viability of a biological pest control agent through hydraulic nozzles

Author:
Fife, J.P.; Ozkan, H.E.; Derksen, R.C.; Grewal, P.S.; Krause, C.R.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 45-54
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
simulation models; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora; entomopathogenic nematodes; Heterorhabditis megidis; nozzles; fluid mechanics; biological control agents; mortality; mechanical stress; Steinernema carpocapsae; insect control; spraying; Steinernema glaseri; biological control
Abstract:
... Exposure to hydrodynamic stresses during flow through a hydraulic nozzle can cause permanent damage to biological pesticides during spray application. Aqueous suspensions of a benchmark biological pest control agent, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), were passed through three different hydraulic nozzles (standard flat fan, Spraying Systems XR8001VS; hollow cone, Spraying Systems TXA8001VK; and fu ...
Handle:
10113/5471

52. The impact of temperature and shallow hydrologic conditions on the magnitude and spatial pattern consistency of electromagnetic induction measured soil electrical conductivity

Author:
Allred, B.J.; Ehsani, M.R.; Saraswat, D.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.6 pp. 2123-2135
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
agricultural soils; electrical conductivity; meters (equipment); soil temperature; soil water content; soil chemical properties; air temperature; electromagnetic induction techniques; spatial variation; water table
Abstract:
... In situ measurement of apparent soil electrical conductivity (EC(a)) is an important precision agriculture tool for determining spatial changes in the soil properties affecting soil fertility. However, dynamic temperature and shallow hydrologic conditions also influence the measured EC(a) and need to be considered. Therefore, the impact of temperature (air, soil) and shallow hydrologic conditions ...
Handle:
10113/5538

53. A simulated approach to estimating PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations downwind from cotton gins

Author:
Wanjura, J.D.; Buser, M.D.; Parnell, C.B. Jr.; Shaw, B.W.; Lacey, R.E.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 1919-1925
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
simulation models; wind; cotton ginning; dust emissions; equations; particulate emissions; air pollution
Abstract:
... Cotton gins are required to obtain operating permits from state air pollution regulatory agencies (SAPRA), which regulate the amount of particulate matter that can be emitted. Industrial Source Complex Short Term version 3 (ISCST3) is the Gaussian dispersion model currently used by some SAPRAs to predict downwind concentrations used in the regulatory process in the absence of field sampling data. ...
Handle:
10113/5529

54. A transponder for harmonic radar tracking of the black vine weevil in behavioral research

Author:
Brazee, R.D.; Miller, E.S.; Reding, M.E.; Klein, M.G.; Nudd, B.; Zhu, H.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 831-838
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Otiorhynchus sulcatus; insect pests; insect behavior; transponders; radar; locomotion; field experimentation
Abstract:
... The black vine weevil (BVW), Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Fabricius), is a major economic insect pest for growers of ornamental nursery crops and small fruits. Development of management strategies by entomologists and growers has been hampered by a lack of behavioral information on movement of BVW within agroecosystems. Although insects can be tracked using tag-and-release methods, the BVW is active pri ...
Handle:
10113/5501

55. Acoustic compaction layer detection

Author:
Grift, T.E.; Tekeste, M.Z.; Raper, R.L.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 1723-1730
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
soil penetration resistance; acoustic properties; soil compaction; penetrometers
Abstract:
... The ASAE standardized tool to detect the depth and strength of compaction layers in the field is the cone penetrometer. Since this method is point-to-point, researchers have experimented with on-the-fly alternatives that can be used as, or in combination with, a standard tillage tool. On-the-fly compaction layer sensing also enables adaptive tillage, where the soil is only tilled as deep as necess ...
Handle:
10113/5524

56. Airborne hyperspectral imagery and yield monitor data for estimating grain sorghum yield variability

Author:
Yang, C.; Everitt, J.H.; Bradford, J.M.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.3 pp. 915-924
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Sorghum bicolor; grain crops; grain sorghum; grain yield; yield mapping; spatial variation; multispectral imagery; remote sensing; principal component analysis; Texas
Abstract:
... As hyperspectral imagery is becoming more available, it is necessary to evaluate its potential for crop monitoring and precision agriculture applications. In this study, airborne hyperspectral imagery was examined for estimating grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) yield variability as compared with yield monitor data. Hyperspectral images containing 128 spectral bands in the visible to nea ...
Handle:
10113/9680

57. Biomass moisture relations of an agricultural field residue: corn stover

Author:
Womac, A.R.; Igathinathane, C.; Sokhansanj, S.; Pordesimo, L.O.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.6 pp. 2073-2083
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
temporal variation; processing technology; evapotranspiration; monitoring; storage; environmental factors; evaporation; water content; corn stover; field experimentation; biomass; industrial applications; Tennessee
Abstract:
... Moisture of corn stover was field monitored under southeast U.S. ambient conditions to aid biomass collection decisions. Timing to collect stover at low moisture depended on elapsed time on field, elapsed time after precipitation, time of day, contact with soil, and conditioning effect by combine header. Grain had been combine-harvested at kernel moistures of either 25% or 15% wet basis (w.b.). St ...
Handle:
10113/5537

58. Calibration methods for nondestructive microwave sensing of moisture content and bulk density of granular materials

Author:
Trabelsi, S.; Nelson, S.O.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.6 pp. 1999-2008
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
dielectric properties; calibration; soybeans; corn; wheat; bulk density; water content; microwave radiation; nondestructive methods
Abstract:
... The principles of a nondestructive multiparameter microwave sensor operating at a single frequency are presented. Two calibration methods are reviewed and compared for simultaneous, independent determination of bulk density and moisture content in granular materials. The first calibration method is based on measurement of attenuation and phase shift through a layer of material in free space. The a ...
Handle:
10113/9732

59. Calibration, refinement, and application of the WEPP model for simulating climatic impact on wheat production

Author:
Zhang, X.C.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.4 pp. 1075-1085
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
saturated hydraulic conductivity; evapotranspiration; grain crops; soil water content; Water Erosion Prediction Project; infiltration (hydrology); plant-water relations; rain; Triticum aestivum; grain yield; climate models; winter wheat; runoff; Oklahoma
Abstract:
... Agricultural system models are useful tools for tailoring agricultural production systems to possible climate variations. The objectives of this work were: (1) to evaluate and calibrate the water balance and crop components of the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model and to make improvements if necessary, and (2) to simulate hydrologic and crop responses to generated climate scenarios for ...
Handle:
10113/9706

60. Characterization of volatile organic compounds on airborne dust in a swine finishing barn

Author:
Razote, E.B.; Maghirang, R.G.; Seitz, L.M.; Jeon, I.J.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.4 pp. 1231-1238
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
microextraction; chemical composition; sampling; laboratory techniques; barns; dust emissions; swine housing; volatile organic compounds; odor compounds; odor emissions; air pollution; solid phase extraction
Abstract:
... Three methods of extracting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) adsorbed on the airborne dust in a swine finishing building were investigated: solvent extraction using dichloromethane, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) using carboxen/ polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) and PDMS fibers, and purge and trap. Airborne dust was first collected in pre-baked glass-fiber filters and analyzed using each of the ...
Handle:
10113/9710

61. Classification of closed- and open-shell pistachio nuts using voice-recognition technology

Author:
Cetin, A.E.; Pearson, T.C.; Tewfik, A.H.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.2 pp. 659-664
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
pistachios; sorting; classification; food quality; product defects; acoustic properties; sounds; computer analysis; algorithms
Abstract:
... An algorithm using speech recognition technology was developed to distinguish pistachio nuts with closed shells from those with open shells. It was observed that upon impact with a steel plate, nuts with closed shells emit different sounds than nuts with open shells. Features extracted from the sound signals consisted of mel-cepstrum coefficients and eigenvalues obtained from the principle compone ...
Handle:
10113/9694

62. Comparison of SDI, LEPA, and spray irrigation performance for grain sorghum

Author:
Colaizzi, P.D.; Schneider, A.D.; Evett, S.R.; Howell, T.A.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.5 pp. 1477-1492
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
water use efficiency; grain sorghum; subsurface irrigation; microirrigation; sprinkler irrigation; precision agriculture; grain yield; yield components; Sorghum bicolor; irrigated farming; irrigation requirement; Texas
Abstract:
... Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), low-energy precision application (LEPA), and spray irrigation can be very efficient by minimizing water losses, but relative performance may vary for different irrigation system capacities, soils, crops, and climates. A three-year study was conducted at Bushland, Texas, in the Southern High Plains to compare SDI, LEPA, and spray irrigation for grain sorghum on a s ...
Handle:
10113/2186

63. Comparison of odorous volatile compounds from fourteen different commercial composts using solid-phase microextraction

Author:
Kim, H.; McConnell, L.L.; Millner, P.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 315-320
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
microextraction; coliform bacteria; organic sulfur compounds; indicator species; carbon disulfide; Enterococcus; biosolids composts; food residuals composts; volatile organic compounds; butyric acid; propionic acid; yard waste composts; trimethylamine; odors; composted manure; solid phase extraction; compost quality; Escherichia coli
Abstract:
... In this study, odorous volatile compounds (OVCs) from market-ready, commercial composts supplied by 14 different producers were compared using a recently developed method involving solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of headspace volatiles followed by GC analysis. The products analyzed were derived from a cross-section of the wide array of compost feedstock ingredients used in the U.S. (e.g., bioso ...
Handle:
10113/5481

64. Comparison of the Weibull model wtih measured wind speed distributions for stochastic wind generation

Author:
van Donk, S.J.; Wagner, L.E.; Skidmore, E.L.; Tatarko, J.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 503-510
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
simulation models; computer analysis; soil erosion models; wind speed; wind erosion; stochastic processes; Weibull statistics
Abstract:
... Wind is the principal driver of the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS), which is a process-based computer model for the simulation of wind-blown sediment loss from a field. WEPS generates wind using a stochastic wind generator. The objectives of this study were to improve the stochastic generation of wind speed and direction and to update the wind statistics used by the generator with statistic ...
Handle:
10113/5488

65. Comparison of time-based sampling strategies to determine nitrogen loading in plot-scale runoff

Author:
King, K.W.; Harmel, R.D.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.5 pp. 1457-1463
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Cynodon dactylon; runoff; ammonium nitrogen; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; water quality; monitoring; temporal variation; nonpoint source pollution; pollution load; sward; laboratory techniques
Abstract:
... Water quality loadings are generally calculated without knowledge of the relationship of the calculated loads to the total loads. A laboratory runoff study was designed and conducted to compare total loads with loads calculated from time-based sampling strategies. Total loads were measured by capturing all the runoff from 2.2 m2 Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers.) sod plots with 5% slope and ...
Handle:
10113/9716

66. Converting gin and dairy wastes to methane

Author:
Funk, P.A.; Armijo, C.B.; Hanson, A.T.; Samani, Z.A.; Macias-Corral, M.A.; Smith, G.B.; Riordan, J.T.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 1197-1201
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
cattle manure; dairy cattle; cotton gin trash; waste treatment; anaerobic digestion; methane production; temperature; chemical oxygen demand
Abstract:
... Alternatives to gin trash and manure disposal would benefit both the cotton ginning and dairy industries. Anaerobic digestion produces both methane gas and a class A soil amendment. Gin and dairy wastes were combined in the solid phase portion of a two-phase anaerobic system to determine the combinations of temperature, rewetting interval, and mixture ratio that maximize potential methane gas prod ...
Handle:
10113/5514

67. Correcting PM10 over-sampling problems for agricultural particulate matter emissions: preliminary study

Author:
Wang, L.; Parnell, C.B.; Shaw, B.W.; Lacey, R.E.; Buser, M.D.; Goodrich, L.B.; Capareda, S.C.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 749-755
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
particulate emissions; air pollution; agriculture; sampling; particle size distribution; pollutants; equipment performance
Abstract:
... The Federal Reference Method (FRM) ambient PM10 sampler does not always measure the true PM10 concentration. There are inherent sampling errors associated with the PM10 samplers due to the interaction of particle size distribution (PSD) and sampler performance characteristics. These sampling errors, which are the relative differences between theoretical estimation of the sampler concentration and ...
Handle:
10113/5499

68. Detection and quantification of nursery spray penetration and off-target loss with electron beam and conductivity analysis

Author:
Krause, C.R.; Zhu, H.; Fox, R.D.; Brazee, R.D.; Derksen, R.C.; Horst, L.E.; Zondag, R.H.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.2 pp. 375-384
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
foliar spraying; Tsuga canadensis; spray drift; calcium nitrate; copper hydroxide; pesticide application; forest nurseries; tree crown; fertilizer application; Gleditsia triacanthos; spray deposition; analytical methods
Abstract:
... Spray penetration and off-target loss from a conventional, air-assist, axial-fan sprayer and a high-clearance, boom-type sprayer were investigated in Honey Locust (Gleditsia triacanthos) and Canadian Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) trees located in two different production nurseries. Aqueous tracer solutions of either Ca(NO3)2 foliar fertilizer or Cu(OH)2 fungicide were used in the experiments. Spray d ...
Handle:
10113/9684

69. Detection of fecal contamination in apple calyx by multispectral laser-induced fluorescence

Author:
Lefcourt, A.M.; Kim, M.S.; Chen, Y.R.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.4 pp. 1587-1593
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
feces; apples; calyx; cattle; lasers; fluorescence; multispectral imagery; food contamination
Abstract:
... Feces is a suspected source of contamination of apples by disease-causing organisms such as E. coli O157:H7. Laser-induced fluorescence imaging was used to detect applications of 20 microliter of 1:20 or 1:200 dilutions of dairy cow feces to the calyx of Red Delicious apples. Detection of the 1:20 dilution was 100% even after washing the apples. Detection of the 1:200 dilution was more difficult, ...
Handle:
10113/5520

70. Development and application of SWAT to landscapes with tiles and potholes

Author:
Du, B.; Arnold, J.G.; Saleh, A.; Jaynes, D.B.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 1121-1133
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
simulation models; equations; algorithms; watershed hydrology; tile drainage; Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; subsurface flow; water table; Iowa
Abstract:
... SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) is a watershed model that has been incorporated into USEPA's modeling framework called BASINS used for total maximum daily load (TMDL) analysis. It is thus important that SWAT realistically simulate tile flow and pothole landscapes that are common in much of the Corn Belt and Great Lakes states. In this study, SWAT was modified to simulate water table dynamics ...
Handle:
10113/43595

71. Development and testing of watershed-scale models for poorly drained soils

Author:
Fernandez, G.P.; Chescheir, G.M.; Skaggs, R.W.; Amatya, D.M.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 639-652
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
water pollution; simulation models; water quality; forested watersheds; nitrate nitrogen; streams; coastal plain soils; poorly drained soils; pollution load; subsurface drainage; hydrologic models; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Two watershed-scale hydrology and water quality models were used to evaluate the cumulative impacts of land use and management practices on downstream hydrology and nitrogen loading of poorly drained watersheds. Field-scale hydrology and nutrient dynamics are predicted by DRAINMOD in both models. In the first model (DRAINMOD-DUFLOW), field-scale predictions are coupled to the canal/stream routing ...
Handle:
10113/37520

72. Dielectric properties of in-shell and shelled peanuts at microwave frequencies

Author:
Boldor, D.; Sanders, T.H.; Simunovic, J.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.4 pp. 1159-1169
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
water content; peanuts; shelling; dielectric properties; microwave radiation; temperature; equations; bulk density; regression analysis; food analysis
Abstract:
... Dielectric properties (epsilon',epsilon" ) of ground samples of in-shell and shelled peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) were measured for several densities, temperatures, and moisture contents in the range of 300 to 3000 MHz. Dielectric mixture equations were used to correlate the dielectric properties with density. The coefficients of quadratic and linear dielectric mixture equations are tabulated for ...
Handle:
10113/9708

73. Economic analysis of subsurface drip irrigation lateral spacing and installation depth for cotton

Author:
Enciso, J.M.; Colaizzi, P.D.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 197-204
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
seeds; lint cotton; Gossypium hirsutum; costs and returns; subsurface irrigation; spatial distribution; microirrigation; crop yield; cost benefit analysis; furrows; irrigated farming
Abstract:
... Cotton lint yield, seed mass, fiber quality parameters, gross return, and net return were compared for subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) lateral spacing and installation depth in a clay loam soil in western Texas for three seasons. Drip laterals were spaced either in alternate furrows (2 m) or beneath every planted bed (1 m), and installation depths were either 0.2 or 0.3 m beneath the soil surface ...
Handle:
10113/2190

74. Effect of implement on soil CO2 efflux: fall vs. spring tillage

Author:
Prior, S.A.; Raper, R.L.; Runion, G.B.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.2 pp. 367-373
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
carbon dioxide; agricultural soils; sandy soils; discing; soil temperature; autumn; soil water content; chiseling; air temperature; loamy sand soils; spring; soil microorganisms; seasonal variation; biological activity in soil; soil respiration; carbon sequestration; Alabama
Abstract:
... Assessing strategies to help mitigate the rise in atmospheric CO2 includes evaluation of management decisions concerning tillage practices that influence soil carbon loss. Information is lacking on seasonal CO2 efflux patterns, as affected by degree of soil disturbance/residue mixing and time of tillage operations. An experiment was conducted following a grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor] (L.) Moench ...
Handle:
10113/9683

75. Effectiveness of a high-pressure water-fogging system in controlling dust emissions at grain receiving

Author:
Brabec, D.L.; Maghirang, R.G.; Casada, M.E.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.2 pp. 505-511
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
dust control; corn; wheat; grain elevators; water; grain dust; agricultural health and safety; spraying
Abstract:
... Grain dust at the receiving area is a fire hazard, a health concern, and a sanitation problem and should be controlled. The effectiveness of a high-pressure water-fogging system in controlling grain dust emissions was evaluated with corn and wheat while spouting 2.1 m3 (60 bu) of grain into a test chamber. Dust/fog emissions and deposits along with entrained airflows were measured for four fog tre ...
Handle:
10113/9689

76. Effects of corn silage inoculants on aerobic stability

Author:
Muck, R.E.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.4 pp. 1011-1016
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
aerobic conditions; silage additives; lactic acid bacteria; corn silage; silage fermentation; Lactobacillus buchneri
Abstract:
... Aerobic stability of corn silage can be a major problem for farmers, particularly in warm weather. Silage inoculants, while the most common type of silage additive, have not been consistently effective at improving aerobic stability. This study investigated the efficacy of new inoculant products on corn silage in mini-silos over three trials (one per year). Two new approaches were tested: an enhan ...
Handle:
10113/9704

77. Electronic nose chemical sensor feasibility study for the differentiation of apple cultivars

Author:
Marrazzo, W.N.; Heinemann, P.H.; Crassweller, R.E.; Leblanc, E.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 1995-2002
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
cultivars; apples; fruit extracts; volatile organic compounds; apple juice; mass spectrometry; electronic nose; Malus domestica; cultivar identification; odors
Abstract:
... The ability to analytically differentiate and match intact apple (Malus domestica, Borkh) fruit and fruit juice extracts from different apple cultivars is of interest to the food industry. This study tested the feasibility of detecting the difference among volatile gases evolved from intact 'McIntosh (Buhr),' 'Delicious,' and 'Gala' apples and their extracted juice using a prototype 32-array polym ...
Handle:
10113/5532

78. Electronic nose chemical sensor versus gas chromatography: a feasibility study for the differentiation of apple flavors and essences

Author:
Marrazzo, W.N.; Heinemann, P.H.; Saftner, R.A.; Crassweller, R.E.; Leblanc, E.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.5 pp. 2003-2006
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
apples; gas chromatography; food analysis; headspace analysis; volatile organic compounds; fruit quality; electronic nose; fruit composition; flavor compounds; odors
Abstract:
... The ability of chemical sensors to differentiate and match samples of apple flavors and essences is of interest to the flavor and food industries. This study evaluated the feasibility of using a prototype chemical sensor for the differentiation of apple flavors and essences. Volatile headspace gases from 20 flavors and four essences were measured with a gas chromatograph and the prototype chemical ...
Handle:
10113/5533

79. Emission factors for first- and second-pick Pima cotton

Author:
Hughs, S.E.; Buser, M.D.; Isom, R.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.1 pp. 29-35
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
harvest date; lint cotton; cotton ginning; particle size; particulate emissions; agricultural health and safety
Abstract:
... EPA's Region 9, which includes the major Pima production areas of California and Arizona, raised the concern of possible emission factor differences between first- and second-pick Pima cotton. Anecdotal evidence indicated that some complaints of excessive particulate emissions from Pima gins have arisen from the processing of second-pick cotton. A large amount of emission factor information has be ...
Handle:
10113/8260

80. Erosion processes in gullies modified by establishing grass hedges

Author:
Dabney, S.M.; Shields, F.D. Jr.; Temple, D.M.; Langendoen, E.J.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.5 pp. 1561-1571
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
gully erosion; erosion control; Panicum virgatum; planting; soil stabilization; Mississippi; Oklahoma
Abstract:
... Concentrated flow can cause gully formation on sloping lands and in riparian zones of floodplains adjacent to incising stream channels. Current practice for riparian gully control involves blocking the gully with an earthen embankment and installing a pipe outlet. Measures involving native vegetation would be more attractive for habitat recovery and economic reasons. To test the hypothesis that sw ...
Handle:
10113/9720

81. Estimation of long-term soil moisture using a distributed parameter hydrologic model and verification using remotely sensed data

Author:
Narasimhan, B.; Srinivasan, R.; Arnold, J.G.; Di Luzio, M.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 1101-1113
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; soil water content; soil water; temporal variation; spatial variation; stream flow; watershed hydrology; watersheds; evapotranspiration; remote sensing; Texas
Abstract:
... Soil moisture is an important hydrologic variable that controls various land surface processes. In spite of its importance to agriculture and drought monitoring, soil moisture information is not widely available on a regional scale. However, long-term soil moisture information is essential for agricultural drought monitoring and crop yield prediction. The hydrologic model Soil and Water Assessment ...
Handle:
10113/5510

82. Evaluation of the SWAT model on a coastal plain agricultural watershed

Author:
Bosch, D.D.; Sheridan, J.M.; Batten, H.L.; Arnold, J.G.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.5 pp. 1493-1506
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; agricultural watersheds; coastal plains; stream flow; watershed hydrology; Georgia
Abstract:
... The Better Assessment Science Integrating point and Nonpoint Sources (BASINS) system was developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to facilitate developing total maximum daily loads (TMDLs). The Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is one of the watershed-scale simulation models within BASINS. Because of the critical nature of the TMDL process, it is imperative that BASINS and SWAT be ade ...
Handle:
10113/9717

83. Evaluation of the SWAT model's sediment and nutrient components in the Piedmont physiographic region of Maryland

Author:
Chu, T.W.; Shirmohammadi, A.; Montas, H.; Sadeghi, A.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.5 pp. 1523-1538
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Soil and Water Assessment Tool model; water quality; agricultural watersheds; nonpoint source pollution; sediment yield; water erosion; nutrients; runoff; piedmont; piedmont soils; watershed hydrology; stream flow; phosphorus; nitrate nitrogen; Maryland
Abstract:
... Mathematical watershed-scale models are among the best tools available for analyzing water resources (quantity and quality) issues in spatially diverse watersheds since continuous water quality monitoring is expensive and spatially impractical in mixed land use watersheds. However, models without appropriate validation may lead to misconceptions and erroneous predictions. This study used six years ...
Handle:
10113/9719

84. Fecal coliform transport as affected by surface condition

Author:
Roodsari, R.M.; Shelton, D.R.; Shirmohammadi, A.; Pachepsky, Y.A.; Sadeghi, A.M.; Starr, J.L.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 1055-1061
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
overland flow; coliform bacteria; pollution control; agricultural runoff; cattle manure; infiltration (hydrology); lysimeters; nonpoint source pollution; filter strips; manure spreading; sandy loam soils
Abstract:
... Land application of manure is recommended to recycle organic matter and nutrients, thus enhancing the soil quality and crop productivity. However, pathogens in manure may pose a human health risk if they reach potable or recreational water resources. The objective of this study was to observe and quantify the effects of vegetated filter strips (VFS) on surface and vertical transport of fecal colif ...
Handle:
10113/5508

85. Flow pathways and sediment trapping in a field-scale vegetative filter

Author:
Helmers, M.J.; Eisenhauer, D.E.; Dosskey, M.G.; Franti, T.G.; Brothers, J.M.; McCullough, M.C.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 955-968
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
overland flow; sediment yield; sheet erosion; agricultural runoff; erosion control; filter strips; Nebraska
Abstract:
... Vegetative filters (VF) are a best management practice installed in many areas to control sediment movement to water bodies. It is commonly assumed that runoff proceeds perpendicularly across a VF as sheet flow. However, there is little research information on natural pathways of water movement and performance of field-scale VF. The objectives of this study were: (1) to quantify the performance of ...
Handle:
10113/5504

86. Image-processing solution to cotton color measurement problems. II. Instrument test and evaluation

Author:
Thomasson, J.A.; Shearer, S.A.; Boykin, D.L.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 439-454
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
image analysis; meters (equipment); lint cotton; cotton gin trash; color; measurement; fiber quality; seed cotton
Abstract:
... An experimental cotton color/trash meter was developed previously for the purpose of improving cotton color measurement by removing trash-particle effects on color measurement with image processing. In this work, the experimental meter was tested extensively on a large number of cotton samples varying widely in color and trash content. Testing involved: (1) comparing the measurement accuracy of th ...
Handle:
10113/5486

87. Improving peanut yield and grade with surface drip irrigation in undulating fields

Author:
Zhu, H.; Lamb, M.C.; Butts, C.L.; Blankenship, P.D.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.1 pp. 99-106
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; peanuts; irrigated farming; crop yield; crop quality; food grades; surface irrigation; microirrigation; sandy loam soils; fields; topography; water use efficiency; irrigation requirement; soil temperature; soil water content; irrigation rates; profits and margins; Georgia
Abstract:
... A surface drip irrigation system was developed to irrigate peanut in two experimental fields: one with very little topographic variation on Greenville fine sandy loam soil, and one with undulating terrain containing 2.4% slope on Faceville fine sandy loam soil. Pod yield, kernel size distribution, and total sound mature kernels (TSMK) were evaluated with two peanut varieties, two planting patterns ...
Handle:
10113/9698

88. Influence of meteorological time frame and variation on horizontal dispersion coefficients in Gaussian dispersion modeling

Author:
Fritz, B.K.; Shaw, B.W.; Parnell, C.B. Jr.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 1185-1196
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
air pollution; pollutants; spatial distribution; mathematical models; wind speed
Abstract:
... The air pollution regulatory process involves the permitting of sources of regulated pollutants. This process requires sources to demonstrate that the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) are not exceeded as a result of released pollutants. A determination of a facility's compliance with the NAAQS is more frequently being based on dispersion modeling estimates rather than ambient air sam ...
Handle:
10113/5513

89. Limits of volatile chemical detection of a parasitoid wasp, Microplitis croceipes, and an electronic nose: a comparative study

Author:
Rains, G.C.; Tomberlin, J.K.; D'Alessandro, M.; Lewis, W.J.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.6 pp. 2145-2152
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
parasitoids; antennating; Microplitis croceipes; volatile organic compounds; cadaverine; bioassays; smell; putrescine; searching behavior; electronic nose; myrcene
Abstract:
... Volatile chemical signals are used by many animals to find food, mates, or hosts. While the keen sense of smell of dogs has been used for centuries, other animals have not been significantly utilized. Recent studies have indicated that many insect species have the ability to learn volatile chemical compounds in association with food or other resources. These insects present a novel approach to vol ...
Handle:
10113/9734

90. Measurement of particulate matter emissions from corn receiving operations with simulated hopper-bottom trucks

Author:
Billate, R.D.; Maghirang, R.G.; Casada, M.E.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.2 pp. 521-529
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
grain elevators; agricultural health and safety; corn; dust emissions; dust control; air flow; trucks; unloaders; particulate emissions; diameter
Abstract:
... Dust emissions from grain elevator operations can be a safety and health risk as well as a nuisance. Fundamental data on air entrainment and dust emission are needed for designing adequate and effective dust emission control methods. This study measured the amount of entrained air and emitted dust during corn receiving operations at an elevator operated by the USDA-ARS Grain Marketing and Producti ...
Handle:
10113/9691

91. Modeling the inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on inoculated alfalfa seeds during exposure to ozonated or electrolyzed oxidizing water

Author:
Sharma, R.R.; Demirci, A.; Puri, V.M.; Beuchat, L.R.; Fett, W.F.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.1 pp. 173-181
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
sprouts (food); mathematical models; bacterial contamination; electrical treatment; decontamination; seeds; food contamination; inactivation; ozone; alfalfa; food processing; food pathogens; water; Escherichia coli O157
Abstract:
... Alfalfa sprouts contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella have been implicated in a number of foodborne disease outbreaks in recent years. Seeds are attributed to be the main source of contamination for sprouts. Data from studies on the treatment of E. coli O157:H7 inoculated alfalfa seeds with ozonated and electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water were used to develop models for predictin ...
Handle:
10113/9701

92. Nondestructive moisture determination in small samples of peanuts by RF impedance measurement

Author:
Kandala, C.V.K.; Nelson, S.O.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 715-718
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
sampling; peanuts; food analysis; capacitance; water content; nondestructive methods
Abstract:
... By using the measured RF impedance values of a parallel-plate system, with a single peanut kernel between the plates in an empirical equation, it was found in previous work that the moisture content of the peanut kernel could be closely estimated. This method was successfully applied to predict the moisture content of small samples of peanut kernels (6 to 8 kernels) but with a slightly modified em ...
Handle:
10113/5498

93. Particle size distributions of ground corn and DDGS from dry grind processing

Author:
Rausch, K.D.; Belyea, R.L.; Ellersieck, M.R.; Singh, V.; Johnston, D.B.; Tumbleson, M.E.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.1 pp. 273-277
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
distillers grains; corn; particle size distribution; grinding; alcoholic fermentation; ethanol production
Abstract:
... Ethanol production has increased in the past decade as a result of growth in the dry grind industry. In the dry grind process, the first step is grinding of corn. The particle size of the resulting ground corn can affect the fermentation process and the particle size of dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS), a coproduct of dry grind processing. Few data are available that characterize part ...
Handle:
10113/5480

94. Phosphorus component in AnnAGNPS

Author:
Yuan, Y.; Bingner, R.L.; Theurer, F.D.; Rebich, R.A.; Moore, P.A.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.6 pp. 2145-2154
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
nonpoint source pollution; phosphorus; losses from soil; agricultural soils; simulation models; agricultural watersheds; AGNPS model; soil nutrients; Mississippi
Abstract:
... The USDA Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution model (AnnAGNPS) has been developed to aid in evaluation of watershed response to agricultural management practices. Previous studies have demonstrated the capability of the model to simulate runoff and sediment, but not phosphorus (P). The main purpose of this article is to evaluate the performance of AnnAGNPS on P simulation using compa ...
Handle:
10113/5540

95. Potential effects of climate change on rainfall erosivity in the Yellow River basin of China

Author:
Zhang, G.H.; Nearing, M.A.; Liu, B.Y.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.2 pp. 511-517
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
sediment yield; General Circulation Models; climate change; losses from soil; rain; water erosion; China
Abstract:
... Severe soil erosion in the Yellow River basin is a significant obstruction to the sustainable management of soil and water resources. Any changes in soil erosion will have great effects on long-term planning of soil and water conservation in such a severely eroded basin. Rainfall erosivity describes the soil loss potential caused by rain, which can be expected to change in correspondence to change ...
Handle:
10113/5489

96. Producing energy and soil amendment from dairy manure and cotton gin waste

Author:
Macias-Corral, M.A.; Samani, Z.A.; Hanson, A.T.; DelaVega, R.; Funk, P.A.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.4 pp. 1521-1526
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
cotton gin trash; cattle manure; dairy cattle; anaerobic digestion; animal manure management; methane production; biogas; soil amendments; methane; nitrogen content
Abstract:
... Millions of tonnes of feedlot manure and cotton gin waste are generated in the U.S. each year. Dairy and feedlot operations in New Mexico produce 1.2 million tonnes of manure annually. Traditionally, manure has been used as a soil amendment in agriculture. However, land application of manure is limited in New Mexico due to problems with salinity, potential groundwater contamination, and limited av ...
Handle:
10113/5518

97. Quantifying the sensitivity of the Riparian Ecosystem Management Model (REMM) to changes in climate and buffer characteristics common to conservation practices

Author:
Graff, C.D.; Sadeghi, A.M.; Lowrance, R.R.; Williams, R.G.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.4 pp. 1377-1387
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
riparian buffers; simulation models; plant growth; nitrogen; leaf area index; watersheds; losses from soil; nonpoint source pollution; watershed hydrology; nitrates; climate change; rooting; phosphorus; hydrologic models
Abstract:
... Conservation practices, such as buffers, are often installed to mitigate the effects of nutrients and sediment runoff from agricultural practices. The Riparian Ecosystem Management Model (REMM) was developed as process-based model to evaluate the fate of nutrients and sediment through a riparian buffer up to the edge of a stream. A one-at-a-time sensitivity analysis was performed on REMM to evalua ...
Handle:
10113/5515

98. Rotary atomizer drop size distribution database

Author:
Teske, M.E.; Thistle, H.W.; Hewitt, A.J.; Kirk, I.W.; Dexter, R.W.; Ghent, J.H.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 917-921
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
atomizers; atomization; spraying; droplet size; Bacillus thuringiensis; bacterial insecticides; pesticide application; regression analysis
Abstract:
... Wind tunnel measurements of drop size distributions from Micronair AU4000 and AU5000 rotary atomizers were collected to develop a database for model use. The measurements varied tank mix, flow rate, air speed, and blade angle conditions, which were correlated by multiple regressions (average R2 = 0.995 for AU4000 and 0.988 for AU5000). This database replaces an outdated set of rotary atomizer data ...
Handle:
10113/5503

99. Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses of crop yields and soil organic carbon simulated with EPIC

Author:
Wang, X.; He, X.; Williams, J.R.; Izaurralde, R.C.; Atwood, J.D.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2005 v.48 no.3 pp. 1041-1054
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
agricultural management models; Zea mays; corn; grain yield; soil organic matter; agricultural soils; prediction; estimation; continuous cropping; fertilizer application; nitrogen fertilizers; silt loam soils; Wisconsin
Abstract:
... Modeling biophysical processes is a complex endeavor because of large data requirements and uncertainty in model parameters. Model predictions should incorporate, when possible, analyses of their uncertainty and sensitivity. The study incorporated uncertainty analysis on EPIC (Environmental Policy Impact Calculator) predictions of corn (Zea mays L.) yield and soil organic carbon (SOC) using genera ...
Handle:
10113/5507

100. Sensor components for PCR detection of Salmonella in alfalfa sprout irrigation water

Author:
Jackson, E.; Delwiche, M.; Barak, J.; Charkowski, A.; Suslow, T.
Source:
Transactions of the ASAE 2004 v.47 no.6 pp. 2137-2144
ISSN:
0001-2351
Subject:
sprouts (food); bacterial contamination; biosensors; polymerase chain reaction; Medicago sativa; automation; food processing; water; food pathogens; Salmonella enterica
Abstract:
... Salmonella has been associated with a number of recent outbreaks of foodborne illness involving sprouted seeds. In this research, we addressed the design of sensor components intended for use in a fully automated detection system. A real-time PCR assay was developed to detect Salmonella in sprout irrigation water. Specific detection was achieved by targeting a region of the invasion gene, invA. Th ...
Handle:
10113/9733