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You searched for: Journal Weed science Remove constraint Journal: Weed science Publication Year 2002 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2002 Text availability Citation in PubAg Remove constraint Text availability: Citation in PubAg Text Availability Citation in PubAg Remove constraint Text Availability: Citation in PubAg
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1. 2,4-D and Sclerotinia minor to control common dandelion

Author:
Schnick Parry J.; Stewart-Wade Sally M.; Boland Greg J.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.2 pp. 173-178
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
2,4-D; Hordeum vulgare; Sclerotinia minor; Taraxacum officinale; barley; plant pathogens; weed control
Abstract:
... Integration of two or more methods in a weed control strategy may produce a positive interaction. In this study, sequential applications of sublethal rates of 2,4-D and the plant pathogen Sclerotinia minor were assessed for integrated control of common dandelion. S. minor was prepared as a granular treatment of fungal-colonized barley grits. Treatments of 2,4-D (25 or 50%% of the recommended field ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0173:DASMTC]2.0.CO;2

2. 50th Anniversary——Invited Article: Challenges and opportunities for integrated weed management

Author:
Buhler Douglas D.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 273-280
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
control methods; cropping systems; economic impact; herbicide-resistant weeds; herbicides; integrated weed management; scientists; systems engineering
Abstract:
... Despite several decades of modern weed control practices, weeds continue to be a constant threat to agricultural productivity. Herbicide-resistant weeds and weed population shifts continue to generate new challenges for agriculture. Because of weed community complexity, integrated approaches to weed management may help reduce economic effects and improve weed control practices. Integrated weed man ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0273:AIAAOF]2.0.CO;2

3. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of foliar-applied CGA 362622 in cotton, peanut, and selected weeds

Author:
Askew Shawn D.; Wilcut John W.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 293-298
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; Datura stramonium; Gossypium hirsutum; Senna obtusifolia; absorption; cotton; foliar application; half life; herbicides; leaves; meristems; metabolism; metabolites; peanuts; sodium; weeds
Abstract:
... Studies were conducted to evaluate absorption, translocation, and metabolism of ¹⁴C-CGA 362622 when foliar applied to cotton, peanut, jimsonweed, and sicklepod. Differential metabolism is the basis for tolerance in cotton and jimsonweed. In addition, cotton absorbs less herbicide compared with the other three species, thus aiding in tolerance. Only jimsonweed translocated appreciable herbicide (25 ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0293:ATAMOF]2.0.CO;2

4. Accuracy and cost effectiveness of GPS-assisted wild oat mapping in spring cereal crops

Author:
Van Wychen Lee R.; Luschei Edward C.; Bussan Alvin J.; Maxwell Bruce D.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.1 pp. 120-129
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Avena fatua; conservation buffers; cost effectiveness; georeferencing; grain crops; inflorescences; oats; pesticide application; seedlings; spring; weed control; weeds
Abstract:
... Managing weed infestations in a spatially precise manner requires accurate and cost-effective weed identification techniques. The goal of our research was to quantify the accuracy of continuous weed presence–absence maps and assess how management based on those maps may affect producer net returns. Each continuous sampled map covered the entire field and contained vector polygons labeled as either ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0120:AACEOG]2.0.CO;2

5. Alachlor and metolachlor transformation pattern in corn and soil

Author:
Al-Khatib Kassim; Baumgartner Unland Jolene; Olson Brian L. S.; Graham David W.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.5 pp. 581-586
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Zea mays; absorption; alachlor; corn; culture media; growth chambers; metabolism; metabolites; metolachlor; root growth; roots; seedling emergence; seedlings; shoots; soil; weed science
Abstract:
... Experiments were conducted in a growth chamber to study alachlor and metolachlor metabolism in soil and corn and to determine if alachlor and metolachlor and their metabolites are exuded from corn roots to the growth medium. Alachlor was more readily absorbed by corn than was metolachlor. The absorption of alachlor and metolachlor was 72 and 55%%, respectively, 10 d after seedling emergence (DAE). ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0581:AAMTPI]2.0.CO;2

6. Applications of hydrothermal time to quantifying and modeling seed germination and dormancy

Author:
Bradford Kent J.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.2 pp. 248-260
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
after-ripening; environmental factors; mathematical models; phenotype; prediction; seed dormancy; seed germination; seedling emergence; seeds; temperature; water potential; weed control; weeds
Abstract:
... Knowledge and prediction of seasonal weed seedling emergence patterns is useful in weed management programs. Seed dormancy is a major factor influencing the timing of seedling emergence, and once dormancy is broken, environmental conditions determine the rate of germination and seedling emergence. Seed dormancy is a population-based phenomenon, because individual seeds are independently sensing th ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0248:AOHTTQ]2.0.CO;2

7. Assembly theory applied to weed communities

Author:
Booth Barbara D.; Swanton Clarence J.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.1 pp. 2-13
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
agronomy; community structure; crop rotation; ecologists; filters; tillage; weeds
Abstract:
... Community assembly is a branch of ecology that looks at how communities are assembled as they follow trajectories through time. A trajectory is controlled by biotic and abiotic constraints (filters) that act at multiple scales. From a total species pool, environmental and dispersal constraints control which species enter an ecological species pool. Within this pool, internal dynamics determine whi ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0002:AIATAT]2.0.CO;2

8. Clomazone dissipation in four Tasmanian topsoils

Author:
Cumming John P.; Doyle Richard B.; Brown Philip H.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 405-409
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
clay; clomazone; crops; desorption; equations; field experimentation; half life; hysteresis; sand; silt; soil types; weed science
Abstract:
... Clomazone dissipation was examined in four soils in field experiments. Field half-lives were 6 to 59 d (average of four field sites was 35 d) for ferrosol (clay loam), kurosol (loamy sand), sodosol (silt loam), and vertosol (light clay). The Hoerl equation provided a better fit to the measured field concentration at all four sites than did a first-order equation. The order of clomazone dissipation ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0405:CDIFTT]2.0.CO;2

9. Common sunflower resistance to acetolactate synthase––inhibiting herbicides

Author:
White Anthony D.; Owen Micheal D. K.; Hartzler Robert G.; Cardina John
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.4 pp. 432-437
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; absorption; acetolactate synthase; application rate; biotypes; chlorimuron; cross resistance; dose response; enzyme activity; enzyme inhibition; imazethapyr; leaves; weed science; South Dakota
Abstract:
... In 1996 a common sunflower population near Howard, SD, was suspected to be cross-resistant to imazethapyr and chlorimuron. Whole-plant acetolactate synthase (ALS) assays confirmed ALS-inhibitor resistance in the Howard biotype. The I₅₀ values (inhibition of 50%% of the enzyme activity) indicated that the resistant population required 39 and 9 times more imazethapyr and chlorimuron, respectively, t ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0432:CSRTAS]2.0.CO;2

10. Comparison of fluometuron sorption to soil from a filter strip and cropped field

Author:
Rankins Alfred; Shaw David R.; Kingery William L.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.6 pp. 820-823
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Tripsacum dactyloides; adsorption; binding capacity; desorption; filter strips; fluometuron; organic soils; silty clay soils; soil properties; weed science
Abstract:
... A laboratory experiment was conducted to compare the adsorption and desorption of fluometuron between two soils, one collected from an eastern gamagrass filter strip and the other from a cropped field. Fluometuron adsorption to soil collected from the filter strip was higher than to soil collected from the cropped field. Kd values for fluometuron ranged from 1.9 to 3.6 for soil from a cropped area ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0820:COFSTS]2.0.CO;2

11. Competition between wild oat (Avena fatua) and yellow mustard (Sinapis alba) or canola (Brassica napus)

Author:
Daugovish Oleg; Thill Donald C.; Shafii Bahman
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.5 pp. 587-594
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Avena fatua; inflorescences; flowering; Brassica napus; intraspecific competition; greenhouses; risk; Sinapis alba; leaves; canola; interspecific competition; weeds; biomass production; alternative crops; canopy; cropland; oats; aboveground biomass; cropping systems; greenhouse experimentation; United States
Abstract:
... Wild oat, a troublesome weed in small grain cereals, infests about 11 million ha of cropland in the United States. Diversifying cereal production with alternative crops, such as yellow mustard and canola, provides flexible cropping systems, decreases production risks, and may allow more effective weed suppression. A greenhouse study was conducted to assess the competitive ability of yellow mustard ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0587:CBWOAF]2.0.CO;2

12. Cover crops and living mulches

Author:
Hartwig Nathan L.; Ammon Hans Ulrich
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.6 pp. 688-699
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Lotus corniculatus; Secale cereale; Securigera varia; Trifolium repens; Vicia villosa; Zea mays; corn; cover crops; crop production; double cropping; erosion control; evaporation; forage; grain crops; growing season; legumes; live mulches; nitrogen; nitrogen fixation; orchards; pest management; planting; relay cropping; runoff; rye; soil erosion; soil organic matter; soil productivity; soil structure; soil temperature; vineyards; weed control; weeds
Abstract:
... Cover crops and living mulches bring many benefits to crop production. Interest in winter annual cover crops such as winter rye and hairy vetch for ground cover and soil erosion control has been increasing in the last 30 yr in some areas. The integration of cover crops into a cropping system by relay cropping, overseeding, interseeding, and double cropping may serve to provide and conserve nitroge ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0688:AIACCA]2.0.CO;2

13. Critical period for weed control: the concept and data analysis

Author:
Knezevic Stevan Z.; Evans Sean P.; Blankenship Erin E.; Van Acker Rene C.; Lindquist John L.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.6 pp. 773-786
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Glycine max; Zea mays; corn; crops; glyphosate; herbicide resistance; soybeans; weed control; weeds
Abstract:
... The critical period for weed control (CPWC) is a period in the crop growth cycle during which weeds must be controlled to prevent yield losses. Knowing the CPWC is useful in making decisions on the need for and timing of weed control and in achieving efficient herbicide use from both biological and economic perspectives. An increase in the use of herbicide-tolerant crops, especially soybean resist ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0773:CPFWCT]2.0.CO;2

14. Critical periods of weed control in soybean for full field and in-furrow interference

Author:
Eyherabide Juan J.; Cendoya Maríía G.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.2 pp. 162-166
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Glycine max; annual weeds; broadleaf weeds; crop-weed competition; developmental stages; furrows; grasses; soybeans; weed control; Argentina
Abstract:
... Soybean and annual weed competition studies were conducted over 2 yr in Balcarce, Argentina, to define the critical period of weed control and to compare yield losses in soybean, when weeds competed in the total cropping area (row plus furrow) or only in the furrow. In the first year, broad-leaf weeds were more abundant than annual grasses, but in the second year, grasses were more abundant. Criti ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0162:CPOWCI]2.0.CO;2

15. Crop rotation and tillage system effects on weed seedbanks

Author:
Cardina John; Herms Catherine P.; Doohan Douglas J.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.4 pp. 448-460
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
no-tillage; Oxalis; Persicaria pensylvanica; Veronica; Capsella bursa-pastoris; hay; Euphorbia maculata; Setaria faberi; Zea mays; Glycine max; seeds; Chenopodium album; corn; species diversity; weeds; crop rotation; plant communities; oats; herbicides; soybeans; growing season; plows; Avena sativa; Amaranthus retroflexus; crops; Ohio; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... We characterized the size and species composition of the weed seedbank after 35 yr of continuous crop rotation and tillage system treatments at two locations in Ohio. Spring seedbanks were monitored during 1997, 1998, and 1999 in continuous corn (CCC), corn––soybean (CS), and corn––oats––hay (COH) rotations in moldboard plow (MP), chisel plow (CP), and no-tillage (NT) plots where the same herbicid ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0448:CRATSE]2.0.CO;2

16. Differential responses to red clover residue and ammonium nitrate by common bean and wild mustard

Author:
Liebman Matt; Gallandt Eric R.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.4 pp. 521-529
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Phaseolus vulgaris; Sinapis arvensis subsp. arvensis; Trifolium pratense; Triticum aestivum; ammonium nitrate; beans; biomass production; field experimentation; green manures; leaf area; mustard seed; nitrate fertilizers; nitrogen content; phytotoxicity; seed yield; spring wheat; weeds
Abstract:
... Legume green manures have been used for millennia as sources of N for succeeding crops, but they are also sources of phytotoxic compounds that may selectively influence the performance of crop and weed species. To determine whether substitution of legume green manure for synthetic N fertilizer could enhance crop yield while suppressing weed growth, we conducted a field experiment in which common b ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0521:DRTRCR]2.0.CO;2

17. Dinitroaniline resistant annual bluegrass in North Carolina

Author:
Isgrigg III John; Yelverton Fred H.; Brownie Cavell; Warren Leon S.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.1 pp. 86-90
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Poa annua; at-risk population; biotypes; golf courses; growth chambers; oxadiazon; prodiamine; pronamide; resistance management; root growth; shoots; turf management; weed science; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Annual bluegrass control was reduced following 7 yr of continuous fall application of dinitroaniline (DNA) herbicides. Annual bluegrass control was < 40% on two fairways in year eight following prodiamine applied at 1.1 kg ai ha⁻¹. In dose–response studies conducted in growth chambers, this annual bluegrass population exhibited 105-fold resistance in shoot growth to prodiamine compared with a know ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0086:DRABIN]2.0.CO;2

18. Dry bean competitiveness with annual weeds as affected by soil nutrient availability

Author:
Ugen Michael A.; Wien Hans C.; Wortmann Charles S.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.4 pp. 530-535
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Bidens pilosa; Galinsoga; Phaseolus vulgaris; Solanum nigrum; annual weeds; crop yield; dry beans; nutrient availability; nutrient uptake; nutrients; pure stands; soil; soil nutrients; Uganda
Abstract:
... Productivity of dry bean is constrained by the competition with weeds for scarce nutrients and water in eastern Africa. Trials were conducted at Cornell University in 1996 and in central Uganda during the two seasons of 1997 to test the hypothesis that bean crop nutrition can be improved while increasing the relative competitiveness of bean with annual weed species. Soil levels of available N, P, ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0530:DBCWAW]2.0.CO;2

19. Economic assessment of diclosulam and flumioxazin in strip- and conventional-tillage peanut

Author:
Clewis Scott B.; Askew Shawn D.; Wilcut John W.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.3 pp. 378-385
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Arachis hypogaea; Chenopodium album; Cyperus esculentus; Eclipta prostrata; Ipomoea; Sida spinosa; acifluorfen; bentazon; clethodim; conventional tillage; crop yield; cultivars; diclosulam; dimethenamid; economic analysis; flumioxazin; grasses; management systems; peanuts; weed control; weeds; North Carolina
Abstract:
... Experiments were conducted in Lewiston, NC, in 1999 and 2000 and Rocky Mount, NC, in 1999 to evaluate weed management systems in strip- and conventional-tillage peanut. The peanut cultivars grown were ‘‘NC 10C’’, ‘‘NC 12C’’, and ‘‘NC 7’’, respectively. Weed management systems consisted of different combinations of preemergence (PRE) herbicides including diclosulam and flumioxazin plus commercial p ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0378:EAODAF]2.0.CO;2

20. Economic assessment of weed management for transgenic and nontransgenic cotton in tilled and nontilled systems

Author:
Askew Shawn D.; Bailey William A.; Scott George H.; Wilcut John W.
Source:
Weed science 2002 v.50 no.4 pp. 512-520
ISSN:
0043-1745
Subject:
Abutilon theophrasti; Amaranthus hybridus; Chenopodium album; Datura stramonium; Digitaria sanguinalis; Eleusine indica; Gossypium hirsutum; Ipomoea hederacea; Ipomoea lacunosa; Ipomoea purpurea; MSMA (herbicide); Senna obtusifolia; Sida spinosa; bromoxynil; costs and returns; cotton; crop yield; cyanazine; fluometuron; genetically modified organisms; glyphosate; growth retardation; herbicide resistance; pendimethalin; pyrithiobac; tillage; weed control
Abstract:
... Studies were conducted to evaluate weed management programs in nontransgenic, bromoxynil-resistant, and glyphosate-resistant cotton in nontilled and tilled environments. Tillage did not affect weed control provided by herbicides. Early-season stunting in nontilled cotton was 3%% regardless of the herbicide system and was no longer evident at midseason. Cotton yield was 10 to 15%% greater, on an av ...
DOI:
10.1614/0043-1745(2002)050[0512:EAOWMF]2.0.CO;2