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1. Screening for pre- and post-anthesis drought responses in selected bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes

Author:
Mdluli, Sibusiswangaye Yolanda; Shimelis, Hussein; Mashilo, Jacob
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2020 v.70 no.4 pp. 272-284
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; analysis of variance; canopy; drought; drought tolerance; genotype; grain yield; greenhouses; heading; plant breeding; plant height; screening; spikelets; temperature; water stress; wheat; yield components
Abstract:
... Wheat genotypes with pre- and post-anthesis drought tolerance offer enhanced yield gains under water-limited environments. This study determined pre- and post-anthesis drought responses of selected bread wheat genotypes in order to identify and select candidate genotypes for breeding. Fifteen genetically differentiated wheat genotypes were evaluated under non-stressed (NS), pre-anthesis drought st ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2020.1725105

2. Assessment of terminal drought tolerance among elite wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes using selected agronomic and physiological traits

Author:
Thungo, Zamalotshwa; Shimelis, Hussein; Odindo, Alfred O.; Mashilo, Jacob
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2020 v.70 no.3 pp. 177-194
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; breeding; canopy; chlorophyll; drought; drought tolerance; genotype; genotype-environment interaction; grain yield; greenhouses; heading; leaves; parents; physiological response; seeds; selection response; stomatal conductance; temperature; tillers; wheat
Abstract:
... The selection response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under water-limited condition can be enhanced through breeding novel genotypes possessing drought-adaptive and yield-related agronomic and physiological traits. The objective of this study was to evaluate terminal drought tolerance among bread wheat genotypes and select superior parents for breeding. Agronomic and physiological responses of 28 ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2019.1691644

3. Assessment of the impact of climate change on the latency period of leaf rust on triticale in Poland

Author:
Wójtowicz, Andrzej; Wójtowicz, Marek; Sigvald, Roland; Czernecki, Bartosz; Ratajkiewicz, Henryk; Łacka, Agnieszka; Zacharczuk, Maciej; Pasternak, Maria
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2020 v.70 no.3 pp. 195-207
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
climate change; climate models; disease outbreaks; disease severity; leaf rust; meteorological data; prediction; probability; temperature; triticale; Poland
Abstract:
... Disease development in plants is strongly dependent on weather conditions, with temperature playing a particularly significant role by influencing latency period duration. Using two models describing the relationship between latency period and temperature, we performed simulations aimed at predicting changes in the latency period of leaf rust (Puccina recondita f. sp. tritici) on triticale in resp ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2019.1696394

4. Molecular confirmation of candidate Hsp70 gene associated with heat tolerance in BC₃F₂ advanced backcross lines and their phenotypic resemblance with recurrent chilli Kulai

Author:
Usman, Magaji G.; Rafii, Mohd Y.; Yusuff, Oladosu; Martini, Mohammad Y.; Ismail, Mohd R.; Ridzuan, Raihana
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2020 v.70 no.3 pp. 252-264
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
agronomic traits; backcrossing; flowering; fruit yield; fruits; genes; genotype; heat tolerance; microsatellite repeats; parents; phenotype; plant height; temperature; Malaysia
Abstract:
... Domestic production of chilli in Malaysia is insufficient which accounted for 52% self-sufficiency level. Poor performance of local varieties under high temperatures above 42°C is one of the major factors affecting chilli production. This study was conducted with the objective of introgress heat-tolerant gene (Hsps) from AVPP0702 donor into Kulai using marker-assisted backcrossing. A total of 68 S ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2019.1692899

5. Growth and nitrogen recovery efficiency of potato (Solanum tuberosum) fertilised with shrimp shell pellets

Author:
Johansen, Tor J.; Samuelsen, Tor A.; Øvsthus, Ingunn
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2019 v.69 no.7 pp. 559-566
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Solanum tuberosum; climate; crop yield; denitrification; greenhouse gas emissions; humidity; microbial activity; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; nitrous oxide; pellets; potatoes; shrimp shells; temperature
Abstract:
... In organic plant production, nitrogen (N) availability is often a growth-limiting factor. Under such conditions, off-farm waste-derived nutrient resources may be an alternative to meet the N demand. In this study, we described a production method for a shrimp shell (SS) pellet product and evaluated the N fertiliser effect and N recovery efficiency (NRE) in a controlled climate pot experiment with ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2019.1617344

6. Heat stress and plant development: role of sulphur metabolites and management strategies

Author:
Ihsan, Muhammad Zahid; Daur, Ihsanullah; Alghabari, Fahad; Alzamanan, Saleh; Rizwan, Shahid; Ahmad, Maqshoof; Waqas, Muhammad; Shafqat, Waqas
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2019 v.69 no.4 pp. 332-342
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
climate; denaturation; developmental stages; food supply chain; germplasm screening; heat shock proteins; heat stress; heat tolerance; metabolites; nutrients; photosynthesis; plant development; plant growth; pollen; reproduction; stress tolerance; sulfur; temperature; water stress
Abstract:
... Temperature plays a crucial role in plants development whereas a sudden rise may cause severe consequences. Heat stress impairs plant growth, photosynthesis, pollen development and reproduction. The plant photosynthetic efficiency is mainly reduced by the over production of reactive oxygen species, denaturation of heat shock proteins and alteration in many enzymes activities. Unlike drought stress ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2019.1569715

7. Elemental composition and phosphorus availability in hydrochars from seaweed and organic waste digestate Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Løes, Anne-Kristin; Sandquist, Judit; Meyer, Gregor
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2018 v.68 no.1 pp. 57-66
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
arsenic; carbon; carbon sequestration; elemental composition; environmental impact; eutrophication; hydrochars; liquefaction; macroalgae; nutrients; organic matter; organic wastes; phosphorus; silicon; soil; solubility; surface water; temperature; toxic substances
Abstract:
... By hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of organic matter, hydrochars are produced which may be applied to soil for carbon sequestration. From substrates of wild seaweed and organic waste digestate, we measured the distribution of solids (hydrochars) and liquids after HTL at 150 and 200°C, 50 bar for 1 h. The output of liquids and solids was recorded. Elemental analysis was conducted for essential plan ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2017.1363909

8. Chloride and carbonate salinity tolerance in Mimusops zeyheri seedlings during summer and winter shoot flushes Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Mashela, P.W.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2017 v.67 no.8 pp. 737-742
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Mimusops; ascorbic acid; calcium chloride; climate change; drought; electrical conductivity; floods; fruit trees; leaves; plant growth; potassium chloride; prediction; roots; salinity; salt tolerance; seedlings; shoots; sodium carbonate; sodium chloride; soil pH; summer; temperature; tissues; winter; zinc; Southern Africa
Abstract:
... Shoot flushes alternate with root flushes and the evergreen red milkwood (Mimusops zeyheri Sond.) fruit tree has winter (May–July) and summer (October-December) shoot flushes in southern hemisphere. Fruit of this plant contain high vitamin C and the tree is being researched and bred for arid inland southern Africa regions. Climate change predictions suggested that by 2030 the regions would experie ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2017.1343378

9. Simulation of rill erosion in black soil and albic soil during the snowmelt period Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Fan, Haoming; Liu, Yujia; Xu, Xiuquan; Wu, Min; Zhou, Lili
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2017 v.67 no.6 pp. 510-517
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
agricultural land; freeze-thaw cycles; laboratory experimentation; rill erosion; snowmelt; soil; soil quality; temperature; water content; China
Abstract:
... Snowmelt-induced rill erosion could bring serious harm for soil quality and agricultural productive conditions of slope farmland in the black soil zone of Northeast China. In this study, we conducted laboratory experiments to investigate the effects of the freeze-thaw (FT) temperature, number of FT cycles, water content, flow rate, and thaw depth on rill morphology and erosion amount in two common ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2017.1304568

10. Variation in soil organic carbon stock in different land uses and altitudes in Bagrot Valley, Northern Karakoram Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Ali, Shamsher; Begum, Farida; Hayat, Rifat; Bohannan, Brendan J. M.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2017 v.67 no.6 pp. 551-561
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
altitude; arable soils; carbon sinks; climate change; forests; land use; mountains; pH; pastures; soil density; soil depth; soil organic carbon; soil sampling; temperature; Pakistan
Abstract:
... Soil organic carbon tends to respond more sensitively to climate change and land use intensification in ecologically fragile and economically marginal regions of mountainous areas. This study aims to evaluate the soil organic carbon stock dynamic across various land uses at different altitudes in the Bagrot valley, Northern Karakoram, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. Soil samples from 0–20, 20–40 and 4 ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2017.1317829

11. Flowering phenology and the interrelations between phenological stages in apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) as influenced by the Nordic climate Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Rivero, R.; Sønsteby, A.; Heide, O. M.; Måge, F.; Remberg, S. F.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2017 v.67 no.4 pp. 292-302
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Malus domestica; alternate bearing; climate; correlation; cultivars; early development; flowering; global warming; heat; morphogenesis; orchards; phenology; shoots; temperature; trees; Norway
Abstract:
... In order to assess to what degree the ongoing global warming has affected flowering time of apple trees in the Nordic climate, we studied flowering phenology of trees in an orchard in Southern Norway. Correlation analysis of a 70-year (1946–2016) data series for flowering time of the cultivar ‘Gravenstein’ revealed a close relationship of the flowering phenophase with April–May heat accumulation ( ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2016.1267256

12. Acute phase proteins as indicators of stress in Baladi goats from Jordan

Author:
Al-Dawood, A.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2017 v.67 no.1-2 pp. 58-65
ISSN:
1651-1972
Subject:
C-reactive protein; amyloid; animal stress; blood sampling; blood serum; body weight; direct solar radiation; goats; haptoglobins; heart rate; heat; heat stress; linear models; livestock transport; monitoring; respiratory rate; shade; statistical analysis; temperature; transportation; Jordan
Abstract:
... This study aimed to evaluate haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in goats following exposure to heat and transportation stressors. In the heat stress (HS) experiment (4-week period), six goats were exposed to direct solar radiation vs. six goats exposed to shade regimen. In the transportation stress experiment, six goats were transported for 2 h in a vehicle vs. a ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064702.2017.1363815

13. Bovine oocyte competence shows better tolerance to seasonal cold stress in cold areas of Northern China

Author:
Guo, Z. H.; He, X. M.; Liu, D.; Ma, H.; Zhang, D. F.; Wu, H. D.; Wu, S. H.; Li, Z. Q.; Fu, B.; Wang, J. B.; Wang, L.; Liu, Z. G.; Zhang, D. J.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2017 v.67 no.1-2 pp. 1-8
ISSN:
1651-1972
Subject:
autumn; blastocyst; cattle; cold; cold stress; heat; heat stress; oocytes; pregnancy; reproductive success; summer; temperature; weather; winter; China
Abstract:
... Oocyte competence is an important determinant of reproductive success and can be disrupted by heat/cold stress. Information related to seasonally induced cold stress effects in cold areas on oocyte competence in the bovine is still scarce, however. Therefore, we performed experiments to test the hypothesis that seasonally induced cold/heat stress affects bovine oocyte competence in cold areas. Ooc ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064702.2017.1330359

14. Phenology, flowering and yield performance of 13 diverse strawberry cultivars grown under Nordic field conditions Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Sønsteby, A.; Roos, U. M.; Heide, O. M.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2017 v.67 no.3 pp. 278-283
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
cultivars; field experimentation; flowering; fresh market; fruit quality; market share; markets; phenology; shelf life; strawberries; summer; temperature; Norway
Abstract:
... As part of an overall assessment of the commercial suitability of strawberry cultivars for the Nordic environment, we studied 13 diverse cultivars in an experimental field in South East Norway. Early-maturing cultivars were characterized by early initiation of floral primordia and early flowering and fruit maturation. High temperatures in July and early August delayed floral initiation in the earl ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2016.1261933

15. Predicting the effects of climate change on the latency period of wheat leaf rust in western Poland Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Wójtowicz, Andrzej; Wójtowicz, Marek; Sigvald, Roland; Pasternak, Maria
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2017 v.67 no.3 pp. 223-234
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Puccinia recondita; climate change; climate models; disease course; leaf rust; meteorological data; prediction; temperature; weather stations; wheat; Poland
Abstract:
... Leaf rust caused by Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici belongs to the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. The progress of the disease is highly dependent on meteorological conditions. One of the parameters affecting the disease progress is latency period driven mostly by temperature. Examination of the influence of predicted temperature changes on the monthly sum of the daily latency period ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2016.1248481

16. Effects of pyrolysis temperature and residence time on physicochemical properties of different biochar types Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Sun, Junna; He, Fuhong; Pan, Yinghua; Zhang, Zhenhua
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2017 v.67 no.1 pp. 12-22
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
acid soils; adsorption; agricultural wastes; alkaline soils; apricots; biochar; feedstocks; forest litter; iodine; leaves; pH; pyrolysis; sweet potatoes; temperature; trees; vines; wheat straw
Abstract:
... Here we selected eight types of feedstocks to assess the effects of pyrolysis temperature (300°C, 400°C, 500°C and 600°C) and residence time (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h), respectively, on the physicochemical properties. The fixed-carbon content, pH value and amount of basic functional groups in biochars increased as the pyrolysis temperature increased from 300°C to 600°C; the opposite trend was foun ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2016.1214745

17. It is warm outside today: How temperature affects dairy cows’ willingness to be on pasture Section A Animal science

Author:
Nielsen, P. P.; Wredle, E.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2016 v.66 no.4 pp. 215-220
ISSN:
1651-1972
Subject:
barns; dairy cows; humidity; milk production; milking; pastures; temperature
Abstract:
... The effect of Temperature Humidity Index (THI) on dairy cows’ willingness to be on pasture was examined. Information for 2 years regarding weather, milk production, and time for voluntarily passing a gate between the barn and pasture of cows milked with an automatic milking system was studied. When the THI exceeded 72 during the day, more cows spent time on pasture compared to when the THI was les ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064702.2017.1346701

18. Modelling Sonchus arvensis root biomass allocation to below-ground shoot and fine root growth Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Torssell, Bengt; Eckersten, Henrik; Lundkvist, Anneli; Verwijst, Theo
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2016 v.66 no.6 pp. 476-482
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Sonchus arvensis; biomass; dry matter partitioning; fine roots; heat sums; models; prediction; root growth; shoots; spring; temperature
Abstract:
... Below-ground (bg) shoot emergence rates of Sonchus arvensis are dependent on temperature and root weight. However, it is unknown to what extent this is due to a root depletion rate that depends on initial root weight, or due to differences in resource allocation to fine root and bg shoot growth. To resolve this, we retrieved data from an experiment in which plants were grown in the dark at constan ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2016.1177112

19. Mortality, progeny production and preference of Sitophilus zeamais adults to wheat from integrated and alternative production systems Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Turinek, Maja; Bavec, Franc; Repič, Milan; Bavec, Martina; Athanassiou, Christos G.; Turinek, Matjaž; Leitner, Erich; Trematerra, Pasquale; Trdan, Stanislav
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2016 v.66 no.5 pp. 443-451
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Sitophilus zeamais; Triticum aestivum; Zea mays; adults; farms; industry; mortality; plant growth; plant protection; production technology; progeny; relative humidity; storage pests; temperature; traps; wheat
Abstract:
... The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of the production systems of wheat from different production systems on the mortality, progeny production and preference of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The factors tested were production system (integrated [INT], organic [ORG], biodynamic [BD] and control), which differed in plant protection and fertiliser proc ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2016.1162844

20. A growth scale for the phasic development of common buckwheat Section B Soil and plant science

Author:
Arduini, Iduna; Masoni, Alessandro; Mariotti, Marco
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2016 v.66 no.3 pp. 215-228
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
buckwheat; flowering; fruits; grain yield; growers; harvest date; inflorescences; leaves; photoperiod; researchers; ripening; sowing; spring; temperature
Abstract:
... Growth scales give a standardized definition of crop development and increase the understanding among researchers and growers. In this research we defined a growth scale for the phasic development of common buckwheat that was mainly based on a sequence of easily recognizable changes occurring on the first and the terminal clusters of inflorescences formed on the main stem. Observations were carrie ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2015.1087587

21. Use of thermal imaging for identification of foot lesions in dairy cattle Section A Animal science

Author:
Orman, A.; Endres, M. I.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2016 v.66 no.1 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
1651-1972
Subject:
cameras; computer software; dairy cows; dermatitis; feet; image analysis; locomotion; temperature; thermography
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to investigate the use of infrared thermography (IRT) for detection of foot lesions in dairy cattle. Thermal images of the rear feet of 139 lactating dairy cows were taken with a thermal camera and evaluated using imaging software. Foot lesions identified in the study included white line disease (WLD), sole ulcer (SU) and digital dermatitis (DD). Temperatures at the ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064702.2016.1179785

22. Effects of different mulching practices on the photosynthetic characteristics of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in a greenhouse in Northwest China

Author:
Mu, Lan; Fang, Lan
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2015 v.65 no.8 pp. 735-746
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Capsicum annuum; crop production; crops; field experimentation; greenhouses; growing season; leaves; mulching; pepper; photosynthesis; plant growth; plastic film mulches; soil quality; stomatal conductance; straw mulches; temperature; water use efficiency; water vapor; wheat straw; China
Abstract:
... Mulching is considered a desirable management technology for improving and stabilizing agricultural crop production. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different mulching practices on hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L .) performance in terms of leaf photosynthetic capacity, photosynthetic light response (PLR) curves, and growth parameters, under greenhouse conditions. Consequen ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2015.1056545

23. Yield and fruit quality of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) are favoured by precipitation and cool summer conditions

Author:
Woznicki, T.L.; Heide, O.M.; Sønsteby, A.; Wold, A.-B.; Remberg, S.F.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2015 v.65 no.8 pp. 702-712
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Ribes nigrum; anthocyanins; ascorbic acid; black currants; breeding; climatic factors; correlation; cultivars; fruit quality; fruit yield; fruiting; new variety; phenolic compounds; phytopharmaceuticals; spring; summer; temperature; total soluble solids
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to examine the genetic and climatic impact on yield parameters and fruit chemical composition of black currant cultivars (Ribes nigrum L.). Correlation analysis between fruit parameters and climatic conditions over a period of eight years revealed a positive correlation between yield and precipitation during fruit development, whereas summer temperatures and radiation wer ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2015.1052093

24. Performance, health and behaviour of organic growing-finishing pigs in two different housing systems with or without access to pasture Section A Animal science

Author:
Botermans, J. A. M.; Olsson, A.-CH.; Andersson, M.; Bergsten, CH.; Svendsen, J.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2015 v.65 no.3-4 pp. 158-167
ISSN:
1651-1972
Subject:
health behavior; herds; locomotion; meat carcasses; pastures; skin lesions; summer; swine; swine housing; temperature
Abstract:
... The effects of two housing systems (deep litter and straw-flow), with and without access to pasture during the summer period, were studied in an organic growing-finishing pig herd. Performance, health, skin lesions and daytime pig activity were studied in 29 pens of 16 pigs (total of 464 pigs, in 4 batches). Data from 21 pens were used for comparisons of deep litter and straw-flow and data from 16 ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064702.2016.1158308

25. Freezing and thawing effects on phosphorus release from grass and cover crop species

Author:
Øgaard, Anne Falk
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2015 v.65 no.6 pp. 529-536
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Brassica napus; Festuca pratensis; Lolium multiflorum; Lolium perenne; Phleum pratense; Poa pratensis; Raphanus sativus var. oleiformis; Secale cereale; Trifolium pratense; Trifolium repens; Vicia villosa; cover crops; crop production; freeze-thaw cycles; freezing; grasses; leaching; meadows; oils; phosphorus; plant growth; radishes; rain; rapeseed; risk; rye; snow; spring; temperature; thawing; vegetated waterways; winter
Abstract:
... Cover crops, grassed buffer zones along watercourses and grassed waterways are recommended for mitigating erosion and phosphorus (P) losses from fields with arable crop production. There are, however, concerns that plant covers may release dissolved P and contribute to P loss after plant freezing. The objective of this study was to evaluate P release after freezing from different plant species of ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2015.1030444

26. Determination of sex pheromone traps distances in control of spiny bollworm, Earias insulana Boisduval. (Lep.: Noctuidae) by mass trapping method in cotton fields

Author:
Hajatmand, Fahimeh; Abbasipour, Habib; Amin, Gholamali; Fereidoonpoor, Mohammad
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2015 v.65 no.4 pp. 357-363
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Earias insulana; adults; analysis of variance; cotton; environmental factors; males; moths; pest management; pheromone traps; sex pheromones; temperature; trapping; Iran
Abstract:
... Spiny bollworm, Earias insulana Boisduval. (Lep.: Noctuidae), causes huge losses to cotton crops each year. As a relatively hardy species of insect, E. insulana tolerates a wide range of environmental conditions and so is prevalent in many regions of the world. Effect of sex pheromone traps to control spiny bollworm by mass trapping method was studied. Investigation of monthly changes in captures ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2015.1013054

27. Sweet potato response to low-input agriculture and varying environments of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: implications for food security strategies

Author:
Motsa, Nozipho M.; Modi, Albert T.; Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2015 v.65 no.4 pp. 329-340
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
agroecological zones; biomass; branching; chlorophyll; clay soils; coasts; crop yield; cultivars; environmental factors; evapotranspiration; farms; fertilizer application; fertilizers; food security; growing season; leaves; low input agriculture; photosynthesis; physiological response; plant growth; planting; roots; sandy soils; stomatal conductance; sweet potatoes; temperature; vines; water holding capacity; water stress; South Africa
Abstract:
... Three sweet potato cultivars (A40, A45 and 199062.1) were planted in three small-scale farms located under different agro-ecological zones of KwaZulu-Natal. The objective was to assess growth, physiological responses and yield of the sweet potato cultivars under low-input agricultural system and different environmental conditions. Sweet potato planted at Richards Bay (28°19'S; 32°06E), a coastal s ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2015.1011222

28. Development and application of a solute transport model to describe field-scale nitrogen processes during autumn rains

Author:
Salo, H.; Warsta, L.; Turunen, M.; Paasonen-Kivekäs, M.; Nurminen, J.; Koivusalo, H.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2015 v.65 no.sup1 pp. 30-43
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
ammonium nitrogen; autumn; denitrification; hydrologic models; mineralization; nitrate nitrogen; nitrification; nitrogen; nitrogen cycle; soil pore system; solutes; temperature; water flow; Finland
Abstract:
... A new generic, three-dimensional, solute transport component was developed into FLUSH, which is a hydrological model developed for Nordic conditions. Water flow and solute transport descriptions in FLUSH follow the dual-permeability concept, which divides the total soil pore space into mobile soil matrix and macropore systems. The solute transport model was parameterized to simulate the main proce ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2014.971861

29. Nutrient losses from subsurface drainage systems in Latvia

Author:
Lagzdiņš, Ainis; Jansons, Viesturs; Sudars, Ritvars; Grinberga, Linda; Veinbergs, Arturs; Abramenko, Kaspars
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2015 v.65 no.sup1 pp. 66-79
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
European Union; agricultural land; atmospheric precipitation; climate change; drainage water; fertilizer rates; meteorological data; mineral fertilizers; monitoring; nitrate nitrogen; nitrates; nutrient transport; phosphorus; subsurface drainage; surface water; temperature; water management; Latvia; Scandinavia
Abstract:
... Artificial subsurface drainage systems are a common water management practice to remove excess water from agricultural land in the Baltic and Nordic countries. Unfortunately, these systems also serve as nutrient transport pathways from agricultural fields to downstream waterbodies. The objective of this study was to determine the status of subsurface drainage water in the context of implementation ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2014.983962

30. Screening of culture conditions for pathogens of potato dry rot

Author:
Li, Fenglan; Jiang, Xianfeng; Sun, Meili; Xu, Hui-lian; Shi, Lijuan; Shan, Weiyu; Feng, Yanzhong
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2014 v.64 no.8 pp. 694-699
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Fusarium avenaceum; Fusarium culmorum; Fusarium sambucinum; Fusarium solani var. coeruleum; disease control; fungi; growth retardation; industry; lighting; pH; pathogens; potatoes; screening; temperature; toxins; tubers; China
Abstract:
... Dry rot is a severe fungal disease during potato storage. Fusarium spp. is the pathogen causing severe rot of potato tubers, producing Fusarium toxins and contaminating food. The disease leads to a huge loss to China's potato industry. The present research optimized and screened the culture conditions of the major pathogens causing potato dry rot including Fusarium culmorum , Fusarium avenaceum , ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2014.953988

31. Kaolin influences tomato response to salinity: physiological aspects

Author:
Boari, Francesca; Cucci, Giovanna; Donadio, Antonio; Schiattone, Maria Immacolata; Cantore, Vito
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2014 v.64 no.7 pp. 559-571
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
electrical conductivity; gas exchange; brackish water; tomatoes; stomatal conductance; photosynthesis; crop production; cultivars; leaf water potential; kaolin; temperature; salt stress; salt tolerance; irrigation water; canopy; income; salinity; farmers; semiarid zones; irrigation rates; stomata; Italy
Abstract:
... Environmental stress as salinity can negatively affect the physiology of tomato plants. Conditions leading to a reduction of transpiration can contribute to greater tolerance to salinity. Use of kaolin-based particle film technology (PFT) may be an effective tool to control stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, thus mitigating the detrimental effect of salinity. The present three-year study ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2014.930509

32. Variations in lamb growth on coastal and mountain pastures, will climate change make a difference?

Author:
Nielsen, A.; Lind, V.; Steinheim, G.; Holand, Ø.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2014 v.64 no.4 pp. 243-252
ISSN:
1651-1972
Subject:
North Atlantic Oscillation; climate; data collection; global warming; grazing; lambs; mountains; normalized difference vegetation index; on-farm research; pastures; spring; summer; temperature; Norway
Abstract:
... In Norway domestic sheep are mostly kept on mountain pastures over summer. Previous studies have shown that climate conditions affect the growth of mountain grazing lambs in contrasting ways. We analysed a data-set from the Tjøtta research farm in northern Norway comprising weights and growth of 8696 lambs over 17 years. The lambs grazed coastal or a mountain pasture, 15 km apart. We found that th ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064702.2015.1029515

33. Acetyl salicylic acid and 24-epibrassinolide enhance root activity and improve root morphological features in tomato plants under heat stress

Author:
Khan, Abdul Rehman; Cheng, Zhihui; Ghazanfar, Bushra; Khan, Muhammad Azam; Yongxing, Zhu
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2014 v.64 no.4 pp. 304-311
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
cultivars; heat stress; root growth; salicylic acid; seedlings; stress tolerance; summer; surface area; temperature; tetrazolium; tomatoes
Abstract:
... High temperature has deleterious impacts on tomato growth and development and limits its production. Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) have been widely reported as stress-ameliorating agents. The effect of exogenous application of varying levels of EBL (0.75, 1.5, and 3 µM) and ASA (0.25, 0.75, and 1.25 mM) on root activity (RA) in terms of 2,3,5 triphenyl tetrazolium chlori ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2014.906645

34. Post-harvest ripening increase cultivar specific sensory and analytical aroma profile in apple juice: A study of four commercial cultivars in Denmark

Author:
Martínez Vega, M.; Varming, C.; Skov, T.; Toldam-Andersen, T.B.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2014 v.64 no.3 pp. 244-251
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
acidity; shelf life; apples; total soluble solids; juice quality; mass spectrometry; odors; apricots; sensory evaluation; starch; pears; ethyl acetate; Citrus; cultivars; postharvest treatment; raw fruit; volatile compounds; small fruits; apple juice; flavor; temperature; fruits; peaches; ripening; pineapples; gas chromatography; Denmark
Abstract:
... Apples are normally produced with focus on the fresh fruit marked, which imply high priority on storability and shelf life. The fruits used for juice are normally those discarded along the post-harvest chain. If the main goal is changed to production of high-quality juice with emphasis on single cultivar characteristic flavours, focus can be on optimal fruit ripening for flavour development. To in ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2014.905622

35. Spatial and temporal variations of grassland soil organic carbon and total nitrogen following grazing exclusion in semiarid Loess Plateau, Northwest China

Author:
Gao, Yang; Cheng, Jimin
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2013 v.63 no.8 pp. 704-711
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
altitude; atmospheric precipitation; chronosequences; grassland soils; grasslands; grazing; nitrogen content; soil depth; soil organic carbon; temperature; temporal variation; China
Abstract:
... Grazing exclusion is an efficient management practice for preventing grassland degradation in semiarid Loess Plateau. However, little information was known about the spatial and temporal variations of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) following grazing exclusion. In this study, grasslands with grazing exclusion for 11 years at 29 different locations were investigated. The results s ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2013.854828

36. C and N mineralization and dissolved organic matter potentials of two contrasting plant residues: effects of residue type, moisture, and temperature

Author:
Hassan, Waseem
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2013 v.63 no.7 pp. 642-652
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
biodegradation; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon nitrogen ratio; cellulose; dissolved organic matter; emissions; green manures; hemicellulose; lignin; mineralization; nitrogen; peanuts; prediction; rice; rice straw; soil; temperature; water holding capacity
Abstract:
... Predicting carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) mineralization of plant residues returned to soils is vital for foreseeing carbon dioxide (CO ₂) emissions into the atmosphere and soil nitrogen availability. Similarly, dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important factor in forecasting microbial degradation of organic inputs as it represents the most active organic fraction, both biologically and chemicall ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2013.846398

37. Impact of returned clippings on turfgrass growth as affected by nitrogen fertilizer rate, time of return, and weather conditions

Author:
Kauer, Karin; Laidna, Toomas; Keres, Indrek; Köster, Tiina; Loit, Evelin; Shanskiy, Merrit; Parol, Argaadi; Selge, Are; Viiralt, Rein; Raave, Henn
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2013 v.63 no.7 pp. 579-587
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Festuca rubra; Poa pratensis; dry matter accumulation; fertilizer rates; field experimentation; growing season; irrigation; lawns and turf; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; sward; temperature; turf grasses; weather
Abstract:
... The effect of returning turfgrass clippings on mown turf, in terms of the value of clippings as a nitrogen source as well as management interactions on grass growth, has not been well examined. The objective of the present research was to study the impact of N rate and weather during the growing season on the effect of returned clippings and on efficiency of returned clippings. The experiment was ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2013.829865

38. Factors affecting development and overwintering of second generation Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Estonia in 2010

Author:
Hiiesaar, Külli; Jõgar, Katrin; Williams, Ingrid H.; Kruus, Eha; Metspalu, Luule; Luik, Anne; Ploomi, Angela; Eremeev, Viacheslav; Karise, Reet; Mänd, Marika
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2013 v.63 no.6 pp. 506-515
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; adults; cultivars; diapause; heat sums; overwintering; oviposition; photoperiod; potatoes; prediction; summer; temperature; univoltine habit; Estonia
Abstract:
... We have established for the first time that Colorado potato beetle (CPB) (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) produced a distinct second generation in 2010 in Estonia. This species has a history, in Estonia, of less than 50 years. Due to their great ability to adapt to variable environmental conditions, the beetles spread very quickly throughout the country and established a ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2013.811536

39. Repeated water absorbency of super-absorbent polymers in agricultural field applications: a simulation study

Author:
Bai, Wenbo; Song, Jiqing; Zhang, Huanzhong
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2013 v.63 no.5 pp. 433-441
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
absorption; crop production; drying; farmers; gels; hydrocolloids; polymers; soil conditioners; soil water; tap water; temperature; water conservation; water quality
Abstract:
... Super-absorbent polymers (SAPs), a group of new water-saving materials and soil conditioners, have been widely adopted in agriculture, but little is known about their performances in repeated usage and other factors influencing SAPs’ efficiency. Four types of commercial SAPs with organic macromolecules, labeled BF, JP, BJ, and WT, were taken with the aim of determining water-absorption capacity un ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2013.797488

40. Forecasting the influence of temperature increase on the development of the Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)] in the Wielkopolska region of Poland

Author:
Wójtowicz, Andrzej; Wójtowicz, Marek; Sigvald, Roland
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2013 v.63 no.2 pp. 136-146
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
meteorological data; simulation models; data collection; global warming; pests; Leptinotarsa decemlineata; potatoes; temperature; Poland
Abstract:
... The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) is probably the most dangerous pest species of potatoes. This study assessed the influence of expected climate warming on the number of Colorado potato beetle generations in the Wielkopolska region of Poland using two simulation models, SimLep 1 and NumoGen 1. Two types of data sets were utilised in the simulations: real meteorological data re ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2012.733021

41. Soil solarization enhances growth and yield in dry beans

Author:
Ibarra-Jiménez, Luis; Lira-Saldivar, Hugo; Cárdenas-Flores, Antonio; Valdez-Aguilar, Luis A.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2012 v.62 no.6 pp. 541-546
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
calcium; correlation; crop yield; crops; dry beans; heat; leaf area; magnesium; plant nutrition; potassium; seeds; soil; soil solarization; soil treatment; spring; temperature; Mexico
Abstract:
... Dry beans are one of the most important crops in Mexico. However, in the last decade this crop averaged yields as low as 0.7 tons per hectare. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test if soil solarization is a suitable pre-planting soil treatment to improve growth, nutrition and yield of beans in northeast Mexico. Five different periods of soil solarization were evaluated during the spring ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2012.664165

42. Woodchip bedding for sheep in Northern Norway

Author:
Hansen, I.; Jørgensen, G. H. M.; Lind, V.; Uhlig, C.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2012 v.62 no.2 pp. 102-110
ISSN:
1651-1972
Subject:
Sphagnum; adults; ewes; peat; straw; temperature; wood chips; Norway
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a woodchip-based deep litter on the health and welfare of sheep. Two different sizes of woodchips (small: 2.5 cm and large: 5.0 cm) were tested in combination, both with or without Sphagnum peat. Ten groups of seven adult, pregnant ewes of the Norwegian White breed were randomly allotted to pens containing one of the bedding mixtures. Resting ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064702.2012.740503

43. Carbohydrate content, characterization and localization in bermudagrass stolons during establishment

Author:
Volterrani, M.; Pompeiano, A.; Magni, S.; Guglielminetti, L.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2012 v.62 no.sup1 pp. 62-69
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Cynodon; carbohydrate content; cultivars; developmental stages; drought; hypoxia; internodes; lawns and turf; mowing; photosynthesis; physiological state; plant response; rhizomes; salinity; starch; stolons; sucrose; temperature; traffic; turf grasses
Abstract:
... Turfgrasses are continuously exposed to a wide range of detrimental stresses, such as mowing, traffic, low or high temperatures, salinity, drought, UV, hypoxia etc. Plant responses to stimuli involve nearly every aspect of plant physiology and metabolism. Carbohydrates, primary sucrose and starch, as principal metabolic products of photosynthesis, are stored in bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) in stolo ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2012.682162

44. Demand-driven fertilization. Part II: Influence of demand-driven fertilization on shoot nitrogen concentration, growth rate, fructan storage and playing quality of golf turf

Author:
Ericsson, Tom; Blombäck, Karin; Kvalbein, Agnar; Neumann, Angelika
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2012 v.62 no.sup1 pp. 139-149
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Agrostis canina; Agrostis capillaris; Agrostis stolonifera; Festuca rubra subsp. fallax; Festuca rubra subsp. rubra; autumn; fertilizer requirements; field experimentation; lawns and turf; leaves; liquid fertilizers; nitrogen; nitrogen content; shoots; solar radiation; spring; temperature; Norway
Abstract:
... The ability of demand-driven fertilization, based on the growth potential provided by solar radiation and temperature, to regulate golf turf characteristics such as growth rate, leaf nitrogen (N) concentration, carbohydrate storage and playing quality was investigated in a 2-year field experiment at Landvik, Norway. Three N regimes (100, 60 and 40% of the estimated N requirement for maximum growth ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2012.682736

45. Poa pratensis or Lolium perenne for establishment and overseeding of Scandinavian football (soccer) pitches

Author:
Aamlid, Trygve S.; Nesheim, Lars; Pettersen, Trond; Enger, Frank; Vesterbukt, Per
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2012 v.62 no.sup1 pp. 32-43
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Lolium perenne; Poa annua; Poa pratensis; botanical composition; climate; field experimentation; freezing; ice; lawns and turf; prediction; snow; snowpack; sodding; spring; summer; temperature; winter; winterkill; Norway
Abstract:
... Scandinavian football pitches are sometimes sodded because of slow establishment of Kentucky bluegrass (KB, Poa pratensis) from seed. Sodding is fast but expensive and brings with it thatch and sometimes annual bluegrass (AB, Poa annua). Perennial ryegrass (PR, Lolium perenne) is used for overseeding and often becomes an important component of the turf. Triggered by experiences in SW Norway and pr ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2012.685180

46. Sensitivity of crop yield and N losses in winter wheat to changes in mean and variability of temperature and precipitation in Denmark using the FASSET model

Author:
Patil, Raveendra H.; Laegdsmand, Mette; Olesen, Jorgen E.; Porter, John R.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2012 v.62 no.4 pp. 335-351
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
climatic factors; early development; emissions; grain yield; leaching; models; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; sand; soil minerals; soil types; summer; temperature; winter; winter wheat; Denmark
Abstract:
... Sensitivity of wheat yield and soil nitrogen (N) losses to stepwise changes in means and variances of climatic variables were determined using the FASSET model. The LARS-WG was used to generate climate scenarios using observed climate data (1961–90) from two sites in Denmark, which differed in climate and soil conditions. Scenarios involved changes to (i) mean temperature alone, (ii) mean and vari ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2011.615758

47. Efficacy of mineral oil combined with insecticides for the control of aphid virus vectors to reduce potato virus Y infections in seed potatoes (Solanum tuberosum)

Author:
Hansen, Lars M.; Nielsen, Steen L.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2012 v.62 no.2 pp. 132-137
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
plant viruses; temperature; seed tubers; neonicotinoid insecticides; Solanum tuberosum; mineral oil; potatoes; viruses; Potato virus Y; Aphidoidea; Denmark
Abstract:
... Aphids are major vectors of plant viruses. Potato virus Y (PVY) is the most important aphid-transmitted virus affecting potato crops in Denmark. Because of a changed seed potato growing strategy, the seed potato area in Denmark is changing from regions with a low average temperature to regions with a higher average temperature. This means that the aphids may infest the potato crops earlier and the ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2011.583936

48. Predicting germination response of primed and non-primed seeds of five crops under field-variable temperature

Author:
Tian, Yu; Zhang, Hongxiang; Wang, Ping; Zhou, Daowei
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2012 v.62 no.2 pp. 172-178
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
crops; drought; drought tolerance; farmers; germination; models; prediction; root systems; seed priming; seedlings; seeds; semiarid zones; spring; temperature
Abstract:
... Farmers typically practice ‘on-farm’ priming to overcome the ‘spring drought’ in semi-arid regions. The reason invoked for the priming effect in the literature is often the thermal time model whereas investigators rarely focus on the root system of the seedling. The aims of this study were to quantify the priming effect and simulate the emergence pattern under field-variable temperatures. Furtherm ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2011.597424

49. A simulation model for predicting the voluntary feed intake of a growing pig

Author:
Yoosuk, S.; Ong, H. B.; Roan, S. W.; Morgan, C. A.; Whittemore, C. T.
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2011 v.61 no.4 pp. 168-186
ISSN:
1651-1972
Subject:
cold; energy; environmental factors; feed intake; genotype; heat production; prediction; protein requirement; simulation models; slaughter weight; stocking rate; swine; temperature
Abstract:
... The main goal of this simulator is to predict voluntary feed intake based on the effects of temperature and stocking density. The model indicates the limiting factors relative to diet (protein, energy or ash), housing environmental conditions and stocking density. The concepts of compensatory protein growth, correction of lipid growth, the desired feed intake to meet energy, protein and ash requir ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064702.2011.642000

50. Genotype and climate conditions influence the drop off of flowers and premature berries of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.)

Author:
Kikas, Ave; Kaldmäe, Hedi; Libek, Asta
Source:
Acta agriculturæ Scandinavica 2011 v.61 no.6 pp. 551-558
ISSN:
1651-1913
Subject:
Ribes nigrum; black currants; buds; climate; crossing; cultivars; flowering; flowers; genotype; horticulture; parents; temperature; weather; Estonia
Abstract:
... The aim of the present research was to study the extent of the drop off of blackcurrant flowers and young berries in the conditions of northern Europe, depending on particular genotypes and weather conditions. The study was carried out in southern Estonia in 2004–2007. The experiment involved nine recently selected genotypes from the blackcurrant breeding program of the Estonian University of Life ...
DOI:
10.1080/09064710.2010.521515