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- Author:
- Mac Santaoir, S.; Ward, F.; Archer, J.; Mansfield, J.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 305-314
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- Malus domestica; apples; buds; cultivars; fruit set; leaves; maritime climate; paclobutrazol; rain; rootstocks; shoots; trees; triploidy; Ireland
- Abstract:
- ... ‘Bramley’s Seedling’ apple is the major apple cultivar grown in Ireland. As a triploid the ‘Bramley’ grows extremely vigorously; particularly in a maritime climate with regular rainfall. Controlling growth is a problem for the industry. Cultar has become the standard chemical for growth control across the industry and with the advent of Regalis it was important to see how the new chemistry would p ...
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- Author:
- Bound, S.A.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 229-236
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- ammonium thiosulfate; apples; fish; fish oils; flowers; fruit growing; fruit quality; potassium bicarbonate; sodium bicarbonate; sodium chloride; sulfur
- Abstract:
- ... The removal of excess or unwanted flowers and/or fruit from trees is one of the most important orchard practices in pome fruit production, ensuring regular cropping and good fruit quality. Increased environmental and public health concerns have led to the banning or phasing out of many thinning chemicals and has encouraged the development and introduction of non-persistent chemicals with low toxic ...
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- Author:
- Formolo, R.; Rufato, L.; Kretzschmar, A.A.; Marcon Filho, J.L.; Brighenti, A.F.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 245-248
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- Pyrus communis; branches; budbreak; buds; dormancy breaking; experimental design; fruits; hydrogen cyanamide; mineral oil; orchards; pears; potassium nitrate; trees; Brazil
- Abstract:
- ... The pear is the third temperate fruit specie more consumed in Brazil. However, the expansion of this species requires the development of modern cultural techniques to allow proper cultivation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different chemical products to overcome endodormancy of cultivar ‘Santa Maria’ pear (Pyrus communis L.) in Southern Brazil. The experiment was ...
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- Author:
- Amiri, M.E.; Fallahi, E.; Parseh, S.H.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 371-377
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- anthocyanins; cultivars; market value; fruits; small fruits; total soluble solids; absorbance; table grapes; firmness; rain; color; ripening; abscisic acid; ethephon; markets; Iran
- Abstract:
- ... The market value of grape ‘Beidaneh Ghermez’, which is one of the most popular cultivar of table grapes in Iran, is dependant upon its desirable appearance (red color). Its color is relatively poor in Zanjan province, Iran. The research was conducted to study the effects of of ethephon and abscisic acid (ABA) at four dosages (0, 100, 200, 300 ppm) at 20 to 30% verasion of berries on skin color qua ...
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- Author:
- Botton, A.; Eccher, G.; Ruperti, B.; Ramina, A.; Boschetti, A.; Dorigoni, A.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 407-412
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- 1-methylcyclopropene; abscission; aminoethoxyvinylglycine; antagonists; apples; benzyladenine; chemical concentration; cytokinins; environmental factors; ethylene; ethylene production; fruits; leaves; models; orchards; shoots; spraying; trees
- Abstract:
- ... Benzyladenine (BA) is a well known synthetic cytokinin broadly used as a thinning agent in apple orchards. BA has numerous physiological effects, strictly dependent upon the tree developmental stage, the concentration of the chemical and the environmental conditions at the time of spraying. The enhanced ethylene evolution observed in BA-treated apple leaves and fruits may be one of the key factors ...
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- Author:
- Retamales, J.; Petracek, P.D.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 337-341
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- abscission; aminoethoxyvinylglycine; ethylene; ethylene production; etiology; female flowers; fruit crops; fruit quality; fruit set; mechanism of action; pollination; trees; walnuts
- Abstract:
- ... The ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG; commercial product ReTain) has been used commercially for preventing pre-harvest drop and retaining fruit quality in apples for over a decade. Recently, AVG has been developed to increase fruit set in walnut trees by controlling pistillate flower abscission (PFA). In this study, the problem of PFA in the Serr variety has been analyz ...
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- Author:
- Robinson, T.; Hoying, S.; Iungerman, K.; Kviklys, D.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 343-350
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- aminoethoxyvinylglycine; apples; fruit drop; naphthaleneacetic acid; trees
- Abstract:
- ... In 2008, we evaluated whether the combination of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, trade name = Retain) and napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) would give better pre-harvest drop control of ‘McIntosh’ apple than AVG or NAA alone. AVG (832 g Retain/ha or 416 g Retain/ha) was applied 3, 2 or 1 week before normal harvest. At either the 2 or 1 week before normal harvest, a combination of AVG and 20 mg•L-1 (ppm) N ...
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- Author:
- Giardina, G.; Reeb, P.; Dussi, M.C.; Gastiazoro, J.; Zon, K.; Nichols, J.; Nyeki, J.; Szabo, Z.; Pugh, B.; Racsko, J.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 473-479
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- cultivars; flowering; fruits; total soluble solids; analysis of variance; models; flowers; fruit set; fruit quality; trees; firmness; benzyladenine; latitude; cherries; Argentina
- Abstract:
- ... This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of 6-benzyladenine (BA) applications on fruit quality of ‘Sweetheart’ and ‘Lapins’ sweet cherries in two different growing regions of Patagonia, Argentina: the Upper Valley of Río Negro (38°55’ South Latitude) and the Lower Valley of Chubut River (43°15’ South Latitude). In each location, two doses of BA (200 and 300 mg L-1) were applied at 10, 25 ...
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- Author:
- Rufato, L.; Kretzschmar, A.A.; Brighenti, A.F.; Macedo, T.A.; Mendes, M.; Silva, L.C.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 643-646
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- Malus domestica; altitude; apples; budbreak; calcium nitrate; chemical treatment; cities; climatic factors; cobalt; cultivars; experimental design; flowers; hydrogen cyanamide; mineral oil; trees; zinc; Brazil
- Abstract:
- ... When the chilling is not sufficient to provide the natural bud break of apple trees, it is necessary to use chemical products to induce bud break and overcoming the endodormancy of these plants. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different chemical products on bud break in three apple (Malus domestica Borkh) cultivars and two distinct regions of Santa Catarina State. The c ...
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- Author:
- Hawerroth, F.J.; Petri, J.L.; Leite, G.B.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 511-516
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- apples; budbreak; calcium nitrate; cooling; flowering; fruit set; fruit trees; hydrogen cyanamide; mineral oil; toxicity; Brazil
- Abstract:
- ... In mild winter climates, the budbreak promoters application is one of main management strategies used to decrease problems of insufficient winter chilling on temperate fruit trees. Despite of the high efficiency of some chemicals on budbreak induction, the high toxicity showed by these compounds is one problem related to its use. Erger, an organic nitrogen compound, combined with calcium nitrate, ...
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- Author:
- Vigl, J.; Brunner, P.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 701-707
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- Malus domestica; apples; cultivars; dwarfing; grafting (plants); orchards; planting; rootstocks; soil; trees; vigor; Italy
- Abstract:
- ... Fruit growers prefer apple trees that grow with moderate vigor, demand little labour and produce consistent and high quality yields. These requirements are best met by grafting plants on dwarfing apple rootstocks. The dwarfing rootstock M.9 holds the greatest promise for Italy’s high density orchards. However, with some vigorous cultivars, this rootstock may not be dwarfing enough. Instead of choo ...
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- Author:
- Ghiani, A.; Baldin, F.; Morgutti, S.; Negrini, N.; Nocito, F.F.; MIgnani, I.; Bassi, D.; Cocucci, M.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 125-131
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- alleles; ethylene; ethylene production; gene expression; peaches; polygalacturonase; regulatory sequences; sequence analysis; texture
- Abstract:
- ... Melting flesh (MF) and non-melting flesh (NMF) peaches show different texture and firmness and different ethylene evolution. The MF phenotype is linked to the presence of high levels of an active ripening-related endopolygalacturonase (endoPG). In ‘Oro A’ the predicted amino acidic sequence of endoPG protein is very similar to that of MF ‘Bolero’ but the levels of the active endoPG protein and Pp- ...
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- Author:
- Robinson, T.; Lopez, S.; Iungerman, K.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 635-642
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- apples; carbaryl; ethephon; naphthaleneacetic acid; summer; trees
- Abstract:
- ... A field study was conducted at Geneva, NY from 2005-2007 with ‘Honeycrisp’/M.9 apple trees where a range of croploads was imposed on 3rd-5th year trees by hand thinning at 10 mm fruit size to determine the effect of crop load on return bloom. A relatively low crop load (4 fruits/cm2 trunk cross-sectional area (TCA) was required to ensure a strong return bloom the next year with young trees but wit ...
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- Author:
- Maas, F.M.; Kanne, H.J.; Steeg, P.A.H. van der
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 293-304
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- acetic acid; ammonium thiosulfate; fruit set; fruits; naphthaleneacetic acid; pears; trees; weather
- Abstract:
- ... The increasing difference in the market value of small and larger sized ‘Conference’ pears (>65 mm) and the high labour costs for hand thinning, makes it interesting for growers to find a cheaper and reliable method for thinning pear trees. In 2007, 2008 and 2009 trials were carried out to test the thinning efficacy of several chemicals. Fruit set was only significantly reduced by a two-fold appli ...
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- Author:
- Costa, F.; Alba, R.; Soglio, V.; Schouten, H.J.; Gianfranceschi, L.; Costa, G.; Sansavini, S.; Giovannoni, J.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 95-100
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- 1-methylcyclopropene; apples; cultivars; ethylene; ethylene production; experimental design; genes; genomics; ripening; tomatoes
- Abstract:
- ... Ethylene is a gaseous hormone that in higher plants controls several physiological aspects. In climacteric species, like apple and tomato, this hormone plays a crucial role triggering and coordinating most of the ripening evolution. To identify the putative gene set impacting the apple fruit ripening, we have carried out a two-way microarray approach: performing homologous and heterologous hybridi ...
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- Author:
- Belleggia, A.; Murri, G.; Neri, D.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 399-405
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- alternate bearing; ammonium thiosulfate; apples; benzyladenine; buds; canopy; deblossoming; flowers; fruit set; fruits; olive oil; pruning; sulfur; trees; Italy
- Abstract:
- ... Alternate bearing of Fuji apple is an increasing problem in high density planting systems. In a commercial orchard (Ascoli Piceno, central Italy) with 4329 trees/ha (3.3×0.7 m), several substances (ammonium thiosulphate, lime sulphur, olive oil and benzyladenine), potentially active in blossom thinning, were investigated in comparison to hand thinning and untreated control. Fruit set was evaluated ...
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- Author:
- Rademacher, W.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 717-724
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- dormancy breaking; fruit trees; genotype; introduced plants; markets; new products; plant breeding; plant development; plant protection; profitability; sales
- Abstract:
- ... Worldwide, plant bioregulators account for only approximately 2.5% of the total sales of products used in plant protection. This limited market potential, enormous costs for development and registration, and the demand for high sales and profitability have created major constraints to the introduction of new plant bioregulators. However, it can be assumed that there are still possibilities to succ ...
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- Author:
- Flaishman, M.A.; Sargal, A.; Granot, M.; Yablovich, Z.; Golobovich, S.; Peles, Y.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 167-178
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- flowers; fruit growing; fruit trees; fruiting; global warming; irrigation; plant growth substances; temperate zones; temperature; Israel
- Abstract:
- ... Current and forecast global warming is expected to change climate in the classic regions of deciduous fruit tree cultivation. With this scenario in mind, a broader and deeper understanding of the relevant physiological processes that regulate fruit production under a warmer climate will allow sustainable fruit growing in world regions that currently still enjoy temperate climate. Being a significa ...
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- Author:
- Sams, C.E.; Deyton, D.E.; Cummins, J.C.; Ballington, J.R.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 647-650
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- Vaccinium corymbosum; abscisic acid; blueberries; buds; ethanol; flowers; mortality; peaches; phenology; runoff; soybean oil; spraying
- Abstract:
- ... Late winter freezes are primary causes of yield reduction of rabbiteye and southern highbush blueberries. Sprays of soybean oil in early February can delay peach bloom by up to seven days, reducing the potential of freeze damage. ‘Legacy’ (Vaccinium corymbosum) blueberry plants were sprayed to runoff on 22 February with 0, 60, 90 or 120 ml/L soybean oil (Golden Natural, 93% soybean oil a.i.). Flow ...
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- Author:
- Reighard, G.L.; Ouellette, D.; Brock, K.
- Source:
- Acta horticulturae 2010 no.884 pp. 629-634
- ISSN:
- 0567-7572
- Subject:
- application timing; buds; cultivars; deblossoming; ethephon; flowers; fruit set; fruit yield; growers; peaches; soybean oil; spring; trees; South Carolina
- Abstract:
- ... Early removal of flower buds, flowers or small fruitlets increases peach fruit size and commercial value. Due to the lack of labeled or consistent thinning chemicals, peach growers usually wait approximately 30 days after bloom before hand-thinning fruit, which decreases fruit growth potential. Experiments were conducted near Seneca, South Carolina to determine the efficacy of combining Vegetoil ( ...
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