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Agronomy journal
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8004-1996
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1996 v.88 no.6
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- Author:
- Marvin H. Hall; Gerald A. Jung; John A. Shaffer; John R. Everhart
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 971-975
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- harvest date; crop quality; autumn; fiber content; stubble; Bromus catharticus; nutritive value; height; spring; Pennsylvania
- Abstract:
- ... Forage production of ‘Grasslands Matua’ prairie grass [Bromus catharticus M. Vahl; syn. B. unioloides Kunth, B. willdenowii Kunth] (Matua, for short) during the fall months is excellent, but highly management dependent. Unfortunately, fall harvest management effects on the quality of this grass are relatively unknown. Our objectives were to determine the effects of fall harvest management on forag ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060021x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060021x
- Author:
- Yanping Zhu; Craig C. Sheaffer; Donald K. Barnes
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 955-960
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- interspecific variation; cultivars; crop quality; sowing date; Medicago rugosa; fiber content; Medicago sativa; Medicago polymorpha; Medicago scutellata; spring; crop yield; forage; crude protein; Medicago littoralis; summer; Medicago lupulina; Medicago truncatula
- Abstract:
- ... Annual medics (Medicago spp.) have been extensively used as winter annual forage and green manure crops in Mediterranean regions, but their potential use in the north-central USA has not been evaluated. Our objective was to determine the summer and fall forage yield and forage quality of spring- and summer-seeded annual medics. Twelve commercial annual medic cultivars from Australia (representing ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060019x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060019x
- Author:
- Arjan J. Gijsman; Astrid Oberson; Holm Tiessen; Dennis K. Friesen
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 894-903
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- simulation models; tropical soils; soil organic matter; nutrient deficiencies; nutrient availability; equations; soil fertility; phosphorus
- Abstract:
- ... The CENTURY soil organic matter model was developed to describe nutrient dynamics for soils of the North American Great Plains, but is now applied to other soil types and climates. Phosphorus transformations in CENTURY are based on empirical relationships, developed for soils where N is the most limiting nutrient. This restricts the model's applicability in P-limited soils, particularly those that ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060008x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060008x
- Author:
- Mark A. Hussey; Elexis C. Bashaw
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 944-946
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- Cenchrus ciliaris; winter hardiness; cultivars; genetic resistance; winter; seedlings; carbohydrates; crop yield; genotype; defoliation; chemical constituents of plants; mortality; Texas
- Abstract:
- ... Lack of winter hardiness in buffelgrass [Cenchrus ciliaris L.; syn. Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link] currently limits the utilization of this species in Texas and northern Mexico. This study was conducted to assess differences in field survival and yield potential of buffelgrass germplasm believed to have increased levels of winter hardiness. To document differences in field winter survival seedlings ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060016x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060016x
- Author:
- Francis J. Larney; H. Henry Janzen
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 921-927
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- alfalfa; crop yield; Pisum sativum; phosphorus; pig manure; eroded soils; nitrate nitrogen; nutrient uptake; dry matter accumulation; waste utilization; Triticum aestivum; soil fertility; composts; wheat straw; poultry manure; wood shavings; grains; alfalfa hay; mixtures; nitrogen fertilizers; barley straw; cattle manure; phosphorus fertilizers
- Abstract:
- ... Many agricultural fields on the semiarid Canadian prairies have areas of inherently low productivity associated with loss of soil quality due to erosion. This study compared the efficacy of various amendments in restoring productivity to a desurfaced fine-loamy, mixed Typic Haploboroll (Lethbridge series) in southern Alberta. In spring 1992, 14 amendment treatments (including livestock manures, cr ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060012x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060012x
- Author:
- W. Carroll Johnson; James W. Todd; Albert K. Culbreath; Benjamin G. Mullinix
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 928-933
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- Jacquemontia tamnifolia; host range; disease vectors; Xanthium strumarium; Capsicum annuum; Desmodium tortuosum; weed hosts; Ipomoea lacunosa; Sida spinosa; Nicotiana tabacum; Arachis hypogaea; incidence; Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus; Senna obtusifolia
- Abstract:
- ... The role of endemic weeds in the epidemiology of spotted wilt must be determined in order to develop an integrated system to manage the disease. Field studies were conducted from 1990 through 1992 to determine concurrently the incidence of spotted wilt and population dynamics of thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on seven warm season weeds and three crop species planted in microplots. Weeds examined ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060013x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060013x
- Author:
- William C. Young; Harold W. Youngberg; David O. Chilcote
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 947-951
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- application timing; lodging; seeds; Lolium perenne; developmental stages; harvest index; application rate; nitrogen fertilizers; Oregon
- Abstract:
- ... Spring application of N generally increases seed yield of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Understanding the influence of N rates and timings on seed yield components can be used to improve N use efficiencies and seed yield. Fidd experiments during 1982 and 1983 at Oregon State University studied the effects of 60, 90, and 120 kg N ha⁻¹, applied either at double-ridge stage (DR) or at spike ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060017x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060017x
- Author:
- Leslie A. Weston
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 860-866
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- weeds; weed control; biological control; allelopathy; crop residues; cover crops; live mulches; crop rotation; crop-weed competition
- Abstract:
- ... Biorational alternatives are gaining increased attention for weed conlrol because of concerns related to pesticide usage and dwindling numbers of labeled products, particularly for minor-use crops. AIlelopathy offers potential for biorational weed control through the production and release of allelochemlcs from leaves, flowers, seeds, stems, and roots of living or decomposing plant materials. Unde ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060004x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060004x
- Author:
- Darrell A. Miller
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 854-859
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- forage crops; allelopathy; Medicago sativa; phytotoxicity; weeds; allelochemicals; crop rotation
- Abstract:
- ... Secondary plant metaholites and their degradation products are important in all agroecosystems including those with forage crops. Allelopathy affects cropping systems and interseeding of one species into established sods of another. Autotoxicity and heterotoxicity are types of allelopathy. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) has been investigated as both an autotoxic and heterotoxic species. Reestablishm ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060003x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060003x
- Author:
- Nelson, C.J.
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 853
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- allelopathy; cropping systems; chemical ecology
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060002x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060002x
11. Canopy Light Reflectance and Field Greenness to Assess Nitrogen Fertilization and Yield of Maize
- Author:
- B. L. Ma; Malcolm J. Morrison; Lianne M. Dwyer
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 915-920
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- Zea mays; hybrids; pigmentation; leaf area; crop yield; grains; leaves; nitrogen fertilizers; Ontario
- Abstract:
- ... Assessment of crop N requirements is necessary to develop production systems with optimal N input. A field experiment with six maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown at three N fertilizer rates (0, 100, and 200 kg N ha⁻¹) was conducted on a well-drained sandy loam of the Grenville series (coarse-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Eutrochrepts) on the Central Experimental Farm at Ottawa, ON, in Canada (45°23' N, ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060011x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060011x
- Author:
- David S. Seigler
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 876-885
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- mechanism of action; coevolution; plant communities; allelochemicals; ecological succession; allelopathy; secondary metabolites; bioassays; plant competition; chemical ecology
- Abstract:
- ... Allelopathy, originally defined as chemically elicited interactions between plants or fungi, is mediated by many types of compounds with different sites and modes of biochemical action. Although it is possible to measure a generalized effect, it is unlikely that deeper insight into the basic mechanimas of this phenomenon will be obtained until problems are more clearly and specifically delineated. ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060006x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060006x
- Author:
- Seth M. Dabney; Jonathon D. Schreiber; Craig S. Rothrock; Joseph R. Johnson
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 961-970
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- Sorghum bicolor; cover crops; seedlings; growth retardation; Vicia villosa; Triticum aestivum; Trifolium incarnatum; Trifolium subterraneum; fallow; weeds; crop residues; crop rotation; seed germination; allelopathy
- Abstract:
- ... Recently killed cover crops often interfere with crop seedling growth. Controlled-environment and field studies were conducted to characterize the nature and persistence of cover crop interference with sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] seedling growth and to test several seed-zone management practices that might alleviate detrimental effects. Germination, root and shoot length, and disease inc ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060020x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060020x
14. Distinguishing Resource Competition and Chemical Interference: Overcoming the Methodological Impasse
- Author:
- Jeffrey D. Weidenhamer
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 866-875
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- weed control; shrublands; phytotoxicity; allelochemicals; allelopathy; bioassays; soil analysis; crop-weed competition; chemical ecology; biological control; Florida
- Abstract:
- ... Understanding allelopathy may hold the key to new weed management strategies. However, the difficulty of distinguishing chemical interference from competition has hindered studies of allelopathy in natural and cultivated plant communities. Experimental rigor has increased, but has yet to provide unambiguous proof of allelopathy. The complexities of allelopathic interactions, as illustrated by ongo ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060005x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060005x
- Author:
- Y. De Malach; Jiftah Ben-Asher; M. Sagih; A. Alert
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 987-990
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- irrigation water; water quality; salinity; design; fertilizers; microirrigation; saline water; nutrient solutions; research equipment
- Abstract:
- ... A double-emitter source (DES) irrigation system was designed, using trickle instead of sprinkler irrigation. Two trickle laterals and their emitters connected to two tanks of stock solutions are coupled together to form a double-joint lateral. The emitters of the two lines have different and varying discharges to obtain various mixings between the two stock solutions while maintaining constant app ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060024x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060024x
- Author:
- Srinivas C. Rao
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 904-908
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- nitrogen content; no-tillage; nutrient availability; nitrapyrin; dicyandiamide; nitrification; wheat straw; edaphic factors; crop yield; Triticum aestivum; urea; soil fertility; grains; continuous cropping; Oklahoma
- Abstract:
- ... Nitrification inhibitors (NIs) such as dicyandiamide (DCD) and nitrapyrin [2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl)pyridine] (NP) slow the nitrification process, thus reducing N losses from leaching and denitrification. In field studies (1990–1994) on a Renfrow silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, thermic Udertic Paleustolls) near El Reno, OK, we evaluated these two NIs and their placement effects on nitrification o ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060009x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060009x
- Author:
- Frank A. Einhellig
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 886-893
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- temperature; plant diseases and disorders; insect pests; soil water content; allelochemicals; herbicides; allelopathy; environmental factors; secondary metabolites; water stress; synergism; ferulic acid; light
- Abstract:
- ... Allelopathic inhibition typically results from the combined action of a group of allelochemicals which, collectively, interfere with several physiological processes. The objectives of this paper are to summarize research that illustrates the joint action of allelochemicals, and to provide evidence that both the amount and detrimental action of these compounds depends on the extent of associated ab ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060007x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060007x
18. Multinutrient Fertilization and Placement to Improve Yield and Nutrient Concentration of Tall Fescue
- Author:
- Daniel W. Sweeney; Joseph L. Moyer; John L. Havlin
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 982-986
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- Festuca arundinacea; nitrogen fertilizers; NPK fertilizers; trace element fertilizers; crop yield; nutrient content; crop quality; hay; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; sulfur; boron; zinc; calcium; magnesium; band placement; Kansas
- Abstract:
- ... Although tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is one of the major cool-season grasses used for animal feed in the USA, it often is unfertilized or is top-dressed with N alone. Additional fertilizer nutrients applied with N may improve yield and quality. Subsurface placement of N has been shown to improve cool-season grass production, but data are limited regarding effects of placement of diff ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060023x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060023x
- Author:
- William D. Branch; Timothy B. Brenneman
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 933-936
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- cultivars; tebuconazole; chemical control; genetic resistance; fungal diseases of plants; irrigated conditions; Mycosphaerella berkeleyi; Thanatephorus cucumeris; disease control; crop yield; disease resistance; Arachis hypogaea; Athelia rolfsii; pods; Georgia
- Abstract:
- ... Tebuconazole {α-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-α-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol} has been registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for use in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production as a new sterol-inhibiting fungicide, under the trade name Folicur 3.6F. It is labeled to be used as four consecutive sprays between two applications of non-sterol-inhibiting fungicides for co ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060014x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060014x
- Author:
- William C. Young; David O. Chilcote; Harold W. Youngberg
- Source:
- Agronomy journal 1996 v.88 no.6 pp. 951-955
- ISSN:
- 0002-1962
- Subject:
- paclobutrazol; lodging; application timing; seeds; developmental stages; Lolium perenne; growth retardation; yield components; application rate; Oregon
- Abstract:
- ... Lodging of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seed crop is a widespread problem. Crop lodging reduces seed yield and interferes with seed harvest. This study was conducted to determine if low rates of paclobutrazol [(2RS,3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-pentan-3-ol] influences seed yield and yield components of perennial ryegrass cv. Pennfine. Paclobutrazol was ap ...
- DOI:
- 10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060018x
- https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1996.00021962003600060018x