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You searched for: Journal Agronomy journal Remove constraint Journal: Agronomy journal Source 1993 v.85 no.3 Remove constraint Source: 1993 v.85 no.3 Subject crop yield Remove constraint Subject: crop yield
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1. Agronomic Practices that Affect Corn Kernel Characteristics

Author:
Ahmadi, M.; Wiebold, W. J.; Beuerlein, J. E.; Eckert, D. J.; Schoper, J.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 615-619
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Zea mays; plant density; crop yield; seeds; nitrogen content; hardness; seed quality; sowing date; grains; Ohio
Abstract:
... Agronomic practices affect corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield and may affect physical and chemical characteristics of corn kernels. These characteristics affect feed, food, and industrial uses of corn grain. Four field experiments consisting of planting date and population combinations were conducted to determine the effect of these agronomic practices on grain yield, kernel N concentration, and kerne ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030018x

2. Application Placement and Timing of Nitrogen Solution for No-Till Corn

Author:
Stecker, J. A.; Buchholz, D. D.; Hanson, R. G.; Wollenhaupt, N. C.; McVay, K. A.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 645-650
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Zea mays; no-tillage; urea fertilizers; nutrient solutions; preplanting treatment; soil injection; crop yield; nutrient uptake; nitrogen; leaves; losses from soil; volatilization; application timing; application rate; grains; Missouri
Abstract:
... Fertilizing no-till corn (Zea mays L.) with urea-based N sources requires managing for N losses such as immobilization and NH₃ volatilization. In this study the interactive effects of fertilizer N application time and placement method were evaluated by applying urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution to no-till corn. Eight site-years of data were collected from sites in central, northeast, and northw ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030023x

3. A Sunflower Simulation Model: II. Simulating Production Risks in a Variable Sub-Tropical Environment

Author:
Meinke, Holger; Hammer, Graeme L.; Chapman, Scott C.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 735-742
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
simulation models; Helianthus annuus; sowing date; tropics; subtropics; growth models; crop yield; seasonal variation; climatic factors; decision making; prediction; Queensland
Abstract:
... In highly variable environments, farmers require quantitative information on production risk to make well informed farming decisions. In many cases this can only be achieved through simulation studies. Thus, the dynamic sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) model QSUN was used, in conjunction with long-term climate records, to quantify the impact of climatic variability on production. Simulation results ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030039x

4. A Sunflower Simulation Model: I. Model Development

Author:
Chapman, Scott C.; Hammer, Graeme L.; Meinke, Holger
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 725-735
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
simulation models; Helianthus annuus; plant development; dry environmental conditions; phenology; dry matter accumulation; growth models; crop yield; decision making; prediction
Abstract:
... In dryland farming systems, opportunities to improve sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) yields are mostly associated with management decisions made at planting. Dynamic crop simulation models can assist in making such decisions. This study reports the structure of QSUN, a simple and mechanistic crop model for sunflower, and how it accounts for the dynamic interaction of the crop with the soil and ae ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030038x

5. Crop Performance Trials under Irrigated and Dryland Conditions

Author:
Bowman, Daryl; Raymer, Paul; Dombeck, Don
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 610-614
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Zea mays; Glycine max; irrigated conditions; dry environmental conditions; cultivars; hybrids; water stress; genotype-environment interaction; genetic variation; variety trials; crop yield; North Carolina; Georgia
Abstract:
... Corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] performance trials are sometimes conducted under both irrigated and dryland conditions in the southeastern USA. It is not known whether irrigated trials are better trials statistically or if irrigation causes relative rank changes in hybrid or cultivar performance. To answer these questions, corn data were examined from four different environ ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030017x

6. Development of Double-Crop Soybean under Different Soil Water Regimes

Author:
Pearce, R. C.; Grabau, L. J.; Grove, J. H.; Lin, H.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 576-583
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Glycine max; double cropping; Triticum aestivum; soil water content; crop yield; seeds; rain; dry environmental conditions; water stress; drought; sowing date; Kentucky
Abstract:
... Double-crop soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] comprises nearly one-third of the total soybean hectarage in the southeasteirn USA. This study was initiated to investigate the water relations of soybean following winter wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.) emend. Thcll], with emphasis on the role of stored soil water. A treatment scheme was devised in which wheat was killed at heading, mid-grain fill, and m ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030011x

7. Evapotranspiration and Yield of Beans as Affected by Mulch and Irrigation

Author:
Barros, L. C. G.; Hanks, R. J.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 692-697
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Phaseolus vulgaris; mulching; wheat straw; irrigated conditions; sprinkler irrigation; crop yield; seeds; evapotranspiration; water use efficiency; transpiration; evaporation; application rate; Utah
Abstract:
... Mulch (crop residue) has been reported to increase soil water storage and crop yield, and to reduce soil water stress under some conditions. However, few studies have had irrigations, and thus evapotranspiration (ET), as a variable where soil water was controlled. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mulch on ET, bean yield (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and water use efficiency (W ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030032x

8. Forage Yield, Quality, Compatibility, and Persistence of Warm-Season Grass—Legume Mixtures

Author:
Posler, G. L.; Lenssen, A. W.; Fine, G. L.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 554-560
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Panicum virgatum; Lespedeza; Bouteloua curtipendula; crop quality; in vitro digestibility; Desmanthus illinoensis; nutritive value; Amorpha canescens; crop yield; Astragalus cicer; Dalea purpurea; Sorghastrum nutans; Kansas
Abstract:
... Development of compatible, persistent, warm-season grass-legume mixtures could increase forage yield and quality during summer months. We established a trial to determine forage yield, quality, species compatibility, and persistence of binary mixtures of warm-season grasses with selected legumes, five of which are native to the central USA. Grass entries were switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), sid ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030007x

9. Growth, Boll Opening Rate, and Fiber Properties of Narrow-Row Cotton

Author:
Heitholt, James J.; Pettigrew, William T.; Meredith, William R.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 590-594
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
isogenic lines; lint cotton; seeds; Gossypium hirsutum; row spacing; early development; dry matter accumulation; crop yield; plant morphology; genotype; fiber quality; bolls; leaves; vegetative growth; Mississippi
Abstract:
... Row spacing has the potential to affect agronomic traits of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Although narrow-rows can pose numerous management challenges (e.g., cultivation and harvesting), the benefits of narrow-rows may justify their use. Unfortunately, the extent and consistency of cotton's response to narrow-rows is variable, which makes management decisions more difficult. The objective ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030013x

10. Inadequacy of the Liebig Limiting-Factor Paradigm for Explaining Varying Crop Yields

Author:
Sinclair, Thomas R.; Park, Wayne I.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 742-746
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
crops; growth models; prediction; plant development; crop yield; equations; mathematical models
Abstract:
... Historically, the limiting-factor paradigm has been used to describe how crop yields may be constrained by the individual input resources required by plants. The limiting-factor paradigm proposes that plant growth is constrained only by a single resource whose availability is so low that it solely inhibits greater growth or growth rates. However, this paradigm ignores the great flexibility of plan ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030040x

11. Logistic Response of Bermudagrass and Bunchgrass Cultivars to Applied Nitrogen

Author:
Overman, A. R.; Sanderson, M. A.; Jones, R. M.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 541-545
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
interspecific variation; cultivars; mathematical models; forage crops; Panicum coloratum; application rate; soil water content; Cynodon dactylon; arid zones; dry matter accumulation; crop yield; rain; growth models; Eragrostis curvula; Cenchrus ciliaris; nitrogen fertilizers; Texas
Abstract:
... Models provide a quantitative means to evaluate yield response of forage grasses to applied N and water availability. The objective of this analysis was to estimate model parameters (A, b, c) for bermu. dagrasses and bunchgrasses grown at the same location and during the same time period. The logistic equation was used to relate annual dry matter production to applied N for three bermudagrasses [C ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030004x

12. Management and Environment Effects on Dry Matter Yields of Three Brassica Species

Author:
Wiedenhoeft, M. Hagemann
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 549-553
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
harvest date; interspecific variation; Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis; hybrids; sowing date; soil water content; grazing; air temperature; dry matter accumulation; regrowth; forage; crop yield; Brassica napus; Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera; cold; Maine
Abstract:
... Brassica crops have potential use as a forage during summer, fall, and early winter months. The influence of planting date and harvest date on the initial and regrowth herbage yields for three Brassica species: rape (B. napus L., ‘Winfred’ in 1987 and ‘Emerald’ in 1988 and 1989), turnip (B. rapa L., ‘Purple Top’), and a turnip hybrid (B. rapa × B. pekinensis L., ‘Tyfon’) were investigated. The spe ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030006x

13. Model of Integrated Effects of Boron, Inert Salt, and Water Flow on Crop Yield

Author:
Shani, U.; Hanks, R. J.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 713-717
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Zea mays; simulation models; Hordeum vulgare; phytotoxicity; equations; boron; leaching; soil salinity; growth models; water flow; soil water; crop yield; soil salts; Utah
Abstract:
... High boron concentration in the soil causes yield reduction. Recently, a piecewise linear response curve was applied to describe yield response to B in near steady-state conditions. However, application of similar curves to field situations where water, B, and other ion contents are transient and nonhomogeneous is limited. The objective of this study was to develop a model for simulation of the in ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030036x

14. Nitrification Inhibitor Influences on Potato

Author:
Martin, H. W.; Graetz, D. A.; Locascio, S. J.; Hensel, D. R.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 651-655
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Solanum tuberosum; nitrification; nitrification inhibitors; nitrogen fertilizers; losses from soil; loss prevention; dicyandiamide; nitrapyrin; crop yield; tubers; crop quality; specific gravity; nitrogen; leaves; sandy soils; chemical constituents of plants; Florida
Abstract:
... Nitrification inhibitors may reduce loss of fertilizer N from the root zone by reducing leaching and denitrification. This reduced N loss should be reflected in increased crop yields. These studies were conducted to determine if potato yield, specific gravity, or leaf N at flowering would be increased by use of nitrification inhibitors. Nitrification inhibitors dicyandiamide (DCD) and 2-chloro-6-( ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030024x

15. No-Till Corn Production as Affected by Mulch, Potassium Placement, and Soil Exchangeable Potassium

Author:
Yibirin, H.; Johnson, J. W.; Eckert, D. J.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 639-644
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Zea mays; no-tillage; potassium fertilizers; mulches; exchangeable potassium; crop yield; leaves; nutrient uptake; roots; spatial distribution; corn stover; application rate; grains; chemical constituents of plants; band placement; Ohio
Abstract:
... Optimizing the yield of no-till corn (Zea mays L.) requires an understanding of corn response to K fertilization practices in no-tillage systems. This study was conducted to determine the effects of mulch rate, K-fertilizer placement method, and soil exchangeable K (SEK) concentration on corn grain yield, ear leaf K concentration (ELKC), and root SEK distribution in a no-tillage system. There were ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030022x

16. Plant Growth Regulator Effects on Growth and Forage Quality of Tall Fescue

Author:
Reynolds, J. H.; Krueger, W. A.; Walker, C. L.; Waller, J. C.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 545-548
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
mefluidide; crop quality; Festuca arundinacea; in vitro digestibility; application timing; autumn; fiber content; haloxyfop; spring; forage; crude protein; sexual reproduction; growth retardation; sethoxydim; glyphosate; crop yield; chemical control; heading; Tennessee
Abstract:
... Forage quality of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is low in the spring after heading. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) have been shown to improve forage quality through inhibition of seedhead development. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of fall or spring application of six PGRs on heading, yield, and forage quality of tall fescue. The soil was an Etowah silt loam (fin ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030005x

17. Plant Yields and Fodder Quality Related Characteristics of Millet-Stylo Intercropping Systems in the Sahel

Author:
Kouamé, C. N.; Powell, J. M.; Renard, C. A.; Quesenberry, K. H.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 601-605
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
crop quality; nutritive value; Pennisetum glaucum; dry matter accumulation; Stylosanthes hamata; crop yield; crude protein; grains; Sahel; intercropping; Niger
Abstract:
... The integration of forage legumes into the low-input, cereal-based farming system of the Sahel may be the key to sustaining soil, crop, and livestock production. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of intercropping the forage legumes Stylosanthes fruticosa (Retz.) Alston or S. hamata (L.) Taub. with millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.J on grain yield, fodder yield, and cru ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030015x

18. Residual Effects of Soil Profile Modification on Water Infiltration, Bulk Density, and Wheat Yield

Author:
Unger, Paul W.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 656-659
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; crop yield; site preparation; soil texture; clay loam soils; soil profiles; soil density; bulk density; soil water content; water use efficiency; residual effects; preplanting treatment; grains; Texas
Abstract:
... Fine-textured soils of the Southern High Plains, of which Pullman (fine, mixed, thermic Torrertic Paleustolls) is the dominant series,/ have inherently low water infiltration rates. Pullman soils have a moderately permeable surface horizon overlying and slowly-permeable Bt horizon, which limits deep water penetration, thus hampering water conservation efforts and reducing water-use efficiencies Ib ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030025x

19. Response of Cotton to Varying COz, Irrigation, and Nitrogen: Yield and Growth

Author:
Kimball, B. A.; Mauney, J. R.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 706
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; dry environmental conditions; nitrogen fertilizers; crop yield; harvest index; lint cotton; seeds; dry matter accumulation; water stress; irrigated conditions; source-sink relationships; photosynthesis; carbon dioxide; root shoot ratio; Arizona
Abstract:
... The CO concentration of the atmosphere is increasing and is expected to double sometime near the middle of the next century. To determine the effects of such a CO increase on cotton (L.) growth and productivity, a series of experiments from 1983 through 1987 were conducted with open-top CO-enriched field chambers at ample as well as limiting levels of water and N at Phoenix, AZ. Comparisons with o ...
Handle:
10113/50192
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030035x

20. Simultaneous Selection for Yield and Stability in Crop Performance Trials: Consequences for Growers

Author:
Kang, Manjit S.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 754-757
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
variety trials; Zea mays; probability analysis; crop yield; genotype-environment interaction; data analysis
Abstract:
... Utilization of genotype × environment (GE) interaction encountered in crop performance trials is an important issue among plant breeders and agronomists. Practical integration of yield and stability of performance has not been achieved. The purposes of this paper are (i) to examine consequences to growers when researchers commit Type I (rejecting the null hypothesis or Hₒ when it is true) and Type ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030042x

21. Soil Temperature, Soil Water, and No-Till Corn Development Following In-Row Residue Removal

Author:
Fortin, M.-C.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 571-576
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
height; plant characteristics; Zea mays; no-tillage; crop residues; dry environmental conditions; soil temperature; soil water content; vegetative growth; sexual reproduction; heading; crop yield; grains; conventional tillage; crop residue management; arid zones; Ontario
Abstract:
... In northern areas where corn (Zea mays L.) is grown, no-till plants develop more slowly and, consequently, could be more susceptible to soil water limitations than plants under conventional tillage. This study was conducted to determine if removing in-row residues by pushing them into the interrow can solve problems related to no-till corn development in droughty soils. Residues were removed to pr ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030010x

22. Subsurface Compaction Effects on Tillering and Nitrogen Accumulation in Wheat

Author:
Oussible, M.; Allmaras, R. R.; Wynch, R. D.; Crookston, R. K.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 619-625
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
nitrogen content; stems; tillering; nutrient uptake; crop yield; Triticum aestivum; soil compaction; nitrogen fertilizers; Morocco; Minnesota
Abstract:
... Compaction in the 0.05- to 0.30-m depth may limit tillering and N accumulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.); these effects may be yield reducing. Before imposing compaction treatments in a field study in Minnesota, perforated small-diameter tubing was buried in a Waukegan silt loam (sandy skeletal, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludoll) at a depth of 0.2 m in all plots. Compacted plots each received fou ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030019x

23. Within-Season Calibration of Modeled Wheat Growth Using Remote Sensing and Field Sampling

Author:
Maas, Stephan J.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 669-672
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; growth models; phenology; simulation models; sampling; remote sensing; leaf area index; crop yield; calibration
Abstract:
... Within-season calibration using observations of growth and phenology provides an objective means for crop simulation models to be self-correcting. Estimating crop growth and phenology for a large number of fields by traditional ground-based sampling methods can be undesirably time-consuming. Certain aspects of crop growth can be estimated more quickly for a large number of fields using remote sens ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030028x

24. Yield Responses of Alfalfa to Simulated Alfalfa Weevil Injury and Development of Economic Injury Levels

Author:
Peterson, Robert K. D.; Danielson, Stephen D.; Higley, Leon G.
Source:
Agronomy journal 1993 v.85 no.3 pp. 595-601
ISSN:
0002-1962
Subject:
Medicago sativa; Hypera postica; crop damage; defoliation; regrowth; dry matter accumulation; crop yield; leaves; stems; economic threshold; Nebraska
Abstract:
... Although the alfalfa weevil Hypera postica (Gyilenhal)] is an important alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) pest, relatively little is known about how defoliation at specific plant developmental stages affects yield. This study was conducted to characterize yield responses of alfalfa to simulated alfalfa weevil injury when injury was initiated at the early bud stage of the first growth cycle and to devel ...
DOI:
10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030014x