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You searched for: Journal American journal of clinical nutrition Remove constraint Journal: American journal of clinical nutrition Publication Year 2002 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2002 Source 2002 v.76 no.2 Remove constraint Source: 2002 v.76 no.2
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1. Initial uptake and absorption of nonheme iron and absorption of heme iron in humans are unaffected by the addition of calcium as cheese to a meal with high iron bioavailability

Author:
Roughead, Zamzam, K.; Zito, Carol A.; Hunt, Janet R.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 419
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
dietary minerals; dietary nutrient sources; cheeses; fortified foods; mineral content; calcium; iron; nutrient intake; food conversion; iron absorption; nutrient uptake; heme iron; serosa; humans; erythrocytes
Abstract:
... Background: Quantitative data on the mucosal uptake and serosal transfer of nonheme-iron absorption in humans and the effects of calcium on these components are limited. Objective: Our objective was to measure the initial mucosal uptake and the subsequent serosal transfer of nonheme iron and to determine the effects of adding calcium to a meal on both heme- and nonheme-iron retention. Design: Whol ...
Handle:
10113/46500
PubMed:
12145016

2. Alcoholic beverage preference, diet, and health habits in the UNC Alumni Heart Study

Author:
Barefoot, John C.; Grønbæk, Morten; Feaganes, John R.; McPherson, R. Sue; Williams, Redford B.; Siegler, Ilene C.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 466-472
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
beers; body mass index; cholesterol; cross-sectional studies; drinking; eating habits; education; food groups; healthy diet; heart; income; lifestyle; meat; men; nutrients; vegetables; wines; women
Abstract:
... Background: Moderate alcohol intake is related to better health, and additional benefits may be associated with wine. However, beverage preference may be confounded by lifestyle factors related to health. Objective: The goal was to describe the associations between alcoholic-beverage preferences and indicators of a healthy diet and other health habits. Design: This cross-sectional study included d ...
PubMed:
12145024

3. Angular stomatitis and riboflavin status among adolescent Bhutanese refugees living in southeastern Nepal

Author:
Blanck, Heidi Michels; Bowman, Barbara A.; Serdula, Mary K.; Khan, Laura Kettel; Kohn, William; Woodruff, Bradley A.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 430-435
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
adolescents; clinical examination; erythrocytes; fearfulness; folic acid; glutathione-disulfide reductase; interviews; iron; mouth; odds ratio; riboflavin; surveys; vitamin B12; Bhutan; Nepal
Abstract:
... Background: Between 1990 and 1993, fear of ethnic persecution led 83000 ethnic Nepalese to flee from Bhutan to refugee camps in Nepal, where they remained at the time of this study. Reported cases of angular stomatitis (AS), ie, thinning or fissuring at the mouth angles, increased 6-fold from December 1998 to March 1999, from 5.5 to 35.6 cases per 1000 per month. This increase came after the remov ...
PubMed:
12145018

4. Arginine intake, blood pressure, and the incidence of acute coronary events in men: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study

Author:
Venho, Birgitta; Voutilainen, Sari; Valkonen, Veli-Pekka; Virtanen, Jyrki; Lakka, Timo A.; Rissanen, Tiina H.; Ovaskainen, Marja-Leena; Laitinen, Matti; Salonen, Jukka T.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 359-364
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
arginine; atherosclerosis; body mass index; cohort studies; coronary vessels; dietary supplements; excretion; exercise test; food intake; high density lipoprotein; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; men; metabolites; myocardial ischemia; nicotine; nitric oxide; oxygen; relative risk; risk factors; systolic blood pressure; triacylglycerols; Finland
Abstract:
... Background: Evidence suggests that dietary supplementation of l-arginine, the precursor of nitric oxide, may protect arteries against atherosclerosis. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that dietary arginine intake is associated with a decreased risk of acute coronary events in Finnish men aged 42-60 y. Design: We investigated this association in a prospective cohort study of men who were free of ...
PubMed:
12145007

5. Association of the fatty acid profile of serum lipids with glucose and insulin metabolism during 2 fat-modified diets in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance

Author:
Louheranta, Anne M.; Sarkkinen, Essi S.; Vidgren, Helvi M.; Schwab, Ursula S.; Uusitupa, Matti I.J.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 331-337
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
alpha-linolenic acid; arachidonic acid; blood glucose; blood lipids; dietary fat; fatty acid composition; glucose; glucose tolerance; insulin; oleic acid; phospholipids
Abstract:
... Background: Both the amount and quality of dietary fat can modify glucose and insulin metabolism. Objective: The objective was to examine the relation between serum lipid fatty acids and glucose metabolism before and after the consumption of a diet enriched in either monounsaturated (Mono diet) or polyunsaturated (Poly diet) fatty acids. Design: After consuming a high-saturated-fat run-in diet for ...
PubMed:
12145003

6. Body-composition measurements as predictors of glucose and insulin abnormalities in HIV-positive men

Author:
Meininger, Gary; Hadigan, Colleen; Rietschel, Petra; Grinspoon, Steven
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 460-465
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
abdominal fat; body mass index; computed tomography; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; glucose; glucose tolerance; hyperinsulinemia; insulin; men; models; patients; subcutaneous fat; variance
Abstract:
... Background: Fat redistribution and metabolic abnormalities are seen increasingly in HIV-positive patients. However, the degree to which abnormalities in fat distribution predict glucose and insulin concentrations in these patients remains unknown. Objective: We determined how well measurements of fat distribution derived from anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and computed tomography ...
PubMed:
12145023

7. Changes in LDL particle composition after the consumption of meals containing different amounts and types of fat

Author:
Callow, Joanne; Summers, Lucinda K.M.; Bradshaw, Hilary; Frayn, Keith N.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 345-350
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
cholesteryl esters; dietary fat; fasting; fatty acid composition; lipid content; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; polyunsaturated fatty acids; saturated fatty acids; triacylglycerols
Abstract:
... Background: Remodeling of lipoprotein particles in the postprandial period is considered to be an important source of atherogenic particles, but acute changes occurring after meals have been little studied. Objective: We sought to characterize changes in LDL particle composition occurring after a single meal, with particular reference to potential lipid exchange with particles carrying dietary fat ...
PubMed:
12145005

8. Effect of cyclical intravenous clodronate therapy on bone mineral density and markers of bone turnover in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition

Author:
Haderslev, Kent V.; Tjellesen, Lone; Sorensen, Henrik A.; Staun, Michael
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 482-488
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
biomarkers; bone density; bone resorption; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; intravenous injection; lumbar spine; osteocalcin; osteoporosis; parenteral feeding; patients; risk
Abstract:
... Background: Patients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN) because of intestinal failure are at high risk of developing osteoporosis. Objective: We studied the effect of the bisphosphonate clodronate on bone mineral density (BMD) and markers of bone turnover in HPN patients. Design: A 12-mo, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to study the effect of 1500 mg clodron ...
PubMed:
12145026

9. Effects of high- and low-isoflavone soyfoods on blood lipids, oxidized LDL, homocysteine, and blood pressure in hyperlipidemic men and women

Author:
Jenkins, David J.A.; Kendall, Cyril W.C.; Jackson, Chung-Ja C.; Connelly, Philip W.; Parker, Tina; Faulkner, Dorothea; Vidgen, Edward; Cunnane, Stephen C.; Leiter, Lawrence A.; Josse, Robert G.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 365-372
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
apolipoprotein B; blood; blood lipids; cholesterol; coronary vessels; gender differences; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; homocysteine; isoflavones; low density lipoprotein; low fat dairy products; men; risk; risk factors; soy protein; systolic blood pressure; women
Abstract:
... Background: Many of the benefits of soy have been attributed to soy isoflavones. Objective: The objective was to determine the effects of high- and low-isoflavone soy-protein foods on both lipid and nonlipid risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Forty-one hyperlipidemic men and postmenopausal women participated in a study with three 1-mo diets: a low-fat dairy food control diet ...
PubMed:
12145008

10. Effects of the human apolipoprotein A-I promoter G-A mutation on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism

Author:
Marín, Carmen; López-Miranda, José; Gómez, Purificación; Paz, Elier; Pérez-Martínez, Pablo; Fuentes, Francisco; Jiménez-Perepérez, José Antonio; Ordovás, José María; Pérez-Jiménez, Francisco
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 319-325
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
apolipoprotein A-I; blood; cholesterol metabolism; genes; homozygosity; humans; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; mutation; retinyl palmitate
Abstract:
... Background: There is considerable interindividual variability in the postprandial lipid response to a fat-rich meal, and genetic factors have been considered to account for some of these effects. We previously showed that the G-A mutation 5' to the apolipoprotein (apo) A-I gene was significantly associated with the LDL-cholesterol response to diet. Objective: We evaluated whether this effect is me ...
PubMed:
12145001

11. Evaluating body fat in girls and female adolescents: advantages and disadvantages of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

Author:
Wong, William W.; Hergenroeder, Albert C.; Stuff, Janice E.; Butte, Nancy F.; Smith, E. O'Brian; Ellis, Kenneth J.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 384-389
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
African Americans; adolescents; body fat; body measurements; body water; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; females; girls; humans; mineral content; models
Abstract:
... Background: Within the past 10 y, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has become one of the most widely used methods of measuring human body composition. However, DXA has not been fully evaluated against an independent criterion method of measuring body fatness in young females. Objective: Our objective was to determine the bias and agreement between DXA and a 4-compartment model in predicting ...
PubMed:
12145011

12. Evidence for impaired lipolysis in abdominally obese men: postprandial study of apolipoprotein B-48– and B-100–containing lipoproteins

Author:
Couillard, Charles; Bergeron, Nathalie; Pascot, Agnès; Alméras, Natalie; Bergeron, Jean; Tremblay, Angelo; Prud’homme, Denis; Després, Jean-Pierre
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 311-318
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
abdominal fat; blood; carbohydrates; dietary fat; hypertriglyceridemia; insulin; lipolysis; lipoproteins; men; obesity; surface area; triacylglycerols; visceral fat
Abstract:
... Background: Abdominal obesity has been associated with postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. The contribution of intestinally and hepatically derived lipoproteins to this exaggerated postprandial lipemic response is not known. Objective: We examined the associations between body fatness, fat distribution, and postprandial apolipoprotein (apo) B-48 and apo B-100 concentrations measured in triacylglyce ...
PubMed:
12145000

13. Evidence for lack of absorption of soy isoflavone glycosides in humans, supporting the crucial role of intestinal metabolism for bioavailability

Author:
Setchell, Kenneth D.R.; Brown, Nadine M.; Zimmer-Nechemias, Linda; Brashear, Wayne T.; Wolfe, Brian E.; Kirschner, Abby S.; Heubi, James E.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 447-453
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
absorption; adults; beta-glucosidase; beta-glucuronidase; bioavailability; cell culture; daidzein; daidzin; gas chromatography; genistein; genistin; glycosides; humans; hydrolysis; ingestion; intestinal absorption; ionization; mass spectrometry; metabolism; solid phase extraction; soymilk; sugars
Abstract:
... Background: The isoflavones daidzein and genistein occur naturally in most soyfoods, conjugated almost exclusively to sugars. Controversy exists regarding the extent of bioavailability of isoflavone glycosides, and the mechanism of intestinal absorption of isoflavones in humans is unclear. Evidence from intestinal perfusion and in vitro cell culture studies indicates that isoflavone glycosides are ...
PubMed:
12145021

14. High-fiber oat cereal compared with wheat cereal consumption favorably alters LDL-cholesterol subclass and particle numbers in middle-aged and older men

Author:
Davy, Brenda M.; Davy, Kevin P.; Ho, Richard C.; Beske, Stacy D.; Davrath, Linda R.; Melby, Christopher L.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 351-358
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
blood; blood lipids; cardioprotective effect; dietary fiber; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; insulin resistance; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; men; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; oats; particle size; soluble fiber; triacylglycerols; very low density lipoprotein; wheat
Abstract:
... Background: No studies have examined whether increased consumption of oat cereal, rich in soluble fiber, favorably alters lipoprotein particle size and number. Objective: We examined the effects of large servings of either oat or wheat cereal on plasma lipids, lipoprotein subclasses, lipoprotein particle diameters, and LDL particle number. Design: Thirty-six overweight men aged 50-75 y were random ...
PubMed:
12145006

15. Impaired functioning of thermolabile methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase is dependent on riboflavin status: implications for riboflavin requirements

Author:
McNulty, Helene; McKinley, Michelle C.; Wilson, Barbara; McPartlin, Joseph; Strain, J.J.; Weir, Donald G.; Scott, John M.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 436-441
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
cross-sectional studies; disease prevention; erythrocytes; folic acid; glutathione-disulfide reductase; homocysteine; homozygosity; in vitro studies; issues and policy; metabolism; methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase; riboflavin; risk
Abstract:
... Background: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR; EC 1.7.99.5) supplies the folate needed for the metabolism of homocysteine. A reduction in MTHFR activity, as occurs in the homozygous state for the 677C to T (so-called thermolabile) enzyme variant (TT genotype), is associated with an increase in plasma total homocysteine (tHcy). Objective: In vitro studies suggest that the reduced activity ...
PubMed:
12145019

16. Longitudinal changes in body composition in older men and women: role of body weight change and physical activity

Author:
Hughes, Virginia A.; Frontera, Walter R.; Roubenoff, Ronenn; Evans, William J.; Fiatarone Singh, Maria A
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 473-481
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
fat free mass; men; strength training; weight gain; women
Abstract:
... Background: Estimates of body-composition change in older adults are mostly derived from cross-sectional data. Objective: We examined the natural longitudinal patterns of change in fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) in older adults and explored the effect of physical activity, weight change, and age on these changes. Design: The body composition measured by hydrodensitometry and the level of sp ...
PubMed:
12145025

17. Lysine requirements of healthy adult Indian subjects receiving long-term feeding, measured with a 24-h indicator amino acid oxidation and balance technique

Author:
Kurpad, Anura V.; Regan, Meredith M.; Raj, Tony; El-Khoury, Antoine; Kuriyan, Rebecca; Vaz, Mario; Chandakudlu, Deepak; Venkataswamy, Venna G.; Borgonha, Sudhir; Young, Vernon R.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 404-412
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
Food and Agriculture Organization; World Health Organization; adults; experimental diets; leucine; lysine; oxidation; regression analysis
Abstract:
... Background: The mean lysine requirement of healthy Indian subjects was estimated from short-term experimental diet periods to be 29 mg · kg-1 · d-1, which is higher than the 1985 FAO/WHO/UNU upper requirement of 12 mg · kg-1 · d-1. Objective: Our objective was to confirm our proposed requirement of 29 mg · kg-1 · d-1 by extending the diet period to 21 d and by using 4 test lysine intakes (12, 20, ...
PubMed:
12145014

18. Moderate intakes of intact soy protein rich in isoflavones compared with ethanol-extracted soy protein increase HDL but do not influence transforming growth factor β1 concentrations and hemostatic risk factors for coronary heart disease in healthy subjects

Author:
Sanders, Thomas A.B.; Dean, Tracey S.; Grainger, David; Miller, George J.; Wiseman, Helen
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 373-377
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
apolipoprotein A-I; blood; blood lipids; fasting; fibrinogen; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; isoflavones; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; men; myocardial ischemia; plant estrogens; plasminogen activator; risk factors; soy protein; soybeans; transforming growth factor beta 1; women
Abstract:
... Background: Soybeans contain estrogenic isoflavones that may influence plasma concentrations of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and plasma lipid and hemostatic risk factors for coronary heart disease. Objective: We compared the effects of moderate intakes of soy protein containing intact phytoestrogens (high-isoflavone diet) and soy protein from which most of the phytoestrogens had been ext ...

19. Oxidative DNA damage in human white blood cells in dietary antioxidant intervention studies

Author:
Møller, Peter; Loft, Steffen
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 303-310
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
DNA damage; antioxidant activity; ascorbic acid; carotenoids; carrot juice; eating habits; epidemiological studies; humans; leukocytes; seasonal variation; vitamin E
Abstract:
... Many epidemiologic studies have addressed the possible preventive effects of antioxidants in disease causation and progression. With the use of molecular techniques, it is feasible to investigate specific properties of antioxidants in intervention studies. The most widely used techniques to investigate oxidative DNA damage in white blood cells are the measurement of 7-hydroxy-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosi ...
PubMed:
12144999

20. Plant sterol ester–enriched spread lowers plasma total and LDL cholesterol in children with familial hypercholesterolemia

Author:
Amundsen, Ågot L.; Ose, Leiv; Nenseter, Marit S.; Ntanios, Fady Y.
Source:
American journal of clinical nutrition 2002 v.76 no.2 pp. 338-344
ISSN:
0002-9165
Subject:
alanine transaminase; alpha-tocopherol; apolipoprotein A-I; apolipoprotein B; blood; blood lipids; children; diet; heart; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; humans; hypercholesterolemia; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; lycopene; phytosterols; sterol esters; triacylglycerols; vitamin A
Abstract:
... Background: Naturally occurring plant sterol esters (SEs) favorably affect serum cholesterol concentrations in humans and could aid in the treatment of children with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Objective: We studied the effect of SE-enriched spread on serum lipids, lipoproteins, carotenoids, fat-soluble vitamins, and physiologic variables in children with FH aged 7-12 y. Design: In a rando ...
PubMed:
12145004