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1. Characterization and expression of non‐polymorphic liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 2: LEAP‐2 in the Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica

Author:
Ishige, Taichiro; Hara, Hiromi; Hirano, Takashi; Kono, Tomohiro; Hanzawa, Kei
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1182-1187
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
chickens; liver; innate immunity; amino acid sequences; antimicrobial peptides; tissues; exons; nucleic acids; Coturnix japonica; databases; cysteine; quails
Abstract:
... Liver‐expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP‐2) is a cationic peptide that plays an important role in innate immunity for host defense. The aim of this study was to characterize the LEAP‐2 gene in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Japanese quail LEAP‐2 (CjLEAP‐2) was identified from the Japanese quail draft genome database by a local BLAST analysis using chicken LEAP‐2 (GgLEAP‐2). The exon‐ ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12643

2. Chemical characterization of milk oligosaccharides of the common wombat (Vombatus ursinus)

Author:
Hirayama, Kentaro; Taufik, Epi; Kikuchi, Megumi; Nakamura, Tadashi; Fukuda, Kenji; Saito, Tadao; Newgrain, Keith; Green, Brian; Messer, Michael; Urashima, Tadasu
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1167-1177
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
Macropus eugenii; lactose; milk; possums; spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Previous structural characterizations of marsupial milk oligosaccharides have been performed in the tammar wallaby, red kangaroo, koala, common brushtail possum and the eastern quoll. To clarify the homology and heterogeneity of milk oligosaccharides among marsupial species, which could provide information on their evolution, the oligosaccharides of wombat milk carbohydrate were characterized in t ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12566

3. Correlated responses of respiratory disease and immune capacity traits of Landrace pigs selected for Mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS) lesion

Author:
Okamura, Toshihiro; Maeda, Kouki; Onodera, Wataru; Kadowaki, Hiroshi; Kojima‐Shibata, Chihiro; Suzuki, Eisaku; Uenishi, Hirohide; Satoh, Masahiro; Suzuki, Keiichi
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1099-1105
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
antibody formation; average daily gain; backfat; body weight; breeding value; correlated responses; cortisol; genetic correlation; landraces; lymphocytes; phagocytosis; pneumonia; selection response; sheep; swine
Abstract:
... Five generations of Landrace pigs selected for average daily gain, backfat thickness, Mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS) lesion score, and plasma cortisol levels, was executed to decrease the MPS lesion score. Genetic parameters and correlated genetic responses for respiratory disease and peripheral blood immune traits were estimated in 1395 Landrace pigs. We estimated the negative genetic corre ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12560

4. Diversity and fluctuation in ciliate protozoan population in the rumen of cattle

Author:
Abrar, Arfan; Watanabe, Haruki; Kitamura, Tasuku; Kondo, Makoto; Ban‐Tokuda, Tomomi; Matsui, Hiroki
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1188-1192
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
DNA; DNA fragmentation; DNA primers; Dasytricha; Entodinium; Isotricha; Protozoa; cannulas; cattle; clones; crossbreds; genes; methanogens; monitoring; phylogeny; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA; rumen
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to investigate the diversity and fluctuation in the ciliate protozoan population in the rumen of cattle. DNA was extracted from the rumen of three ruminally cannulated, crossbred cattle and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐derived clone library was constructed, using a specific primer set targeting 18S ribosomal RNA genes of ciliate protozoa. DNA fragments of seven s ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12591

5. Effect of water‐soluble carbohydrate content in orchardgrass pasture on grazing time and rumen fermentation in dairy cows

Author:
Ueda, Koichiro; Mitani, Tomohiro; Kondo, Seiji
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1122-1129
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
Dactylis glomerata; cannulas; carbohydrate content; cultivars; dairy cows; forage; grazing; pastures; rumen fermentation
Abstract:
... Two experiments were conducted to clarify the effect of water‐soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content in orchardgrass pasture on the diurnal distribution of grazing time. Six ruminally cannulated, non‐lactating dairy cows were grazed on either of two pastures with different orchardgrass cultivars containing low WSC (LWSC; cultivar: ‘Hokkai 28’) or high WSC (HWSC; cultivar: ‘Harunemidori’). The cows wer ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12533

6. Effects of a high milk intake during the pre‐weaning period on nutrient metabolism and growth rate in Japanese Black cattle

Author:
Matsubara, Atsuko; Takahashi, Hideyuki; Saito, Akira; Nomura, Aoi; Sithyphone, Khounsaknalath; Mcmahon, Christopher D.; Fujino, Ryoichi; Shiotsuka, Yuji; Etoh, Tetsuji; Furuse, Mitsuhiro; Gotoh, Takafumi
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1130-1136
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
Wagyu; blood; blood glucose; body weight; calves; carnitine; crude protein; genes; glucose; glucose transporters; lipid metabolism; longissimus muscle; messenger RNA; metabolites; milk; milk consumption; milk replacer; nutritional status; skeletal muscle; total dissolved nitrogen
Abstract:
... This study aimed to determine the effects of feeding an increased volume of high‐fat milk during the early post‐natal life on metabolite concentrations in the blood, the expression of key genes regulating intermediary metabolism in the skeletal muscles, and the rate of growth of Japanese Black cattle. All calves were fed a high‐fat milk replacer (crude protein, 26%; crude fat, 25.5%; total dissolv ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12547

7. Effects of blend of canola oil and palm oil on nutrient intake and digestibility, growth performance, rumen fermentation and fatty acids in goats

Author:
Adeyemi, Kazeem Dauda; Sazili, Awis Qurni; Ebrahimi, Mahdi; Samsudin, Anjas Asmara; Alimon, Abd Rasak; Karim, Roselina; Karsani, Saiful Anuar; Sabow, Azad Behnan
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1137-1147
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
Elaeis guineensis; acetates; ammonium nitrogen; bucks; butyrates; canola oil; diet; digestibility; feed conversion; goats; growth performance; methane; muscles; nutrient intake; nutrients; omega-3 fatty acids; omega-6 fatty acids; pH; propionic acid; rumen; rumen fermentation
Abstract:
... The study examined the effects of blend of 80% canola oil and 20% palm oil (BCPO) on nutrient intake and digestibility, growth performance, rumen fermentation and fatty acids (FA) in goats. Twenty‐four Boer bucks were randomly assigned to diets containing 0, 4 and 8% BCPO on a dry matter basis, fed for 100 days and slaughtered. Diet did not affect feed efficiency, growth performance, intake and di ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12549

8. Effects of porcine oocytes on the expression levels of transcripts encoding glycolytic enzymes in granulosa cells

Author:
Matsuno, Yuta; Onuma, Asuka; Fujioka, Yoshie A.; Emori, Chihiro; Fujii, Wataru; Naito, Kunihiko; Sugiura, Koji
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1114-1121
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
follicular fluid; glycolysis; granulosa cells; lactate dehydrogenase; mice; oocytes; phosphofructokinases; swine
Abstract:
... Oocytes play critical roles in regulating the expression of transcripts encoding the glycolytic enzymes phosphofructokinase, platelet (PFKP) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) in granulosa cells in mice, but whether this is the case in pigs or other mammals has not been adequately investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether porcine oocytes regulate the expression levels ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12539

9. Estimation of variance and genomic prediction using genotypes imputed from low‐density marker subsets for carcass traits in Japanese black cattle

Author:
Ogawa, Shinichiro; Matsuda, Hirokazu; Taniguchi, Yukio; Watanabe, Toshio; Sugimoto, Yoshikazu; Iwaisaki, Hiroaki
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1106-1113
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
Wagyu; breeding value; carcass weight; cost effectiveness; genetic variance; genotype; linear models; marbling; prediction; single nucleotide polymorphism; steers; variance
Abstract:
... The influence of genotype imputation using low‐density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker subsets on the genomic relationship matrix (G matrix), genetic variance explained, and genomic prediction (GP) was investigated for carcass weight and marbling score in Japanese Black fattened steers, using genotype data of approximately 40,000 SNPs. Genotypes were imputed using equally spaced SNP su ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12570

10. Glucagon‐related peptides and the regulation of food intake in chickens

Author:
Honda, Kazuhisa
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1090-1098
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
amino acids; anorexia; brain; chickens; energy; food intake; genes; glucagon; glucagon-like peptide 1; glucose; homeostasis; intestines; mammals; neurotransmitters; pancreas; satiety
Abstract:
... The regulatory mechanisms underlying food intake in chickens have been a focus of research in recent decades to improve production efficiency when raising chickens. Lines of evidence have revealed that a number of brain‐gut peptides function as a neurotransmitter or peripheral satiety hormone in the regulation of food intake both in mammals and chickens. Glucagon, a 29 amino acid peptide hormone, ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12619
PubMed:
27150835
PubMed Central:
PMC5084811

11. IARS mutation causes prenatal death in Japanese Black cattle

Author:
Hirano, Takashi; Matsuhashi, Tamako; Takeda, Kenji; Hara, Hiromi; Kobayashi, Naohiko; Kita, Kazuo; Sugimoto, Yoshikazu; Hanzawa, Kei
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1178-1181
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
Wagyu; artificial insemination; calves; crossing; death; fetal death; gestation period; growth retardation; homozygosity; insemination; isoleucine-tRNA ligase; low birth weight; mutation; suckling
Abstract:
... Isoleucyl‐tRNA synthetase (IARS) c.235G > C (p.V79L) is a causative mutation for a recessive disease called IARS disorder in Japanese black cattle. The disease is involved in weak calf syndrome and is characterized by low birth weight, weakness and poor suckling. The gestation period is often slightly extended, implying that intrauterine growth is retarded. In a previous analysis of 2597 artificia ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12639

12. Microtubule assembly crucial to bovine embryonic development in assisted reproductive technologies

Author:
Hochi, Shinichi
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1076-1083
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
alpha-tocopherol; aster (cell structure); blastocyst; cattle; centrosomes; embryogenesis; humans; intracytoplasmic sperm injection; microtubules; mitosis; oocytes
Abstract:
... Centrosome integrity and microtubule network are crucial to the events around fertilization, including pronuclear development, migration and fusion, and the first mitotic division. The present review highlights the importance of bull spermatozoal centrosomes to function as a microtubule‐organizing center for successful fertilization and the subsequent embryonic development. Spermatozoal centrosome ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12621
PubMed:
27169525
PubMed Central:
PMC5084824

13. Perspectives on avian stem cells for poultry breeding

Author:
Kagami, Hiroshi
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1065-1075
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
biotechnology; chickens; chimerism; drugs; embryonic stem cells; livestock breeding; poultry industry; progeny; spermatozoa; transgenic animals
Abstract:
... Stem cells have prulipotency to differentiate into many types of cell lineages. Recent progress of avian biotechnology enabled us to analyze the developmental fate of the stem cells: embryonic stem cells / primordial germ cells (PGCs). The stem cells were identified in the central area of the area pellucida of the stage X blastoderms. These cells could be applied for production of germline chimera ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12620
PubMed:
27169384
PubMed Central:
PMC5084753

14. Relationship of rumen fill and fermentation to diurnal and seasonal variation of herbage intake in dairy cows grazed on perennial ryegrass pasture

Author:
Ueda, Koichiro; Mitani, Tomohiro; Kondo, Seiji
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1148-1156
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
Lolium perenne; Trifolium repens; autumn; cannulas; dairy consumption; dairy cows; digesta; fermentation; forage; grazing; pastures; rumen fluids; seasonal variation; spring; volatile fatty acids
Abstract:
... To clarify the effect of digesta weight in the reticulorumen on diurnal and seasonal fluctuations in herbage intake, six ruminally cannulated, non‐lactating dairy cows were grazed on perennial ryegrass/white clover pasture during morning and evening sessions in spring and autumn. The digesta weight of fresh matter, dry matter (DM) and fiber in the reticulorumen at the beginning and the end of each ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12563

15. Synbiotics suppress the release of lactate dehydrogenase, promote non‐specific immunity and integrity of jejunum mucosa in piglets

Author:
Andrejčáková, Zuzana; Sopková, Drahomíra; Vlčková, Radoslava; Kulichová, Lucia; Gancarčíková, Soňa; Almášiová, Viera; Holovská, Katarína; Petrilla, Vladimír; Krešáková, Lenka
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1157-1166
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
Coronavirinae; Lactobacillus fermentum; Lactobacillus plantarum; additives; blood serum; body temperature; cell membranes; cheeses; dietary supplements; electrophoresis; enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; feces; hematology; histology; immunity; jejunum; lactate dehydrogenase; light microscopy; linseed; monitoring; mucosa; nutrients; omega-3 fatty acids; piglets; probiotics; spectroscopy; weaning
Abstract:
... The aim of our experiment was to study how synbiotics are able to deal with the problems of post‐weaning piglets. Lactobacillus plantarum – Biocenolᵀᴹ LP96 (CCM 7512), Lactobacillus fermentum – Biocenolᵀᴹ LF99 (CCM 7514) and flaxseed (rich in n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) were administered to 36 conventional piglets from a problematic breed with confirmed presence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12558

16. Use of controlled internal drug releasing (CIDR) devices to control reproduction in goats: A review

Author:
Knights, Marlon; Singh‐Knights, Doolarie
Source:
Animal science journal = 2016 v.87 no.9 pp. 1084-1089
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
assisted reproductive technologies; controlled internal drug release devices; drugs; economic feasibility; estrus; goats; gonadotropins; pregnancy rate; production technology; progesterone; reproductive system; secretion; sheep; United States
Abstract:
... High reproductive rates are necessary in order to increase the productivity of goat operations. Progesterone and its analogues are widely used in other species to control the reproductive system to facilitate synchronized births, induce fertile estrus or to facilitate the use of assisted reproductive techniques with the goal of increasing productivity of livestock. Progesterone impregnated control ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12627