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You searched for: Journal name Animals Remove constraint Journal name: Animals Publication year rev 7978-2022 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7978-2022 Source 2022 v.12 no.4 Remove constraint Source: 2022 v.12 no.4
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1. A 16S Next Generation Sequencing Based Molecular and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Identify Processed Meat Products Contamination and Mislabelling

Author:
Nyaradzo Stella Chaora; Khulekani Sedwell Khanyile; Kudakwashe Magwedere; Rian Pierneef; Frederick Tawi Tabit; Farai Catherine Muchadeyi
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Bos; Ovis; Sus; adulterated products; beef; bioinformatics; genes; mitochondria; mitochondrial genome; mutton; pork; processed meat; quality control; ribosomal RNA; sausages; South Africa
Abstract:
... Processed meat is a target in meat adulteration for economic gain. This study demonstrates a molecular and bioinformatics diagnostic pipeline, utilizing the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, to determine processed meat product mislabeling through Next-Generation Sequencing. Nine pure meat samples were collected and artificially mixed at different ratios to verify the specificity and sen ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040416

2. A Comparative Analysis of Metabolic Profiles of Embryonic Skeletal Muscle from Lantang and Landrace Pigs

Author:
Shufang Cai; Tianqi Duo; Xiaoyu Wang; Xian Tong; Chenglong Luo; Yaosheng Chen; Jianhao Li; Delin Mo
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
DNA; NADP-glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; RNA; cell proliferation; energy; energy metabolism; enzyme activity; landraces; longissimus muscle; malate dehydrogenase; metabolites; metabolomics; muscle development; pentose phosphate cycle; pork; pork quality; pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide); skeletal muscle; succinate dehydrogenase (quinone); swine; tricarboxylic acid cycle
Abstract:
... Elucidation of the complex regulation of porcine muscle development is key to increasing pork output and improving pork quality. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in early porcine embryonic muscle development in different pig breeds remain largely unknown. Here, GC–MS based metabolomics and metabolomic profiling was used to examine the longissimus lumborum (LL) of the Lantang (LT) and the ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040420

3. A Review of the Diversity of the Genital Tract Microbiome and Implications for Fertility of Cattle

Author:
Mounir Adnane; Aspinas Chapwanya
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
antibiotics; dysbiosis; endometrium; female genitalia; flora; immunomodulation; males; microbiome; probiotics; semiochemicals
Abstract:
... Cattle have a genital microbiome that is established early in life, even before calving. Microbial influx into the reproductive system of cows, during calving or mating, is unavoidable and is likely to alter the commensal microflora composition. It is now well established that a commensal endometrial flora is largely responsible for the overall fertility of cows. These microbes are important for m ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040460

4. Aggression, Erection, and Masturbation in Feral Pottoka Ponies and Implications for Equine Welfare

Author:
Katherine Grillaert
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
aggression; attitudes and opinions; human behavior; sexual behavior; stallions
Abstract:
... Erection and masturbation in horses are considered unwanted behaviors in training contexts, despite recognition that these are naturally occurring behaviors that are integral to the welfare of male horses. Equestrians, especially those who use positive reinforcement in their training, expressed concern that the presence of such behaviors might be associated with aggressive or sexual behaviors aime ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040421

5. Animal Welfare and Food Safety When Slaughtering Cattle Using the Gunshot Method

Author:
Jan Hultgren; Katrin J. Schiffer; Jakub Babol; Charlotte Berg
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Hereford; animal welfare; beef; blood; consciousness; cortisol; farms; food safety; glucose; herds; lactic acid; meat quality; slaughterhouses
Abstract:
... Transporting cattle from farm to slaughterhouse is often stressful for the animal, which can impair the meat quality. With the gunshot method, the animal is stunned with a rifle shot while together with familiar herd members in their home environment, exsanguinated and transported to a nearby slaughterhouse. Aiming to assess the consequences for animal welfare and food safety, 20 Hereford steers a ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040492

6. Antioxidant Status, Blood Constituents and Immune Response of Broiler Chickens Fed Two Types of Diets with or without Different Concentrations of Active Yeast

Author:
Youssef A. Attia; Hanan Al-Khalaifah; Hatem S. Abd El-Hamid; Mohammed A. Al-Harthi; Salem R. Alyileili; Ali A. El-Shafey
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Avian orthoavulavirus 1; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; alanine transaminase; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; aspartate transaminase; avian influenza; body weight; diet; eosinophils; hematocrit; hemoglobin; heterophils; immune response; lysozyme; malondialdehyde; monocytes; phagocytosis; poultry production; probiotics; yeasts
Abstract:
... Probiotics, such as active yeasts, are widely used to enhance poultry production and reduce feeding costs. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and immune responses of broilers to different concentrations of active Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) when supplemented to two types of diets. A total of 216 1-day-old Arbor Acres unsexed chicks were used in a factorial design, involving two feed ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040453

7. Behavioral Response of Bean Goose (Anser fabalis) to Simulated Ship Noises at Lake

Author:
Sujuan Wang; Lizhi Zhou; Jinzhou Cai; Bo Jiang; Wenbin Xu
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Anser fabalis; acoustics; beans; flight; lakes; water birds
Abstract:
... Wild animals are vulnerable to environmental noise. In wetlands, wintering waterbirds are easily disturbed by ship noises; however, the behavioral changes of waterbirds in response to different levels of noise are unclear. We simulated the acoustic environment created by ship movement to investigate the effects of ship noise on foraging, vigilance, and flight behaviors of the wintering bean goose ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040465

8. Biohydrogenation Pathway of α-Linolenic Acid in Rumen of Dairy Cow In Vitro

Author:
Guoxin Huang; Liya Guo; Meiqing Chen; Xufang Wu; Wenhao Tang; Nan Zheng; Shengguo Zhao; Yangdong Zhang; Jiaqi Wang
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
biohydrogenation; dairy cows; diet; ethanol; fermentation; isomers; milk; rumen
Abstract:
... The t9,c12,c15-C18:3 as an isomer of α-linolenic acid (c9,c12,c15-C18:3; ALA), has been recently detected in milk, but has not been found in the rumen. This study hypothesized that it may be a biohydrogenation product of ALA in rumen and aimed to explore whether it was present in the rumen and help to understand the rumen biohydrogenation mechanisms of ALA. The in vitro experiment included two tre ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040502

9. Chemical Composition and Fatty Acid Profile of the Pectoralis major Muscle in Broiler Chickens Fed Diets with Full-Fat Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal

Author:
Tomasz Daszkiewicz; Daria Murawska; Dorota Kubiak; Jolanta Han
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Hermetia illucens; ash content; broiler chickens; collagen; fatty acid composition; males; meat; muscles; nutritive value; pectoralis muscle; protein sources; soybean meal
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to determine the effect of full-fat Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae meal used as a substitute for 50%, 75% and 100% of soybean meal (SBM) in diets fed to male Ross 308 broiler chickens on the proximate chemical composition and fatty acid profile of the Pectoralis major (PM) muscle. The muscles of chickens fed HI larvae meal were characterized by a higher (p < 0.05) total co ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040464

10. Chitosan Nanoparticles Containing Lipoic Acid with Antioxidant Properties as a Potential Nutritional Supplement

Author:
Katrin Quester; Sarahí Rodríguez-González; Laura González-Dávalos; Carlos Lozano-Flores; Adriana González-Gallardo; Santino J. Zapiain-Merino; Armando Shimada; Ofelia Mora; Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
antioxidant activity; antioxidants; chitosan; diabetes; diet; fibroblasts; fluorescence; half life; intestines; lipoic acid; obesity
Abstract:
... The addition of the antioxidant α-lipoic acid (ALA) to a balanced diet might be crucial for the prevention of comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and obesity. Due to its low half-life and instability under stomach-like conditions, α-lipoic acid was encapsulated into chitosan nanoparticles (Ch-NPs). The resulting chitosan nanoparticles containing 20% w/w ALA (Ch-ALA-NPs) with a ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040417

11. Dairy Cattle Euthanasia—Focus Groups Exploring the Perspectives of Brazilians Working in the Dairy Cattle Industry

Author:
Victoria R. Merenda; Eduardo B. de Oliveira; Heather N. Fowler; Monique D. Pairis-Garcia
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
cattle industry; dairy cattle; euthanasia; farms; focus groups; human-animal relations; humans
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to explore perspectives and attitudes about euthanasia specific to the Brazilian dairy cattle industry. Twenty-five Brazilian citizens (13 veterinarians, 4 animal scientists, 3 professors, 3 researchers, 1 dairy owner, and 1 caretaker) participated in one of three focus groups conducted and recorded online (10, 8, and 7 participants per group). Questions regarding e ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040409

12. Dairy Cow Behavior Is Affected by Period, Time of Day and Housing

Author:
Lisette M. C. Leliveld; Elisabetta Riva; Gabriele Mattachini; Alberto Finzi; Daniela Lovarelli; Giorgio Provolo
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
barns; dairy cows; farm management; farms; microclimate; summer; winter; Italy
Abstract:
... Dairy cow behavior is affected by external and endogenous factors, including time of year, barn microclimate, time of day and housing. However, little is known about the combined effects of these factors. Data were collected on eight farms in Northern Italy during summer, winter and a temperate season. The temperature-humidity index (THI) was recorded using environmental sensors, whereas cow behav ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040512

13. Dead Brood of Apis mellifera Is Removed More Effectively from Small-Cell Combs Than from Standard-Cell Combs

Author:
Piotr Dziechciarz; Grzegorz Borsuk; Krzysztof Olszewski
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Apis mellifera; apiculture; bees; hygiene; nests
Abstract:
... The efficiency of the hygienic behaviour in bee colonies towards dead brood was assessed in small-cell combs (SMCombs) and in standard-cell combs (STCombs). Each colony had both types of combs in the nest on a permanent basis. Simultaneous keeping of a colony on standard- and small-cell combs is a novel approach to the use of small-cell combs in beekeeping. The number of killed pupae removed withi ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040418

14. Dietary Supplementation with a Combination of Fibrolytic Enzymes and Probiotics Improves Digestibility, Growth Performance, Blood Metabolites, and Economics of Fattening Lambs

Author:
Gamal A. Mousa; Masouda A. Allak; Mohamed G. Shehata; Nesrein M. Hashem; Ola G. A. Hassan
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Trifolium alexandrinum; albumins; blood; body weight; crude fiber; crude protein; dietary supplements; digestibility; digestible protein; economics; feed conversion; glucose; growth performance; males; metabolites; organic matter; probiotics; starch; triiodothyronine; weight gain; wheat straw; yeasts
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding different levels of the combination of fibrolytic enzymes and probiotics (a mixture of bacteria and yeast) on the performance of fattening lambs. Thirty-two male Ossimi lambs (weighing 39 ± 0.24 kg) were divided into four groups randomly (eight animals each). The first group (control ration, G1) was fed on a ration of 60% concentrate feed ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040476

15. Effect of Different Water Cooling Treatments on Changes in Rectal and Surface Body Temperature in Leisure Horses after Medium-Intensity Effort

Author:
Iwona Janczarek; Anna Wiśniewska; Ewelina Tkaczyk; Elżbieta Wnuk-Pawlak; Beata Kaczmarek; Marta Liss-Szczepanek; Witold Kędzierski
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
air temperature; body temperature; cooling; exercise; surface temperature; water
Abstract:
... Cooling a horse after intensive exercise under hot conditions is commonly recommended. The study aimed to analyze changes in the rectal and surface temperature of the horses subjected to various water cooling treatments. This followed medium-intensity exercise performed by leisure horses under moderate air temperature. The experiment involved a control group without water application, and three va ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040525

16. Effect of Myostatin Gene Mutation on Slaughtering Performance and Meat Quality in Marchigiana Bulls

Author:
Simone Ceccobelli; Francesco Perini; Maria Federica Trombetta; Stefano Tavoletti; Emiliano Lasagna; Marina Pasquini
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
DNA; beef cattle; carcass weight; colorimetry; genes; genotyping; heterozygosity; loci; longissimus muscle; meat; meat quality; mutation; myostatin; steaks
Abstract:
... The myostatin gene also called Growth Differentiation Factor 8 gene (GDF8) is one of the most investigated loci that can be responsible for several quantitative and qualitative carcass and meat traits in double-muscled beef cattle. The objective of the study was to bring to light the effect of the myostatin polymorphism on slaughtering performance and meat quality in Marchigiana beef cattle. The e ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040518

17. Effect of Steroid Hormones, Prostaglandins (E2 and F2α), Oxytocin, and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha on Membrane Progesterone (P4) Receptors Gene Expression in Bovine Myometrial Cells

Author:
Magdalena K. Kowalik; Karolina Dobrzyn; Jaroslaw Mlynarczuk; Robert Rekawiecki
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
cattle; estradiol; estrous cycle; gene expression; myometrium; oxytocin; pregnancy; progesterone; progesterone receptors; prostaglandins; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... Myometrium tissue shows the expression of non-genomic membrane progesterone (P4) receptors, such as progesterone receptor membrane components (PGRMC) 1 and 2 and membrane progestin receptors (mPR) alpha (mPRα), beta (mPRβ), and gamma (mPRγ). Their variable expression in the bovine uterus during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy suggests that ovarian steroids and luteotropic and/or luteolytic f ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040519

18. Evaluation of Stress Accompanying Immunocontraceptive Vaccination in Donkeys

Author:
Erik W. Peterson; Lorenzo G. T. M. Segabinazzi; Robert O. Gilbert; Don R. Bergfelt; Hilari M. French
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
adjuvants; asses; clinical examination; cortisol; habitat destruction; immunocontraception; injection site; integument; lameness; population growth; swine; vaccination; vaccines; zona pellucida
Abstract:
... The overpopulation of donkeys is recognized as a problem in many parts of the world. The main concerns with uncontrolled donkey populations are habitat degradation and competition for feed resources between donkeys and other species. One of the most effective and humane solutions is the use of immunocontraception. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate the stress imposed by the use of two formul ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040457

19. Genetic Diversity of Creole Sheep Managed by Indigenous Communities of the Central Region of Veracruz, Mexico

Author:
Ruth Guadalupe Castillo-Rodríguez; Obdulia Lourdes Segura-León; Martha Hernández-Rodríguez; Ricardo Serna-Lagunes; Josafhat Salinas-Ruiz; Juan Salazar-Ortiz
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
DNA; analysis of variance; blood; crossing; genetic variation; heterozygosity; homozygosity; microsatellite repeats; models; polyacrylamide; sheep; Mexico
Abstract:
... In the indigenous communities of central Veracruz, herds of creole sheep have been established and managed through traditional practices of crossing, but their genetic characteristics have never been examined in order to evaluate their state of endogamy, and to help the management programs to protect this genetic resource. The objective of the present study was to characterize the genetic diversit ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040456

20. Herd Prevalence Estimation of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Burden in the Three Main Dairy Production Regions of Germany (PraeMAP)

Author:
Susanne Eisenberg; Mette Krieger; Amely Campe; Ingrid Lorenz; Esra Einax; Karsten Donat
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.4 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis; feces; herds; liquid manure; milk production; paratuberculosis; risk; Germany
Abstract:
... On-farm environmental sampling is an effective method for herd-level diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection and between-herd prevalence estimation. So far, no prevalence study enrolling important livestock-farming regions has been conducted. As the structure of dairy farming differs between main livestock-farming regions in Germany, our objective was to assess the b ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12040447