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You searched for: Journal Animals Remove constraint Journal: Animals Publication Year 2021 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2021 Source 2021 v.11 no.5 Remove constraint Source: 2021 v.11 no.5
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1. Annatto seeds as Antioxidants Source with Linseed Oil for Dairy Cows

Author:
Osorio, Jesus A. C.; Daniel, João L. P.; Cabral, Jakeline F.; Almeida, Kleves V.; Guimarães, Karoline L.; Sippert, Micheli R.; Lourenço, Jean C. S.; De Marchi, Francilaine E.; Velho, João P.; Santos, Geraldo T.
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Bixa orellana; Holstein; antioxidant activity; dairy cows; digestibility; fatty acid composition; feed intake; lactose; linseed oil; medium chain fatty acids; milk; milk fat; milk yield; omega-3 fatty acids; short chain fatty acids
Abstract:
... This study aimed to evaluate the effects of annatto seeds, linseed oil and their combination on DMI, apparent total tract digestibility, antioxidant capacity and milk composition of dairy cows. Four lactating Holstein cows (120 ± 43 days in milk; 15.98 ± 2.02 kg of milk/day, mean ± SD) were allocated in a 4 × 4 Latin square with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (with or without annatto seeds at 15 g/ ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051465

2. A Study on the Pathological Effects of Trypanorhyncha Cestodes in Dusky Groupers Epinephelus marginatus from the Canary Islands

Author:
de Sales-Ribeiro, Carolina; Rivero, Miguel A.; Fernández, Antonio; García-Álvarez, Natalia; González, Jorge Francisco; Quesada-Canales, Oscar; Caballero, María José
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Cestoda; Epinephelus marginatus; abdominal cavity; adults; encapsulation; fibrosis; fish health; immune system; intestines; keystone species; marine fish; peritoneum; stomach
Abstract:
... Trypanorhyncha are cestodes commonly infecting marine fish. Numerous studies have detailed the biology of Trypanorhyncha species, but information on the pathological changes produced by these parasites is limited. Dusky groupers are keystone species necessary for the preservation of several marine ecosystems. Considering their vulnerable state of conservation and the efforts being made to culture ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051471

3. Characterization of Alternative Splicing (AS) Events during Chicken (Gallus gallus) Male Germ-Line Stem Cell Differentiation with Single-Cell RNA-seq

Author:
Sun, Changhua; Jin, Kai; Zuo, Qisheng; Sun, Hongyan; Song, Jiuzhou; Zhang, Yani; Chen, Guohong; Li, Bichun
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
; Gallus gallus; cell differentiation; chickens; gene expression; humans; landscapes; male sterility; males; sequence analysis; spermatogonia
Abstract:
... Alternative splicing (AS) is a ubiquitous, co-transcriptional, and post-transcriptional regulation mechanism during certain developmental processes, such as germ cell differentiation. A thorough understanding of germ cell differentiation will help us to open new avenues for avian reproduction, stem cell biology, and advances in medicines for human consumption. Here, based on single-cell RNA-seq, w ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051469

4. Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Fermented Pine Needle Extract on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, and Serum Lipid Parameters in Laying Hens

Author:
Kothari, Damini; Oh, Jong-Seok; Kim, Ju-Hee; Lee, Woo-Do; Kim, Soo-Ki
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Pinus densiflora; antioxidant activity; blood lipids; color; conifer needles; dietary supplements; egg masses; egg production; egg shell; egg yolk color; eggs; feed intake; fermentation; lipid composition; malondialdehyde; metabolites; nutritional intervention
Abstract:
... This study aimed to investigate the supplemental effects of fermented pine (Pinus densiflora) needle extract (FPNE) in laying hen diets on productive performance, egg quality, and serum lipid metabolites. A total of 108 40-week-old Hy-line brown laying hens were randomly assigned to one of the three dietary treatment groups: (1) basal diet + 0 mL FPNE/kg diet (CON), (2) basal diet + 2.5 mL FPNE/kg ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051475

5. Importance and Antimicrobial Resistance of Mycoplasma bovis in Clinical Respiratory Disease in Feedlot Calves

Author:
García-Galán, Ana; Seva, Juan; Gómez-Martín, Ángel; Ortega, Joaquín; Rodríguez, Francisco; García-Muñoz, Ángel; De la Fe, Christian
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Mycoplasma bovis; anti-infective agents; antibiotic resistance; bacteriology; bovine respiratory disease; bronchopneumonia; feedlots; histopathology; immunohistochemistry; minimum inhibitory concentration; pathogens; Spain
Abstract:
... Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an important viral and/or bacterial disease that mainly affects feedlot calves. The involvement of Mycoplasma bovis in BRD can lead to chronic pneumonia poorly responsive to antimicrobial treatment. Caseonecrotic bronchopneumonia is a pulmonary lesion typically associated with M. bovis. In Spain, M. bovis is widely distributed in the feedlots and circulating iso ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051470

6. Microbial Prevalence and Antimicrobial Sensitivity in Equine Endometritis in Field Conditions

Author:
Díaz-Bertrana, María Luisa; Deleuze, Stefan; Pitti Rios, Lidia; Yeste, Marc; Morales Fariña, Inmaculada; Rivera del Alamo, Maria Montserrat
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus; amikacin; antibiotic resistance; apramycin; cefoxitin; cell biology; cephaloridine; drug therapy; endometritis; endometrium; gentamicin; mares; penicillins
Abstract:
... Endometritis is one of the main causes of infertility in mares. In the present study, 363 mares with a history of repetitive infertility, and positive endometrial cytology and/or vaginal discharge were included. An endometrial swab for microbiological purposes plus sensitivity test was obtained from each mare. A positive culture was obtained in 89% of mares. The main isolated genera were Staphyloc ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051476

7. Modeling of Heat Stress in Sows—Part 1: Establishment of the Prediction Model for the Equivalent Temperature Index of the Sows

Author:
Cao, Mengbing; Zong, Chao; Wang, Xiaoshuai; Teng, Guanghui; Zhuang, Yanrong; Lei, Kaidong
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
air; air temperature; conception rate; equations; estrus; heat production; heat stress; heat transfer; models; physiological response; regression analysis; relative humidity; skin temperature
Abstract:
... Heat stress affects the estrus time and conception rate of sows. Compared with other life stages of pigs, sows are more susceptible to heat stress because of their increased heat production. Various indicators can be found in the literature assessing the level of heat stress in pigs. However, none of them is specific to assess the sows’ thermal condition. Moreover, thermal indices are mainly devel ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051472

8. Molecular Diagnosis of Koala Retrovirus (KoRV) in South Australian Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)

Author:
Stephenson, Tamsyn; Speight, Natasha; Low, Wai Yee; Woolford, Lucy; Tearle, Rick; Hemmatzadeh, Farhid
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Phascolarctos cinereus; Retroviridae; lymph nodes; lymphoma; sequence analysis; South Australia
Abstract:
... Koala retrovirus, a recent discovery in Australian koalas, is endogenised in 100% of northern koalas but has lower prevalence in southern populations, with lower proviral and viral loads, and an undetermined level of endogenisation. KoRV has been associated with lymphoid neoplasia, e.g., lymphoma. Recent studies have revealed high complexity in southern koala retroviral infections, with a need to ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051477

9. Myostatin and Related Factors Are Involved in Skeletal Muscle Protein Breakdown in Growing Broilers Exposed to Constant Heat Stress

Author:
Li, Xiumei; Zhang, Minhong; Feng, Jinghai; Zhou, Ying
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
RING finger domains; adverse effects; ammonia; average daily gain; blood serum; breast muscle; corticosterone; excretion; feed conversion; feed intake; gene expression; growth performance; heat stress; males; mammals; muscle protein; muscular atrophy; myostatin; nitrogen; non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase; rapamycin; relative humidity; skeletal muscle; thyroxine; weight gain; wind speed
Abstract:
... Heat stress has an adverse effect on the development of poultry farming, which has always aroused great concern. This study was carried out to investigate the protein breakdown mechanism responsible for the suppressive effect of constant heat stress on muscle growth in growing broilers. A total of 96, 29-day-old, Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly divided into two groups, a thermoneutral cont ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051467

10. Recommendations for Ensuring Good Welfare of Horses Used for Industrial Blood, Serum, or Urine Production

Author:
Manteca Vilanova, Xavier; Beaver, Bonnie; Uldahl, Mette; Turner, Patricia V.
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
blood serum; horses; industry; therapeutics; urine
Abstract:
... Various pharmaceutical products have been derived from horse blood and urine for over a century. Production of biologics and therapeutics from these samples is a niche industry and often occurs in regions with little regulation or veterinary oversight. To ensure good welfare of horses maintained for these purposes, guidance has been developed to support the industry. ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051466

11. Seasonal Activity of Urban Bats Populations in Temperate Climate Zone—A Case Study from Southern Poland

Author:
Kohyt, Joanna; Pierzchała, Ewa; Pereswiet-Soltan, Andrea; Piksa, Krzysztof
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Eptesicus; Myotis; Nyctalus; Pipistrellus; Vespertilio; autumn; case studies; cloud cover; landscapes; phenology; species diversity; spring; summer; temperate zones; temperature; urbanization; vegetation; Poland
Abstract:
... Municipal greenery can mitigate the negative impact of urbanization on biodiversity, including bats, by providing a migration corridor, food base and roosts. Our study aimed to evaluate the species composition and diversity, test the differences in activity between seasons, and identify the atmospheric conditions influencing the bats’ activity in the Planty Park (Cracow). Fieldworks were conducted ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051474

12. Some Examples of the Use of Molecular Markers for Needs of Basic Biology and Modern Society

Author:
Kartavtsev, Yuri Phedorovich
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Internet; biodiversity; databases; drugs; fish; gene flow; genes; introgression; meta-analysis; monophyly; museums; natural resources conservation
Abstract:
... Application of molecular genetic markers appeared to be very fruitful in achieving many goals, including (i) proving the theoretic basements of general biology and (ii) assessment of worldwide biodiversity. Both are provided in the present meta-analysis and a review as the main signal. One of the basic current challenges in modern biology in the face of new demands in the 21st century is the valid ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051473

13. The Binding of Free and Sulfated Androstenone in the Plasma of the Boar

Author:
Bone, Christine; Squires, E. James
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
albumins; boar taint; boars; gel chromatography; slaughter; sulfates
Abstract:
... Androstenone circulates in the plasma bound to albumin before accumulating in the fat, resulting in the development of boar taint. Androstenone sulfate is more abundant in the circulation than free androstenone; however, it is unclear how androstenone sulfate is transported in the plasma and if steroid transport affects the development of boar taint. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to cha ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051464

14. The Effects of Prenatal Supplementation with β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate and/or Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid on the Development and Maturation of Mink Intestines Are Dependent on the Number of Pregnancies and the Sex of the Offspring

Author:
Dobrowolski, Piotr; Muszyński, Siemowit; Donaldson, Janine; Jakubczak, Andrzej; Żmuda, Andrzej; Taszkun, Iwona; Rycerz, Karol; Mielnik-Błaszczak, Maria; Kuc, Damian; Tomaszewska, Ewa
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Neovison vison; absorption; alpha-ketoglutaric acid; dietary supplements; enterocytes; females; histology; intestinal absorption; long term effects; males; metabolism; mink; necropsy; peristalsis; pregnancy; progeny; secretion; small intestine
Abstract:
... Prenatal and postnatal supplementation with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) and alpha-ketoglutaric acid (AKG) affects the development and maturation of offspring. Both substances have the potential to stimulate cell metabolism via different routes. However, parity affects development and may alter the effects of dietary supplementation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of gestational suppl ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051468

15. Alpha-Lipoic Acid as a Nutritive Supplement for Humans and Animals: An Overview of Its Use in Dog Food

Author:
Anthony, Reshma M.; MacLeay, Jennifer M.; Gross, Kathy L.
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
adults; antioxidant activity; antioxidants; body weight; humans; lipoic acid; oral administration; pet foods; systematic review
Abstract:
... Alpha-lipoic acid (a-LA) is used as a nutritive additive in dog food. Therefore, we performed a systematic review of studies published to date in PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and MedlinePlus involving alpha-lipoic acid supplementation, which included human clinical trials as well as animal studies, to evaluate its utility as a supplement in foods for healthy, adult dogs. While an upper ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051454

16. Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus Disease Modelling Review

Author:
Brotto Rebuli, Karina; Giacobini, Mario; Bertolotti, Luigi
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus; arthritis; encephalitis; goats; milk production; risk factors
Abstract:
... Mathematical modelling is used in disease studies to assess the economical impacts of diseases, as well as to better understand the epidemiological dynamics of the biological and environmental factors that are associated with disease spreading. For an incurable disease such as Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE), this knowledge is extremely valuable. However, the application of modelling techniqu ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051457

17. Characterization of Microbiome on Feces, Blood and Milk in Dairy Cows with Different Milk Leucocyte Pattern

Author:
Scarsella, Elisa; Zecconi, Alfonso; Cintio, Michela; Stefanon, Bruno
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Clostridium; Enterobacteriaceae; Mycoplasma; Olsenella; crossing; digestive tract; feces composition; immune response; mammary glands; microbiome; milk; neutrophils; permeability; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; risk; somatic cell count; species diversity
Abstract:
... Mastitis is an inflammatory disease of the mammary gland, caused by the invasion of microorganism on this site, associated with an altered immune response. Recent studies in this field hypothesize that the origin of these pathogens can also be from the gastrointestinal tract, through the entero-mammary pathway in relation to an increase in gut permeability. In this study, we wanted to investigate ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051463

18. Comparison of Performance, Egg Quality, and Yolk Fatty Acid Profile in Two Turkish Genotypes (Atak-S and Atabey) in a Free-Range System

Author:
Sözcü, Arda; İpek, Aydın; Oguz, Züleyha; Gunnarsson, Stefan; Riber, Anja B.
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
egg production; egg quality; egg yolk; eggs; fatty acid composition; genotype
Abstract:
... Consumer interest in buying eggs from animal welfare-friendly systems with outdoor access is increasing, leading to an increase in the need for knowledge on genotypes suitable for free-range systems. Two Turkish laying hen genotypes, Atak-S (brown, n = 210) and Atabey (white, n = 210), were reared in a free-range system from 19–72 weeks of age, and their suitability for the system was assessed bas ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051458

19. Cost of Coexisting with a Relict Large Carnivore Population: Impact of Apennine Brown Bears, 2005–2015

Author:
Galluzzi, Andrea; Donfrancesco, Valerio; Mastrantonio, Gianluca; Sulli, Cinzia; Ciucci, Paolo
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Ursus arctos; carnivores; environmental policy; national parks; predation; sheep; summer; Italy
Abstract:
... Human-carnivore conflicts are a major conservation issue. As bears are expanding their range in Europe’s human-modified landscapes, it is increasingly important to understand, prevent, and address human-bear conflicts and evaluate mitigation strategies in areas of historical coexistence. Based on verified claims, we assessed costs, patterns, and drivers of bear damages in the relict Apennine brown ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051453

20. Deathly Silent: Exploring the Global Lack of Data Relating to Stranded Cetacean Euthanasia

Author:
Boys, Rebecca M.; Beausoleil, Ngaio J.; Betty, Emma L.; Stockin, Karen A.
Source:
Animals 2021 v.11 no.5
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
Cetacea; data collection; death; euthanasia; marine mammals; New Zealand; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... The compromised state of stranded cetaceans means that euthanasia is often required. However, current knowledge and implementation of euthanasia methods remain highly variable, with limited data on the practicalities and welfare impacts of procedures. This study evaluated the available published data on cetacean euthanasia, highlighting knowledge gaps and providing direction to improve stranded ce ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani11051460