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You searched for: Journal name Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism Remove constraint Journal name: Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism Publication year rev 7988-2012 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7988-2012 Source 2012 v.37 no.5 Remove constraint Source: 2012 v.37 no.5
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1. Alterations in energy balance following exenatide administration

Author:
David P. Bradley; Roger Kulstad; Natalie Racine; Yoram Shenker; Melissa Meredith; Dale A. Schoeller
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 893-899
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
body mass index; drug therapy; energy intake; females; glucagon-like peptide 1; glycemic effect; lean body mass; males; metabolism; physical activity; resting metabolic rate; secretin; weight loss
Abstract:
... Exenatide is a medication similar in structure and effect to native glucagon-like peptide-1, an incretin hormone with glucose-lowering properties. The aim of the study was to measure the change in total energy expenditure (TEE) and body composition during exenatide administration and by deduction the relative contributions of energy expenditure and energy intake to exenatide-induced weight loss. F ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-068
PubMed:
22735035
PubMed Central:
PMC3623676

2. Are H-reflex and M-wave recruitment curve parameters related to aerobic capacity?

Author:
Julien Piscione; Jean-François Grosset; Didier Gamet; Chantal Pérot
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 990-996
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
males; men; metabolism; muscle fibers; nutrition; oxygen consumption
Abstract:
... Soleus Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) amplitude is affected by a training period and type and level of training are also well known to modify aerobic capacities. Previously, paired changes in H-reflex and aerobic capacity have been evidenced after endurance training. The aim of this study was to investigate possible links between H- and M-recruitment curve parameters and aerobic capacity collected on ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-078

3. Body heat storage during intermittent work in hot–dry and warm–wet environments

Author:
Jill M. Stapleton; Heather E. Wright; Stephen G. Hardcastle; Glen P. Kenny
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 840-849
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
calorimetry; clothing; cotton; environmental factors; exercise; heart rate; heat production; heat stress; heat transfer; males; metabolism; nutrition; relative humidity; temperature
Abstract:
... We examined heat balance using an American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists threshold limit value allocated exercise protocol in hot–dry (HD; 46 °C, 10% relative humidity (RH)) and warm–wet (WW; 33 °C, 60% RH) environments of equivalent WBGT (29 °C) for different clothing ensembles. Whole-body heat exchange and changes in body heat content (ΔHb) were measured using simultaneous dir ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-053

4. Effects of 2 different prior endurance exercises on whole-body fat oxidation kinetics: light vs. heavy exercise

Author:
Xavier Chenevière; Fabio Borrani; David Droz; Boris Gojanovic; Davide Malatesta
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 955-964
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
calorimetry; equations; exercise; lipid metabolism; men; nutrition
Abstract:
... This study aimed to compare the effects of 2 different prior endurance exercises on subsequent whole-body fat oxidation kinetics. Fifteen men performed 2 identical submaximal incremental tests (Incr2) on a cycle ergometer after (i) a ∼40-min submaximal incremental test (Incr1) followed by a 90-min continuous exercise performed at 50% of maximal aerobic power-output and a 1-h rest period (Heavy); a ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-076

5. Postexercise cooling interventions and the effects on exercise-induced heat stress in a temperate environment

Author:
Christophe Hausswirth; Rob Duffield; Hervé Pournot; François Bieuzen; Julien Louis; Jeanick Brisswalter; Olivier Castagna
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 965-975
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
bicarbonates; bicycling; blood sampling; cooling; exercise; heart rate; heat stress; lactic acid; males; metabolism; nutrition; oxygen; pH; skin temperature; sodium
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to examine the effects of cool water immersion (20 °C; CWI) while wearing a cooling jacket (Cryovest;V) and a passive control (PAS) as recovery methods on physiological and thermoregulatory responses between 2 exercise bouts in temperate conditions. Nine well-trained male cyclists performed 2 successive bouts of 45 min of endurance cycling exercise in a temperate environm ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-077

6. Total and femoral neck bone mineral density and physical activity in a sample of men and women

Author:
Sarah M. Camhi; Peter T. Katzmarzyk
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 947-954
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
African Americans; adults; body fat; bone density; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; femur; lean body mass; linear models; longitudinal studies; men; menopause; metabolism; nutrition; physical activity; questionnaires; sports; women
Abstract:
... Physical activity (PA), total body fat (TBF), and lean body mass (LBM) are associated with bone mineral density (BMD). However, the independent influence of PA on BMD, while controlling for body composition is not understood as well and is the purpose of the current study. Whole-body BMD (g·cm–²), femoral neck BMD (g·cm–²), TBF (kg), and LBM (kg) were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-075
PubMed:
22823076
PubMed Central:
PMC4355953

7. Vaccenic acid in serum triglycerides is associated with markers of insulin resistance in men

Author:
Michael A. Zulyniak; Jessica C. Ralston; Amy J. Tucker; Kathy A. MacKay; Lyn M. Hillyer; Paul D. McNicholas; Terry E. Graham; Lindsay E. Robinson; Alison M. Duncan; David W.L. Ma; David M. Mutch
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 1003-1007
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
blood serum; correlation; fatty acid composition; insulin; insulin resistance; men; metabolic diseases; metabolism; nutrition; triacylglycerols; vaccenic acid
Abstract:
... Serum triglyceride levels are associated with metabolic disorders; however, it remains unclear whether the fatty acid (FA) composition of triglycerides is also changed. Although there were no differences in circulating triglyceride levels between normoglycaemic–normoinsulinaemic and hyperglycaemic–hyperinsulinaemic men, inspection of individual FA revealed that vaccenic acid was enriched with hype ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-081

8. A critical evaluation of body composition modalities used to assess adipose and skeletal muscle tissue in cancer

Author:
Katie M. Di Sebastiano; Marina Mourtzakis
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 811-821
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
adipose tissue; bioelectrical impedance; body composition; breast neoplasms; cachexia; colorectal neoplasms; comorbidity; drug therapy; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; guidelines; magnetic resonance imaging; metabolism; muscles; nutrition; patients; prostatic neoplasms; risk; skeletal muscle; survival rate; tomography
Abstract:
... The majority of cancer patients experience some form of body composition change during the disease trajectory. For example, breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy gain fat and lose skeletal muscle, which are associated with increased risk of cancer recurrence and clinical comorbidities. In contrast, advanced cancer patien ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-079

9. Assessment of red blood cell glutathione status in insulin resistance

Author:
Jose E. Galgani; Karla Vasquez; Giannella Leonelli; Alejandra Espinosa; Hector Araya; Francisco Perez-Bravo
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 997-1002
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
blood glucose; blood sampling; erythrocytes; fasting; glucose; glutathione; hyperinsulinemia; ingestion; insulin; insulin resistance; metabolism; nutrition
Abstract:
... The aim of this study was to assess red blood cell glutathione from insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals before and after an oral glucose dose. Fifteen healthy, young (24 ± 5 years), nonobese (23 ± 2 kg·m–²), insulin-sensitive (ISI composite = 6.0 ± 1.2) individuals and 14 healthy, young (22 ± 2 years), nonobese (24 ± 2 kg·m–²), insulin-resistant (ISI composite = 2.7 ± 1.1) individu ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-086

10. Beverage patterns among Canadian children and relationship to overweight and obesity

Author:
Adrienne D. Danyliw; Hassanali Vatanparast; Nooshin Nikpartow; Susan J. Whiting
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 900-906
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
Canadians; adolescents; boys; children; cluster analysis; confidence interval; data analysis; females; food intake; fruit drinks; health surveys; juices; males; metabolism; milk; obesity; odds ratio; regression analysis; risk; soft drinks
Abstract:
... Sweetened beverage intake has risen in past decades, along with a rise in prevalence of overweight and obesity among children. Our objective was to examine the relationship between beverage intake patterns and overweight and obesity among Canadian children. Beverage intake patterns were identified by cluster analysis of data from the cross-sectional Canadian Community Health Survey 2.2. Intake dat ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-074

11. Blood platelet-derived microparticles release and bubble formation after an open-sea air dive

Author:
Jean-Michel Pontier; Emmanuel Gempp; Mihaela Ignatescu
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 888-892
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
air; animal models; apoptosis; blood platelet count; blood platelets; blood sampling; coagulation; endothelial cells; humans; leukocytes; metabolism; microparticles; nutrition; platelet aggregation
Abstract:
... Bubble-induced platelet aggregation offers an index for evaluating decompression severity in humans and in a rat model of decompression sickness. Endothelial cells, blood platelets, or leukocytes shed microparticles (MP) upon activation and during cell apoptosis. The aim was to study blood platelet MP (PMP) release and bubble formation after a scuba-air dive in field conditions. Healthy, experienc ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-067

12. DHA supplementation enhances high-frequency, stimulation-induced synaptic transmission in mouse hippocampus

Author:
Steve Connor; Gustavo Tenorio; Michael Tom Clandinin; Yves Sauvé
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 880-887
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
diet study techniques; dietary supplements; docosahexaenoic acid; electrical treatment; hippocampus; memory; metabolism; mice; neuroplasticity; synapse; synaptic transmission
Abstract:
... While some studies on dietary supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) have reported a beneficial effect on memory as a function of age, others have failed to find any effect. To clarify this issue, we sought to determine whether supplementing mice with a DHA-enriched diet could alter the ability of synapses to undergo activity-dependent changes in the hippocampus, a brain structur ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-062

13. Dehydration decreases saliva antimicrobial proteins important for mucosal immunity

Author:
Matthew B. Fortes; Bethany C. Diment; Umberto Di Felice; Neil P. Walsh
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 850-859
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
alpha-amylase; antimicrobial proteins; exercise; heat; immunoglobulin A; lysozyme; metabolism; mucosal immunity; nutrition; osmolality; rehydration; saliva; secretion; specific gravity; urine
Abstract:
... The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of exercise-induced dehydration and subsequent overnight fluid restriction on saliva antimicrobial proteins important for host defence (secretory IgA (SIgA), α-amylase, and lysozyme). On two randomized occasions, 13 participants exercised in the heat, either without fluid intake to evoke progressive body mass losses (BML) of 1%, 2%, and 3% with su ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-054

14. Effect of short-term exercise training on intramyocellular lipid content

Author:
Sudip Bajpeyi; Melissa A. Reed; Sara Molskness; Christopher Newton; Charles J. Tanner; Jennifer S. McCartney; Joseph A. Houmard
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 822-828
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
body mass index; exercise; glycogen; lipid content; lipids; metabolism; muscles; noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; nutrition; population characteristics; staining
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of exercise training on intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content and test the hypothesis that the effect of endurance-oriented exercise training on IMCL is dependent on characteristics of the population studied. Lean (N = 11, body mass index (BMI) = 22.2 ± 0.7 kg·m–²), obese (N = 14, BMI = 38.8 ± 1.7 kg·m–²), and type 2 diabetic (N = 9, BMI = ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-051
PubMed:
22691059
PubMed Central:
PMC3589127

15. Effects of high molecular weight alcohols from sugar cane fed alone or in combination with plant sterols on lipid profile and antioxidant status of Wistar rats

Author:
David D. Kitts; Aneta Kopec; Jerzy Zawistowski; David G. Popovich
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 938-946
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
C-reactive protein; blood lipids; blood serum; diet; erythrocytes; high density lipoprotein; lipid composition; low density lipoprotein cholesterol; metabolism; molecular weight; oxidative stress; phytosterols; rats; reactive oxygen species; sugarcane
Abstract:
... The effect of feeding a mixture of high molecular weight alcohols derived from sugarcane (SCA), both alone and in combination with phytosterols (PS), on changes in plasma lipids, organ cholesterol accumulation, and antioxidant status of Wistar rats was undertaken. Three separate experiments were conducted and each experiment had 3 subsets. In experiment 1, rats were fed on an AIN-76, semi-syntheti ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-072

16. Estimated times to exhaustion and power outputs at the gas exchange threshold, physical working capacity at the rating of perceived exertion threshold, and respiratory compensation point

Author:
Haley C. Bergstrom; Terry J. Housh; Jorge M. Zuniga; Clayton L. Camic; Daniel A. Traylor; Richard J. Schmidt; Glen O. Johnson
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 872-879
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
females; gas exchange; lactic acid; males; metabolism; nutrition; oxygen consumption; potassium
Abstract:
... The purposes of this study were to compare the power outputs and estimated times to exhaustion (Tₗᵢₘ) at the gas exchange threshold (GET), physical working capacity at the rating of perceived exertion threshold (PWCRPE), and respiratory compensation point (RCP). Three male and 5 female subjects (mean ± SD: age, 22.4 ± 2.8 years) performed an incremental test to exhaustion on an electronically brak ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-057

17. Examination of the Moxus Modular Metabolic System by the Douglas-bag technique

Author:
Jon Ingulf Medbø; Asgeir Mamen; Fernando G. Beltrami
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 860-871
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
air; computer software; metabolism; nutrition; oxygen
Abstract:
... The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of the Moxus Modular Metabolic System from AEI Technologies, Inc. using the Douglas-bag method as reference. To achieve this, eight moderately trained subjects cycled for 5 min at constant powers from 50 to 300 W in increments of 50 W. The O₂ uptake was measured simultaneously by both systems during the last minute of each stage. The O₂ upta ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-056

18. Extremely short duration high-intensity training substantially improves endurance performance in triathletes

Author:
John Jakeman; Simon Adamson; John Babraj
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 976-981
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
athletes; blood; blood sampling; body mass index; lactic acid; metabolism; nutrition
Abstract:
... High-intensity training (HIT) involving 30-s sprints is an effective training regimen to improve aerobic performance. We tested whether 6-s HITs can improve aerobic performance in triathletes. Six subelite triathletes (age, 40 ± 9 years; weight, 86 ± 11 kg; body mass index, 26 ± 3 kg·m–²) took part in cycle HIT and 6 endurance-trained subelite athletes (age, 36 ± 9 years; weight, 82 ± 11 kg; BMI, ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-083

19. Habitual aerobic exercise increases plasma pentraxin 3 levels in middle-aged and elderly women

Author:
Asako Miyaki; Seiji Maeda; Youngju Choi; Nobuhiko Akazawa; Yoko Tanabe; Ryuichi Ajisaka
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 907-911
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
anti-inflammatory activity; blood chemistry; cardiovascular diseases; compliance; elderly; exercise; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; inflammation; metabolism; middle-aged adults; morbidity; nutrition; oxygen; postmenopause; risk factors; walking; women
Abstract:
... Chronic inflammation that occurs with aging is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Regular exercise may prevent cardiovascular morbidity by decreasing chronic systematic inflammation. Additionally, excess inflammation can be reduced by the anti-inflammatory protein pentraxin 3 (PTX3). Thus, both habitual exercise and PTX3 have an anti-inflammatory effect. However, it is unclear whe ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-069

20. Hydration status and fluid and sodium balance in elite Canadian junior women’s soccer players in a cool environment

Author:
Jennifer C. Gibson; Lynneth A. Stuart-Hill; Wendy Pethick; Catherine A. Gaul
Source:
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 2012 v.37 no.5 pp. 931-937
ISSN:
1715-5320
Subject:
adolescents; athletes; body water; correlation; electrolytes; females; guidelines; metabolism; nutrition; relative humidity; sodium; specific gravity; sports; sweat; temperature; urine; women
Abstract:
... Dehydration can impair mental and on-field performance in soccer athletes; however, there is little data available from the female adolescent player. There is a lack of research investigating fluid and electrolyte losses in cool temperatures. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the pretraining hydration status, fluid balance, and sweat sodium loss in 34 female Canadian junior e ...
DOI:
10.1139/h2012-073