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You searched for: Journal name Applied energy Remove constraint Journal name: Applied energy Publication year rev 7984-2016 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7984-2016
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1. A MPC approach for optimal generation scheduling in CSP plants

Author:
Manuel Jesús Vasallo; José Manuel Bravo
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.165 pp. 357-370
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
electricity; electricity costs; markets; sales; solar energy; thermal energy; weather forecasting
Abstract:
... Thermal energy storage (TES) systems allow concentrated solar power (CSP) producers to participate in a day-ahead market. Therefore, the optimal power scheduling problem can be posed, whose objective is the maximization of profits derived from electricity sales. The daily generation schedule has to be offered in advance, usually the previous day before a certain time, thus an electricity price and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.092

2. A Pareto-based multi-objective optimization algorithm to design energy-efficient shading devices

Author:
Marina Khoroshiltseva; Debora Slanzi; Irene Poli
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.184 pp. 1400-1410
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
algorithms; climate; energy efficiency; lighting; shade; solar radiation
Abstract:
... In this paper we address the problem of designing new energy-efficient static daylight devices that will surround the external windows of a residential building in Madrid. Shading devices can in fact largely influence solar gains in a building and improve thermal and lighting comforts by selectively intercepting the solar radiation and by reducing the undesirable glare. A proper shading device can ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.015

3. A Technology Selection and Operation (TSO) optimisation model for distributed energy systems: Mathematical formulation and case study

Author:
Dagoberto Cedillos Alvarado; Salvador Acha; Nilay Shah; Christos N. Markides
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.180 pp. 491-503
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
buildings; carbon; case studies; emissions; energy; energy costs; heat; mathematical models; stakeholders
Abstract:
... This paper presents a model which simultaneously optimises the selection and operation of technologies for distributed energy systems in buildings. The Technology Selection and Operation (TSO) model enables a new approach for the optimal selection and operation of energy system technologies that encompasses whole life costing, carbon emissions as well as real-time energy prices and demands; thus, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.013

4. A bibliometric analysis based review on wind power price

Author:
Cuixia Gao; Mei Sun; Yong Geng; Rui Wu; Wei Chen
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.182 pp. 602-612
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
bibliometric analysis; energy; fossil fuels; fuel combustion; prices; researchers; wind power; Europe; United States
Abstract:
... With the increasing negative effects of fossil fuel combustion, many countries have paid more attention on supporting environmentally friendly energy generation, particularly renewable and sustainable energy sources (RES). However, renewables still cannot economically compete with fossil-fuels and are facing new challenges. Appropriate electricity pricing mechanism plays a vital role on mitigating ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.144

5. A blueprint for an energy policy in Greece with considerations of climate change

Author:
Kalliopi Chatzizacharia; Vasilis Benekis; Dimitris Hatziavramidis
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 382-389
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
carbon dioxide; climate; energy; energy policy; global warming; greenhouse gas emissions; lignite; prediction; rain; solar collectors; system optimization; temperature; time series analysis; wind turbines; Greece
Abstract:
... An approach for a plan to meet the energy needs of the state of Greece in conjunction with assumed responsibilities to confront global warming is presented. Time series of climate indicators like average temperature and rain precipitation together with energy consumption and CO2 emissions are examined for stationarity and causality. Predictions of energy needs for the next 25years and CO2 emission ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.087

6. A city scale degree-day method to assess building space heating energy demands in Strasbourg Eurometropolis (France)

Author:
M. Kohler; N. Blond; A. Clappier
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.184 pp. 40-54
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air temperature; buildings; energy; heat; heat island; heat sums; insulating materials; methodology; models; France
Abstract:
... Efficient strategies are required to reduce space heating energy demands in buildings at city scale. Models taking into account the dynamic of the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon may be useful tools to help urban planners in this task. In this paper, we propose a new methodology to assess the energy demands for space heating in buildings at city scale: a degree-day method is applied, coupled wi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.09.075

7. A comparative study between a Rankine cycle and a novel intra-cycle based waste heat recovery concepts applied to an internal combustion engine

Author:
Robert Morgan; Guangyu Dong; Angad Panesar; Morgan Heikal
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.174 pp. 108-117
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air; air flow; combustion; energy conversion; fuels; heat recovery; internal combustion engines; methodology; models; wastes
Abstract:
... A novel intra-cycle waste heat recovery (ICWHR) methodology, applied to an internal combustion engine is presented in this study. Through a split type thermodynamic cycle design, quasi-isothermal compression of the charge air and isobaric combustion of the air/fuel mixture can be performed separately in two chambers. Within such a design, the exhaust heat can be recovered to the intake air flow be ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.026

8. A comparative study energy consumption and costs of battery electric vehicle transmissions

Author:
Jiageng Ruan; Paul Walker; Nong Zhang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.165 pp. 119-134
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
batteries; commercialization; consumers (people); energy; prices; researchers; transmission systems; vehicles (equipment)
Abstract:
... Despite the long-term benefit of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) to customers and environment, the initial cost and limited driving range present significant barriers for wide spread commercialization. The integration of multi-speed transmissions to BEVs’ powertrain systems in place of fixed ratio reduction transmissions is considered as a feasible method to improve powertrain efficiency and exte ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.081

9. A comparison and accuracy analysis of impedance-based temperature estimation methods for Li-ion batteries

Author:
H.P.G.J. Beelen; L.H.J. Raijmakers; M.C.F. Donkers; P.H.L. Notten; H.J. Bergveld
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.175 pp. 128-140
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
lithium batteries; Monte Carlo method; experimental design; dielectric spectroscopy; temperature
Abstract:
... In order to guarantee safe and proper use of Lithium-ion batteries during operation, an accurate estimate of the battery temperature is of paramount importance. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) can be used to estimate the battery temperature and several EIS-based temperature estimation methods have been proposed in the literature. In this paper, we argue that all existing EIS-based met ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.103

10. A comprehensive review on advances and applications of industrial heat pumps based on the practices in China

Author:
Jing Zhang; Hong-Hu Zhang; Ya-Ling He; Wen-Quan Tao
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.178 pp. 800-825
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
absorption; drying; energy; energy recovery; engineering; heat; heat pumps; industry; oil fields; petroleum; sludge; temperature; wastewater; China
Abstract:
... An industrial heat pump can upgrade heat from a low temperature level to a high temperature level with the aid of an external energy source. It has received considerable attention as an efficient means of waste energy recovery in the recent years in China. This paper summarizes the research work done and advances in the application of industrial heat pump systems in China, including advances in re ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.049

11. A comprehensive review on energy efficiency enhancement initiatives in centrifugal pumping system

Author:
Vishnu Kalaiselvan Arun Shankar; Subramaniam Umashankar; Shanmugam Paramasivam; Norbert Hanigovszki
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.181 pp. 495-513
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
centrifugal pumps; energy conservation; energy efficiency; energy policy; environmental impact; global warming; ozonosphere
Abstract:
... The energy consumption across the globe is increasing at an alarming rate. This has already shown its impact in the depletion of energy sources and environmental issues (global warming, and weakening of the ozone layer). Certainly, this escalating tendency of energy insufficiency will get aggravated in the future. Efficiency enhancement initiatives are considered to be the key solution in reducing ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.070

12. A data-driven approach for characterising the charging demand of electric vehicles: A UK case study

Author:
Erotokritos Xydas; Charalampos Marmaras; Liana M. Cipcigan; Nick Jenkins; Steve Carroll; Myles Barker
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 763-771
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
case studies; meteorological data; models; relative risk; vehicles (equipment); United Kingdom
Abstract:
... As the number of electric vehicles increases, the impact of their charging on distribution networks is being investigated using different load profiles. Due to the lack of real charging data, the majority of these load impact studies are making assumptions for the electric vehicle charging demand profiles. In this paper a two-step modelling framework was developed to extract the useful information ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.151

13. A design approach for integrating thermoelectric devices using topology optimization

Author:
S. Soprani; J.H.K. Haertel; B.S. Lazarov; O. Sigmund; K. Engelbrecht
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.176 pp. 49-64
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
electronics; energy conversion; heat tolerance; heat transfer; insulating materials; models; oil fields; temperature; topology
Abstract:
... Efficient operation of thermoelectric devices strongly relies on the thermal integration into the energy conversion system in which they operate. Effective thermal integration reduces the temperature differences between the thermoelectric module and its thermal reservoirs, allowing the system to operate more efficiently. This work proposes and experimentally demonstrates a topology optimization ap ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.024

14. A dual-scale analysis of a desiccant wheel with a novel organic–inorganic hybrid adsorbent for energy recovery

Author:
Huang-Xi Fu; Li-Zhi Zhang; Jian-Chang Xu; Rong-Rong Cai
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.163 pp. 167-179
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
adsorbents; adsorption; air; buildings; desiccants; durability; energy recovery; heat transfer; information exchange; mass transfer; models; molecular dynamics; silica gel; ventilation systems; wheels
Abstract:
... Desiccant wheels have been extensively used for energy recovery of ventilation air from buildings. Performance of these wheels is influenced by many factors like the material properties, wheel matrix structures, operating conditions and fluid parameters. Previous studies only involved the macro-scale heat and mass transfer in the wheels and the system performance, by neglecting the micro-scale pro ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.175

15. A dynamic capacity degradation model and its applications considering varying load for a large format Li-ion battery

Author:
Minggao Ouyang; Xuning Feng; Xuebing Han; Languang Lu; Zhe Li; Xiangming He
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.165 pp. 48-59
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
accelerated aging; lithium batteries; longevity; models; prediction; reaction kinetics; systems engineering
Abstract:
... The capacity degradation of the lithium ion battery should be well predicted during battery system design. Therefore, high-fidelity capacity degradation models that are suitable for the task of capacity prediction are required. This paper proposes a novel capacity degradation model that can simulate the degradation dynamics under varying working conditions for large-format lithium ion batteries. T ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.063

16. A finite element model for estimating the techno-economic performance of the building-integrated photovoltaic blind

Author:
Hyo Seon Park; Choongwan Koo; Taehoon Hong; Jeongyoon Oh; Kwangbok Jeong
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.179 pp. 211-227
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
computer software; energy; finite element analysis; life cycle costing; models; policy analysis; prediction; solar collectors; South Korea
Abstract:
... This study aims to develop the four-node-based finite element model for estimating the techno-economic performance of the building-integrated photovoltaic blind (FEM4-nodeBIPB), which can be used by decision-maker in the early design phase. In developing the proposed model, this study uses various research methodologies such as energy simulation, finite element method, life cycle cost analysis, po ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.137

17. A general modeling framework to evaluate energy, economy, land-use and GHG emissions nexus for bioenergy exploitation

Author:
Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Salazar; Mauro Venturini; Witold-Roger Poganietz; Matthias Finkenrath; Trevor Kirsten; Helmer Acevedo; Pier Ruggero Spina
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.178 pp. 223-249
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
El Nino; biogas; case studies; climate change; climate models; developing countries; econometric models; expert opinion; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; land use; natural gas; power generation; primary energy; road transportation; trade; Colombia
Abstract:
... This paper presents a modeling framework to address the energy, economy, emissions and land use nexus when exploiting bioenergy in developing countries. The modeling framework combines a qualitative and a quantitative element. The qualitative element integrates two components: (1) technology roadmapping to identify long-term technology targets through expert judgment and (2) scenario analysis to i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.039

18. A generalized model for wind turbine anomaly identification based on SCADA data

Author:
Peng Sun; Jian Li; Caisheng Wang; Xiao Lei
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.168 pp. 550-567
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
ambient temperature; data collection; generators (equipment); neural networks; prediction; wind farms; wind speed; wind turbines
Abstract:
... This paper presents a generalized model for wind turbine (WT) anomaly identification based on the data collected from wind farm supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. Neural networks (NNs) are used to establish prediction models of the WT condition parameters that are dependent on environmental conditions such as ambient temperature and wind speed. Input parameters of the predict ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.01.133

19. A high-efficiency energy regenerative shock absorber using supercapacitors for renewable energy applications in range extended electric vehicle

Author:
Zutao Zhang; Xingtian Zhang; Weiwu Chen; Yagubov Rasim; Waleed Salman; Hongye Pan; Yanping Yuan; Chunbai Wang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.178 pp. 177-188
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
batteries; electric vehicles; energy; friction; gears; heat; renewable energy sources; roughness; vibration
Abstract:
... The energy source of vehicles is changing rapidly and significantly in recent years with the increase in renewable energy technologies especially in the case of electric vehicles (EVs). A smart solution has emerged in which the wasted energy in a vehicle’s shock absorber is converted to an alternative energy for the cars themselves, and this is called an energy regenerative shock absorber. Whereas ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.054

20. A linear programming model for power distribution with demand response and variable renewable energy

Author:
Frédéric Babonneau; Michael Caramanis; Alain Haurie
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.181 pp. 83-95
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
case studies; consumers (people); energy; linear programming; market prices; markets; models; renewable energy sources; Europe
Abstract:
... A linear programming framework is proposed to model distribution network characteristics, and market clearing processes for flexible load and distributed energy resources providing reserve and reactive power compensation. One shows that the Nash equilibrium solution representing the interaction between utility and customers for demand response and distributed reserve transactions can be approximat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.028

21. A low cost one pot synthesis of biodiesel from waste frying oil (WFO) using a novel material, β-potassium dizirconate (β-K2Zr2O5)

Author:
Veena Singh; Faizal Bux; Yogesh Chandra Sharma
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.172 pp. 23-33
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; biodiesel; carbon; catalysts; frying oil; methanol; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; particle size; physicochemical properties; reflectance; scanning electron microscopy; stable isotopes; surface area; temperature; thermogravimetry; transesterification; viscosity; wastes
Abstract:
... Biodiesel was synthesized from waste frying oil (WFO) using β-potassium dizirconate (β-K2Zr2O5) as a novel heterogeneous catalyst. Synthesized catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), particle size analyser, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET surface area and bas ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.135

22. A method for aggregating external operating conditions in multi-generation system optimization models

Author:
Christoffer Ernst Lythcke-Jørgensen; Marie Münster; Adriano Viana Ensinas; Fredrik Haglind
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.166 pp. 59-75
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
case studies; data collection; heat; models; power plants; system optimization
Abstract:
... This paper presents a novel, simple method for reducing external operating condition datasets to be used in multi-generation system optimization models. The method, called the Characteristic Operating Pattern (CHOP) method, is a visually-based aggregation method that clusters reference data based on parameter values rather than time of occurrence, thereby preserving important information on short- ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.050

23. A mixed integer linear programming model for integrating thermodynamic cycles for waste heat exploitation in process sites

Author:
Gbemi Oluleye; Robin Smith
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.178 pp. 434-453
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
absorption; carbon dioxide; case studies; cold treatment; electric power; energy content; energy use and consumption; greenhouse gas emissions; heat pumps; heat recovery; linear programming; models; temperature; thermal energy; utilities; wastes
Abstract:
... Thermodynamic cycles such as organic Rankine cycles, absorption chillers, absorption heat pumps, absorption heat transformers, and mechanical heat pumps are able to utilize wasted thermal energy in process sites for the generation of electrical power, chilling and heat at a higher temperature. In this work, a novel systematic framework is presented for optimal integration of these technologies in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.096

24. A multi-agent based scheduling algorithm for adaptive electric vehicles charging

Author:
Erotokritos Xydas; Charalampos Marmaras; Liana M. Cipcigan
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.177 pp. 354-365
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
algorithms; case studies; issues and policy; models; prices; renewable energy sources; vehicles (equipment)
Abstract:
... This paper presents a decentralized scheduling algorithm for electric vehicles charging. The charging control model follows the architecture of a Multi-Agent System (MAS). The MAS consists of an Electric Vehicle (EV)/Distributed Generation (DG) aggregator agent and “Responsive” or “Unresponsive” EV agents. The EV/DG aggregator agent is responsible to maximize the aggregator’s profit by designing t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.034

25. A multi-dimensional well-to-wheels analysis of passenger vehicles in different regions: Primary energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and economic cost

Author:
Francesco Orsi; Matteo Muratori; Matteo Rocco; Emanuela Colombo; Giorgio Rizzoni
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.169 pp. 197-209
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
automobiles; biofuels; capital; carbon dioxide; decision making; electric vehicles; electricity; electricity generation; environmental impact; gasoline; greenhouse gas emissions; mixing; natural gas; oils; operating costs; petroleum; primary energy; transportation; Brazil; China; France; Italy; United States
Abstract:
... This paper proposes an exergy-based well-to-wheels analysis to compare different passenger vehicles, based on three key indicators: petroleum energy use, CO2 emissions, and economic cost. A set of fuel pathways, including petroleum-based fuels, compressed natural gas, biofuels, and electricity are considered in five representative national energy mixes, namely Brazil, China, France, Italy, and the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.039

26. A new approach for model validation in solar radiation using wavelet, phase and frequency coherence analysis

Author:
Sajid Hussain; Ali Al-Alili
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.164 pp. 639-649
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
filters; fuzzy logic; model validation; neural networks; solar radiation; wavelet
Abstract:
... The performance of solar radiation models is evaluated based on time domain statistical metrics. These metrics include root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and coefficient of determination (R2). However, this study adopts a new approach to model validation in phase and frequency domains. The study proposes frequency coherence and phase synchronization methods quanti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.038

27. A new integration model of the calcium looping technology into coal fired power plants for CO2 capture

Author:
C. Ortiz; R. Chacartegui; J.M. Valverde; J.A. Becerra
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.169 pp. 408-420
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
calcium; calcium oxide; carbon dioxide; carbonation; coal; energy costs; energy efficiency; limestone; models; power plants; temperature; toxicity
Abstract:
... The Ca-Looping (CaL) process is at the root of a promising 2nd generation technology for post-combustion CO2 capture at coal fired power plants. The process is based on the reversible and quick carbonation/calcination reaction of CaO/CaCO​3 at high temperatures and allows using low cost, widely available and non toxic CaO precursors such as natural limestone. In this work, the efficiency penalty c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.050

28. A new predictive multi-zone model for HCCI engine combustion

Author:
M. Bissoli; A. Frassoldati; A. Cuoci; E. Ranzi; M. Mehl; T. Faravelli
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.178 pp. 826-843
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
combustion; emissions; gases; geometry; heat transfer; models; pollutants; prediction; turbulent flow
Abstract:
... This work introduces a new predictive multi-zone model for the description of combustion in Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engines. The model exploits the existing OpenSMOKE++ computational suite to handle detailed kinetic mechanisms, providing reliable predictions of the in-cylinder auto-ignition processes. All the elements with a significant impact on the combustion performances ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.062

29. A novel LNG cryogenic energy utilization method for inlet air cooling to improve the performance of combined cycle

Author:
Guoqiang Zhang; Jiongzhi Zheng; Yongping Yang; Wenyi Liu
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.179 pp. 638-649
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air; carbon dioxide; cold; cooling; energy; evaporation; humidity; natural gas; power plants; temperature
Abstract:
... A novel liquefied natural gas (LNG) cryogenic energy utilization method for gas turbine inlet air cooling is proposed in this work. In this method, the temperature difference potential between LNG and cooling medium is utilized step by step. The novel cold production process consists of a CO2 Rankine cycle subsystem and a CO2 compression–refrigeration subsystem. A sensitivity analysis is performed ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.07.035

30. A novel design of a desiccant rotary wheel for passive ventilation applications

Author:
Dominic O’Connor; John Kaiser Calautit; Ben Richard Hughes
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.179 pp. 99-109
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air; air conditioning; air flow; blowers; desiccants; desorption; heat; models; relative humidity; silica gel; surface area; temperature; wheels; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... Rotary desiccant wheels are used to regulate the relative humidity of airstreams. These are commonly integrated into Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning units to reduce the relative humidity of incoming ventilation air. To maximise the surface area, desiccant materials are arranged in a honeycomb matrix structure which results in a high pressure drop across the device requiring fans and blow ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.029

31. A novel hybrid algorithm for electricity price and load forecasting in smart grids with demand-side management

Author:
A. Ghasemi; H. Shayeghi; M. Moradzadeh; M. Nooshyar
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.177 pp. 40-59
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
capital; electricity; electricity costs; markets; models; prices; support vector machines; wavelet
Abstract:
... Smart grid is a platform that enables the participants of electricity market to adjust their bidding strategies based on Demand-Side Management (DSM) models. Responsiveness of the market participants can improve reliability of system operation as well as capital cost investments. In this regard, the accurate forecast of electricity price and demand in smart grids is an important challenge as their ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.083

32. A novel phase-change cement composite for thermal energy storage: Fabrication, thermal and mechanical properties

Author:
He Zhang; Feng Xing; Hong-Zhi Cui; Da-Zhu Chen; Xing Ouyang; Su-Zhen Xu; Jia-Xin Wang; Yi-Tian Huang; Jian-Dong Zuo; Jiao-Ning Tang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.170 pp. 130-139
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; buildings; cement; compression strength; differential scanning calorimetry; energy conservation; latent heat; light microscopy; microencapsulation; models; modulus of rupture; porosity; scanning electron microscopy; storage technology; temperature; thermal energy; thermal stability; thermography; thermogravimetry
Abstract:
... Facing upon the increasingly severe energy crisis, one of the key issues for reducing the building energy consumption is to pursue high-performance thermal energy storage technologies based on phase-change materials. In this study, a novel cement composite incorporated with flaky graphite-doped microencapsulated phase-change materials (FGD-MPCMs) was developed. Various techniques, such as field em ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.091

33. A novel time-of-use tariff design based on Gaussian Mixture Model

Author:
Ran Li; Zhimin Wang; Chenghong Gu; Furong Li; Hao Wu
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 1530-1536
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
batteries; consumers (people); cost effectiveness; electricity; energy costs; methodology; models; prices; tariffs; United Kingdom
Abstract:
... This paper proposes a novel method to design feasible Time-of-Use (ToU) tariffs for domestic customers from flat rate tariffs by clustering techniques. The method is dedicated to designing the fundamental window patterns of ToU tariffs rather than optimising exact prices for each settlement period. It makes use of Gaussian Mixture Model clustering technique to group half-hour interval flat rate ta ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.063

34. A parameter extraction technique exploiting intrinsic properties of solar cells

Author:
Nhan Thanh Tong; Wanchalerm Pora
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.176 pp. 104-115
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
algorithms; equations; models; photovoltaic cells; solar collectors
Abstract:
... This paper presents a parameter extraction technique for the five-parameter solar-cell model. It only requires the priori knowledge of three load points: the open circuit, the short circuit, and the maximum power points. An intrinsic property of solar cells helps to construct an extra equation. A cost function is formulated with another intrinsic property. A search algorithm for minimizing the cos ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.064

35. A peak-load reduction computing tool sensitive to commercial building environmental preferences

Author:
Fakeha Sehar; Manisa Pipattanasomporn; Saifur Rahman
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.161 pp. 279-289
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
buildings; computer software; energy; global cooling; infrastructure; power generation; Virginia
Abstract:
... Demand Response (DR) as an option for electric utility peak load management has gained significant attention in the recent past as it helps to avoid stress conditions and possibly defer or avoid construction of new power generation, transmission and distribution infrastructures. DR in commercial buildings can play a major role in reducing peak load and mitigate network overloading conditions. Smal ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.009

36. A physics-based integer-linear battery modeling paradigm

Author:
Michael S. Scioletti; Johanna K. Goodman; Paul A. Kohl; Alexandra M. Newman
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.176 pp. 245-257
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
algorithms; batteries; fuels; generators (equipment); models; solar energy; system optimization
Abstract:
... Optimal steady-state dispatch of a stand-alone hybrid power system determines a fuel-minimizing distribution strategy while meeting a forecasted demand over six months to a year. Corresponding optimization models that integrate hybrid technologies such as batteries, diesel generators, and photovoltaics with system interoperability requirements are often large, nonconvex, nonlinear, mixed-integer p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.023

37. A real-time decision model for industrial load management in a smart grid

Author:
Mengmeng Yu; Renzhi Lu; Seung Ho Hong
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.183 pp. 1488-1497
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
case studies; manufacturing; models; prices; steel; uncertainty
Abstract:
... The potential impacts of evolving industrial load management into demand response (DR) programs have been widely acknowledged. This paper proposes a real-time decision model for the load management of an industrial manufacturing process in the face of ever-changing real-time prices (RTPs). Due to the inherent dependence between consecutive tasks in a manufacturing process, the decision model must ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.09.021

38. A review of cell-scale multiphase flow modeling, including water management, in polymer electrolyte fuel cells

Author:
M. Andersson; S.B. Beale; M. Espinoza; Z. Wu; W. Lehnert
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.180 pp. 757-778
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
commercialization; economic sustainability; electrochemistry; electrolytes; engineering; fuel cells; gases; heat transfer; mass transfer; models; momentum; polymers; porous media; prices; rocks; sand; temperature; water content; water management
Abstract:
... The PEFC has emerged as the most viable fuel cell type for automotive and some portable applications, and also has potential back-up power unit applications due to its low operating temperature, comparative simplicity of construction, high power density, and ease of operation. In spite of tremendous scientific advances, as well as engineering progress over the last few decades, the commercializati ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.010

39. A review of computational fluid dynamics for forced-air cooling process

Author:
Chun-Jiang Zhao; Jia-Wei Han; Xin-Ting Yang; Jian-Ping Qian; Bei-Lei Fan
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.168 pp. 314-331
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air flow; chilling injury; cold; cooling; energy efficiency; fresh produce; heat transfer; mass transfer; mathematical models; packaging; precooling
Abstract:
... Optimizing the design of fresh produce packaging is vital for ensuring that future food cold chains are more energy efficient and for improving produce quality by avoiding chilling injuries due to nonuniform cooling. Computational fluid dynamics models are thus increasingly used to study the airflow patterns and heat transfer inside ventilated packaging during precooling. This review discusses det ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.01.101

40. A semi-analytic method to optimize tidal farm layouts – Application to the Alderney Race (Raz Blanchard), France

Author:
Ottavio A. Lo Brutto; Jérôme Thiébot; Sylvain S. Guillou; Hamid Gualous
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.183 pp. 1168-1180
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
farms; models; tides; turbines; France
Abstract:
... The purpose of this paper is to present a semi-analytic model designed to optimize tidal farm layouts by maximizing the mechanical power production. A meta-heuristics method is used to find the turbine placement which minimizes the flow interaction between the turbines. The velocities in the wakes of turbines are simulated with an analytic model. The methodology is first applied to idealized cases ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.09.059

41. A sequential approach to integrated energy modeling in South Africa

Author:
Channing Arndt; Rob Davies; Sherwin Gabriel; Konstantin Makrelov; Bruno Merven; Faaiqa Hartley; James Thurlow
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.161 pp. 591-599
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
carbon markets; economic development; emissions; employment; energy; imports; models; planning; politics; trade liberalization; water power; South Africa
Abstract:
... We develop a sequential approach to link a bottom-up energy sector model to a detailed dynamic general equilibrium model of South Africa. The approach is designed to simultaneously address the shortcomings and maintain the attractive features of detailed energy sector and general equilibrium models. It also reflects common country-level energy planning processes. We illustrate the capabilities of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.06.053

42. A sequential input–output framework to analyze the economic and environmental implications of energy policies: Gas taxes and fuel subsidies

Author:
Jun-Ki Choi; Bhavik R. Bakshi; Klaus Hubacek; Jordan Nader
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.184 pp. 830-839
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
adverse effects; ammonia; biofuels; case studies; cropland; economic impact; ecosystem services; emissions; energy; energy policy; environmental indicators; environmental policy; fossil fuels; fuel production; gasoline; income; inventories; life cycle assessment; livestock; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; prices; soil erosion; subsidies; supply chain; taxes; United States
Abstract:
... A novel generic sequential input–output framework is developed to model the economy-wide changes in resource consumption and environmental emissions as a result of combined applied energy policies, e.g. taxes for non-renewables and subsidies for renewables. Many input–output analyses are based on a single period analysis. However, in the case of analyzing the effects of multiple policy interventio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.033

43. A simplified model for heat extraction by circulating fluid through a closed-loop multiple-fracture enhanced geothermal system

Author:
Bisheng Wu; Xi Zhang; Robert G. Jeffrey; Andrew P. Bunger; Shanpo Jia
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.183 pp. 1664-1681
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
drilling; heat; models; prediction; temperature
Abstract:
... Multiple hydraulic fractures have been proposed for improving the performance of an enhanced geothermal system (EGS) by providing conductive flow pathways and increased contact area between flowing fluid and surrounding rock formation. Use of more fractures incurs a higher drilling and hydraulic fracturing cost, but the additional cost can be offset by improved operation performance of an EGS. In ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.09.113

44. A study of structure–activity relationships of commercial tertiary amines for post-combustion CO2 capture

Author:
Min Xiao; Helei Liu; Raphael Idem; Paitoon Tontiwachwuthikul; Zhiwu Liang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.184 pp. 219-229
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
absorption; carbon; carbon dioxide; desorption; energy; guidelines; heat; nitrogen; structure-activity relationships; tertiary amines; water solubility
Abstract:
... This work examined the relationship between the structure of various commercial tertiary amines and their activity in CO2 absorption/desorption in terms of rate of CO2 absorption, equilibrium CO2 loading, pKa and heat of CO2 absorption in order to establish possible guidelines for selection of tertiary amine components for amine blends. Results show that any electron donating group linked directly ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.006

45. A study on the impact of SO2 on CO2 injectivity for CO2 storage in a Canadian saline aquifer

Author:
Zhiyu Wang; Jinsheng Wang; Christopher Lan; Ian He; Vivien Ko; David Ryan; Andrew Wigston
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.184 pp. 329-336
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
aquifers; calcium sulfate; carbon dioxide; ions; oil and gas industry; quartz; sandstone; silicic acid; sodium; sodium chloride; sulfur dioxide; Canada
Abstract:
... Potential effects of SO2 as an impurity on CO2 injectivity for CO2 storage in a targeted sandstone saline aquifer in western Canada were investigated. Batch experiments using rock and brine samples in contact with supercritical CO2 and CO2 mixtures with SO2 were conducted in high-pressure reactors for 45days. The results suggest that SO2 increased precipitation of sodium chloride and calcium sulfa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.09.067

46. A systematic state-of-charge estimation framework for multi-cell battery pack in electric vehicles using bias correction technique

Author:
Fengchun Sun; Rui Xiong; Hongwen He
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 1399-1409
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
algorithms; batteries; energy; neural networks; polymers; prediction; uncertainty; vehicles (equipment)
Abstract:
... In order to maximize the capacity/energy utilization and guarantee safe and reliable operation of battery packs used in electric vehicles, an accurate cell state-of-charge (SoC) estimator is an essential part. This paper tries to add three contributions to the existing literature. (1) An integrated battery system identification method for model order determination and parameter identification is p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.12.021

47. A theoretical framework for multiphysics modeling of methane fueled solid oxide fuel cell and analysis of low steam methane reforming kinetics

Author:
Baoxuan Wang; Jiang Zhu; Zijing Lin
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.176 pp. 1-11
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
activation energy; energy efficiency; fuel cells; fuels; mathematical models; methane; steam
Abstract:
... Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) fueled by methane with low steam content is desirable from the energy efficiency and power density point of view. Improved understanding about the low steam methane fuel operation is required for advancing the technology. A rigorous and comprehensive multiphysics model for methane fueled SOFCs is described for the first time. The model considers explicitly the detailed ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.049

48. A thermal battery mimicking a concentrated volumetric solar receiver

Author:
M. Khalil Anwar; B.S. Yilbas; S.Z. Shuja
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.175 pp. 16-30
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
aluminum; batteries; energy; heat; melting; solar collectors; solar energy; temperature
Abstract:
... A mobile thermal battery is a new concept in renewable energy technologies and provides effective and innovative solutions for solar energy utilization in various applications. A thermal battery mimics a volumetric solar receiver, which uses phase change material and metallic meshes in the energy storing medium. In the present study, performance analysis of a mobile thermal battery is presented. L ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.110

49. A transient one-dimensional numerical model for kinetic Stirling engine

Author:
Kai Wang; Swapnil Dubey; Fook Hoong Choo; Fei Duan
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.183 pp. 775-790
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
equations; fluid mechanics; friction; heat transfer; helium; hydrogen; hysteresis; kinetics; mathematical models; prediction; spring; temperature; viscosity; working conditions
Abstract:
... A third-order numerical model based on one-dimensional computational fluid dynamics is developed for kinetic Stirling engines. Various loss mechanisms in Stirling engines, including gas spring hysteresis loss, shuttle loss, appendix displacer gap loss, gas leakage loss, finite speed loss, piston friction loss, pressure drop loss, heat conduction loss, mechanical loss and imperfect heat transfer, a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.09.024

50. A validated model for mixing and buoyancy in stratified hot water storage tanks for use in building energy simulations

Author:
Brecht Baeten; Thomas Confrey; Sébastien Pecceu; Frederik Rogiers; Lieve Helsen
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.172 pp. 217-229
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
buildings; energy; fluid mechanics; mixing; model validation; models; parameter uncertainty; tanks; water storage
Abstract:
... When evaluating the energy demand of buildings using stratified hot water storage tanks in an active demand response context, an accurate but low order storage tank model is required. Accurate modelling of buoyancy effects and mixing inside the storage tank as a result of direct inflows is key to obtain valid results. The use of one-dimensional storage tank models is common practice in building si ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.118

51. A wavelet-coupled support vector machine model for forecasting global incident solar radiation using limited meteorological dataset

Author:
Ravinesh C. Deo; Xiaohu Wen; Feng Qi
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.168 pp. 568-593
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
data collection; evaporation; models; prediction; solar energy; solar radiation; statistics; support vector machines; temperature; time series analysis; viability; wavelet; weather stations; wind speed
Abstract:
... A solar radiation forecasting model can be utilized is a scientific contrivance for investigating future viability of solar energy potentials. In this paper, a wavelet-coupled support vector machine (W-SVM) model was adopted to forecast global incident solar radiation based on the sunshine hours (St), minimum temperature (Tmax), maximum temperature (Tmax), windspeed (U), evaporation (E) and precip ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.01.130

52. AMT downshifting strategy design of HEV during regenerative braking process for energy conservation

Author:
Liang Li; Xiangyu Wang; Rui Xiong; Kai He; Xujian Li
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.183 pp. 914-925
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models; electric motors; energy conservation; process energy; torque; vehicles (equipment)
Abstract:
... For hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), regenerative braking might be the most effective way of energy conservation. However, the braking energy usually cannot be regenerated completely due to the limit of the motor maximum torque. When the braking torque provided by electric motor (EM) cannot meet the driver’s braking demand, the hydraulic brake system should provide extra braking torque, which resu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.09.031

53. Achieving annual and monthly net-zero energy of existing building in hot climate

Author:
Ali AlAjmi; Hosny Abou-Ziyan; Adel Ghoneim
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.165 pp. 511-521
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
carbon dioxide; climate; cooling systems; cost effectiveness; energy conservation; energy efficiency; greenhouse gas emissions; solar collectors; solar energy
Abstract:
... This paper demonstrates the possibility of converting a public building from inefficient energy consumer into a net-zero energy building (NZEB). This task is achieved through cost effective energy efficient measures (EEMs) and integration of solar energy systems. Three scenarios that utilize the same roof area are proposed to convert the building into NZEB. The first two scenarios use only PV syst ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.073

54. Acid Gas to Syngas (AG2S™) technology applied to solid fuel gasification: Cutting H2S and CO2 emissions by improving syngas production

Author:
Andrea Bassani; Carlo Pirola; Enrico Maggio; Alberto Pettinau; Caterina Frau; Giulia Bozzano; Sauro Pierucci; Eliseo Ranzi; Flavio Manenti
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.184 pp. 1284-1291
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; coal; dynamic models; gasification; greenhouse gas emissions; hydrogen; hydrogen sulfide; pyrolysis; simulation models; synthesis gas
Abstract:
... The paper deals with the application of the novel Acid Gas To Syngas (AG2S™) technology to the gasification of solid fuels. The AG2S technology is a completely new effective route of processing acid gases: H2S and CO2 are converted into syngas (CO and H2) by means of a regenerative thermal reactor. To show the application of the AG2S technology, modeling and simulation advances for gasification sy ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.040

55. Adaptation of rammed earth to modern construction systems: Comparative study of thermal behavior under summer conditions

Author:
Susana Serrano; Alvaro de Gracia; Luisa F. Cabeza
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.175 pp. 180-188
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
buildings; embodied energy; insulating materials; summer; temperature; thermal properties
Abstract:
... Buildings should be understood as a process that consumes energy in all their phases (design, construction, use and end-of-life) and, more specifically, the building envelope is clearly involved in all of them. For this reason, the International Energy Agency defines in its latest publication the improvement of building envelopes as one of the key points to reduce the energy consumption in buildin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.010

56. Advances on the semi-transparent modules based on micro solar cells: First integration in a greenhouse system

Author:
Marco Cossu; Akira Yano; Zhi Li; Mahiro Onoe; Hidetoshi Nakamura; Toshinori Matsumoto; Josuke Nakata
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 1042-1051
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
energy; glass; greenhouses; irradiation; photovoltaic cells; prototypes; silicon; solar collectors; solar radiation
Abstract:
... The spherical micro-cells are a semi-transparent photovoltaic (PV) technology which can contribute to improve the sustainability of greenhouse systems. Previous prototypes were tested in laboratory conditions, but the size was not suitable for the greenhouse roof application. In this work, a new prototype has been developed and tested on a real greenhouse roof. The semi-transparent PV module (STM) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.002

57. Aircraft cost index and the future of carbon emissions from air travel

Author:
Holly A. Edwards; Darron Dixon-Hardy; Zia Wadud
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.164 pp. 553-562
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air transportation; aircraft; biofuels; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon markets; climate change; energy costs; energy use and consumption; equations; flight; greenhouse gas emissions; industry; issues and policy; models; oils
Abstract:
... Air travel accounts for 2% of global CO2 emissions and this proportion is set to grow in the future. There are currently no large scale solutions to drastically reduce the industry’s dependence on oil. Therefore, airlines are looking to use a basket of measures to reduce fuel consumption. Optimisation of the use of cost index (CI) could be a valuable addition to this. By balancing time-dependent c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.058

58. Allocation of ESS by interval optimization method considering impact of ship swinging on hybrid PV/diesel ship power system

Author:
Shuli Wen; Hai Lan; Ying-Yi Hong; David C. Yu; Lijun Zhang; Peng Cheng
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.175 pp. 158-167
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
algorithms; capital; energy; energy costs; equations; generators (equipment); greenhouse gas emissions; pollution; ships; solar collectors; solar energy; system optimization; tankers; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Owing to low efficiency of traditional ships and the serious environmental pollution that they cause, the use of solar energy and an energy storage system (ESS) in a ship’s power system is increasingly attracting attention. However, the swinging of a ship raises crucial challenges in designing an optimal system for a large oil tanker ship, which are associated with uncertainties in solar energy. I ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.003

59. An IoT-based energy-management platform for industrial facilities

Author:
Min Wei; Seung Ho Hong; Musharraf Alam
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.164 pp. 607-619
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
consumers (people); energy; energy costs; management systems; models
Abstract:
... Interconnectivity and interoperability are very important features in the development of integrated energy management systems for industrial facilities. A simple and common strategy for exchanging energy-related information among the entities in a facility is currently lacking. To this end, the purpose of this study is to present an IoT-based communication framework with a common information model ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.107

60. An NSGA-II based multi-objective optimization for combined gas and electricity network expansion planning

Author:
Yuan Hu; Zhaohong Bie; Tao Ding; Yanling Lin
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.167 pp. 280-293
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
algorithms; decision making; electricity; models; natural gas; planning; power generation; production costs; wind power; China
Abstract:
... With the increasing proportion of natural gas in power generation, natural gas network and electricity network are closely coupled. Therefore, planning of any individual system regardless of such interdependence will increase the total cost of the whole combined systems. Therefore, a multi-objective optimization model for the combined gas and electricity network planning is presented in this work. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.148

61. An empirically grounded model for simulating normative energy use feedback interventions

Author:
Kyle Anderson; SangHyun Lee
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.173 pp. 272-282
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
simulation models; energy; cost effectiveness; social networks; energy conservation; researchers
Abstract:
... Researchers have begun developing simulation models as a cost-effective and expeditious means to explore and enhance our understanding of energy use behavior interventions. These models have provided unique insights into potential energy savings as a result of improved occupant behavior, but have not yet reached the capability to be used for predictive modeling purposes. Therefore, this paper atte ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.063

62. An empirical–heuristic optimization of the building-roof geometry for urban wind energy exploitation on high-rise buildings

Author:
Francisco Toja-Silva; Oscar Lopez-Garcia; Carlos Peralta; Jorge Navarro; Ignacio Cruz
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.164 pp. 769-794
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
aerodynamics; buildings; cities; energy; geometry; turbulent flow; urban areas; wind; wind power; wind turbines
Abstract:
... Urban wind energy exploitation is an important topic for smart sustainable cities. The present investigation is a step in this direction, considering the latest advances in building aerodynamics, identifying and analyzing the optimum building-roof shape for the urban wind energy exploitation. This investigation focusses in two aspects: the isolated building shape optimization and the analysis of t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.095

63. An energy analysis comparing biomass torrefaction in depots to wind with natural gas combustion for electricity generation

Author:
Kristen M. Parkhurst; Christopher M. Saffron; Raymond O. Miller
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.179 pp. 171-181
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
bioenergy; combustion; electric power; electricity; energy; feedstocks; heat; natural gas; phytomass; torrefaction; wind power; wind speed; Michigan
Abstract:
... Biomass torrefaction and wind power with natural gas are compared to determine which renewable energy system to adopt when both plant biomass and wind are available. The renewability of both systems was compared in terms of energy return on investment (EROI) by quantifying the fossil energy input and renewable energy output. On the basis of a functionally equivalent amount of electrical power (100 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.121
CHORUS:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.121
Chorus Open Access:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.121

64. An energy management model to study energy and peak power savings from PV and storage in demand responsive buildings

Author:
Fakeha Sehar; Manisa Pipattanasomporn; Saifur Rahman
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.173 pp. 406-417
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air conditioning; buildings; cooling; electricity; electricity costs; energy; energy conservation; ice; lighting; models; Maryland; Virginia
Abstract:
... Demand Response (DR) applications along with strategically deployed solar photovoltaic (PV) and ice storage systems at the building level can help reduce building peak demand and energy consumption. Research shows that no work has been carried out to study the impact of integrated control of PV and ice storage on improving building operation and energy savings in demand responsive buildings. This ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.039

65. An evaluation method of solar contribution in a solar aided power generation (SAPG) system based on exergy analysis

Author:
Hongjuan Hou; Zhang Xu; Yongping Yang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.182 pp. 1-8
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
case studies; coal; ecosystem services; exergy; fossils; heat; power generation; power plants; solar thermal energy; steam
Abstract:
... Solar aided (coal fired) power generation (SAPG) is the synergy of solar thermal energy and fossil power plant technologies by using solar thermal energy to replace extraction steam to preheat feed water. SAPG combines environmental benefits of the former and large capacity, high efficiency and reliability of the latter. However, there are no appropriate criteria for evaluating the thermal perform ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.109

66. An exhaustive experimental study of a novel air-water based thermoelectric cooling unit

Author:
Hamed Sadighi Dizaji; Samad Jafarmadar; Shahram Khalilarya; Amin Moosavi
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.181 pp. 357-366
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air; air flow; climate; cooling systems; temperature; transmission electron microscopy; water flow
Abstract:
... In this paper, the cooling feasibility of air flow via a novel air-water based TEC system (as an alternative air cooling unit) is experimentally investigated for different climate conditions. Contrary to previous studies, thermoelectric hot side temperature was adjusted by a low constant water flow rate (and not by an air fan) which significantly increased the cold side performance of TEM. Ten par ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.074

67. An experimental investigation on a small-sized parabolic trough solar collector for water heating in cold areas

Author:
Bin Zou; Jiankai Dong; Yang Yao; Yiqiang Jiang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.163 pp. 396-407
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
Reynolds number; cold; cold zones; heat transfer; solar collectors; solar radiation; temperature; wind speed
Abstract:
... When used in cold environment, the conventional flat plate solar collectors and all-glass evacuated tube solar collectors will cause various problems, such as large heat loss, low efficiency, freeze and tube-burst, which severely limit their applications. In this paper, a special small-sized parabolic trough solar collector (PTC), which could overcome the shortcomings of conventional solar collect ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.186

68. An experimental study on the combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine under low temperature combustion of diesel/gasoline/n-butanol blends

Author:
Haozhong Huang; Chengzhong Zhou; Qingsheng Liu; Qingxin Wang; Xueqiang Wang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.170 pp. 219-231
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air; butanol; carbon monoxide; combustion; diesel engines; emissions; gasoline; hydrocarbons; nitrogen oxides; particulates; soot; temperature
Abstract:
... Based on a small-scale high-speed diesel engine, the low temperature combustion and emission characteristics of four different fuels were experimentally investigated at different EGR ratios. The following fuels were studied: pure diesel (D100), a diesel and gasoline blend with a volume ratio of 70:30 (D70G30), a diesel and n-butanol blend with a volume ratio of 70:30 (D70B30) and a blend of diesel ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.126

69. An experimental study on the hydrogen crossover in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells for various current densities

Author:
Aeri Jung; Jongkil Oh; Kookil Han; Min Soo Kim
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.175 pp. 212-217
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air; cathodes; electrolytes; fuel cells; hydrogen; polymers; relative humidity
Abstract:
... The effect of the clamping pressure and the relative humidity on gas crossover is studied in this research. It is central to this paper that the effect of the operating parameters on the hydrogen crossover is analyzed for various current densities. The performance and the hydrogen crossover rate are measured simultaneously according to the different clamping pressure and relative humidity at each ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.016

70. An improved CO2-based transcritical Rankine cycle (CTRC) used for engine waste heat recovery

Author:
Gequn Shu; Lingfeng Shi; Hua Tian; Xiaoya Li; Guangdai Huang; Liwen Chang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.176 pp. 171-182
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
carbon dioxide; cooling; exergy; gas engines; heat transfer; recycling; specific heat; temperature
Abstract:
... CO2-based transcritical Rankine cycle (CTRC) is a promising technology for the waste heat recovery of an engine considering its safety and environment friendly characteristics, which also matchs the high temperature of the exhaust gas and satisfies the miniaturization demand of recovery systems. But the traditional CTRC system with a basic configuration (B-CTRC) has a poor thermodynamic performanc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.053

71. An improved differential evolution algorithm for the economic load dispatch problems with or without valve-point effects

Author:
Dexuan Zou; Steven Li; Gai-Ge Wang; Zongyan Li; Haibin Ouyang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.181 pp. 375-390
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
algorithms; mutants; mutation
Abstract:
... This paper presents an improved differential evolution (IDE) algorithm for economic load dispatch (ELD) problems with or without valve-point effects (VPE). The proposed IDE is different from the traditional differential evolution (DE) algorithm in three aspects: first, two mutation operators are used to generate mutant vectors; second, a dynamical crossover rate is used to update trail vectors; th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.067

72. An incentive-oriented early warning system for predicting the co-movements between oil price shocks and macroeconomy

Author:
Keyi Ju; Bin Su; Dequn Zhou; Yuqiang Zhang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.163 pp. 452-463
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
early warning systems; oils; prediction; prices; China
Abstract:
... Different oil price shock incentives under different domestic and international environment will cause different oil price shocks and bring different impacts to China’s macroeconomy. However, there are few empirical studies on early warning prediction of the co-movements between oil price shocks and macroeconomy. This paper presents an incentive-oriented artificial intelligent (AI) early warning s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.015

73. An online method for lithium-ion battery remaining useful life estimation using importance sampling and neural networks

Author:
Ji Wu; Chenbin Zhang; Zonghai Chen
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.173 pp. 134-140
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
algorithms; batteries; neural networks; prediction
Abstract:
... An accurate battery remaining useful life (RUL) estimation can facilitate the design of a reliable battery system as well as the safety and reliability of actual operation. A reasonable definition and an effective prediction algorithm are indispensable for the achievement of an accurate RUL estimation result. In this paper, the analysis of battery terminal voltage curves under different cycle numb ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.04.057

74. An operation optimization and decision framework for a building cluster with distributed energy systems

Author:
Xiwang Li; Jin Wen; Ali Malkawi
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.178 pp. 98-109
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
algorithms; buildings; cost effectiveness; electrical equipment; energy; energy costs; models; temperature
Abstract:
... Driven by the development of smart buildings and smart grids, numerous of research has focused on developing optimal operation strategies for smart buildings with the aims of reducing energy consumption and cost, as well as improving the grid reliability. Unfortunately, most of the studies from smart building perspective only target on a single building with elaborated energy forecasting models. F ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.030

75. An optimization model for selecting the optimal green systems by considering the thermal comfort and energy consumption

Author:
Jimin Kim; Taehoon Hong; Jaemin Jeong; Choongwan Koo; Kwangbok Jeong
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.169 pp. 682-695
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
buildings; energy; environmental assessment; environmental impact; green infrastructure; life cycle assessment; life cycle costing; models; temperature
Abstract:
... The green systems ensured a green space, improved the thermal comfort of the residents by making the seasonal indoor temperature pleasant, and saved energy in buildings. This study aimed to develop an optimization model for the optimal green systems by considering the thermal comfort in and energy consumption of an educational facility. In addition, the optimal design scenarios were analyzed consi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.032

76. An organic group contribution approach to radiative efficiency estimation of organic working fluid

Author:
Xinxin Zhang; Noriyuki Kobayashi; Maogang He; Jingfu Wang
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 1205-1210
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
carbon; chemical reactions; ethers; global warming; organic matter; ozone depletion; radiative transfer
Abstract:
... The ratification of the Montreal Protocol in 1987 and the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 mark an environment protection era of the development of organic working fluid. Ozone depletion potential (ODP) and global warming potential (GWP) are two most important indices for the quantitative comparison of organic working fluid. Nowadays, more and more attention has been paid to GWP. The calculation of GWP is a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.08.032

77. An overview of the problems and solutions of soil thermal imbalance of ground-coupled heat pumps in cold regions

Author:
Tian You; Wei Wu; Wenxing Shi; Baolong Wang; Xianting Li
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.177 pp. 515-536
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
absorption; air; cold zones; economic performance; energy; fossil fuels; heat; heat pumps; soil temperature; solar energy; systems engineering; thermal properties; wastes
Abstract:
... Ground-coupled heat pumps are widely applied in cold regions, but soil thermal imbalances in some projects greatly deteriorate the systems’ practical performances and heavily inhibit the systems’ reasonable applications. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the main problems caused by soil thermal imbalance and the existing solutions targeting on them. The caused problems mainly present ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.115

78. Analysis and characterization of photovoltaic modules of three different thin-film technologies in outdoor conditions

Author:
Rafael Moreno-Sáez; Mariano Sidrach-de-Cardona; Llanos Mora-López
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 827-838
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
energy; light intensity; photons; solar collectors; temperature; uncertainty; variance
Abstract:
... The instantaneous performance ratio of thin-film photovoltaic modules of three different technologies is analyzed and characterized using contour graphs for different outdoor conditions. This parameter changes when modules are working in outdoor conditions depending on several variables. The most explanatory parameters we have found are the module temperature, the atmospheric clearness index and t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.156

79. Analysis and comparison of Integrated Solar Combined Cycles using parabolic troughs and linear Fresnel reflectors as concentrating systems

Author:
Antonio Rovira; Rubén Barbero; María José Montes; Rubén Abbas; Fernando Varela
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 990-1000
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
ambient temperature; climatology; economic feasibility; economic performance; evaporation; fuels; generators (equipment); solar energy; steam; turbines
Abstract:
... This paper compares the annual performance and economic feasibility of Integrated Solar Combined Cycles (ISCC) using two solar concentration technologies: parabolic trough collectors (PTC) and linear Fresnel reflectors (LFR). Integration of solar energy to the steam turbine of a combined cycle gives some advantages: the first one is the fuel saving due to the solar contribution and, additionally, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.001

80. Analysis of the dynamic characteristics of combustion instabilities in a pre-mixed lean-burn natural gas engine

Author:
Li-Ping Yang; En-Zhe Song; Shun-Liang Ding; Richard J. Brown; Norbert Marwan; Xiu-Zhen Ma
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.183 pp. 746-759
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
combustion; fluid mechanics; gas engines; natural gas
Abstract:
... The cyclic combustion instabilities in a pre-mixed lean-burn natural gas engine have been studied. Using non-linear embedding theory, recurrence plots (RPs) and recurrence qualification analysis (RQA), the hidden rhythms and dynamic complexity of a combustion system in high dimensional phase space for each gas injection timing (GIT) have been examined, and the possible source of combustion instabi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.09.037

81. Analysis of the economic feasibility and reduction of a building’s energy consumption and emissions when integrating hybrid solar thermal/PV/micro-CHP systems

Author:
Laura Romero Rodríguez; José Manuel Salmerón Lissén; José Sánchez Ramos; Enrique Ángel Rodríguez Jara; Servando Álvarez Domínguez
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.165 pp. 828-838
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
case studies; climatic zones; computer software; economic feasibility; electric energy consumption; emissions; energy costs; information processing; internal combustion engines; life cycle costing; natural gas; primary energy; solar collectors; Spain
Abstract:
... The aim of this paper is to assess the performance of several designs of hybrid systems composed of solar thermal collectors, photovoltaic panels and natural gas internal combustion engines. The software TRNSYS 17 has been used to perform all the calculations and data processing, as well as an optimisation of the tank volumes through an add-in coupled with the GENOPT® software. The study is carrie ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.080

82. Analytical assessment of a novel hybrid solar tubular receiver and combustor

Author:
Jin Han Lim; Graham J. Nathan; Eric Hu; Bassam B. Dally
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 298-307
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
analytical methods; energy flow; heat transfer; models; solar collectors
Abstract:
... This paper presents a novel hybrid between a tubular solar receiver and a combustor, called the Hybrid Solar Receiver Combustor (HSRC), and reports on the development and application of an analytical model to describe its performance. The analytical model accounts for the variability of the solar resource with a pseudo steady state balance of the mass and energy flow, which calculates the heat tra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.048

83. Analytical investigation of high temperature 1kW solid oxide fuel cell system feasibility in methane hydrate recovery and deep ocean power generation

Author:
Mohammad Ali Azizi; Jacob Brouwer; Derek Dunn-Rankin
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.179 pp. 909-928
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
burning; dissociation; electricity; electrochemistry; energy efficiency; energy resources; environmental protection; equations; fuel cells; heat transfer; methane; methane production; power generation; sediments; steam; temperature
Abstract:
... Methane hydrates are potential valuable energy resources. However, finding an efficient method for methane gas recovery from hydrate sediments is still a challenge. New challenges arise from increasing environmental protection. This is due in part to the technical difficulties involved in the efficient dissociation of methane hydrates at high pressures. In this study, a new approach is proposed to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.119

84. Application of a new 13-value thermal comfort scale to moderate environments

Author:
C. Buratti; D. Palladino; P. Ricciardi
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.180 pp. 859-866
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
Aesculus; buildings; people; questionnaires; sensation
Abstract:
... A new 13-value thermal comfort scale is adopted in the present study, in order to evaluate the thermal comfort sensation within non-residential buildings with the adaptive approach.18 classrooms located both in Pavia and Perugia, the Fraschini Theatre, and one auditorium located in Pavia were investigated from October 2014 to October 2015 collecting about 1600 questionnaires. All the information r ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.043

85. Application of optimal design methodologies in retrofitting natural gas combined cycle power plants with CO2 capture

Author:
Ming Pan; Farah Aziz; Baohong Li; Simon Perry; Nan Zhang; Igor Bulatov; Robin Smith
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.161 pp. 695-706
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
carbon; carbon dioxide; emissions; energy conservation; energy efficiency; flue gas; generators (equipment); global warming; heat transfer; models; natural gas; power generation; power plants; steam
Abstract:
... Around 21% of the world’s power production is based on natural gas. Energy production is considered to be the significant sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This has a significant effect on the global warming. Improving power plant efficiency and adding a CO2 capture unit into power plants, have been suggested to be a promising countermeasure against global warming. This paper presents a n ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.03.035

86. Applying a magnetic field on liquid line of vapour compression system is a novel technique to increase a performance of the system

Author:
Pralhad Tipole; A. Karthikeyan; Virendra Bhojwani; Abhay Patil; Ninad Oak; Amal Ponatil; Palash Nagori
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.182 pp. 376-382
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
air conditioning; energy; energy conservation; heat transfer; magnetic fields; magnetic materials; mass flow; refrigerators; vapors; viscosity
Abstract:
... This paper presents experimental investigations carried out to study the effect of magnetic field on energy savings in vapour compression system. Application of magnetic field to fluid flow breaks the molecule resulting in a decrease in the viscosity of the fluid. This drop in the viscosity reduces the pumping power required by the compressor as well as enhances the heat transfer rates in the cond ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.129

87. Assessing energy business cases implemented in the North Sea Region and strategy recommendations

Author:
Bing Xu; Amar Nayak; David Gray; Jamal Ouenniche
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.172 pp. 360-371
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
European Union; business enterprises; energy efficiency; fossil fuels; greenhouse gas emissions; industry; multi-criteria decision making; renewable energy sources; stakeholders; wholesale marketing; Europe; North Sea
Abstract:
... e-harbours is a unique European project that was set out to identify viable energy business cases on the exploitation of energy flexibility, which optimise their operations to match energy demand and supply while taking account of the additional volatility in supply caused by renewable energy sources, improve energy efficiency, and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. In this paper, we propose an in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.110

88. Assessing the economic value of co-optimized grid-scale energy storage investments in supporting high renewable portfolio standards

Author:
Roderick S. Go; Francisco D. Munoz; Jean-Paul Watson
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.183 pp. 902-913
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
assets; case studies; cost effectiveness; economic valuation; energy; environmental law; infrastructure; linear programming; models; planning; renewable energy sources; wind
Abstract:
... Worldwide, environmental regulations such as Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPSs) are being broadly adopted to promote renewable energy investments. With corresponding increases in renewable energy deployments, there is growing interest in grid-scale energy storage systems (ESS) to provide the flexibility needed to efficiently deliver renewable power to consumers. Our contribution in this paper is ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.134

89. Assessment of renewables for energy security and carbon mitigation in Southeast Asia: The case of Indonesia and Thailand

Author:
Subhash Kumar
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.163 pp. 63-70
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
carbon; carbon dioxide; electricity; energy; energy policy; greenhouse gas emissions; growth and development; markets; models; production costs; renewable energy sources; sustainable development; Indonesia; Thailand
Abstract:
... Due to fast rising energy demand, Southeast Asia has become a larger energy consumer and bigger player in global energy markets. Energy security and environmental emissions reduction have become higher priorities to ensure energy supply at affordable costs, for continued economic growth and development. To address these issues renewable energy plays a vital role in the long-term future for sustain ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.019

90. Assessment of thermodynamic models for the design, analysis and optimisation of gas liquefaction systems

Author:
Tuong-Van Nguyen; Brian Elmegaard
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.183 pp. 43-60
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
case studies; energy flow; equations; gases; heat exchangers; heat transfer; liquefaction; models; natural gas; prediction; refrigeration; systems engineering
Abstract:
... Natural gas liquefaction systems are based on refrigeration cycles – they consist of the same operations such as heat exchange, compression and expansion, but they have different layouts, components and working fluids. The design of these systems requires a preliminary simulation and evaluation of their performance. However, the thermodynamic models used for this purpose are characterised by diffe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.174

91. Assessment on the research trend of low-carbon energy technology investment: A bibliometric analysis

Author:
Hao Yu; Yi-Ming Wei; Bao-Jun Tang; Zhifu Mi; Su-Yan Pan
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.184 pp. 960-970
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
bibliometric analysis; carbon sequestration; databases; developed countries; developing countries; electricity; energy; energy policy; environmental policy; fuels; renewable energy sources; social sciences; storage technology; tariffs; uncertainty; China; Denmark; Greece; Turkey (country); United Kingdom; United States
Abstract:
... Based on databases of Science Citation Index Expanded (1981-present) and Social Sciences Citation Index (2002-present), this paper applies the bibliometric method to analyze the scientific publications of low-carbon energy technology investment. By characterizing the basic information of the publications, we found: the historical development process is clearly divided into two stages; the field of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.07.129

92. Automated targeting model for synthesis of heat exchanger network with utility systems

Author:
Wui Seng Goh; Yoke Kin Wan; Chun Kiat Tay; Rex T.L. Ng; Denny K.S. Ng
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 1272-1281
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
cold; energy; energy recovery; fuels; heat; heat exchangers; models; operating costs; power generation; steam; utilities
Abstract:
... Energy recovery within processes via heat exchanger network (HEN) to minimise the external utilities has been well established. Due to the close energy interactions between HEN and the utility system, it is important to synthesise these two elements simultaneously. In this work, a novel systematic approach for synthesis of HEN with utility systems is presented. Multiple cascades automated targetin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.04.113

93. Bacillus sp. strains to produce bio-hydrogen from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste

Author:
A.T. Shah; L. Favaro; L. Alibardi; L. Cagnin; A. Sandon; R. Cossu; S. Casella; M. Basaglia
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.176 pp. 116-124
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
Bacillus (bacteria); bacteria; cellulose; enzymes; fermentation; glucose; heat treatment; hemicellulose; hydrogen; hydrogen production; lipids; municipal solid waste; organic wastes; pectins; renewable energy sources; ribosomal DNA; sludge; starch; upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor
Abstract:
... Bio-hydrogen, obtained by fermentation of organic residues, is considered a promising source of renewable energy. However, the industrial scale H2 production from organic waste is far to be realized as technical and economical limitations have still to be solved. Low H2 yields and lack of industrially robust microbes are the major limiting factors.To look for bacteria with both interesting hydroge ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.054

94. Barriers, drivers and decision-making process for industrial energy efficiency: A broad study among manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises

Author:
Andrea Trianni; Enrico Cagno; Stefano Farné
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.162 pp. 1537-1551
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
decision making; energy efficiency; financial institutions; issues and policy; manufacturing; small and medium enterprises; supply chain; vocational education; Italy
Abstract:
... Energy efficiency has been recognized as a primary means to increase the competitiveness of the industrial sector, and in particular for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), in which energy efficiency measures (EEMs) are scarcely implemented. For this reason, future policies should carefully address such issue. Hence, it is really crucial to have a precise and punctual knowledge of the barri ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.078

95. Behavior analysis of wind power producer in electricity market

Author:
Yunpeng Xiao; Xifan Wang; Xiuli Wang; Can Dang; Ming Lu
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.171 pp. 325-335
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
demand elasticities; electricity; issues and policy; market power; market regulations; markets; models; wind power
Abstract:
... Renewable energy generation plays an important role in exploiting renewable energy towards green economy. The electricity market should be not only reevaluated with the coming of renewable energy, but also modified for maintaining market fairness and better utilization of renewable energy. Based on a Stackelberg game model, this paper puts forward a closed-form analysis on wind power producer’s (W ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.021

96. Behaviour of a SPD switchable glazing in an outdoor test cell with heat removal under varying weather conditions

Author:
Aritra Ghosh; Brian Norton; Aidan Duffy
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.180 pp. 695-706
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
heat; heat exchangers; heat transfer coefficient; solar radiation; temperature; water flow
Abstract:
... Suspended particle device (SPD) switchable glazing has potential to control transmission of solar radiation in the visible range by changing its transparency from 55% to 5%. Outdoor test cell characterisation of a SPD switchable glazing offered the dynamic solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) which varied between 0.05 (when opaque) and 0.38 (when transparent). Reduction of maximum temperature rise o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.08.029

97. Bioenergy and the city – What can urban forests contribute?

Author:
F. Kraxner; K. Aoki; G. Kindermann; S. Leduc; F. Albrecht; J. Liu; Y. Yamagata
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.165 pp. 990-1003
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
bioenergy; biomass; case studies; cities; climate change; conservation areas; ecosystem services; emissions; energy; feedstocks; forest ecosystems; forest management; geographic information systems; households; international law; society; trees; urban areas; urban forests; yield tables; Austria
Abstract:
... Bioenergy plays an important role in mitigating dangerous climate change and will therefore most likely have to further expand substantially. With 50% of the global population living in urban areas, cities are transforming into hotspots for future sustainable energy systems in the context of a low-carbon society. Bioenergy feedstock from urban forests could contribute substantially to low-carbon e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.12.121

98. Bioethanol production from forestry residues: A comparative techno-economic analysis

Author:
Balázs Frankó; Mats Galbe; Ola Wallberg
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.184 pp. 727-736
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
bark; bioethanol; biogas; biorefining; branches; cellulose; electricity; energy efficiency; ethanol; ethanol production; forestry; heat; hemicellulose; market prices; pellets; production costs; profitability; pulpwood; raw materials; sawdust; sugars; wood chips; Sweden
Abstract:
... A techno-economic analysis was conducted to assess the feasibility of using forestry residues with different bark contents for bioethanol production. A proposed cellulosic ethanol biorefinery in Sweden was simulated with Aspen Plus. The plant was assumed to convert different forestry assortments (sawdust and shavings, fuel logs, early thinnings, tops and branches, hog fuel and pulpwood) to ethanol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.11.011

99. Biological biogas upgrading capacity of a hydrogenotrophic community in a trickle-bed reactor

Author:
Lydia Rachbauer; Gregor Voitl; Günther Bochmann; Werner Fuchs
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.180 pp. 483-490
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
carbon dioxide; biogas; methane; enrichment culture; hydrogen
Abstract:
... The current study reports on biological biogas upgrading by means of hydrogen addition to obtain biomethane. A mesophilic (37°C) 0.058m³ trickle-bed reactor with an immobilized hydrogenotrophic enrichment culture was operated for a period of 8months using a substrate mix of molecular hydrogen (H2) and biogas (36–42% CO2). Complete CO2 conversion (>96%) was achieved up to a H2 loading rate of 6.5mn ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.07.109

100. Biomass carbon fueled tubular solid oxide fuel cells with molten antimony anode

Author:
Nan-Qi Duan; Yuan Tan; Dong Yan; Lichao Jia; Bo Chi; Jian Pu; Jian Li
Source:
Applied energy 2016 v.165 pp. 983-989
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
anodes; antimony; biomass; carbon; cathodes; ceric oxide; charcoal; corn starch; electric power; electrolytes; fuel cells; fuels; heat; oxidation; temperature; zirconium oxide
Abstract:
... Cell performance and efficiency of tubular molten antimony (Sb) anode direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFCs) was investigated with two different biomass carbon fuels. The 8mol.% Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) supported cells with La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-10mol.% Gd2O3 doped CeO2 (LSCF-10GDC) as the cathode were fabricated by slurry-casting, slurry-dipping and sintering processes. A relatively h ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.050