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1. Dynamic modelling of a direct internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell stack based on single cell experiments

Author:
van Biert, L.; Godjevac, M.; Visser, K.; Aravind, P.V.
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.250 pp. 976-990
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; anodes; chemical equilibrium; energy; fuel cells; heat transfer; hydrogen; kinetics; oxidation; simulation models; temperature profiles;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Direct internal reforming enables optimal heat integration and reduced complexity in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems, but thermal stresses induced by the increased temperature gradients may inflict damage to the stack. Therefore, the development of adequate control strategies requires models that can accurately predict the temperature profiles in the stack. A 1D dynamic modelling platform is ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.05.053

2. Dynamic, multi-objective optimal design and operation of water-energy systems for small, off-grid islands

Author:
Giudici, Federico; Castelletti, Andrea; Garofalo, Elisabetta; Giuliani, Matteo; Maier, Holger R.
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.250 pp. 605-616
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; carbon; carbon dioxide; case studies; desalination; drinking water; electricity; energy; environmental impact; greenhouse gas emissions; islands; renewable energy sources; systems engineering; Mediterranean Islands;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Small Mediterranean islands are remote, off-grid communities characterized by carbon intensive electricity systems coupled with high energy consuming desalination technologies to produce potable water. The aim of this study is to propose a novel dynamic, multi-objective optimization approach for improving the sustainability of small islands through the introduction of renewable energy sources. The ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.05.084

3. Modeling building resilience against extreme weather by integrated CityFFD and CityBEM simulations

Author:
Katal, Ali; Mortezazadeh, Mohammad; Wang, Liangzhu (Leon)
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.250 pp. 1402-1417
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; aerodynamics; buildings; case studies; climate change; energy; greenhouse gas emissions; heat transfer; issues and policy; microclimate; storms; urban areas; urbanization; Canada;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the past decade, urban building energy models have been developed to address the increasing concerns over energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission due to rapid urbanization and building resilience as a result of climate change. These models can estimate energy consumption, GHG emission and resilience response of buildings in an urban area, and evaluate retrofit strategies for architects, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.192

4. The effects of operating conditions and structural parameters on the dynamic, electric consumption and power generation characteristics of an electric assisted bicycle

Author:
Ba Hung, Nguyen; Lim, Ocktaeck
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.247 pp. 285-296
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; batteries; electric power; energy; power generation; simulation models;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... A study is conducted to examine the motion, dynamic and electric consumption characteristics of an electric assisted bicycle based on the effects of certain operating conditions and structural parameters. Simulation models for operation of the electric assisted bicycle, including dynamic models of the electric assisted bicycle and battery models, are established. These simulation models are solved ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.002

5. High power density magnetic spring based energy harvester using dual-mass and spring-guided design

Author:
Aldawood, Ghufran; Tri Nguyen, Hieu; Bardaweel, Hamzeh
Source:
Applied energy 2019 pp. 113546
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; energy; harvesting; humans; magnetic materials; magnetism; prototypes; simulation models; vibration;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The main objective of this work is to present an enhanced magnetic spring based vibration energy harvester based on dual mass moving magnets and a spring-assisted design. The enhanced harvester design consists of a levitated magnet, a spring-guided magnet, and coils. Prototypes of the enhanced harvester are constructed and characterized experimentally. Nonlinear dynamical models of the harvester a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113546

6. Dynamic modeling and parameter optimization of a free-piston Vuilleumier heat pump with dwell-based motion

Author:
Chen, Hanfei; Lin, ChihChieh; Longtin, Jon P.
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.242 pp. 741-751
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; algorithms; energy; friction; gravity; heat; heat pumps; prototypes; springs (parts and components);     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Free-piston Vuilleumier heat pumps (VHPs) provide unique advantages for residential heating and cooling but require careful selection of machine design parameters to operate correctly, which is the focus of this work. A dynamic model for a free-piston VHP is first developed. Forces including mechanical spring, pressure, friction, gravity, and viscous damping are included. Ten machine design parame ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.077

7. Dynamic modeling of liquid-desiccant regenerator based on a state–space method

Author:
Liu, Wei; Gong, Yanfeng; Niu, Xiaofeng; Shen, Junjie; Kosonen, Risto
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.240 pp. 744-753
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; air conditioning; air temperature; case studies; desiccants; energy; humidity; mass flow;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The regenerator is the main energy-consuming component in a liquid-desiccant-based air-conditioning system. Highly efficient control of a regenerator in dynamic operating conditions can improve system performance and reduce system energy consumption. An accurate and reliable dynamic model of a regenerator is fundamental to understand its dynamic operation characteristics and design in a high-perfo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.082

8. Distributed energy management for community microgrids considering network operational constraints and building thermal dynamics

Author:
Liu, Guodong; Jiang, Tao; Ollis, Thomas B.; Zhang, Xiaohu; Tomsovic, Kevin
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.239 pp. 83-95
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; air conditioning; case studies; consumers (people); energy; energy costs; energy resources; heat; management systems; prices;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... A distributed energy management system for community microgrids is developed in this paper. Unlike a centralized optimization-based energy management system, it schedules distributed energy resources and energy storage systems, as well as residential appliances, indirectly through iterative interaction between the microgrid central controller and home energy management systems, based on price sign ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.210

9. Recent development of membrane for vanadium redox flow battery applications: A review

Author:
Shi, Yu; Eze, Chika; Xiong, Binyu; He, Weidong; Zhang, Han; Lim, T.M.; Ukil, A.; Zhao, Jiyun
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.238 pp. 202-224
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; batteries; economic sustainability; electrical resistance; energy; ions; moieties; permeability; renewable energy sources; vanadium; water uptake;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Responding to rapid growth of the renewable energy applications, it is crucial to develop low cost and high efficient large-scale energy storage systems in order to smooth out the intermittency of the renewable energy resources. As one of the most promising large-scale energy storage systems, vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) has attracted great attention in recent times. Membrane is one of the k ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.087

10. SOFC/Gas Turbine Hybrid System: A simplified framework for dynamic simulation

Author:
Rossi, Iacopo; Traverso, Alberto; Tucker, David
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.238 pp. 1543-1550
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; controllers; energy; simulation models; working conditions; West Virginia;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper describes a simplified framework to create dynamic models of SOFC/Gas Turbine Hybrid Systems. After some physical considerations on global SOFC/GT structure, the work focuses on the modelling approach. It embodies some empirical parameters, which can be derived from operating data or detailed simulation analysis. The framework results in a hybrid model – partly physics-based, partly dat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.092

11. Dynamic thermal management for industrial waste heat recovery based on phase change material thermal storage

Author:
Li, Dacheng; Wang, Jihong; Ding, Yulong; Yao, Hua; Huang, Yun
Source:
Applied energy 2019 v.236 pp. 1168-1182
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; algorithms; energy; energy use and consumption; enthalpy; fuels; heat recovery; industrial wastes; latent heat; phase transition; steel; system optimization;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... To effectively utilize waste heat resulted in industrial production processes, this study investigates the dynamic thermal management using phase change material (PCM) thermal storage technique for the heat recovery system. The heat transfer process of a tube-type PCM storage module is analyzed and the dynamic model is developed for the optimization of system operation. The flag to indicate differ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.040

12. Estimation of the energy demand of electric buses based on real-world data for large-scale public transport networks

Author:
Gallet, Marc; Massier, Tobias; Hamacher, Thomas
Source:
Applied energy 2018 v.230 pp. 344-356
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; batteries; bus transportation; case studies; cities; data collection; electricity; energy; energy requirements; fossils; income; infrastructure; planning; specific energy; variance; Singapore;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... An increasing number of cities are transitioning from fossil fuel-powered buses for public transport to battery electric buses. Evaluating the energy demand of buses has become an important prerequisite for the planning and deployment of large electric bus fleets and the required charging infrastructure. A number of state-of-the-art approaches to determining the energy requirements of electric bus ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.086

13. Modelling the dynamic interactions between London’s water and energy systems from an end-use perspective

Author:
De Stercke, Simon; Mijic, Ana; Buytaert, Wouter; Chaturvedi, Vaibhav
Source:
Applied energy 2018 v.230 pp. 615-626
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; carbon; carbon markets; case studies; cities; climate change; consumer demand; developed countries; electricity; energy; environmental policy; greenhouse gas emissions; planning; policy analysis; prices; quality of life; water resources; water utilities;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cities are concentrations of demand to water and energy systems that rely on resources under increasing pressure from scarcity and climate change mitigation targets. They are linked in many ways across their different components, the collection of which is termed a nexus. In industrialised countries, the residential end-use component of the urban water-energy nexus has been identified as significa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.094

14. A thermoelectric generator in exhaust systems of spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines. A comparison with an electric turbo-generator

Author:
Fernández-Yáñez, P.; Armas, O.; Kiwan, R.; Stefanopoulou, A.G.; Boehman, A.L.
Source:
Applied energy 2018 v.229 pp. 80-87
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; energy; energy recovery; exhaust systems; fluid mechanics; fuels; prototypes; spark ignition engines; thermoelectric generators; wastes;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Approximately a third of the fuel energy in internal combustion engines is wasted through the exhaust gas. Thermoelectric generators have been employed in automotive engines to recover energy from the exhaust system. The purpose of this work is to broaden the knowledge of thermoelectric generators and help designers to evaluate of their implementation in light-duty vehicles. Several works have tes ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.107

15. Consequences of selecting technology pathways on cumulative carbon dioxide emissions for the United Kingdom

Author:
Roberts, Simon H.; Foran, Barney D.; Axon, Colin J.; Warr, Benjamin S.; Goddard, Nigel H.
Source:
Applied energy 2018 v.228 pp. 409-425
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; carbon; carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; climate change; electricity; emissions; employment; energy; global carbon budget; infrastructure; issues and policy; power generation; storage technology; thermodynamics; wind power; United Kingdom;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... The UK has an ambitious target of an 80% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by 2050, to be reached using a series of ‘carbon budgets’ to aid policy development. Current energy systems modelling methods do not explore, or are unable to account for, physical (thermodynamic) limits to the rate of change of infrastructure. The power generation sector has a variety of technological options for this ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.078

16. Model reduction strategy of doubly-fed induction generator-based wind farms for power system small-signal rotor angle stability analysis

Author:
Xia, S.W.; Bu, S.Q.; Zhang, X.; Xu, Y.; Zhou, B.; Zhu, J.B.
Source:
Applied energy 2018 v.222 pp. 608-620
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; electricity; wind farms; energy; greenhouse gas emissions; power generation; decentralization; wind turbines; generators (equipment); cost effectiveness; torque; wind power; New England region; China;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Following the decarbonisation and decentralisation of energy industry, wind energy is becoming a promising generation source to reduce greenhouse emission, and meet future energy demand. Unlike traditional generation using synchronous generators, many wind turbines use induction generators, e.g., doubly-fed induction generators, due to the cost effective design of adjustable-speed operation and fl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.04.024

17. An electromagnetic rotational energy harvester using sprung eccentric rotor, driven by pseudo-walking motion

Author:
Halim, M.A.; Rantz, R.; Zhang, Q.; Gu, L.; Yang, K.; Roundy, S.
Source:
Applied energy 2018 v.217 pp. 66-74
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; electric power; energy; finite element analysis; harvesting; prototypes; springs (parts and components); walking;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this work, an electromagnetic energy harvesting device using a sprung eccentric rotor has been designed, optimized and characterized to harvest power from pseudo-walking signals (a single frequency sinusoidal signal derived from motion of a driven pendulum that approximates the swing of a human-arm during walking). Our analysis shows that a rotor with an eccentric mass suspended by a torsional ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.02.093

18. Analysis and comparison of dynamic behavior of heat exchangers for direct evaporation in ORC waste heat recovery applications from fluctuating sources

Author:
Jiménez-Arreola, Manuel; Pili, Roberto; Wieland, Christoph; Romagnoli, Alessandro
Source:
Applied energy 2018 v.216 pp. 724-740
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; diesel engines; energy; evaporation; evaporators; geometry; heat exchangers; heat recovery; power generation; trucks; wastes;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is one of the most prominent technologies for power generation from waste heat sources. Due to their nature, as residual energy from an upstream process, waste heat sources typically present a fluctuating behavior that makes the recovery of the waste heat a challenging task.Direct evaporation from the waste heat carrier has gained substantial interest, especially on vol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.01.085

19. Scavenging energy from ultra-low frequency mechanical excitations through a bi-directional hybrid energy harvester

Author:
Fan, Kangqi; Liu, Shaohua; Liu, Haiyan; Zhu, Yingmin; Wang, Weidong; Zhang, Daxing
Source:
Applied energy 2018 v.216 pp. 8-20
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; electronics; energy; light emitting diodes; magnetic materials; prototypes; simulation models;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... A bi-directional hybrid energy harvester (HEH) is presented in this paper to scavenge energy from ultra-low frequency mechanical excitations. The proposed HEH consists of two piezoelectric cantilever beams, a suspended magnet, and a set of coil. Specifically, the two piezoelectric beams work as a conventional piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH), whereas the suspended magnet and the coil constitut ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.02.086

20. Techno-economic feasibility of integrating energy storage systems in refrigerated warehouses

Author:
Zhu, Kai; Li, Xueqiang; Campana, Pietro Elia; Li, Hailong; Yan, Jinyue
Source:
Applied energy 2018 v.216 pp. 348-357
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
dynamic models,   etc   ; batteries; electric energy consumption; electric power; electricity costs; energy; operating costs; prices; warehouses;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work evaluates the techno-economic feasibility of integrating the cold energy storage system and the electrical energy storage system in a refrigerated warehouse for shifting the power consumption. A dynamic model has been developed in TRNSYS®. Based on the dynamic simulation, the performance and benefit of those two types of energy storage systems were compared. Results showed that, the inte ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.01.079