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You searched for: Journal Applied microbiology and biotechnology Remove constraint Journal: Applied microbiology and biotechnology Publication Year 1998 Remove constraint Publication Year: 1998 Source 1998 v.50 no.3 Remove constraint Source: 1998 v.50 no.3
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1. Anaerobic growth and improved fermentation of Pichia stipitis bearing a URA1 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Author:
Shi, N.Q.; Jeffries, T.W.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 339-345
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Scheffersomyces stipitis; aerobic conditions; anaerobic conditions; cell growth; electron transfer; energy; ethanol; ethanol production; eukaryotic cells; fermentation; genes; genetic engineering; glucose; lipids; xylose; yeasts
Abstract:
... Respiratory and fermentative pathways coexist to support growth and product formation in Pichia stipitis. This yeast grows rapidly without ethanol production under fully aerobic conditions, and it ferments glucose or xylose under oxygen-limited conditions, but it stops growing within one generation under anaerobic conditions. Expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae URA1 (ScURA1) in P. stipitis enab ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051301
PubMed:
9802219

2. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the estimation of fungal biomass during solid-state fermentation

Author:
Dubey, A.K.; Suresh, C.; Umesh Kumar, S.; Karanth, N.G.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 299-302
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; fungi; microbial biomass; monitoring; solid state fermentation
Abstract:
... An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for sensitive, specific and quantitative estimation of fungal biomass during solid-state fermentation is described. Using this method, differential growth rates and colonization of the substrate can be studied. The assay has potential application for the efficient monitoring of solid-state fermentation involving specific fungus, for which available methods are ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051294
PubMed:
9802214

3. Biodegradation of biphenyl by the ascomycetous yeast Debaryomyces vanrijae

Author:
Lange, J.; Hammer, E.; Specht, M.; Francke, W.; Schauer, F.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 364-368
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Debaryomyces; biodegradation; biphenyl; glucose; metabolism; metabolites; yeasts
Abstract:
... Cells of the yeast strain Debaryomyces vanrijiae SBUG 770, grown with glucose, converted biphenyl to 4-hydroxybiphenyl as the major metabolite. In addition, 2-hydroxybiphenyl was formed in minor amounts. No further degradation of these substances was detected. However, these monohydroxylated derivatives were oxidised by alkane-grown cells in the presence of the co-metabolic substrate, tetradecane. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051305

4. Continuous alcoholic fermentation of glucose/xylose mixtures by co-immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida shehatae

Author:
Lebeau, T.; Jouenne, J.; Junter, G.A.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 309-313
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Candida shehatae; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; agar; alcoholic fermentation; bioreactors; cell viability; ethanol; ethanol production; gels; glucose; immobilized cells; porous media; stainless steel; xylose; yeasts
Abstract:
... Viable Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida shehatae cells were co-immobilized in a composite agar layer/microporous membrane structure. This immobilized-cell structure was placed in a vertical position between the two halves of a double-chambered, stainless-steel bioreactor of original design and applied to the continuous alcoholic fermentation of a mixture of glucose (35 g dm(-3)) and xylose (15 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051296
PubMed:
9802215

5. Degradation of cyanide in agroindustrial or industrial wastewater in an acidification reactor or in a single-step methane reactor by bacteria enriched from soil and peels of cassava

Author:
Siller, H.; Winter, J.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 384-389
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
acidification; ammonia; bacteria; carbon; cassava; cassava starch; cell suspension culture; enzymes; fermentation; formates; methane; methanogens; mixed culture; pH; potassium cyanide; roots; sewage sludge; soil; temperature; wastewater
Abstract:
... During cassava starch production, large amounts of cyanoglycosides were released and hydrolysed by plant-borne enzymes, leading to cyanide concentrations in the wastewater as high as 200 mg/l. For anaerobic degradation of the cyanide during pre-acidification or single-step methane fermentation, anaerobic cultures were enriched from soil residues of cassava roots and sewage sludge. In a pre-acidifi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051309
PubMed:
9802225

6. Food signal production of Photorhabdus luminescens inducing the recovery of entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis spp. in liquid culture

Author:
Strauch, O.; Ehlers, R.U.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 369-374
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Heterorhabditis; Photorhabdus luminescens; biological control; culture media; entomopathogenic nematodes; insect pests; nematode larvae; progeny; symbionts
Abstract:
... Photorhabdus luminescens are bacterial symbionts of entomopathogenic nematodes of the genus Heterorhabditis. The bacto-helminthic complexes are used in biocontrol of insect pests in cryptic environments. For in vitro production, liquid media are incubated with P. luminescens for 24 h prior to the inoculation of nematode dauer juveniles. The nematodes develop to self-fertilizing hermaphrodites and ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051306

7. Formation of benzaldehyde by Pseudomonas putida ATCC 12633

Author:
Simmonds, J.; Robinson, G.K.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 353-358
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Pseudomonas putida; activated carbon; adsorption; benzaldehyde; biotransformation; formates; pH; toxicity
Abstract:
... Aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes may be produced by the mandelate pathway of Pseudomonas putida ATCC 12633 via the biotransformation of benzoyl formate and substrate analogues. Under optimised biotransformation conditions (37 degrees C, pH 5.4) and with benzoyl formate as a substrate, benzaldehyde may be accumulated with yields above 85%. Benzaldehyde is toxic to P. putida ATCC 12633; levels ab ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051303

8. Influence of temperature and pH on production of two bacteriocins by Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides FR52 during batch fermentation

Author:
Krier, F.; Revol-Junelles, A.M.; Germain, P.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 359-363
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides; bacteriocins; batch fermentation; pH; temperature
Abstract:
... The influence of temperature and pH on growth of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides FR52 and production of its two bacteriocins, mesenterocin 52A and mesenterocin 52B, was studied during batch fermentation. Temperature and pH had a strong influence on the production of the two bacteriocins which was stimulated by slow growth rates. The optimal temperature was 20 degrees C for productio ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051304
PubMed:
9802221

9. Lignin-hemicellulose complexes restrict enzymatic solubilization of mannan and xylan from dissolving pulp

Author:
Gubitz, G.M.; Stebbing, D.W.; Johansson, C.I.; Saddler, J.N.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 390-395
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
solubilization; xylan; xylanases; dissolving pulp; polymerization; beta-mannosidase; chromatography; cellulose; enzymatic treatment; Thermomyces lanuginosus; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase; Athelia rolfsii; spectroscopy; Gloeophyllum
Abstract:
... Mannan and xylan present in bleached soft-wood dissolving pulp were found to be partially resistant to hemicellulases even after repeated enzyme treatment. Despite the additional effect of an endoglucanase from Gloeophyllum separium, which increased the accessibility of mannan and xylan to a mannanase from Sclerotium rolfsii and to a xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus, the enzyme mixture solubi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051310

10. Morphogenetic and biochemical effects of dissolved carbon dioxide on filamentous fungi in submerged cultivation

Author:
McIntyre, M.; McNeil, B.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 291-298
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
dissolved carbon dioxide; image analysis; Aspergillus niger; submerged fermentation; experimental design; cell culture; bioreactors; yeasts; bacteria
Abstract:
... The inhibitory effects of elevated CO2 in submerged fermentation processes involving bacteria and yeasts have been extensively examined. However, until recently, there have been few similar studies involving filamentous fungi, despite the economic importance of this group of organisms. Many of the investigations that have been carried out have involved inappropriate simulation methods and, as a re ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051293
PubMed:
9802213

11. Production of cyclomaltononaose (delta-cyclodextrin) by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases from Bacillus spp. and bacterial isolates

Author:
Larsen, K.L.; Christensen, H.J.S.; Mathiesen, F.; Pedersen, L.H.; Zimmermann, W.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 314-317
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Bacillus (bacteria); cyclodextrins; cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase; starch
Abstract:
... The conversion of soluble starch to cyclomaltohexaose (alpha-CD), cyclomaltoheptaose (beta-CD), cyclomaltooctaose (gamma-CD) and cyclomaltononaose (delta-CD) by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases (E.C. 2.4.1.19) from Bacillus spp. and bacterial isolates was studied. The results show that delta-CD was formed by all the enzymes investigated in the range of 5%-11.5% of the total amount of alpha-, beta ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051297
PubMed:
9802216

12. Purification and properties of the raw-starch-digesting glucoamylases from Corticium rolfsii

Author:
Nagasaka, Y.; Kurosawa, K.; Yokota, A.; Tomita, F.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 323-330
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Athelia rolfsii; alpha-amylase; glucan 1,4-alpha-glucosidase; isoelectric point; molecular weight; starch; tomatoes
Abstract:
... Corticium rolfsii AHU 9627, isolated from a tomato stem, is one of the strongest producers of a raw-starch-digesting amylase. The amylase system secreted by C. rolfsii AHU 9627 consisted of five forms of glucoamylase (G1-G5) and a small amount of alpha-amylase. Among these amylases, G1, G2 and G3 were able to hydrolyze raw starch. Five forms of glucoamylase were separated from each other and purif ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051299
PubMed:
9802217

13. The formation of 1-hydroxymethylnaphthalene and 6-hydroxymethylquinoline by both oxidative and reductive routes in Cunninghamella elegans

Author:
Mountfield, R.J.; Hopper, D.J.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 379-383
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Cunninghamella elegans; biotransformation; fermenters; fungi
Abstract:
... Extraction of medium after incubation of the fungus, Cunninghamella elegans, with 0.03% (w/v) 1-methylnaphthalene produced mainly 1-hydroxymethylnaphthalene together with some 1-naphthoic acid and hydroxynaphthoic acid. Higher concentrations of substrate were inhibitory to biotransformation. Similar incubations with 1-naphtoic acid as substrate resulted in reduction of the carboxyl group to give 1 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051308
PubMed:
9802224

14. Two novel gene expression systems based on the yeasts Schwanniomyces occidentalis and Pichia stipitis

Author:
Piontek, M.; Hagedorn, J.; Hollenberg, C.P.; Gellissen, G.; Strasser, A.W.M.
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 1998 v.50 no.3 pp. 331-338
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
Clostridium thermocellum; Scheffersomyces stipitis; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase; gene expression; genes; genetically modified organisms; heat stability; heterologous gene expression; host strains; hosts; plasmids; promoter regions; yeasts
Abstract:
... Two non-Saccharomyces yeasts have been developed as hosts for heterologous gene expression. The celD gene from Clostridium thermocellum, encoding a heat-stable cellulase, served as the test sequence. The first system is based on the amylolytic species Schwanniomyces occidentalis, the second on the xylolytic species Pichia stipitis. The systems comprise auxotrophic host strains (trp5 in the case of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s002530051300
PubMed:
9802218