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You searched for: Journal Aquaculture Remove constraint Journal: Aquaculture Publication Year 2000 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2000 Source 2000 no.1/3 Remove constraint Source: 2000 no.1/3
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1. Beta glucan binding protein and its role in shrimp immune response

Author:
Vargas-Albores, F.; Yepiz-Plascencia, G.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 13-21
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Penaeus; immunity; lipopolysaccharides; bacteria; fungi; binding proteins; agglutinins; beta-glucans
Abstract:
... Despite their relatively short life and assumed lesser complexity, crustaceans have mechanisms to detect foreign matter. In particular, they appear to recognize common characteristics present in bacteria and fungi, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and beta-glucans. Although these microbial components can directly activate defensive cellular functions such as phagocytosis, melanization, encapsulat ...

2. Biochemical responses in penaeids caused by contaminants

Author:
Bainy, A.C.D.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 163-168
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
diagnostic techniques; feeds; profitability; biomarkers; disinfectants; drugs; fertilizers; developmental stages; biomass production; algicides; toxicity; Penaeidae; shrimp culture; additives
Abstract:
... The shrimp aquaculture industry has become increasingly aware of the need for developing sensitive and precise diagnostic tools (Biomarkers) with predictive capability for assessing the toxic effect of commonly encountered chemicals on shrimp culture. Potentially damaging compounds used in shrimp culture include disinfectants, therapeutics, feed additives, algicidals, pesticides, and fertilizers. ...

3. Crustacean haemocytes and haematopoiesis

Author:
Johansson, M.W.; Keyser, P.; Sritunyalucksana, K.; Soderhall, K.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 45-52
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Crustacea; hemocytes; immune response; defense mechanisms; phagocytosis; cytotoxicity; cytoplasm; immune system; protein synthesis; messenger RNA; nucleic acid hybridization
Abstract:
... Crustacean haemocytes play important roles in the host immune response including recognition, phagocytosis, melanization, cytotoxicity and cell-cell communication. Classification of the haemocyte types in decapod crustaceans is based mainly on the presence of cytoplasmic granules into hyaline cells, semigranular cells, and granular cells. Each cell type is active in defence reactions, for example; ...

4. Ecosystem perspectives on management of disease in shrimp pond farming

Author:
Kautsky, N.; Ronnback, P.; Tedengren, M.; Troell, M.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 145-161
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
intensive forestry; stocking rate; water quality; ponds; disease control; disease transmission; environmental degradation; water temperature; disease resistance; ecosystems; environmental impact; wastewater; oxygen; shrimp culture; metabolites; larvae
Abstract:
... This paper reviews and discusses, from an ecological perspective, the causes behind the development and spreading of pathogens in shrimp aquaculture. The risk of disease in shrimp farming often increases with culture intensity and high stocking densities, and when polyculture is replaced by monoculture. High pond densities will facilitate the spread of pathogens between ponds. Shortage of clean wa ...

5. Environmental factors affecting immune responses in Crustacea

Author:
Le Moullac, G.; Haffner, P.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 121-131
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Crustacea; immune response; water pollution; pollutants; geographical variation; microhabitats; shellfish culture; immune system; hemocytes; antibacterial properties; phagocytosis; oxides; anions; oxidoreductases; biochemical pathways; water temperature; water quality; rearing
Abstract:
... This paper attempts to review and evaluate existing information about the effects of environmental changes on the immune response in Crustacea. Emphasis has been placed on natural environment variations, chemical contaminants and physico-chemical changes, especially with regard to reared shrimp. Studies on the effects of environmental factors on immune function in marine Crustacea have concentrate ...

6. Experiences on importance of diet for shrimp postlarval quality

Author:
Lavens, P.; Sorgeloos, P.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 169-176
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
diet; feeds; rearing; nutrient availability; developmental stages; unsaturated fatty acids; probiotics; immunostimulants
Abstract:
... This paper gives an overview of own experiences with respect to the impact of dietary conditions on the quality of postlarval penaeid shrimp. Direct nutrient-specific effects are documented for highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA), phosphatidyl choline (PC) and ascorbic acid (AA). Specific immunostimulants may also contribute to an improved stress resistance of the shrimp fry. Last, but not least, ...

7. Experimental infection models for shrimp vibriosis studies: a review

Author:
Saulnier, D.; Haffner, P.; Goarant, C.; Levy, P.; Ansquer, D.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 133-144
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
bacteria; shrimp; Vibrio; simulation models; pathogens; mortality; ponds; virulence; disease prevalence; disease prevention; hosts
Abstract:
... Vibrio species have become a major source of concern for shrimp culture because of their close association with low survival rates in hatcheries or growout ponds. New shrimp pathogens belonging to the Vibrio genus have been described although their virulence is not yet fully understood. Indeed, they may act as opportunistic agents in secondary infections or be true pathogens. This review presents ...

8. Is there any kind of adaptive immunity in invertebrates?

Author:
Arala-Chaves, M.; Sequeira, T.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 247-258
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
intensive forestry; Crustacea; antigens; T-lymphocytes; bacteria; phylogeny; disease control; immunoglobulins; major histocompatibility complex; adhesion; immunostimulants; vaccination; receptors; hemocytes; fungi
Abstract:
... The possible existence of a peculiar form of adaptive immunity in invertebrates is important for a better understanding of immunological evolution and for the development of vaccination strategies. These may be relevant in the control of infectious diseases, common under intensive farming of economically important crustaceans. Adaptive immunity has been assumed to be absent from invertebrates beca ...

9. Lectins, as non-self-recognition factors, in crustaceans

Author:
Marques, M.R.F.; Barracco, M.A.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 23-44
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Crustacea; lectins; immune system; defense mechanisms; mortality; pathogens; hemolymph; opsonins; immune response; disease resistance; disease prevention
Abstract:
... Invertebrate immune system must rely on non-self-recognition molecules to ensure efficient defence responses against infectious pathogens that continuously threaten their survival. Lectins from the hemolymph of invertebrates, including crustaceans, have been regarded as potential molecules involved in immune recognition and microorganism phagocytosis through opsonization. This report presents an o ...

10. Measurement of reactive oxygen intermediate production in haemocytes of the penaeid shrimp, Penaeus vannamei

Author:
Munoz, M.; Cedeno, R.; Rodriguez, J.; Knaap, W.P.W. van der.; Mialhe, E.; Bachere, E.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 89-107
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Vibrio; quantitative analysis; Litopenaeus vannamei; assays; bacteria; shrimp culture; propiconazole; pathogens; pollutants; nitroblue tetrazolium; anions; oxides; culture media; mortality; hemocytes
Abstract:
... A spectrophotometric nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assay was used to demonstrate the production of superoxide anions (O2-) by haemocytes of the white shrimp Penaeus vannamei. It was found that haemocytes, without receiving an experimental stimulant, showed a rather high background activity. Therefore, optimal parameters (number of haemocytes, type of incubation medium, type and concentrati ...

11. Osmoregulatory capacity as a tool in monitoring the physiological condition and the effect of stress in crustaceans

Author:
Lignot, J.H.; Spanings-Pierrot, C.; Charmantier, G.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 209-245
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
Crustacea; osmosis; monitoring; biomarkers; animal physiology; water pollution; pollutants; pathogens; sodium; chlorides; ion transport; osmotic pressure; salinity; ultrastructure; animal anatomy; adenosinetriphosphatase; permeability
Abstract:
... Exposure to water-borne pollutants, environmental stressors and pathological agents of a crustacean capable of osmoregulation usually results in a decrease of its Na+ and Cl- regulation and/or of its osmoregulatory capacity (OC: difference between the osmotic pressures of the hemolymph and of the external medium, at a given salinity). The partial or complete loss of osmoregulatory and ionoregulato ...

12. Penaeidins, antimicrobial peptides of shrimp: a comparison with other effectors of innate immunity

Author:
Bachere, E.; Destoumieux, D.; Bulet, P.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 71-88
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
antimicrobial properties; protein synthesis; peptides; amino acid sequences; immune response; immune system; Penaeidae; molecular weight; shrimp; defense mechanisms
Abstract:
... The production of antimicrobial peptides is a first-line host defense mechanism of innate immunity. However, in spite of the importance of infectious diseases in crustaceans, few molecules displaying antimicrobial activities have been fully characterized in these invertebrates. This paper presents the recent findings on the identification of a family of antimicrobial peptides, named penaeidins, in ...

13. Penaeid shrimp hemolymph lipoproteins

Author:
Yepiz-Plascencia, G.; Vargas-Albores, F.; Higuera-Ciapara, I.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 177-189
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
polypeptides; lipoproteins; hydrocarbons; diacylglycerols; gender differences; triacylglycerols; hepatopancreas; cholesterol; amino acid sequences; hemolymph; hydrophobicity; phospholipids; molecular weight; Penaeus
Abstract:
... Due to their hydrophobic nature, lipids are transported in the hemolymph of shrimp by protein-lipid-complexes named lipoproteins. Since cholesterol (Ch) and polyunsaturated lipids must be provided by the diet, and they are stored mainly in the hepatopancreas; a special vehicle is necessary for their mobilization to other tissues. Two types of hemolymph lipoproteins have been isolated from penaeid ...

14. Shrimp endocrinology. A review

Author:
Huberman, A.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 191-208
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
mechanism of action; metabolism; ecdysteroids; endocrine glands; neuropeptides; amino acid sequences; shrimp; shrimp culture; hormones
Abstract:
... Despite the growing importance of shrimp aquaculture, the study of shrimp endocrinology is lagging behind the effort invested in the study of crayfish, crabs, and lobster endocrine glands and their hormones. Fortunately, there is an increasing number of laboratories interested in the specific study of metabolism and endocrinology of cultured species of shrimp. Recent advances in the sequence eluci ...

15. Shrimp immunity and disease control

Author:
Bachere, E.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 3-11
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
intensive forestry; monitoring; assays; disease prevention; animal physiology; disease resistance; shrimp; Penaeidae; immune response; shrimp culture
Abstract:
... The sustainability and development of shrimp aquaculture are largely at stake as significant ecological and pathological problems are increasing in the vast majority of the shrimp producing countries. Prevention and control of diseases are now the priority for the durability of this industry. Within the past decade, intensification of the shrimp production, based on progress in zootechnology, has ...

16. State of the art of immunological tools and health control of penaeid shrimp

Author:
Rodriguez, J.; Le Moullac, G.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 109-119
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
free radicals; biomarkers; disease prevention; sanitation; oxidoreductases; pathogenicity; Penaeidae; phagocytosis; oxides; body condition; shrimp culture; pathogens
Abstract:
... Shrimp farming constitutes an important source of revenue and employment in many developing countries. However, infectious diseases have affected the profitability of the shrimp industry. For this reason, disease prevention is a priority and shrimp immunology has become a prime area of research. In such a perspective, studies into the value of cellular and humoral parameters as indicators of shrim ...

17. The use and selection of probiotic bacteria for use in the culture of larval aquatic organisms

Author:
Gomez-Gil, B.; Roque, A.; Turnbull, J.F.
Source:
Aquaculture 2000 no.1/3 pp. 259-270
ISSN:
0044-8486
Subject:
oysters; Vibrio; Lactobacillus; crabs; rearing; Bacillus (bacteria); probiotics; fish; shrimp; larvae; Pseudomonas; selection criteria; mortality
Abstract:
... Research in probiotics for aquaculture is at an early stage of development and much work is still needed. The principal bacterial groups tested as probionts in the culture of shrimp, crab, oyster and fish have been Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and several lactobacilli. The available information is inconclusive, since few experiments with sufficiently robust design have been conducted to permit c ...