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- Author:
- Alexander, David E.
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2018 v.47 no.4 pp. 322-327
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Devonian period; Plecoptera; arthropods; evolution; flight; fossils; gills; insect flight; insects; models; wings
- Abstract:
- ... The gill and paranotal lobe theories of insect wing evolution were both proposed in the 1870s. For most of the 20th century, the paranotal lobe theory was more widely accepted, probably due to the fundamentally terrestrial tracheal respiratory system; in the 1970s, some researchers advocated for an elaborated gill (“pleural appendage”) theory. Lacking transition fossils, neither theory could be de ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2017.11.007
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2017.11.007
- Author:
- Porto, Diego S.; Almeida, Eduardo A.B.
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2019 v.50 pp. 64-77
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Apoidea; Crabronidae; Sphecidae; arthropods; bees; comparative study; pharynx; phylogeny; wasps
- Abstract:
- ... The pharyngeal plate is a morphological complex with extensive anatomical variation among bees and, therefore, potential as a source of phylogenetic information. The pharyngeal plate of bees is divided into four morphologically distinct regions: sitophore, hypopharyngeal lobe, pharyngeal rods, and median oral plate. In this work we illustrate and document in detail for the first time the pharyngea ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2019.04.002
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2019.04.002
- Author:
- Scholtz, Gerhard; Ng, Peter K.L.; Moore, Stephen
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2014 v.43 no.2 pp. 163-173
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- abnormal development; brain; crabs; eyes; freshwater; head; New Zealand
- Abstract:
- ... We describe a malformed specimen of the freshwater crab Amarinus lacustris from New Zealand. With three eyes in a horizontal row, two rostra, and a dorsal antenna-like structure, the pattern of malformation of this animal is unique and has not been described before. A careful inspection and description of external and internal structures, in particular the central nervous system, were carried out. ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2013.10.007
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2013.10.007
- Author:
- Balzer, Zachary S.; Davis, Arthur R.
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2019
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Andrena; Stylops; appendages; arthropods; bees; exine; foraging; hairs; head; host seeking; hosts; imagos; insect flight; insect larvae; legs; nests; parasites; phoresy; pollen; pollen loads
- Abstract:
- ... The morphology of the prognathous, host-seeking first-instar larvae of Stylops advarians was examined to advance our understanding of their adaptations to reach immature bee hosts, a process requiring temporal phoresy on an adult bee. Sensory structures on the larval head, including eye spots and two pairs of olfactory pits, evidently assist recognition of an adult bee and eventual detection of a ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2019.100881
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2019.100881
- Author:
- Pérez-de la Fuente, Ricardo; Delclòs, Xavier; Peñalver, Enrique; Engel, Michael S.
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2016 v.45 no.2 pp. 133-139
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Chrysopidae; amber; arthropods; defensive behavior; ferns and fern allies; fossils; insect behavior; lacewings; lifestyle; plant-insect relations; trichomes; wildfires; Spain
- Abstract:
- ... Amber holds special paleobiological significance due to its ability to preserve direct evidence of biotic interactions and animal behaviors for millions of years. Here we review the finding of Hallucinochrysa diogenesi Pérez-de la Fuente, Delclòs, Peñalver and Engel, 2012, a morphologically atypical larva related to modern green lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera) that was described in Early Cretaceou ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2015.08.002
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2015.08.002
- Author:
- Zieger, Elisabeth; Bräunig, Peter; Harzsch, Steffen
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2013 v.42 no.6 pp. 507-520
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Crustacea; adults; brain; crayfish; embryogenesis; head; immunohistochemistry; insects; microscopy; migratory behavior; neurites; neurogenesis; ontogeny; phylogeny; ventral nerve cord
- Abstract:
- ... It is well established that the brains of adult malacostracan crustaceans and winged insects display distinct homologies down to the level of single neuropils such as the central complex and the optic neuropils. We wanted to know if developing insect and crustacean brains also share similarities and therefore have explored how neurotransmitter systems arise during arthropod embryogenesis. Previous ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2013.08.004
- PubMed:
- 24067539
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2013.08.004
- Author:
- Schneeberg, Katharina; Courtney, Gregory W.; Beutel, Rolf G.
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2011 v.40 no.1 pp. 93-104
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- insect anatomy; insect morphology; Diptera; longevity; evolution; head; animal taxonomy; imagos; antennae
- Abstract:
- ... Adult head structures of Deuterophlebia coloradensis were examined, 3-dimensionally reconstructed and described. The results are compared to those of other representatives of basal dipteran lineages, primarily Nymphomyia dolichopeza (Nymphomyiidae) and Edwardsina gracilis (Blephariceridae). The head structures are extremely simplified. The labrum, mandibles, maxillae and labium are completely redu ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2010.07.002
- PubMed:
- 20637300
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2010.07.002
- Author:
- Oeyen, Jan Philip; Wesener, Thomas
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2018 v.47 no.2 pp. 214-228
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Glomerida; Glomeridesmida; Sphaerotheriida; Spirobolida; arthropods; males; monophyly; scanning electron microscopy
- Abstract:
- ... The pill millipedes of the order Glomerida are a moderately diverse group with a classical Holarctic distribution pattern. Their classification is based on a typological system utilizing mainly a single character complex, the male telopods. In order to infer the apomorphies of the Glomerida, to elucidate its position in the Pentazonia, and to test the monophyly of its families and subfamilies, we ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2018.02.005
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2018.02.005
- Author:
- Nilsson, D.E.; Kelber, A.
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2007 v.36 no.4 pp. 373-385
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- ommatidia; arthropods; animal morphology; phylogeny; polarized light; natural selection; vision; photoreceptors; Arthropoda
- Abstract:
- ... New data on the phylogenetic relationships of various arthropod groups have spurred interesting attempts to reconstruct the evolution of arthropod nervous and visual systems. Some of the relevant new data are cell identities and developmental processes in the nervous and sensory systems, which is particularly useful for reconstructing the evolution of these systems. Here, we focus on the structure ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2007.07.003
- PubMed:
- 18089116
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2007.07.003
- Author:
- Šobotník, Jan; Kutalová, Kateřina; Vytisková, Blahoslava; Roisin, Yves; Bourguignon, Thomas
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2014 v.43 no.3 pp. 205-210
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Termitidae; evolution; granules; predators; secretion; ultrastructure; water uptake
- Abstract:
- ... Protection against predators and competitors is one of the main concerns of termite colonies, which developed a specialised defensive caste, the soldiers. However, soldiers are rare or even missing in several lineages of termites, while workers often develop new defence strategies especially in soil-feeding species. Here, we describe the morphology and ultrastructure of the autothysis-associated g ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2014.02.003
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2014.02.003
- Author:
- Boudinot, Brendon E.
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2018 v.47 no.6 pp. 563-613
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Protura; Remipedia; arthropods; female genitalia; females; insects; male genitalia; musculoskeletal system; penis; terminology
- Abstract:
- ... No consensus exists for the homology and terminology of the male genitalia of the Hexapoda despite over a century of debate. Based on dissections and the literature, genital skeletomusculature was compared across the Hexapoda and contrasted with the Remipedia, the closest pancrustacean outgroup. The pattern of origin and insertion for extrinsic and intrinsic genitalic musculature was found to be c ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2018.11.001
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2018.11.001
- Author:
- Kuřavová, Kateřina; Hajduková, Lenka; Kočárek, Petr
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2014 v.43 no.3 pp. 187-192
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Tetrix; adults; females; grasses; grasshoppers; males
- Abstract:
- ... A study was conducted to determine whether the mandibles of the detrito-/bryophagous groundhopper Tetrix tenuicornis are subject to mechanical wear as a result of feeding, as is the case for grasshoppers that feed on silica-rich grasses. Abrasion was evaluated by measuring the length and width of the 3rd incisor and length of the 4th incisor in adults of different ages collected under natural cond ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2014.02.002
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2014.02.002
- Author:
- Frantsevich, Leonid
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2016 v.45 no.1 pp. 2-13
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Calliphora vicina; adults; ethanol; juveniles; legs; mechanics; pupae; puparium; sclerotization
- Abstract:
- ... Legs in a fly pupa are tightly folded in Z-configuration: the femur points forward. The fly emerges from the pupa with all legs stretched backwards. How does the fly turn long femora inside the tight puparium? Flies were captured during emergence at various moments of progress out of the puparium and at once fixed in ethanol, postfixed in Bouin's solution. Specimens were ranged by the grade of pro ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2016.01.002
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2016.01.002
- Author:
- Sabo, Chelsea; Chisholm, Robert; Petterson, Adam; Cope, Alex
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2017 v.46 no.5 pp. 689-702
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- bees; cameras; cognition; energy; flight; models; robots; vision
- Abstract:
- ... Designing hardware for miniaturized robotics which mimics the capabilities of flying insects is of interest, because they share similar constraints (i.e. small size, low weight, and low energy consumption). Research in this area aims to enable robots with similarly efficient flight and cognitive abilities. Visual processing is important to flying insects' impressive flight capabilities, but curren ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2017.08.001
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2017.08.001
- Author:
- Foelix, Rainer; Erb, Bruno; Rast, Bastian
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2013 v.42 no.3 pp. 209-217
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Theraphosidae; chemoreceptors; dendrites; feet; hairs; innervation; insects; silk; silk glands; transmission electron microscopy
- Abstract:
- ... Several studies on tarantulas have claimed that their tarsi could secrete fine silk threads which would provide additional safety lines for maintaining a secure foot-hold on smooth vertical surfaces. This interpretation was seriously questioned by behavioral experiments, and more recently morphological evidence indicated that the alleged spigots (“ribbed hairs”) were not secretory but most likely ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2013.02.005
- PubMed:
- 23474440
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2013.02.005
- Author:
- Shaha, Rajib Krishna; Vogt, Jessica Ruth; Han, Chung-Souk; Dillon, Michael E.
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2013 v.42 no.5 pp. 437-442
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Schistocerca americana; body size; cost effectiveness; evolution; grasshoppers; insect morphology; labor; light microscopy; micro-computed tomography; pest control; respiratory physiology; transmission electron microscopy
- Abstract:
- ... Variation in the morphology of the insect tracheal system can strongly affect respiratory physiology, with implications for everything from pest control to evolution of insect body size. However, the small size of most insects has made measuring the morphology of their tracheal systems difficult. Historical approaches including light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SE ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2013.06.003
- PubMed:
- 23831527
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2013.06.003
- Author:
- Paoli, Francesco; Roversi, Pio Federico; Gottardo, Marco; Callaini, Giuliano; Mercati, David; Dallai, Romano
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2015 v.44 no.3 pp. 237-242
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Drosophila melanogaster; Matsucoccus feytaudi; antibodies; centrioles; flagellum; fluorescence; microtubules; sperm motility; spermatids; spermatozoa; spermiogenesis; tubulin
- Abstract:
- ... A microtubule organizing centre (MTOC) has been described in the spermatid of the hemipteran Matsucoccus feytaudi (Coccoidea). This structure, revealed as a fluorescent ring by treatment with γ-tubulin antibody, gives rise to a bundle of microtubules which surrounds the elongated cylindrical nucleus. This microtubule bundle has been considered an atypical sperm flagellum provided with sperm motili ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2015.03.002
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2015.03.002
- Author:
- Janssen, Ralf
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2017 v.46 no.3 pp. 341-353
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Drosophila; Onychophora; arthropods; homeotic genes
- Abstract:
- ... This paper summarizes our current knowledge on the expression and assumed function of Drosophila and (other) arthropod segmentation gene orthologs in Onychophora, a closely related outgroup to Arthropoda. This includes orthologs of the so-called Drosophila segmentation gene cascade including the Hox genes, as well as other genetic factors and pathways involved in non-drosophilid arthropods.Open qu ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2016.10.004
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2016.10.004
- Author:
- Held, Martina; Le, Kim; Pegel, Uta; Dersch, Florian; Beetz, M. Jerome; Pfeiffer, Keram; Homberg, Uwe
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2020 v.58 pp. 100971
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Schistocerca gregaria; arthropods; electron microscopy; light; locusts; neurons
- Abstract:
- ... Locusts, like other insects, partly rely on a sun compass mechanism for spatial orientation during seasonal migrations. To serve as a useful guiding cue throughout the day, however, the sun's apparent movement has to be accounted for. In locusts, a neural pathway from the accessory medulla, the circadian pacemaker, via the posterior optic tubercle, to the protocerebral bridge, part of the internal ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2020.100971
-
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.100971
- Author:
- Hu, Ji-Hua; Wang, Zhi-Ying; Sun, Fan
- Source:
- Arthropod structure & development 2011 v.40 no.5 pp. 420-428
- ISSN:
- 1467-8039
- Subject:
- Scarabaeidae; antennal lobe; females; males; nerve tissue; sexual dimorphism
- Abstract:
- ... The glomerular organization of the primary olfactory brain center, the antennal lobe, was studied in males and females of Holotrichia diomphalia adults using serial histological sections labeled by the reduced silver-stain technique. The results revealed an apparent sexual dimorphism. Whereas an enlarged cap-shaped glomerulus was found at the antennal nerve entrance into the antennal lobe in males ...
- DOI:
- 10.1016/j.asd.2011.03.003
- PubMed:
- 21889404
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2011.03.003
