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You searched for: Journal name Avian diseases Remove constraint Journal name: Avian diseases Publication year rev 7986-2014 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7986-2014 Source 2014 v.58 no.3 Remove constraint Source: 2014 v.58 no.3
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1. Biological Characteristics of Chinese Precocious Strain of Eimeria acervulina and Its Immune Efficacy Against Different Field Strains

Author:
Wu Lin-Lin; Lin Rui-Qing; Sun Ming-Fei; Liu Li-Dan; Duan Wen-Fang; Zou Shang-Shu; Yuan Zi-Guo; Weng Ya-Biao
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 367-372
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Eimeria acervulina; body weight changes; chickens; coccidiosis; digestive system; immune response; oocysts; polymerase chain reaction; poultry diseases; vaccines; weight gain; China
Abstract:
... In this study, the biologic characteristics of one experimental precocious strain of Eimeria acervulina and seven field isolates from different geographic locations in China were compared, and the immune efficacy of two precocious strains against coccidiosis in chickens was assessed to explore their potential use as coccidiosis vaccines. All the different strains were purified by single oocyst sep ...
DOI:
10.1637/10706-102413.1

2. Description of Rotavirus F in Broilers from Brazilian Poultry Farms

Author:
Beserra L. A. R.; Gregori F.
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 458-461
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Rotavirus; bird diseases; birds; feces; gastroenteritis; genome; mammals; nucleotide sequences; poultry; poultry industry; structural proteins
Abstract:
... Rotaviruses are segmented double-stranded RNA viruses that cause gastroenteritis in mammals and birds. Here we describe the first partial nucleotide sequences of the structural protein VP6 from the genomes of group F rotaviruses that were detected in 5 out of 53 fecal samples (9.43%) from healthy broilers from Brazilian poultry farms based on reverse-transcriptase–PCR with primers designed for thi ...
DOI:
10.1637/10747-121613-ResNote.1

3. Detection of Infectious Bronchitis Virus with the Use of Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase–PCR and Correlation with Virus Detection in Embryonated Eggs

Author:
Roh Ha-Jung; Jordan Brian J.; Hilt Deborah A.; Jackwood Mark W.
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 398-403
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Infectious bronchitis virus; bird diseases; birds; eggs; guidelines; nucleic acids; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; vaccination; vaccines; viruses
Abstract:
... Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays have been used to detect the presence of challenge virus when the efficacy of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccine against field viruses is being experimentally evaluated. However, federal guidelines for licensing IBV vaccines indicate that challenge-virus detection following vaccination is to be conducted ...
DOI:
10.1637/10764-010914-Reg.1

4. Development and Application of a Vaccination Planning Tool for Avian Influenza

Author:
Castellan David M.; Hinrichs Jan; Fusheng Guo; Sawitri Elly; Dung Do Huu; Martin Vincent; McGrane James; Bandyopadhayay Santanu; Inui Ken; Yamage Mat; Ahmed Garba Maina; Macfarlane Laura; Williams Tony; Dissanayake Ravi; Akram Muhammad; Kalpravidh Wantanee; Gopinath C. Y.; Morzaria Subhash
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 437-452
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Influenza A virus; avian influenza; planning; poultry; vaccination; South Asia
Abstract:
... The vaccination planning tool for avian influenza supports evidence-based planning and preparedness for vaccinating poultry at national and regional levels. This study describes the development, testing, and application of a vaccination planning tool for H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) used in two South Asian countries. The tool consists of eight planning clusters, 37 planning elemen ...
DOI:
10.1637/10827-032414-Reg.1

5. Effects of Dexamethasone Immunosuppression on Turkey Clostridial Dermatitis

Author:
Thachil Anil J.; Shaw Daniel P.; Nagaraja Kakambi V.
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 433-436
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Clostridium perfringens; Clostridium septicum; bacterial infections; dermatitis; dexamethasone; immune system; mortality; oral administration; oxygen; pathogens; population density; poultry diseases; poults; soil; spore-forming bacteria; spores; toxins; turkeys
Abstract:
... Clostridia represents a group of anaerobic spore-forming bacteria ubiquitous in the poultry environment. They are widely distributed in soil and survive for many years as highly resistant, inactive spores. They enter the body through wounds and contaminated feed as active bacteria or spores. Multiplication of clostridial bacteria occurs only in the absence of oxygen or in environments with very lo ...
DOI:
10.1637/10819-031314-Reg.1

6. Gastric Duplication: Proventricular Cystic Choristoma on the Spleen of a Broiler Chicken

Author:
Ahmed Mohamed Sabry; Sasaki Jun; Goryo Masanobu
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 495-498
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
bird diseases; broiler chickens; gastric mucosa; histopathology; humans; muscle fibers; necropsy; pancreas; slaughterhouses; smooth muscle; spleen; staining
Abstract:
... Gastric duplication (choristoma) is a very rare anomaly in both humans and other animal species. We report herein a case of proventricular cystic choristoma in a 62-day-old broiler chicken. The broiler chicken was brought from the slaughterhouse to our laboratory after a pale-brown cystic structure closely attached to a thin, compressed spleen was identified. On necropsy, the cystic structure show ...
DOI:
10.1637/10835-040114-Case.1

7. Lack of Evidence That Avian Oncogenic Viruses Are Infectious for Humans: A Review

Author:
Schat Karel A.; Erb Hollis N.
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 345-358
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Avian leukosis virus; DNA; Fowlpox virus; Marek disease; Primates; Reticuloendotheliosis virus; Yellow fever virus; absorption; antibodies; antigens; broiler chickens; business enterprises; cell culture; epidemiological studies; etiology; flocks; gene expression; human diseases; humans; meat processing plants; neoplasms; oncogenic viruses; people; receptors; risk factors; sclerosis; statistical analysis; vaccines; United States
Abstract:
... Chickens may be infected with three different oncogenic viruses: avian leukosis virus (ALV), reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV), and Marek's disease herpesvirus (MDV). Several epidemiological studies have suggested a link between these viruses and different types of cancer in people working in poultry processing plants and with multiple sclerosis. In this article, we analyze the epidemiological evi ...
DOI:
10.1637/10847-041514-Review.1

8. Liver Pathology Associated with Increased Mortality in Turkey Breeder and Meat Turkey Flocks

Author:
Popp Christina; Hauck Rüdiger; Vahlenkamp Thomas W.; Lüschow Dörte; Kershaw Olivia; Hoferer Marc; Hafez Hafez M.
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 474-481
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Aviadenovirus; Protoparvovirus; RNA; Reoviridae; electron microscopy; etiology; flocks; hemorrhage; hens; hepatitis; hepatocytes; histopathology; intestines; liver; metabolic diseases; mortality; nuclear inclusions; pericardium; polymerase chain reaction; poultry diseases; selenium; spleen; turkeys; virion; vitamin E; vitamin supplements; Germany
Abstract:
... Between 2006 and 2011 a series of disease conditions characterized by raised mortality and liver disorders occurred in turkey breeder flocks and in meat turkey flocks in Germany. The flocks were between 12 and 23 wk of age, and mostly hens were affected. Clinical signs were nonspecific and accompanied by mortality varying between 1% and 7%. Affected birds displayed swollen livers that were marbled ...
DOI:
10.1637/10675-092413-Case.1

9. Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Study of Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated in Iran, 2010–2012

Author:
Hosseini Hossein; Langeroudi Arash Ghalyanchi; Torabi Reza
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 373-376
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Newcastle disease; amino acid sequences; commercial farms; control methods; genetic drift; genome; genotype; phenylalanine; phylogeny; poultry industry; virulence; viruses; Iran
Abstract:
... Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious viral disease and has been a constant threat to the poultry industry worldwide. In this study, partial sequences of ND virus (NDV) fusion genome collected from some provinces in Iran during 2010–2012 in vaccinated commercial farms were characterized and compared with other NDV sequences. All viruses showed the amino acid sequence 112 RRQKRF117 at the C ...
DOI:
10.1637/10743-120713-Reg.1

10. Pathogenesis of Histomonosis in Experimentally Infected Specific-Pathogen-Free (SPF) Layer-Type Chickens and SPF Meat-Type Chickens

Author:
Lotfi Abdulrahman; Hauck Rüdiger; Olias Philipp; Hafez Hafez M.
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 427-432
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
DNA; Histomonas meleagridis; bird diseases; broiler chickens; cecum; chicken breeds; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; epithelium; genetic background; histopathology; humoral immunity; inflammation; kidneys; liver; lungs; necrosis; parasites; pathogenesis; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; specific pathogen-free animals; spleen; trophozoites
Abstract:
... Several studies have shown differences in the course of histomonosis, the infection with the trichomonad parasite Histomonas meleagridis, in different chicken breeds. In the present study, 10 specific-pathogen-free (SPF) layer-type (LT) chickens and twelve SPF meat-type (MT) chickens were infected intracloacally with 200,000 H. meleagridis trophozoites. One and two weeks postinfection (p.i.), thre ...
DOI:
10.1637/10782-012814-Reg.1

11. Potency, Efficacy, and Antigenic Mapping of H7 Avian Influenza Virus Vaccines Against the 2012 H7N3 Highly Pathogenic Avian Invluenza Virus from Mexico

Author:
Erica Spackman; Xiu-Feng Wan; Darrell Kapczynski; Yifei Xu; Mary Pantin-Jackwood; David L. Suarez; David Swayne
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 359-366
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Influenza A virus; antigenic variation; chickens; disease prevention; dose response; epitope mapping; genetic distance; hemagglutination; hemagglutination inhibition test; morbidity; mortality; pathogenicity; vaccination; viral vaccines; virulent strains; viruses; wild birds; Mexico
Abstract:
... In the spring of 2012 an outbreak of H7N3 highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza virus (AIV) occurred in poultry in Mexico. Vaccination was implemented as a control measure, along with increased biosecurity and surveillance. At that time there was no commercially available H7 AIV vaccine in North America; therefore, a recent H7N3 wild bird isolate of low pathogenicity from Mexico (A/cinnamon teal/ ...
Handle:
10113/59857
DOI:
10.1637/10751-121913-Reg.1

12. Survivability of Eurasian H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Water Varies Between Strains

Author:
Justin Brown; David Stallknecht; Camille Lebarbenchon; David Swayne
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 453-457
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Influenza A virus; aquatic habitat; avian influenza; pH; salinity; temperature; waterfowl
Abstract:
... Aquatic habitats play a critical role in the transmission and maintenance of low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses in wild waterfowl; however, the importance of these environments in the ecology of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses is unknown. In laboratory-based studies, LPAI viruses can remain infective for extended durations (months) in water, but the persistence is ...
Handle:
10113/60142
DOI:
10.1637/10741-120513-ResNote.1
PubMed:
25518441

13. Effect of Cold Stress on Expression of AMPKα–PPARα Pathway and Inflammation Genes

Author:
Zhang Zi-wei; Bi Ming-yu; Yao Hai-dong; Fu Jing; Li Shu; Xu Shi-wen
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 415-426
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
AMP-activated protein kinase; acetyl-CoA carboxylase; alanine transaminase; aspartate transaminase; blood serum; carnitine; chickens; chicks; cold; cold shock response; cold stress; cytokines; fractionation; genes; heme oxygenase (biliverdin-producing); high density lipoprotein cholesterol; histopathology; inducible nitric oxide synthase; inflammation; lipid metabolism; liver; low density lipoprotein; males; poultry diseases; prostaglandin synthase; temperature; transcription factor NF-kappa B
Abstract:
... Animals are exposed to various environmental stresses every day, including the stress associated with living in cold temperatures. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible mechanisms of interaction between lipid metabolism and inflammation induced by cold stress in the livers of chickens. Fifteen-day-old male chicks were randomly allocated into 12 groups (10 chickens per group). After ...
DOI:
10.1637/10763-010814-Reg.1

14. Evaluation of Capillary and Myofiber Density in the Pectoralis Major Muscles of Rapidly Growing, High-Yield Broiler Chickens During Increased Heat Stress

Author:
Joiner K. S.; Hamlin G. A.; Lien R. J.; Bilgili S. F.
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 377-382
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
ambient temperature; blood vessels; body weight; broiler chickens; cell nucleus; embryogenesis; hatching; heat stress; hypertrophy; muscle development; muscles; oxygen; poultry diseases; poultry production; rearing
Abstract:
... Skeletal muscle development proceeds from early embryogenesis through marketing age in broiler chickens. While myofiber formation is essentially complete at hatching, myofiber hypertrophy can increase after hatch by assimilation of satellite cell nuclei into myofibers. As the diameter of the myofibers increases, capillary density peripheral to the myofiber is marginalized, limiting oxygen supply a ...
DOI:
10.1637/10733-112513-Reg.1

15. Evaluation of an Experimental Irradiated Oocyst Vaccine to Protect Broiler Chicks Against Avian Coccidiosis

Author:
Fetterer Raymond H.; Jenkins Mark C.; Miska Katarzyna B.; Barfield Ruth C.
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 391-397
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Eimeria acervulina; Eimeria maxima; Eimeria tenella; adverse effects; bird diseases; body composition; broiler chickens; chicks; coccidiosis; feed conversion; gamma radiation; immunization; oocysts; vaccines; virulence; weight gain
Abstract:
... The current study investigates the use of irradiated oocysts to protect broiler chicks, raised on litter, from infection with multiple species of Eimeria. In order to determine the optimum radiation dose for each Eimeria species, 1-day-old chicks were immunized with oocysts of Eimeria maxima, Eimeria acervulina, or Eimeria tenella exposed to gamma radiation ranging from 0–500 Gy. The litter oocyst ...
DOI:
10.1637/10679-092613-Reg.1

16. Expression of Genes Encoding Matrilin-3 and Cyclin-I During the Impairment and Recovery of Chicken Growth Plate in Tibial Dyschondroplasia

Author:
Shahzad Muhammad; Gao Jianfeng; Qin Ping; Liu Jingying; Wang Zhi; Zhang Ding; Li Jiakui
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 468-473
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
bone formation; cartilage; cell differentiation; chickens; dyschondroplasia; gene expression; genes; growth plate; immunohistochemistry; messenger RNA; polymerase chain reaction; poultry diseases; proteins; tibia
Abstract:
... Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a skeletal disease characterized by the disruption of endochondral bone formation in avian species. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of Matrilin-3 and Cyclin-I genes in chicken growth plate during impairment and recovery from TD. Gene expressions were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, and proteins by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridi ...
DOI:
10.1637/10781-012614-ResNote.1

17. The First Case of a Major Avian Type C Botulism Outbreak in Poland

Author:
Włodarczyk Radosław; Minias Piotr; Kukier Elżbieta; Grenda Tomasz; Śmietanka Krzysztof; Janiszewski Tomasz
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 488-490
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Anas platyrhynchos; Clostridium botulinum; Fulica atra; bird diseases; botulinum toxin; botulism; case studies; climatic factors; habitats; waterfowl; Central European region; Poland
Abstract:
... Major outbreaks of avian type C botulism have been rarely reported from Central Europe. In this paper, we report the first severe outbreak of avian type C botulism in Poland. In 2011–12, two epizootics caused by Clostridium botulinum took place at Jeziorsko dam reservoir and affected an estimated number of 5500 birds in 2011 and 1600 birds in 2012. In total, 24 species of waterbirds were affected, ...
DOI:
10.1637/10669-091913-Case.1

18. Fowl Typhoid (Salmonella Gallinarum) Outbreak in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Author:
Casagrande Renata A.; Barth Wouters Angelica T.; Wouters Flademir; Pissetti Caroline; de Itapema Cardoso Marisa R.; Driemeier David
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 491-494
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Coturnix japonica; Salmonella Gallinarum; air; air sacs; birds; blood sampling; blood vessels; bone marrow; brain; bursa of Fabricius; cecum; cytoplasm; esophagus; flocks; fowl typhoid; gizzard; granules; heart; histopathology; immunohistochemistry; intestinal mucosa; kidneys; liver; lungs; macrophages; necropsy; necrosis; nephritis; oviducts; pancreas; peritonitis; proventriculus; skeletal muscle; small intestine; spleen; staining
Abstract:
... A fowl typhoid (FT) outbreak is reported in a flock of 400 Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at 91 days of age. Of these, 222 died suddenly, and necropsy revealed swollen liver and spleen with off-white to yellowish granules and reddish small intestine mucosa. Histopathology showed severe multifocal necrosis of liver and spleen (5/5), pulmonary congestion with macrophage infiltration in ...
DOI:
10.1637/10796-021114-Case.1

19. In Vitro Inactivation of Two Egyptian A/H5N1 Viruses by Four Commercial Chemical Disinfectants

Author:
Marzouk Eman; Abd El-Hamid Hatem S.; Awad Ashraf M.; Zessin Karl-Hans; Abdelwhab E. M.; Hafez Hafez M.
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 462-467
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Influenza A virus; ambient temperature; cleaning; disinfectants; disinfection; exposure duration; flocks; formalin; glutaraldehyde; organic matter; porosity; poultry; poultry industry; viruses; wood; Egypt
Abstract:
... The highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus (A/H5N1) devastated the poultry industry and posed a serious health threat. Cleaning and disinfection are essential parts of preventative and postoutbreak management of A/H5N1 infections in poultry. In this preliminary study, we used suspension and carrier tests to evaluate the impact of concentration, time of exposure, surface porosity, and organic ...
DOI:
10.1637/10771-011614-ResNote.1

20. Mucin Gene mRNA Levels in Broilers Challenged with Eimeria and/or Clostridium perfringens

Author:
Kitessa Soressa M.; Nattrass Gregory S.; Forder Rebecca E. A.; McGrice Hayley A.; Wu Shu-Biao; Hughes Robert J.
Source:
Avian diseases 2014 v.58 no.3 pp. 408-414
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
Clostridium perfringens; Eimeria; bird diseases; birds; diet; fish meal; genes; inflammation; interleukin-18; jejunum; males; messenger RNA; mucins; necropsy; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Abstract:
... The effects of Eimeria (EM) and Clostridium perfringens (CP) challenges on the mRNA levels of genes involved in mucin (Muc) synthesis (Muc2, Muc5ac, Muc13, and trefoil family factor-2 [TFF2]), inflammation (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α] and interleukin-18 [IL-18]), and metabolic processes (cluster of differentiation [CD]36) in the jejunum of broilers were investigated. Two parallel experimen ...
DOI:
10.1637/10757-122313-Reg.1