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Avian diseases
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7994-2006
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2006 v.50 no.3
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- Author:
- Hsu, C.M.; Ko, C.Y.; Tsai, H.J.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 348-353
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- epidemiological studies; sequence analysis; disease detection; viral diseases of animals and humans; disease prevalence; polymerase chain reaction; phylogeny; Psittaciformes; Beak and feather disease virus; amino acid sequences; Aves polyomavirus 1; genomics; nucleotide sequences; bird diseases; molecular epidemiology; budgerigars; microbial genetics; disease incidence; Taiwan
- Abstract:
- ... Avian polyomavirus (APV) and psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV) are the most common viral diseases of psittacine birds. In Taiwan, however, the existence of these viruses in psittacine birds has not been established. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology was therefore employed to ascertain whether APV and PBFDV genomes were present in isolates from psittacine birds of Taiwan. ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7485-121105R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039833
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7485-121105R.1
- Author:
- Agunos, A.; Silphaduang, U.; Mine, Y.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 366-373
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- epidemiological studies; broiler chickens; in vivo studies; animal pathology; freeze drying; laying hens; Salmonella Enteritidis; immunotherapy; poultry diseases; digestive system; inflammation; diet therapy; animal age; dietary exposure; salmonellosis; immune response; feed supplements; yolk proteins; histopathology; signs and symptoms (animals and humans)
- Abstract:
- ... Chicken consumption is a newly identified risk factor in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) infection in humans. SE is widely distributed in commercial chicken flocks and high levels of cecal carriage and shedding may lead to broiler meat contamination. In the present study, the preventive and eliminative effect of nonimmunized freeze-dried egg yolk powder (EYP) on SE in broilers was inv ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7443-092205R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039835
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7443-092205R.1
- Author:
- Zhang, G.Z.; Zhao, J.X.; Wang, H.W.; Yang, A.M.; Bu, C.Y.; Wang, M.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 386-390
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- Orthorubulavirus; hemagglutination inhibition test; phylogeny; bird diseases; antigenic variation; viral diseases of animals and humans; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; monoclonal antibodies; sequence analysis; serotypes; electron microscopy; polymerase chain reaction; viral morphology; microbial genetics; chickens; hemagglutination; Fringillidae; viral antigens; China
- Abstract:
- ... Four Yucaipa-like viruses of avian paramyxovirus serotype 2 (APMV-2) were isolated in China from the imported Gouldian Finch (Chloebia gouldiae) and broilers in 1998-2002, and were named F4, F6, F8, and NK, respectively. Examined under electron microscope, the isolates were found to be round in shape and varying in size. The results of the hemagglutination inhibition test and indirect enzyme-linke ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7502-010906R1.1
- PubMed:
- 17039838
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7502-010906R1.1
- Author:
- Kariyawasam, S.; Johnson, T.J.; DebRoy, C.; Nolan, L.K.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 405-410
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- chickens; quantitative trait loci; diagnostic techniques; microbial genetics; disease prevalence; polymerase chain reaction; poultry diseases; virulence; phylogeny; emerging diseases; operon; molecular epidemiology; gene frequency; quantitative traits; Escherichia infections; genetic markers; Escherichia coli
- Abstract:
- ... Colibacillosis caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a leading cause of economic loss to the poultry industry worldwide. The ability of APEC to cause disease is determined by certain virulence markers, some of which are located on pathogenicity islands (PAIs). We recently described one such PAI in an APEC O1:K1 strain (APEC-O1). This PAI, termed PAI IAPEC-O1, carries the genes of t ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7462-102705R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039841
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7462-102705R.1
- Author:
- Hahn, D.C.; Nemeth, N.M.; Edwards, E.; Bright, P.R.; Komar, N.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 454-455
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- epidemiological studies; young animals; serodiagnosis; viral diseases of animals and humans; antibody detection; West Nile virus; Strigiformes; wild birds; progeny; seroconversion; maternal immunity; protective effect; North America
- Abstract:
- ... Transovarial antibody transfer in owls has not been demonstrated for West Nile virus (WNV). We sampled chicks from captive adult WNV-antibody-positive Eastern Screech-Owls (Megascops asio) to evaluate the prevalence of transovarial maternal antibody transfer, as well as titers and duration of maternal antibodies. Twenty-four owlets aged 1 to 27 days old circulated detectable antibodies with neutra ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7509-012606R1.1
- PubMed:
- 17039850
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7509-012606R1.1
- Author:
- Yu, Q.; Estevez, C.N.; Kapczynski, D.R.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 419-424
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- chickens; epitopes; cross reaction; disease detection; immunoglobulin G; Metapneumovirus; neutralization tests; viral diseases of animals and humans; immunohistochemistry; turkeys; respiratory tract diseases; poultry diseases; Western blotting; monoclonal antibodies; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; pathogen identification; nucleocapsid proteins; disease diagnosis
- Abstract:
- ... Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were prepared against avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) subtype C (aMPV/Minnesota/turkey/1a/97). Six MAbs were selected based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay activities and characterized by isotyping, neutralization test, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry assay. The results showed that three MAbs (3E, 9D, and 12C) belonged to the IgG1 subclass, whereas th ...
- Handle:
- 10113/2206
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7513-020606R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039843
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7513-020606R.1
7. The Relationship of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus with Avian and Other Coronaviruses
- Author:
- Jackwood, M.W.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 315-320
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- disease reservoirs; sequence analysis; zoonoses; Turkey coronavirus; viral diseases of animals and humans; respiratory tract diseases; emerging diseases; phylogeny; mutation; structural proteins; viral proteins; Infectious bronchitis virus; virus replication; bird diseases; genomics; microbial genetics; glycoproteins; genetic recombination; China
- Abstract:
- ... In February 2003, a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) emerged in humans in Guangdong Province, China, and caused an epidemic that had severe impact on public health, travel, and economic trade. Coronaviruses are worldwide in distribution, highly infectious, and extremely difficult to control because they have extensive genetic diversity, a short generation time, and a high m ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7612-042006R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039827
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7612-042006R.1
- Author:
- Taharaguchi, S.; Ito, H.; Ohta, H.; Takase, K.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 331-335
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- Fowl aviadenovirus A; chickens; hybridomas; disease detection; lesions (animal); gizzard; serodiagnosis; viral diseases of animals and humans; serotypes; poultry diseases; tissue analysis; clones; pathogen identification; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; monoclonal antibodies; viral proteins
- Abstract:
- ... Six clones of monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) to fowl adenovirus (FAV) serotype 1 were produced. All Mabs reacted positively by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Three Mabs recognized the putative 100-kD hexon protein and reacted to serotype 1 specifically by western blot analysis but did not react to other FAV serotypes (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8a). These Mabs will be useful for immunodiagnosis of FA ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7460-102605R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039830
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7460-102605R.1
- Author:
- Lynne, A.M.; Foley, S.L.; Nolan, L.K.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 445-449
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- chickens; cross reaction; disease detection; protein structure; viral fusion proteins; protein synthesis; microbial genetics; immunoglobulin G; serotypes; poultry diseases; virulence; monoclonal antibodies; gene expression; genes; molecular epidemiology; pathotypes; Escherichia infections; Escherichia coli
- Abstract:
- ... Colibacillosis accounts for annual multimillion dollar losses in the poultry industry, and control of this disease is hampered by limited understanding of the virulence mechanisms used by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). Previous work in our laboratory has found that the presence of the increased serum survival gene (iss) is strongly associated with APEC but not commensal E. coli, making ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7503-011106R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039848
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7503-011106R.1
10. Comparison of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Levels in Crops of Fed or Fasted Infected Hens
- Author:
- Holt, P.S.; Vaughn, L.E.; Moore, R.W.; Gast, R.K.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 425-429
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- feces; laying hens; poultry diseases; bacterial infections; Salmonella enterica; physiological response; animal nutrition; poultry feeding; feed deprivation; animal stress; immune response; humoral immunity; bacterial colonization; crop (digestive system); inflammation; epidemiological studies; long term effects; histopathology; heterophils
- Abstract:
- ... Long-term feed withdrawal has been shown to increase ileocecal intestinal colonization and fecal shedding of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in challenged hens. Less information is available regarding effects of fasting on crop colonization. Two trials were conducted to compare effects of 14-day feed withdrawal vs. full feed on crop colonization in hens challenged with Salmonella Enteritid ...
- Handle:
- 10113/2207
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7519-022706R2.1
- PubMed:
- 17039844
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7519-022706R2.1
- Author:
- Otto, P.; Liebler-Tenorio, E.M.; Elschner, M.; Reetz, J.; Lohren, U.; Diller, R.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 411-418
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- Rotavirus; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; chicks; small intestine; broiler chickens; diarrhea; viral diseases of animals and humans; transmission electron microscopy; villi; epidemiological studies; disease detection; lesions (animal); flocks; serotypes; pathogen identification; growth retardation; histopathology; poultry diseases; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; Germany
- Abstract:
- ... The intestinal tract and intestinal contents were collected from 34 stunted, 5-to-14-day-old broiler chicks from eight flocks with runting and stunting syndrome (RSS) in Northern Germany to investigate intestinal lesions and the presence of enteric pathogens with a special focus on rotaviruses (RVs). Seven chicks from a healthy flock were used as controls. Severe villous atrophy was seen in chicks ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7511-020106R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039842
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7511-020106R.1
- Author:
- Zhang, A.; Jin, M.; Liu, F.; Guo, X.; Hu, Q.; Han, L.; Tan, Y.; Chen, H.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 325-330
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- chickens; nucleoproteins; disease detection; immunoglobulin G; cross reaction; ducks; serotypes; Influenza A virus; accuracy; validity; rapid methods; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; monoclonal antibodies; avian influenza; antigenic variation; screening; peroxidase; China
- Abstract:
- ... Rapid detection of avian influenza virus (AIV) infection is critical for control of avian influenza (AI) and for reducing the risk of pandemic human influenza. A double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was developed for this purpose. The method employed a monoclonal antibody (MAb) as the capture antibody and rabbit polyclonal IgG labeled with horseradish peroxidase a ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7473-111605R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039829
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7473-111605R.1
- Author:
- Peek, H.W.; Landman, W.J.M.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 434-439
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- epidemiological studies; broiler chickens; coccidiosis; disease prevention; combination drug therapy; poultry diseases; live vaccines; disease incidence; Eimeria tenella; Eimeria maxima; Eimeria acervulina; diclazuril; disease resistance; vaccination; resistance management; monensin; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); drug resistance
- Abstract:
- ... Twenty European Eimeria spp. field isolates were subjected to an anticoccidial sensitivity test (AST). The anticoccidial drugs tested were diclazuril (Clinacox) and monensin (Elancoban). The assay was performed in a battery cage trial. Infected medicated birds were compared with an unmedicated control group. Coccidial lesion scores and oocyst shedding were used as parameters. The results of the AS ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7486-121205R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039846
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7486-121205R.1
- Author:
- Mathis, G.F.; Broussard, C.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 321-324
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- chickens; protective effect; ionophores; oocysts; coccidiosis; Eimeria; quantitative analysis; combination drug therapy; drug evaluation; poultry diseases; live vaccines; disease control; diclazuril; disease resistance; immune response; vaccination; resistance management; strains; drug resistance
- Abstract:
- ... Anticoccidial vaccine and an anticoccidial drug rotation program were compared to determine which program was more effective in producing coccidia populations sensitive of 1 ppm diclazuril. The study used an anticoccidial drug-sensitivity battery test (AST) to determine the baseline level of diclazuril sensitivity to field isolates of Eimeria spp. from seven broiler complexes that had used diclazu ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7455-101305R1.1
- PubMed:
- 17039828
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7455-101305R1.1
- Author:
- Fadly, A.; Silva, R.; Hunt, H.; Pandiri, A.; Davis, C.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 380-385
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- chickens; serotypes; vaccines; drug evaluation; microbial contamination; flow cytometry; polymerase chain reaction; pathogen identification; pathogenicity; vaccination; Marek disease; carcinogenicity; Avian leukosis virus
- Abstract:
- ... Commercial Marek's disease (MD) vaccines produced by two manufacturers were tested for possible contamination with avian leukosis virus (ALV). Samples of MD vaccines manufactured by two companies (A and B) were received from a breeder company; samples were also received directly from vaccine company B. Using virus isolation tests, samples initially tested positive for subgroup E (endogenous) ALV. ...
- Handle:
- 10113/2204
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7497-122905R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039837
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7497-122905R.1
- Author:
- Prukner-Radovcic, E.; Luschow, D.; Ciglar Grozdanic, I.; Tisljar, M.; Mazija, H.; Vranesic, L.; Hafez, H.M.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 440-444
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- Avipoxvirus; Reticuloendotheliosis virus; restriction mapping; viral diseases of animals and humans; transmission electron microscopy; mixed infection; epidemiological studies; disease detection; polymerase chain reaction; disease outbreaks; pathogen identification; pathogenicity; molecular epidemiology; microbial genetics; chickens; turkeys; emerging diseases; poultry diseases; genomics; pigeons; Croatia
- Abstract:
- ... In the last 3 yr, several outbreaks of avian poxviruses (APVs) have been observed in different parts of Croatia. Four strains of APVs, from chickens, a pigeon, and a turkey, were isolated from cutaneous lesions by inoculation onto the chorioallantoic membranes (CAM) of 12-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicken embryos. The resulting proliferative CAM lesions contained eosinophilic cytoplasmic incl ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7506-012006R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039847
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7506-012006R.1
- Author:
- Roza, K.; Martin, M.; Barnes, H.J.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 460-462
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- animal pathology; etiology; abnormal behavior; broiler breeders; abdominal cavity; males; poultry diseases; excretion; poultry manure; feces; feed deprivation; heart; feeding behavior; intestinal obstruction; case studies; small intestine; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); starvation
- Abstract:
- ... Increased mortality occurred among males in a house of 26-wk-old broiler breeders. A severe impaction of the lower intestinal tract, because of litter, was found on necropsy in two of three recently dead cockerels. Litter could be seen in the markedly distended vent of the most affected bird. This bird also had feces and litter in the body cavity because of a ruptured small intestine. Both birds h ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7500-010906R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039852
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7500-010906R.1
- Author:
- Moscoso, H.; Alvarado, I.; Hofacre, C.L.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 391-396
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- diagnostic techniques; tissue analysis; paper; Infectious bursal disease virus; bursa of Fabricius; transportation; viral diseases of animals and humans; restriction fragment length polymorphism; sequence analysis; disease detection; sampling; microbiological quality; inactivation; molecular epidemiology; infectious bursal disease; filters; chickens; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; nucleotide sequences; storage; United States
- Abstract:
- ... We investigated the feasibility of using FTA filter cards for the storage of bursas of Fabricius containing infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and for IBDV detection by reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and characterization by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) or nucleotide sequencing. The FTA card is a cotton-based cellulose membrane containing lyophili ...
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7505-011306R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039839
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7505-011306R.1
- Author:
- Pantin-Jackwood, M.J.; Spackman, E.; Woolcock, P.R.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 397-404
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- phylogeny; disease incidence; correlation; viral diseases of animals and humans; open reading frames; epidemiological studies; sequence analysis; disease detection; serotypes; amino acid sequences; pathogen identification; molecular epidemiology; microbial genetics; disease diagnosis; chickens; turkeys; disease prevalence; geographical variation; poultry diseases; signs and symptoms (animals and humans); Avian nephritis virus; United States
- Abstract:
- ... Avian astroviruses were detected by reverse transcriptase and polymerase chain reaction in intestinal contents collected from commercial chickens and turkeys from throughout the United States from 2003 through 2005. Astroviruses were detected in birds from both healthy and poorly performing flocks with or without enteric disease. Phylogenetic analysis was performed with sequence data from the poly ...
- Handle:
- 10113/2205
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7512-020606R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039840
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7512-020606R.1
20. Natural Presence of Campylobacter spp. in Various Internal Organs of Commercial Broiler Breeder Hens
- Author:
- Cox, N.A.; Richardson, L.J.; Buhr, R.J.; Fedorka-Cray, P.J.; Bailey, J.S.; Wilson, J.L.; Hiett, K.L.
- Source:
- Avian diseases 2006 v.50 no.3 pp. 450-453
- ISSN:
- 0005-2086
- Subject:
- epidemiological studies; disease reservoirs; animal pathology; disease detection; bacterial colonization; liver; broiler breeders; Campylobacter coli; campylobacteriosis; thymus gland; gall bladder; cecum; poultry diseases; pathogen identification; spleen; hens; Campylobacter jejuni
- Abstract:
- ... Campylobacter are known to cause acute bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. Poultry products have been implicated as a significant source of these infections. Six experiments were performed to determine whether Campylobacter could be isolated naturally from the primary and secondary lymphoid organs, liver/gallbladder, and ceca of commercial broiler breeder hens. Broiler breeder hens were acquired ...
- Handle:
- 10113/2209
- DOI:
- 10.1637/7481-120205R.1
- PubMed:
- 17039849
- https://doi.org/10.1637/7481-120205R.1