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You searched for: Journal name Avian diseases Remove constraint Journal name: Avian diseases Publication year rev 7997-2003 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7997-2003 Source 2003 v.47 no.4 Remove constraint Source: 2003 v.47 no.4
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1. Antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin production in chickens immunized with killed Salmonella enteritidis vaccine or experimental subunit vaccines

Author:
Okamura, M.; Lillehoj, H.S.; Raybourne, R.B.; Babu, U.; Heckert, R.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1331-1338
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
chickens; Salmonella Enteritidis; inactivated vaccines; interleukin-2; flagellum; interleukin-6; outer membrane proteins; bacterial antigens; vaccination; lymphocyte proliferation; subunit vaccines
Abstract:
... Lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-6 levels in serum were measured as indicators of cell-mediated immunity after immunization of chickens with a commercial killed Salmonella enteritidis (SE) vaccine or experimental subunit vaccines of crude protein (CP) extract or the outer membrane protein (OMP). Significantly increased proliferative responses to SE flagella, but not lipopolys ...
Handle:
10113/47118
DOI:
10.1637/6096

2. Characterization of Egyptian Field Strains of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

Author:
Abdel-Alim, Gomaa A.; Awaad, M.H.H.; Saif, Y.M.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1452-1457
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Infectious bursal disease virus; chickens; flocks; genes; infectious bursal disease; mortality; phenotype; rearing; restriction endonucleases; restriction fragment length polymorphism; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; vaccines; virulence; virulent strains; viruses; United States
Abstract:
... The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (RT-PCR/RFLP) technique was used for identification and characterization of Egyptian field strains of infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDVs) that caused severe outbreaks with (30%-60%) mortality rate. Twenty-four bursal samples collected from 24 field outbreaks in commercially reared chicken flocks expe ...
DOI:
10.1637/7032

3. Characterizing Avian Escherichia coli Isolates with Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction

Author:
Skyberg, Jerod A.; Horne, Shelley M.; Giddings, Catherine W.; Wooley, Richard E.; Gibbs, Penelope S.; Nolan, Lisa K.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1441-1447
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Escherichia coli; birds; blood serum; feces; hemagglutinins; immunity; morbidity; mortality; nucleic acid hybridization; operon; plasmids; polymerase chain reaction; poultry diseases; poultry industry; sequence analysis; temperature; virulence
Abstract:
... Colibacillosis caused by Escherichia coli infections account for significant morbidity and mortality in the poultry industry. Yet, despite the importance of colibacillosis, much about the virulence mechanisms employed by avian E. coli remains unknown. In recent years several genes have been linked to avian E. coli virulence, many of which reside on a large transmissible plasmid. In the present stu ...
DOI:
10.1637/7030

4. Chicken Anemia Virus in Broilers: Dynamics of the Infection in Two Commercial Broiler Flocks

Author:
Sommer, Franz; Cardona, Carol
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1466-1473
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Chicken anemia virus; DNA; Infectious bursal disease virus; anemia; antibodies; atrophy; bird diseases; bone marrow; chickens; chicks; flocks; maternal immunity; oviposition; polymerase chain reaction; specific pathogen-free animals; thymus gland; virus transmission; viruses
Abstract:
... Chicken anemia virus (CAV) can cause a disease syndrome characterized by severe anemia, bone marrow atrophy, and severe immunosuppression in young chicks. Maternal antibodies prevent these clinical signs but do not prevent infection, transmission of the virus, or immunosuppression. The clinical disease is rare today because of the widespread practice of vaccinating breeders, but the subclinical fo ...
DOI:
10.1637/7048

5. Comparison of Chinese field strains of avian leukosis subgroup J viruses with prototype strain HPRS-103 and United States strains

Author:
Cui, Zhizhong; Du, Yan; Zhang, Zhi; Silva, R.F.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1321-1330
ISSN:
1938-4351
Subject:
broiler chickens; avian leukosis; strain differences; amino acid sequences; viral proteins; 3' untranslated regions; Avian leukosis virus; United States; China
Abstract:
... Eight Chinese field strains of subgroup J avian leukosis viruses (ALV-J) were isolated from broilers or parent stocks during January 1999 to April 2001. One strain, SD9902, was an acute transforming virus, able to induce typical myelocytomatosis in 22-38 days after inoculation of 1-day-old meat-type chicks. The envelope protein and 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of the eight field strains were compa ...
Handle:
10113/47116
DOI:
10.1637/6085
PubMed:
14708978

6. Comparison of Four Rapid DNA Extraction Techniques for Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing of Three Mycobacterium spp. that Affect Birds

Author:
Tell, Lisa A.; Foley, Janet; Needham, Martha L.; Walker, Richard L.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1486-1490
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
DNA; Mycobacterium avium; Mycobacterium fortuitum; Mycobacterium genavense; bird diseases; birds; boiling; freezing; genes; heat shock proteins; laboratory experimentation; mycobacterial diseases; polymerase chain reaction; rapid methods; spectroscopy; thawing
Abstract:
... Mycobacteriosis is an avian disease that is most commonly caused by Mycobacterium avium or Mycobacterium genavense. In order to optimize molecular laboratory tests for diagnosing mycobacteriosis in birds, we compared four methods of rapid DNA extraction with isolates of M. avium, M. genavense, and Mycobacterium fortuitum. DNA extraction methods included enzymatic lysis, boiling for 30 min followed ...
DOI:
10.1637/7070

7. The Effect of Dietary Lysine Deficiency on the Immune Response to Newcastle Disease Vaccination in Chickens

Author:
Chen, C.; Sander, J.E.; Dale, N.M.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1346-1351
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
broiler chickens; Newcastle disease; diet; hemagglutination; hypersensitivity; lysine; antibody formation; immunosuppression; antibodies; cell-mediated immunity; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Avian orthoavulavirus 1; vaccination
Abstract:
... The effect of lysine deficiency on chicken immune function was evaluated using broiler chickens fed a diet with lysine at 67% of the control diet (1.24% lysine). The evaluation of humoral immune function was conducted by measuring the antibody production to a live Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccination using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ...
DOI:
10.1637/7008

8. Effect of a Commerical Competitive Exclusion Product on the Colonization of Salmonella infantis in Day-Old Pheasant Chicks

Author:
Schneitz, C.; Renney, D.J.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1448-1451
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Salmonella Infantis; bird diseases; chicks; competitive exclusion; mortality; pheasants; rearing
Abstract:
... One-day-of-age pheasant chicks were treated orally with the competitive exclusion product Broilact® in three replicate trials. The following day the treated chicks and untreated control chicks were challenged likewise with approximately 103 colony-forming units (cfu) of Salmonella infantis. Five days after challenge the cecal contents of the birds were examined quantitatively and by enrichment for ...
DOI:
10.1637/7031

9. Enteric Helminths of Juvenile and Adult Wild Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) in Eastern Kansas

Author:
McJunkin, Jared W.; Applegate, Roger D.; Zelmer, Derek A.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1481-1485
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Acanthocephala; Cestoda; Meleagris gallopavo; Nematoda; Trematoda; adults; animal organs; autumn; bird diseases; helminths; juveniles; spring; turkeys; winter; Kansas
Abstract:
... Viscera of 49 wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) collected in the spring of 2001 and 23 wild turkeys collected in the fall and winter of 2001-02 from 12 counties in eastern Kansas were examined for enteric helminths. Four cestode species, two trematode species, one nematode species, and one acanthocephalan species were identified. Two cestode and two trematode species present in the spring sample ...
DOI:
10.1637/7055

10. Evaluation of the Protection Conferred by Commercial Vaccines Against the California 99 Isolate of Infectious Bronchitis Virus

Author:
Alvarado, I.R.; Villegas, P.; El-Attrache, J.; Brown, T.P.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1298-1304
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Infectious bronchitis virus; bird diseases; broiler chickens; distress; epithelium; eyes; lungs; restriction fragment length polymorphism; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; vaccination; vaccines; viruses; Arkansas; California
Abstract:
... An infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was isolated from commercial broilers from the state of California exhibiting respiratory distress, inflamed tracheas, airsaculitis, and edematous lungs. After reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the California isolate exhibited an identical restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern to some isolates obtained from California, ...
DOI:
10.1637/6040

11. Experimental Selection of Virus Derivatives with Variations in Virulence from a Single Low-Pathogenicity H6N1 Avian Influenza Virus Field Isolate

Author:
Wang, Ching-Wen; Wang, Ching-Ho
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1416-1422
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Influenza A virus; bird diseases; chickens; chicks; clones; death; egg production; hemorrhage; in situ hybridization; kidneys; mortality; polymerase chain reaction; respiratory system; specific pathogen-free animals; virulence; viruses; Taiwan
Abstract:
... A mixture of viruses with variations in virulence is likely present within a low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) population. An H6N1 AIV was isolated from a field case showing 3.8% weekly mortality and a 33% egg production drop in Taiwan. The pathologic lesions included proventricular hemorrhage and urate deposition in the kidneys and on visceral organs. From the field isolate, a clone ...
DOI:
10.1637/6093

12. Immunopathologic Investigations with an Attenuated Chicken Anemia Virus in Day-Old Chickens

Author:
McKenna, G.F.; Todd, D.; Borghmans, B.J.; Welsh, M.D.; Adair, B.M.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1339-1345
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Chicken anemia virus; T-lymphocytes; anemia; bird diseases; bone marrow; chickens; chicks; flow cytometry; pathogenicity; specific pathogen-free animals; thymus gland; viruses
Abstract:
... The immunopathologic effects induced by two attenuated chicken anemia virus (CAV) isolates, known as cloned isolate 34 (CI 34) and cloned revertant isolate 18 (CRI 18), that were derived from highly passaged pools of Cux-1 CAV isolate, were compared with those induced by a pathogenic, molecularly cloned, low-passage Cux-1 isolate (CI Cux). This comparison involved the intramuscular inoculation of ...
DOI:
10.1637/7005

13. Infection Models for Salmonella typhimurium DT110 in Day-Old and 14-Day-Old Broiler Chickens Kept in Isolators

Author:
Bjerrum, L.; Engberg, R.M.; Pedersen, K.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1474-1480
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Salmonella Typhimurium; bacteria; bird diseases; broiler chickens; cecum; ileum; liver; models; spleen
Abstract:
... A series of experiments was undertaken to investigate the infection dynamics of various doses of S. typhimurium in day-old and 14-day-old broiler chickens kept in isolators. The infections were followed quantitatively in ceca and ileum by enumerating the colony forming units (cfu) of the challenge strain. It was found that the inoculation of 10(7) cfu of S. typhimurium to day-old chickens establis ...
DOI:
10.1637/7051

14. Influence of a Reovirus-Antibody Complex Vaccine on Efficacy of Marek's Disease Vaccine Administered In Ovo

Author:
Guo, Z.Y.; Giambrone, J.J.; Dormitorio, T.V.; Wu, Hongzhuan
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1362-1367
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Mardivirus; Marek disease; Reoviridae; adverse effects; chickens; eggs; field experimentation; maternal immunity; mortality; specific pathogen-free animals; vaccines
Abstract:
... Two experiments determined the influence of an experimental reovirus-antibody complex vaccine on Marek's disease virus (MDV) vaccine when used in ovo. Designs were the same except that specific-pathogen-free (SPF) broiler eggs were used in Experiment 1 and commercial broiler eggs with maternal antibodies against reovirus were used in Experiment 2. At 18 days of incubation, embryos were separated i ...
DOI:
10.1637/7020

15. Intestinal Immunomodulation by Vitamin A Deficiency and Lactobacillus-Based Probiotic in Eimeria acervulina–Infected Broiler Chickens

Author:
Dalloul, Rami A.; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Shellem, Timothy A.; Doerr, John A.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1313-1320
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Eimeria acervulina; antibodies; bird diseases; blood serum; broiler chickens; cell-mediated immunity; disease resistance; immune system; immunomodulation; interferon-gamma; interleukin-2; intestinal secretions; oocysts; probiotics; secretion; vitamin A; vitamin A deficiency
Abstract:
... In a 2 × 2 factorial study, a broiler starter ration was amended for vitamin A (control, C; deficient, A) and probiotic status (-, P) to investigate their modulatory effects on the host immune system. Birds were inoculated orally with Eimeria acervulina (EA) oocysts, and disease susceptibility was evaluated by assessment of fecal oocyst shedding. Humoral and local cellular mediated immunity were a ...
DOI:
10.1637/6079

16. Molecular Characterization of Plasmids with Antimicrobial Resistant Genes in Avian Isolates of Pasteurella multocida

Author:
Wu, Jin-Ru; Shieh, Happy K.; Shien, Jui-Hung; Gong, Shuen-Rong; Chang, Poa-Chang
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1384-1392
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; Escherichia coli; Gram-negative bacteria; Mannheimia; Pasteurella multocida; Pseudomonas; Salmonella Typhimurium; ampicillin; antibiotic resistance; beta-lactamase; birds; carbenicillin; chloramphenicol acetyltransferase; fowl cholera; major genes; nucleotide sequences; plasmids; proteins; sequence homology; site-specific recombination; spectinomycin; streptomycin; tetracycline; Taiwan
Abstract:
... The complete nucleotide sequences of two plasmids from avian isolates of Pasteurella multocida that caused outbreaks of fowl cholera in Taiwan were determined. The entire sequences of the two plasmids, designated as pJR1 and pJR2, were 6792 bp and 5252 bp. Sequence analysis showed that the plasmid pJR1 contained six major genes: the first gene (sulII) encoded a type II sulfonamide resistant dihydr ...
DOI:
10.1637/z7035

17. Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression in the Endothelium of Pulmonary Arterioles in Normal and Pulmonary Hypertensive Chickens Subjected to Chronic Hypobaric Hypoxia

Author:
Moreno de Sandino, M.; Hernandez, A.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1291-1297
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
arterioles; bird diseases; chickens; chicks; chronic exposure; endothelial cells; endothelium; hypertension; hypoxia; nitric oxide; nitric oxide synthase; poultry production; staining
Abstract:
... To determine whether or not exposure to chronic hypoxia and subsequent development of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) induce alterations in endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production in broiler's pulmonary vascular bed of broilers, we studied the expression of nitric oxide synthase enzyme in pulmonary endothelial cells by a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase histoch ...
DOI:
10.1637/6006

18. Outbreak of Fowl Cholera in Baikal Teals in Korea

Author:
Kwon, Y.K.; Kang, M.I.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1491-1495
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Anas formosa; Pasteurella multocida; agar; bacteria; bacterial colonization; death; ducks; fowl cholera; gels; habitats; hemorrhage; hemorrhagic enteritis; liver; mortality; mucosa; myocardium; necrosis; quarantine; serotypes; virulence; waterfowl; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... Fowl cholera (FC) caused by Pasteurella multocida was diagnosed in waterfowl, Baikal teals (Anas formosa), submitted to the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine in Korea. The total number of mortalities was 13,228 out of approximately 100,000 birds that wintered in Cheonsoo Bay, the most important habitat area of Baikal teals in the world. Clinical signs were detected in only a few birds be ...
DOI:
10.1637/7038

19. Pathology and Histology of Dietary Tryptophan Deficiency in Broiler Chicks

Author:
Monroe, A.D.; Latimer, K.S.; Pesti, G.M.; Bakalli, R.I.
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1393-1398
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
batteries; battery cages; beak; bird diseases; blood proteins; broiler chickens; chicks; coprophagy; corn; corn gluten meal; diet; environmental factors; gelatin; heterophils; histology; inflammation; nose; tryptophan
Abstract:
... The purpose of this experiment was to characterize a lesion of the rhamphotheca associated with tryptophan (TRP) deficiency, search for other histological abnormalities, and determine whether bird size and housing conditions are contributing factors to these lesions. Day-old broiler chicks (Ross × Ross 308) were placed in either floor pens with fresh pine shavings or Petersime battery brooders wit ...
DOI:
10.1637/7039

20. A Recombination Event, Induced In Ovo, Between a Low Passage Infectious Bronchitis Virus Field Isolate and a Highly Embryo Adapted Vaccine Strain

Author:
Estevez, Carlos; Villegas, Pedro; El-Attrache, John
Source:
Avian diseases 2003 v.47 no.4 pp. 1282-1290
ISSN:
0005-2086
Subject:
Infectious bronchitis virus; bird diseases; chicken eggs; farms; nucleotide sequences; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; specific pathogen-free animals; vaccines; virulent strains; viruses; Arkansas; Connecticut; Massachusetts; Minnesota
Abstract:
... The possibility of genomic recombination among different strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was examined in ovo by coinfecting specific pathogen free embryonating chicken eggs with commonly used, embryo-adapted vaccine strains of IBV (Arkansas, Massachusetts, and Connecticut), and a Delaware-072-like field virus isolated from a layer farm in Minnesota. Recombination was observed between ...
DOI:
10.1637/5919