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Solenopsis geminata; Solenopsis invicta; Solenopsis richteri; bites and stings; fire ants; genetic techniques and protocols; Guadeloupe; South America
Abstract:
... Several species of fire ants, well known for their painful stings, have spread from their native ranges and have become invasive pests, notably Solenopsis geminata, Solenopsis invicta, and Solenopsis richteri. Here, I report the first known exotic spread of another fire ant, Solenopsis nr. saevissima, a South American species now established on the French West Indian island of Guadeloupe. In 2008, ...
Y chromosome; biological control; carp; equations; extinction; females; genes; invasive species; males; models; sex ratio; unspecific monooxygenase
Abstract:
... Two autocidal genetic biocontrol methods have been proposed as a means to eliminate invasive fish by changing the sex ratio of the population: the Trojan Y Chromosome (TYC) strategy and the Daughterless Carp (DC) strategy. Both strategies were modeled using ordinary differential equations that allow the kinetics of female decline to be assessed under identical modeling conditions. When compared di ...
... Introduced mammals can cause extinction of native species due to replacement competition, disease, predation or hybridization. We studied the colonization of Piedmont (NW-Italy) by American grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) and its effect on the native red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris). Presence/absence data (2 × 2 km2), of both species were (re)constructed using questionnaires, literature, exist ...
Acacia dealbata; biodiversity; biogeography; conservation areas; data collection; models; prediction; Portugal
Abstract:
... To successfully protect native biodiversity from the effects of biological invasions, local conservation priorities must be established. For this purpose, fine-grained species distribution data is required but often unavailable. We present a new approach to obtain fine-grained predictions of invasion through the development of downscaled invasion maps based on coarse-grained distribution data. The ...
... Aquarium releases threaten the ecological integrity of aquatic systems by introducing non-native species. Following aquarium-release invasions by Caulerpa taxifolia, other genera of marine macroalgae were promoted by aquarists as alternatives for aquarium hobbyist use. The most popular, Chaetomorpha, was named a preferable alternative to invasive Caulerpa with desirable characteristics including r ...
John R. U. Wilson; Paul Caplat; Ian A. Dickie; Cang Hui; Bruce D. Maxwell; Martin A. Nuñez; Aníbal Pauchard; Marcel Rejmánek; David M. Richardson; Mark P. Robertson; Dian Spear; Bruce L. Webber; Brian W. van Wilgen; Rafael D. Zenni
canopy; managers; risk analysis; scientists; trees
Abstract:
... Scientists, managers, and policy-makers need functional and effective metrics to improve our understanding and management of biological invasions. Such metrics would help to assess progress towards management goals, increase compatibility across administrative borders, and facilitate comparisons between invasions. Here we outline key characteristics of tree invasions (status, abundance, spatial ex ...
... Plant-soil feedback responses for native and invasive plant species are well documented, but little is known about how feedback effects from the soil biota community affect plant interactions with herbivores. Here we examine whether changes of the soil biota community by the successful invader Solidago canadensis influence growth and herbivore susceptibility of two coexisting native plant species ...
... To prioritize management, conservation and restoration from seaweed invasions, it is important for policy-makers to elucidate the ecological mechanisms during the three phases of invasion: introduction, establishment, and diffusion. In this review, we synthesize the current knowledge of the invasion mechanisms and ecological impacts of Gracilaria vermiculophylla, a red agarophyte native to Asia No ...
... Although the genetic aspects of biological invasions are receiving more attention in the scientific literature, analyses of phenotypic plasticity and genotype-by-environment interactions are still seldom considered in tree invasion biology. Previous studies have shown that invasions of tree species can be affected by intraspecific phenotypic plasticity, pre-adaptation, and post-introduction evolut ...
Jaimie T. A. Dick; Mhairi E. Alexander; Jonathan M. Jeschke; Anthony Ricciardi; Hugh J. MacIsaac; Tamara B. Robinson; Sabrina Kumschick; Olaf L. F. Weyl; Alison M. Dunn; Melanie J. Hatcher; Rachel A. Paterson; Keith D. Farnsworth; David M. Richardson
... Invasion ecology urgently requires predictive methodologies that can forecast the ecological impacts of existing, emerging and potential invasive species. We argue that many ecologically damaging invaders are characterised by their more efficient use of resources. Consequently, comparison of the classical ‘functional response’ (relationship between resource use and availability) between invasive a ...
anthropogenic activities; biogeography; climatic factors; habitats; humans; introduced plants; invasive species; managers; politics; species diversity; Alps region
Abstract:
... The paper provides the first estimate of the role of abiotic and anthropogenic variables driving both alien plant species richness and composition covering the whole region of the European Alps. To establish and spread in a new area, alien plants must be able to tolerate the prevailing climatic conditions. We therefore tested the hypothesis that climatic requirements modified by bioclimatic origin ...
... The ability of some invasive plant species to produce biochemical compounds toxic to native species, called allelopathy, is thought to be one of the reasons for their success when introduced to a novel range, an idea known as the Novel Weapons Hypothesis. However, support for this hypothesis mainly comes from bioassays and experiments conducted under controlled environments, whereas field evidence ...
parasitoids; Halyomorpha halys; oviposition; introduced species; Podisus maculiventris; predators; Telenomus; population growth; invasive species; eggs; North America
Abstract:
... Invasive alien species can act as ‘evolutionary traps’ for indigenous parasites and predators when the alien species is accepted as prey or a host but is unsuitable for consumption or development. We tested the relationship between acceptance and suitability of eggs of the invasive alien Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in North America relative to eggs of the indigenous Podisus maculiv ...
... Despite widespread work documenting invasion, it remains a challenge to determine invasion mechanisms and incorporate them into invasive species management. Competition theory presents a strong model for evaluating the role of resource reduction and requirements in invasion. Additionally, alternative models suggest fluctuations in resources, niche differences, or non-resource priority effects are ...
... Invasive plant species can interact with native soil microbes in ways that change how they use nutrients and allocate biomass. To examine whether Microstegium vimineum form symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and whether AMF mediate nutrient acquisition and growth of the plant, we conducted a field survey in Raleigh, NC and Hangzhou, China and two experiments in growth c ...
biodiversity; federal government; introduced species; invasive species; issues and policy; laws and regulations; terminology; Ontario
Abstract:
... As a signatory to the international Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), Canada has committed to prevent, control, and eradicate invasive alien species (IAS). Yet, despite developing policy on biodiversity and IAS, the federal government has been criticized for its inaction on biological invasions over the past decade. In Canada’s most populous province, Ontario, similar concerns have been ra ...
... The role of phenotypic plasticity in plant invasions is among the most often discussed relationships in invasion ecology. However, despite the large number of studies on this topic, there is little consistency. Reconsideration of the role of plasticity by distinguishing two substantially distinct trait-groups, performance traits (contributing directly to fitness) and functional traits (influencing ...
... The introduction of non-native species occurs within a context of other anthropogenic impacts: thus a holistic approach is needed to understand interactive effects. Installation of shoreline protection structures is increasing in response to rising sea levels and increasing frequency of intense storms. Shoreline hardening structures can facilitate establishment of non-native species with multiple ...
... Emerald ash borer (EAB; Agrilus planipennis) has killed millions of ash trees and threatens ash throughout North America, and long-term persistence of ash will depend on the potential for regeneration. We quantified ash demography, including mortality and regeneration, of Fraxinus americana (white ash), Fraxinus pennsylvanica (green ash), and Fraxinus nigra (black ash) in mixed hardwood forests ne ...
Agrilus planipennis; Fraxinus excelsior; Fraxinus pennsylvanica; pests; plantations; surveys; trees; North America; Russia
Abstract:
... The emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera, Buprestidae), is a pest of ash native to Asia. This major stem borer has killed millions of ash trees in North America. It was first found in Europe in 2003 in the city of Moscow. Now it is rapidly spreading in European Russia. In 2012 A. planipennis was found in the Tula, Kaluga, and Smolensk regions. A survey of green plantations in 22 loca ...