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You searched for: Journal Biology and fertility of soils Remove constraint Journal: Biology and fertility of soils Publication Year 1998 Remove constraint Publication Year: 1998 Source 1998 v.27 no.3 Remove constraint Source: 1998 v.27 no.3 Text Availability Citation in PubAg Remove constraint Text Availability: Citation in PubAg
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1. Analysis of soil-vegetation systems' sensitivity to changes of climate-dependent carbon turnover parameters

Author:
Ryzhova, I.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 263-266
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
carbon dioxide; mathematical models; plant communities; plant litter; biomass production; ecosystems; degradation; humus; climatic factors; vegetation; biogeochemical cycles; Russia
Abstract:
... The nonlinear model of the carbon cycle in soils (NAMSOM) was used to analyze the sensitivity of soil organic matter levels to variations in carbon turnover parameters. We were able to predict the sensitivity of soil organic matter levels to variations of climate-dependent carbon turnover parameters, which allowed us to compare the sensitivity of soil organic matter levels to net primary productiv ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050431

2. Carbon dioxide emissions and net primary production of Russian terrestrial ecosystems

Author:
Kudeyarov, V.N.; Kurganova, I.N.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 246-250
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
carbon dioxide; biomass production; climate change; soil microorganisms; seasonal variation; biological activity in soil; emissions; ecosystems; biogeochemical cycles; Russia
Abstract:
... Determination of the C balance is of considerable importance when forecasting climate and environmental changes. Soil respiration and biological productivity of ecosystems (net primary production; NPP) are the basic components of the terrestrial C cycle. In this study, a previously made assessment of the annual CO2 flux from Russian soils was improved upon. CO2 emissions from Russian soils during ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050428

3. Changing role of cultivated land in the global carbon cycle

Author:
Buyanovsky, G.A.; Wagner, G.H.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 242-245
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
agricultural land; biogeochemical cycles; crop yield; soil fertility; crop residues; Triticum aestivum; crop rotation; Zea mays; Trifolium; soil organic matter; continuous cropping; biomass production; Missouri
Abstract:
... The carbon balance is ill defined for agricultural lands so that their role in global C balance cannot be accurately estimated. Changes in agriculture in the last 50 years have resulted in a general increase in grain yields, total net annual production (TNAP), and C input to the soil. Amounts of C returned annually with crop residues on Sanborn Field, one of the oldest experimental fields in the U ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050427

4. Influence of different agricultural practices (type of crop, form of N-fertilizer) on soil nitrous oxide emissions

Author:
Henault, C.; Devis, X.; Lucas, J.L.; Germon, J.C.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 299-306
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
agricultural soils; soil bacteria; potassium nitrate; seasonal variation; Triticum aestivum; emissions; ammonium sulfate; Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera; application rate; ammonium nitrate; nitrogen fertilizers; nitrous oxide; France
Abstract:
... N2O emissions were periodically measured using the static chamber method over a 1-year period in a cultivated field subjected to different agricultural practices including the type of N fertilizer (NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4, CO(NH2)2 or KNO3 and the type of crop (rapeseed and winter wheat). N2O emissions exhibited the same seasonal pattern whatever the treatment, with emissions between 1.5 and 15 g N ha-1 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050437

5. Methane fluxes and nitrogen dynamics from a drained fenland peat

Author:
Willison, T.W.; Baker, J.C.; Murphy, D.V.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 279-283
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
mineralization; fens; fen soils; methane production; nitrogen; peat soils; land use; nitrification; ammonium compounds; methane; arable soils; nitrates; soil fertility; oxidation; woodlands; drainage; stable isotopes; biogeochemical cycles; England
Abstract:
... Rates of methane uptake were measured in incubation studies with intact cores from adjacent fenland peats that have been under arabic management and woodland management for at least the past 30 years. On two separate occasions the woodland peat showed greater rates of uptake than the arable peat. These rates ranged from 23.1 to 223.3 microgram CH4 m-2 day-1 for the woodland peat and from 29.6 to 1 ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050434

6. Mitigation of atmospheric CO2 concentrations by increased carbon sequestration in the soil

Author:
Batjes, N.H.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 230-235
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
humus; carbon dioxide; pollution control; afforestation; fuels; emissions; degradation; biomass; land management; vegetation; biogeochemical cycles
Abstract:
... The International Panel on Climate Change distinguished three main options for the mitigation of atmospheric CO2 concentrations by the agricultural sector: (1) reduction of agriculture-related emissions, (2) creation and strengthening of C sinks in the soil, and (3) production of biofuels to replace fossil fuels. Options for sustained sequestration of C in the soil through adapted management of la ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050425

7. Nitrous oxide emissions from a fallow and wheat field as affected by increased soil temperatures

Author:
Kamp, T.; Steindl, H.; Hantschel, R.E.; Beese, F.; Munch, J.C.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 307-314
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; fallow; nitrous oxide; soil temperature; soil biology; soil water content; freezing; thawing; seasonal variation; wheat soils; global warming; emissions; Germany
Abstract:
... In order to determine the effects of increased soil temperature resulting from global warming on microbiological reactions, a 21-month field experiment was carried out in the Bavarian tertiary hills. The major objective was to focus on N2O releases as either a positive or negative feedback in response to global warming. The soils of a fallow field and a wheat field were heated 3 degrees C above am ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050438

8. Regional estimates of carbon sequestration potential: linking the Rothamsted Carbon Model to GIS databases

Author:
Falloon, P.D.; Smith, P.; Smith, J.U.; Szabo, J.; Coleman, K.; Marshall, S.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 236-241
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
estimation; mathematical models; carbon dioxide; meteorological data; soil organic matter; geographical variation; geographic information systems; soil; climate change; carbon; soil fertility; land use; databases; biogeochemical cycles; prediction; Hungary
Abstract:
... Soil organic matter (SOM) represents a major pool of carbon within the biosphere, it is estimated at about 1400 Pg globally, which is roughly twice that in atmospheric CO2. The soil can act as both a source and a sink for carbon and nutrients. Changes in agricultural land use and climate can lead to changes in the amount of carbon held in soils, thus, affecting the fluxes of CO2 to and from the at ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050426

9. Soil N dynamics in a natural calcareous grassland under a changing climate

Author:
Jamieson, N.; Barraclough, D.; Unkovich, M.; Monaghan, R.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 267-273
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
mineralization; soil temperature; soil water content; winter; nitrogen; irrigation; plant anatomy; soil biology; plant litter; carbon; seasonal variation; global warming; soil fertility; summer; calcareous soils; grasslands; mortality; biogeochemical cycles; grassland soils; England
Abstract:
... This paper reports the results from a medium-term field scale investigation into the effects of simulated climate change on soil N mineralisation in a semi-natural calcareous grassland in southern England. The experiment utilised soil warming cables, automatic rainshelters and a watering system to examine two climate change scenarios: warmer winters with summer drought and warmer winters with enha ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050432

10. Soil processes and global change

Author:
Mosier, A.R.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 221-229
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
soil temperature; agriculture; land use; biogeochemical cycles; carbon dioxide; ambient temperature; soil air; soil fertility; ecosystems; soil water content; soil biology; ammonium compounds; ozone; climate change; emissions; nitrogen fertilizers; nitrous oxide; methane; carbon monoxide; ozone depletion
Abstract:
... Contributors to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) generally agree that increases in the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse trace gases (i.e., CO2, CH4, N2O, O3) since preindustrial times, about the year 1750, have led to changes in the earth's climate. During the past 250 years the atmospheric concentrations of CO2, CH4, and N2O have increased by 30, 145, and 15%, respectiv ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050424

11. Soil processes as affected by replacement of natural mesquite ecosystem with maize crop

Author:
Luna-Suarez, S.; Luna-Guido, M.L.; Frias-Hernandez, J.T.; Olalde-Portugal, V.; Dendooven, L.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 274-278
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
Zea mays; Prosopis; ecosystems; land use; vegetation; soil biology; canopy; plant density; soil microorganisms; carbon dioxide; biomass; carbon; nitrous oxide; nitrogen; soil fertility; mineralization; nitrates; Phaseolus vulgaris; soil pH; sand fraction; silt fraction; clay fraction; arable soils; Mexico
Abstract:
... In the central highlands of Mexico, the vegetation is dominated by mesquite (Prosopis spp.), a leguminous tree or shrub. An experiment was carried out to investigate how cultivating the land and the disappearance of the natural ecosystem affected the biological functioning of the soil. Soil was sampled from under the canopy of isolated (MESQ treatment) and densely growing mesquite trees (DENS trea ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050433

12. Soil respiration and carbon balance of gray forest soils as affected by land use

Author:
Larionova, A.A.; Yermolayev, A.M.; Blagodatsky, S.A.; Rozanova, L.N.; Yevdokimov, I.V.; Orlinsky, D.B.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 251-257
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
forest soils; land use; biogeochemical cycles; carbon dioxide; crops; biological activity in soil; soil microorganisms; grassland soils; agricultural soils; arable soils; biomass production; Russia
Abstract:
... Soil respiration was measured by closed chamber and gradient methods in soils under forest, sown meadow and crops. Annual total soil respiration determined with the closed chamber method ranged from 180 to 642 g CO2-C m-2 year-1 and from 145 to 382 g CO2-C m-2 year-1 determined with the CO2 profile method. Soil respiration increased in the order: cropland < sown meadow < forest. The C balance calc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050429

13. Temperature dependence of organic matter decomposition: a critical review using literature data analyzed with different models

Author:
Katterer, T.; Reichstein, M.; Andren, O.; Lomander, A.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 258-262
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
soil organic matter; degradation; soil temperature; biogeochemical cycles; mathematical models; data analysis; mineralization; duration
Abstract:
... The literature was reviewed regarding laboratory incubation studies where C mineralization was measured. Experiments were selected in which the same substrate was incubated at least at two different temperatures and where time-series were available with at least four measurements for each substrate and temperature. A first-order one-component model and a parallel first-order two-component model we ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050430

14. The influence of land use and pesticides on methane oxidation in some Belgian soils

Author:
Boeckx, P.; Cleemput, O. van.; Meyer, T.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 293-298
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
temporal variation; atrazine; application rate; soil water content; pastures; fertilizers; methane; forest soils; oxidation; lenacil; land use; grasslands; grassland soils; Belgium
Abstract:
... In a first experiment, the effect of land use on the uptake rate of atmospheric CH4 was studied in laboratory incubations of intact soil cores. A soil under deciduous forest showed the highest CH4 oxidation. Its overall CH4 uptake during the measuring period (202 days) was 1.03 kg CH4 ha-1. Natural grassland showed the second highest CH4 oxidizing capacity (0.71 kg CH4 ha-1). The overall amount of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050436

15. Tillage and land use effects on methane oxidation rates and their vertical profiles in soil

Author:
Hutsch, B.W.
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 1998 v.27 no.3 pp. 284-292
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
drilling; soil bacteria; no-tillage; soil water content; plowing; soil organic matter; soil depth; methane; carbon nitrogen ratio; forest soils; oxidation; soil fertility; soil profiles; potassium; phosphorus; land use; biological activity in soil; Germany
Abstract:
... The effect of land use and different soil tillage systems on CH4 oxidation was tested in a laboratory incubation study. Intact soil cores were collected from the topsoil (0-12 cm) of a field site with ploughed, direct-drilled and set-aside treatments, and from an adjacent undisturbed forest site. CH4 oxidation rates were 4.5 to 11 times higher in the direct-drilled than in the continuously ploughe ...
DOI:
10.1007/s003740050435