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1. Adsorptive removal of chloramphenicol from wastewater by NaOH modified bamboo charcoal

Author:
Fan, Ye; Wang, Bin; Yuan, Songhu; Wu, Xiaohui; Chen, Jing; Wang, Linling
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7661-7664
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; adsorbents; adsorption; bamboos; carbon; charcoal; chloramphenicol; surface area; wastewater
Abstract:
... This study described the adsorption of chloramphenicol (CAP) in wastewater on the renewable bioresource of bamboo charcoal (BC). Results showed that CAP adsorption on BC (Ln qe =1.272 Ln Ce +1.971) and H₂SO₄ modified BC (Ln qe =1.851 Ln Ce +0.659) were very slight, and on NaOH modified BC was significantly increased (Ln qe =0.344 Ln Ce +6.490). The adsorbents were characterized by N₂ adsorption-de ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.046
PubMed:
20457515

2. A new process for producing calcium acetate from vegetable wastes for use as an environmentally friendly deicer

Author:
Jin, Fangming; Zhang, Guangyi; Jin, Yujia; Watanabe, Yosiyuki; Kishita, Atsushi; Enomoto, Heiji
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7299-7306
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
acetates; acetic acid; magnesium; vegetables; wastes
Abstract:
... A new process for producing calcium acetate, a non-corrosive deicer, is proposed. The process consists of a two-step continuous-flow hydrothermal conversion of vegetable wastes into acetic acid and the production of calcium acetate, followed by the separation and condensation of the product. The experiments for acetic acid production showed that there were almost no significant differences in acet ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.081
PubMed:
20483594

3. A novel strategy for succinate and polyhydroxybutyrate co-production in Escherichia coli

Author:
Kang, Zhen; Gao, Cuijuan; Wang, Qian; Liu, Huimin; Qi, Qingsheng
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7675-7678
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Escherichia coli; acetates; batch fermentation; byproducts; glucose; polyhydroxybutyrate; secretion; value added
Abstract:
... Based on the metabolic analysis, a succinate and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) co-production pathway was designed and engineered in Escherichia coli MG1655. Batch cultivation of the engineered E. coli revealed that it was able to accumulate both extracellular succinate and intracellular PHB simultaneously. PHB accumulation not only improved succinate production, but also reduced pyruvate and acetate s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.084
PubMed:
20472425

4. Application of response surface methodology and artificial neural networks for optimization of recombinant Oryza sativa non-symbiotic hemoglobin 1 production by Escherichia coli in medium containing byproduct glycerol

Author:
Giordano, Pablo C.; Martínez, Hugo D.; Iglesias, Alberto A.; Beccaria, Alejandro J.; Goicoechea, Héctor C.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7537-7544
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Oryza sativa; byproducts; culture media; glycerol; hemoglobin; neural networks; recombinant proteins; response surface methodology; sodium chloride; yeast extract
Abstract:
... Production of recombinant Oryza sativa non-symbiotic hemoglobin 1 (OsHb1) by Escherichia coli was maximized in shake-flask cultures in media containing tryptone, yeast extract, sodium chloride and byproduct glycerol from biodiesel production. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs), followed by multiple response optimization through a desirability function were app ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.05.001
PubMed:
20578289

5. Autochthonous yeasts associated with mature pineapple fruits, freshly crushed juice and their ferments; and the chemical changes during natural fermentation

Author:
Chanprasartsuk, On-ong; Prakitchaiwattana, Cheunjit; Sanguandeekul, Romanee; Fleet, Graham H.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7500-7509
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Pichia; Saccharomyces; alcoholic fermentation; citric acid; ethanol; fruits; lactic acid; pineapple juice; pineapples; population growth; wine yeasts; Thailand
Abstract:
... This study investigated autochthonous yeasts and their functions in the spontaneous fermentation of freshly crushed pineapple juice samples collected from two different areas of both Thailand and Australia. Hanseniaspora uvarum and Pichia guilliermondii were the main yeast species observed on the fruit skins of Thai samples, and also in the fresh juice and ferments of all samples from both countri ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.047
PubMed:
20462752

6. Biodegradation characteristics of quinoline by Pseudomonas putida

Author:
Lin, Qiao; Jianlong, Wang
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7683-7686
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Pseudomonas putida; activated sludge; biochemical pathways; biodegradation; hydroxylation; nucleotide sequences; pigments; quinoline; ribosomal RNA; sequence analysis; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... A quinoline-degrading strain was isolated from activated sludge of the municipal wastewater treatment plant and identified as Pseudomonas putida on the basis of its partial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The characteristics of quinoline degradation were investigated. The experimental results showed that quinoline at the concentration of 500mg/L could be completely removed within 3h, but could no ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.05.026
PubMed:
20554200

7. Biodegradation characteristics of starch-polystyrene loose-fill foams in a composting medium

Author:
Pushpadass, Heartwin A.; Weber, Robert W.; Dumais, Joseph J.; Hanna, Milford A.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7258-7264
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; biodegradability; biodegradation; citric acid; composting; emissions; extrusion; foams; gases; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polystyrenes; starch; texture
Abstract:
... The structures and biodegradabilities of loose-fill foams, containing starch and polystyrene at ratios of 70:30 and 80:20, were evaluated using a laboratory composting system. Each formulation was foamed (extrusion expanded) using either 0.2% azodicarbonamide or 0.25% citric acid as the chemical blowing agent. Biodegradability, a measure of the quantity of material mineralized, was expressed as th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.039
PubMed:
20472424

8. Biodiesel production by heterogeneous catalysts and supercritical technologies

Author:
Lee, Jin-Suk; Saka, Shiro
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7191-7200
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
biodiesel; production technology; catalysts
Abstract:
... Intensive studies are underway to develop more efficient biodiesel conversion processes. Among the various new technologies, both solid catalyst and non-catalytic supercritical processes are recognized as those that can be turned to practical use in the near future. The current status and challenging issues for these two technologies are, therefore, reviewed in this work as innovative biodiesel pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.071
PubMed:
20570143

9. Biosorption applications of modified fungal biomass for decolorization of Reactive Red 2 contaminated solutions: Batch and dynamic flow mode studies

Author:
Akar, Tamer; Divriklioglu, Melike
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7271-7277
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; biomass; decolorization; fungi; models; pH; reactive dyes; surfactants; temperature; wastewater
Abstract:
... Biosorption characteristics of a surfactant modified macro fungus were investigated for decolorization of Reactive Red 2 contaminated solutions. Better biosorption efficiency was obtained with a small amount of fungal biomass after modification process. Operating variables like pH, biomass amount, contact time, temperature, dye concentration, flow rate and column size were explored. The biosorptio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.044
PubMed:
20471827

10. Cloning and characterization of a gene cluster involved in the catabolism of p-nitrophenol from Pseudomonas putida DLL-E4

Author:
Shen, Wenjing; Liu, Weidong; Zhang, Jing; Tao, Jian; Deng, Haihua; Cao, Hui; Cui, Zhongli
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7516-7522
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
DNA; Escherichia coli; NAD (coenzyme); Pseudomonas putida; adenine; chromatography; enzymes; hydroquinone; metabolism; molecular cloning; multigene family; open reading frames; p-nitrophenol; proteins; regulator genes
Abstract:
... A 9.2-kb DNA fragment encoding the enzymes of a p-nitrophenol (PNP) catabolic pathway from Pseudomonas putida DLL-E4 was cloned and sequenced. Ten open reading frames (ORFs) were found and five ORFs were functionally verified. The pnpA and pnpC gene products were purified to homogeneity by Ni-NTA chromatography. PnpA is a flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent single-component PNP 4-monooxygenase w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.052
PubMed:
20466541

11. Combination of alkaline and enzymatic treatments as a process for upgrading sisal paper-grade pulp to dissolving-grade pulp

Author:
Ibarra, David; Köpcke, Viviana; Larsson, Per Tomas; Jääskeläinen, Anna-Stiina; Ek, Monica
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7416-7423
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
hemicellulose; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Eucalyptus; flax; molecular weight; dissolving pulp; xylanases; viscosity; sisal; jute; cellulose; enzymatic treatment; gel chromatography; hemp; Musa textilis; viscose; paper pulp; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase; advertising; Raman spectroscopy
Abstract:
... A sequence of treatments consisting of an initial xylanase treatment followed by cold alkaline extraction and a final endoglucanase treatment was investigated as a process for upgrading non-wood paper-grade pulps to dissolving-grade pulps for viscose production. Five commercial dried bleached non-wood soda/AQ paper pulps, from flax, hemp, sisal, abaca, and jute, were studied for this purpose. Comm ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.050
PubMed:
20493684

12. Converting crude glycerol derived from yellow grease to lipids through yeast fermentation

Author:
Liang, Yanna; Cui, Yi; Trushenski, Jesse; Blackburn, James W.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7581-7586
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
fatty acid composition; feedstocks; fermentation; glycerol; lipid content; lipids; nitrogen; oils; yeasts; yellow grease
Abstract:
... Cryptococcus curvatus, an oleaginous yeast was observed to grow on crude glycerol derived from yellow grease. When cultured in a one-stage fed-batch process wherein crude glycerol and nitrogen source were fed intermittently for 12days, the final biomass density and lipid content were 31.2g/l and 44.2%, respectively. When cultured in a two-stage fed-batch operation wherein crude glycerol was supple ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.061
PubMed:
20478702

13. Covalent immobilization of penicillin G acylase on aminopropyl-functionalized mesostructured cellular foams

Author:
Zhao, Junqi; Wang, Yujun; Luo, Guangsheng; Zhu, Shenlin
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7211-7217
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
adsorption; amidase; benzylpenicillin; foams
Abstract:
... Mesostructured cellular foams (MCFs) are suitable for biomolecular immobilization because of their relatively large-pore diameter and pore volume. Penicillin G acylase (PGA) was immobilized on aminopropyl-functionalized MCFs through Schiff base reaction. It is shown that PGA could be fixed more firmly through the covalent immobilization on aminopropyl-functionalized MCFs support than through the a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.067
PubMed:
20488696

14. Direct microbial conversion of wheat straw into lipid by a cellulolytic fungus of Aspergillus oryzae A-4 in solid-state fermentation

Author:
Hui, Lin; Wan, Cheng; Hai-tao, Ding; Xue-jiao, Chen; Qi-fa, Zhou; Yu-hua, Zhao
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7556-7562
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Aspergillus oryzae; biomass; cellulose; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase; fungi; lipids; secretion; solid state fermentation; submerged fermentation; wastes; wheat bran; wheat straw
Abstract:
... Direct microbial conversion of wheat straw into lipid by a cellulolytic fungus of Aspergillus oryzae A-4 in solid-state fermentation (SSF) was investigated. In submerged fermentation, A. oryzae A-4 accumulated lipid to 15-18.15% of biomass when pure cellulose was utilized as the sole substrate. In SSF of the wheat straw and bran mixture, A. oryzae A-4 yielded lipid of 36.6mg/g dry substrate (gds), ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.027
PubMed:
20444596

15. Dual-phase fermentation enables Actinobacillus succinogenes 130ZT to be a potential role for high-level lactate production from the bioresource

Author:
Li, Qiang; Wang, Dan; Song, Ziyu; Zhou, Wei; Wu, Yong; Xing, Jianmin; Su, Zhiguo
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7665-7667
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Actinobacillus succinogenes; acetic acid; aeration; carbon; fermentation; formic acid; glucose; lactate dehydrogenase; lactates; lactic acid; metabolites; oxygen; succinic acid
Abstract:
... Initial oxygen aeration enabled Actinobacillus succinogenes 130ZT to be regarded as a novel type of lactic-acid-producing strain in subsequent anaerobic cultivation. Lactic acid production increased 32-fold, up to the final titers of 135.6±0.14gL⁻¹ with an overall yield of 0.96±0.09gg⁻¹ glucose and 2.94±0.03gL⁻¹ h⁻¹ productivity. The metabolites at the end of dual-phase fermentation by 130ZT were ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.058
PubMed:
20483592

16. Effective moisture diffusivity determination and mathematical modelling of the drying curves of the olive-waste cake

Author:
Vega-Gálvez, Antonio; Miranda, Margarita; Díaz, Luis Puente; Lopez, Lorena; Rodriguez, Katia; Di Scala, Karina
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7265-7270
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
activation energy; air temperature; cakes; diffusivity; drying; industrial byproducts; mathematical models; olive cake
Abstract:
... Olive cake is an important agro industrial by-product with the dried cake being the input material of many applications areas. In this research, the drying kinetics of olive cake during convective dehydration at five temperatures (50, 60, 70, 80 and 90°C) was investigated. Several empirical mathematical models were selected to describe experimental drying kinetics data, namely, Page, Modified Page ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.040
PubMed:
20452204

17. Effect of acid-chlorite delignification on cellulose degree of polymerization

Author:
Hubbell, Christopher A.; Ragauskas, Arthur J.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7410-7415
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
polymerization; delignification; cellulose; paper; gel chromatography; molecular weight; lignin; filters
Abstract:
... Two types of pure cellulose, Avicel PH-101 and Whatman filter paper, were treated with an acid-chlorite delignification procedure in the presence of varying amounts of incorporated lignin, and the molecular weight distributions and degrees of polymerization (DP) of derivatized cellulose were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Avicel samples with 0% added lignin showed a DP reductio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.029
PubMed:
20471250

18. Effects of constant and shifting dissolved oxygen concentration on the growth and antibiotic activity of Xenorhabdus nematophila

Author:
Wang, Yong-Hong; Fang, Xiang-Ling; Li, Yu-Ping; Zhang, Xing
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7529-7536
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Xenorhabdus nematophila; agitation; antibiotics; biomass; cell growth; dissolved oxygen; fermentation
Abstract:
... To evaluate the effects of dissolved oxygen (DO) control strategy on cell growth and the production of antibiotic (cyclo(2-Me-BABA-Gly)) by Xenorhabdus nematophila. The effects of different agitation speeds and DO concentrations on cell growth and antibiotic activity of X. nematophila YL001 were examined. Experiments showed that higher agitation speeds and DO concentrations at earlier fermentation ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.070
PubMed:
20488698

19. Effects of plant biomass on nitrate removal and transformation of carbon sources in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands

Author:
Wen, Yue; Chen, Yi; Zheng, Nan; Yang, Dianhai; Zhou, Qi
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7286-7292
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
alkalis; biomass; carbon; constructed wetlands; denitrification; effluents; nitrates; nitrogen content; organic matter; plant litter; subsurface flow
Abstract:
... Denitrification is strongly dependent on carbon quantity and quality in most constructed wetlands (CWs). In this study, four batch CWs were designed, and were fed with nitrate-dominated water to investigate nitrate removal affected by plant and external cattail litter with or without alkali pretreatment. The results showed that the unit with plant and alkali-pretreated litter was more efficient in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.068
PubMed:
20478703

20. Effects of temperature and pretreatment conditions on mixed-acid fermentation of water hyacinths using a mixed culture of thermophilic microorganisms

Author:
Forrest, Andrea K.; Hernandez, Joan; Holtzapple, Mark T.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7510-7515
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Eichhornia crassipes; acids; biomass; economic valuation; feedstocks; fermentation; freshwater; fuels; limes; mixed culture; salts; temperature; thermophilic microorganisms; waterways
Abstract:
... The MixAlco™ process biologically converts biomass to carboxylate salts that may be chemically converted to a wide variety of chemicals and fuels. This study investigated the use of water hyacinths as a feedstock, comparing digestibility after each of four different pretreatments at two fermentation temperatures (40 and 55°C). Water hyacinths were treated with excess lime (0.3g Ca(OH)₂/g dry bioma ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.049
PubMed:
20466539

21. Enhanced extraction of astragalosides from Radix Astragali by negative pressure cavitation-accelerated enzyme pretreatment

Author:
Yan, Ming-Ming; Chen, Cai-Yun; Zhao, Bao-Shan; Zu, Yuan-Gang; Fu, Yu-Jie; Liu, Wei; Efferth, Thomas
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7462-7471
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
enzymes; response surface methodology; scanning electron microscopy; secondary metabolites
Abstract:
... The optimal conditions for extraction of astragalosides III and IV (AGs III and IV) in Radix Astragali by negative pressure cavitation-accelerated enzyme pretreatment were studied on the basis of a Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. Experimental results showed that negative pressure, amount of enzyme and incubation temperature were the main factors governing the enzyme pretreatme ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.100
PubMed:
20537892

22. Enhanced solid-state anaerobic digestion of corn stover by alkaline pretreatment

Author:
Zhu, Jiying; Wan, Caixia; Li, Yebo
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7523-7528
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
acid hydrolysis; anaerobic digestion; biogas; corn stover; effluents; inoculum; lignin; methane production; nitrogen; volatile fatty acids
Abstract:
... Alkaline pretreatment was applied to enhance biogas production from corn stover through solid-state anaerobic digestion. Different NaOH loadings (1%, 2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5% (w/w)) were tested for solid-state pretreatment of corn stover. Lignin degradation during pretreatment increased from 9.1% to 46.2% when NaOH concentration increased from 1.0% to 7.5%. The NaOH-pretreated corn stover was digested ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.060
PubMed:
20494572

23. Enhanced sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from aqueous solution by modified pine bark

Author:
Li, Yungui; Chen, Baoliang; Zhu, Lizhong
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7307-7313
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
chemical composition; Pinus; aqueous solutions; phenanthrenes; sorption; lignin; lipids; saponification; suberin; sorption isotherms; acid hydrolysis; bark
Abstract:
... To enhance removal efficiency of natural sorbent with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), single-solute and bi-solute sorption of phenanthrene and pyrene onto raw and modified pine bark were investigated. Pine bark was modified using Soxhlet extraction, saponification and acid hydrolysis, yielding six bark fractions with different chemical compositions. Raw pine bark exhibited high affinities ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.088
PubMed:
20578284

24. Enrichment of high activity nitrifers to enhance partial nitrification process

Author:
Chen, Jianwei; Zheng, Ping; Yu, Yi; Mahmood, Qaisar; Tang, Chongjian
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7293-7298
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
ammonia; inoculum; nitrification; nitrogen
Abstract:
... Partial nitrification (PN) process is an essential pre-treatment to Anammox process for nitrogen removal from ammonium-rich wastewaters. High activity nitrifiers (HANs) are considered as the key to high-rate PN process. The HANs could be successfully enriched at free ammonia (FA) concentrations of 10-20mgNH₃-NL⁻¹, which differed significantly from those enriched at FA concentrations of 1-3mgNH₃-NL ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.080
PubMed:
20547060

25. Extraction, purification and concentration of partially saturated canthaxanthin from Aspergillus carbonarius

Author:
Krupa, D.; Nakkeeran, E.; Kumaresan, N.; Vijayalakshmi, G.; Subramanian, R.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7598-7604
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Aspergillus carbonarius; acetone; biomass; canthaxanthin; ethanol; hexane; methanol; particle size; pigments; solvents; submerged fermentation
Abstract:
... A mutant Aspergillus carbonarius produces partially saturated canthaxanthin (PSC; C₄₀H₆₂O₂) during submerged fermentation. The pigment was extracted from dried biomass using various organic solvents and purified using nanofiltration (NF) and nonporous membranes. Particle size had a great influence; PSC extractability from fines fraction of biomass (75-105μm) was 1.5-fold higher compared to the coa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.093
PubMed:
20510607

26. Fermentation of bioenergy crops into ethanol using biological abatement for removal of inhibitors

Author:
Nichols, Nancy N.; Dien, Bruce S.; Cotta, Michael A.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7545
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Coniochaeta; metabolic detoxification; metabolism; acid hydrolysis; hydrolysates; inhibitors; biomass; Panicum virgatum; Medicago sativa; Phalaris arundinacea; saccharification; alcoholic fermentation; ethanol production; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Abstract:
... Biological abatement was used to condition dilute acid-pretreated hydrolysates of three perennial herbaceous crops that are potential bioenergy feedstocks: switchgrass, reed canarygrass, and alfalfa stems. Fungal isolate Coniochaeta ligniaria was inoculated into the hydrolysates to metabolize and remove inhibitory compounds prior to yeast fermentation of glucose. Switchgrass, reed canarygrass, and ...
Handle:
10113/45139
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.097
PubMed:
20510606

27. Ferric sulphate catalysed esterification of free fatty acids in waste cooking oil

Author:
Gan, Suyin; Ng, Hoon Kiat; Ooi, Chun Weng; Motala, Nafisa Osman; Ismail, Mohd Anas Farhan
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7338-7343
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
biodiesel; catalysts; cooking fats and oils; esterification; ferric sulfate; free fatty acids; hydrolysis; ions; metals; methanol; temperature
Abstract:
... In this work, the esterification of free fatty acids (FFA) in waste cooking oil catalysed by ferric sulphate was studied as a pre-treatment step for biodiesel production. The effects of reaction time, methanol to oil ratio, catalyst concentration and temperature on the conversion of FFA were investigated on a laboratory scale. The results showed that the conversion of FFA reached equilibrium after ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.028
PubMed:
20435468

28. Fractionation and identification of organic nitrogen species from bio-oil produced by fast pyrolysis of sewage sludge

Author:
Cao, Jing-Pei; Zhao, Xiao-Yan; Morishita, Kayoko; Wei, Xian-Yong; Takarada, Takayuki
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7648-7652
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
fatty acids; gases; fractionation; nitrogen; sewage sludge; lactams; decarboxylation; solvents; aromatic acids; pyrolysis; silica gel; mass spectrometry; gas chromatography; furnaces
Abstract:
... Pyrolysis of sewage sludge was performed at 500°C and a sweeping gas flow rate of 300cm³/min in a drop tube furnace. Liquid fraction (i.e., bio-oil) from the sewage sludge pyrolysis was separated by silica-gel column chromatography (SGCC) with different solvents, including mixed solvents, as eluants. A series of alkanenitriles (C₁₃-C₁₈), oleamide, alkenenitrile, fatty acid amides and aromatic nitr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.073
PubMed:
20488694

29. Heavy metal removal and crude bio-oil upgrading from Sedum plumbizincicola harvest using hydrothermal upgrading process

Author:
Yang, Jian-guang
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7653-7657
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Sedum; additives; biosolids; heavy metals; hydrocarbons; laws and regulations; oils; temperature; China
Abstract:
... The main aim of this study was to separate heavy metals and yield crude bio-oil from a heavy metals hyperaccumulator harvest, Sedum plumbizincicola, through hydrothermal upgrading process. Parameters such as granularity, temperature, pressure, and duration were examined for their effect on the removal efficiency of heavy metals and upgrading efficacy of crude bio-oil. Maximum heavy metal removal e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.095
PubMed:
20578290

30. Hot compressed water pretreatment of oil palm fronds to enhance glucose recovery for production of second generation bio-ethanol

Author:
Goh, Chun Sheng; Lee, Keat Teong; Bhatia, Subhash
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7362-7367
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
bioethanol; enzymatic hydrolysis; glucose; models; palm oils; regression analysis; response surface methodology; temperature
Abstract:
... This work presents the pretreatment of oil palm fronds (OPF) using hot compressed water (HCW) to enhance sugar recovery in enzymatic hydrolysis. A central, composite rotatable design was used to optimize the effect of reaction temperature, reaction time and liquid-solid ratio on the pretreatment process. All variables were found to significantly affect the glucose yield. A quadratic polynomial equ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.048
PubMed:
20471249

31. Hydrotreating of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production. Part II: Effect of temperature on hydrocarbon composition

Author:
Bezergianni, Stella; Dimitriadis, Athanasios; Sfetsas, Themistoklis; Kalogianni, Aggeliki
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7658-7660
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
biodiesel; catalysts; cooking fats and oils; feedstocks; gases; hydrocarbons; isomerization; qualitative analysis; quantitative analysis; temperature
Abstract:
... This study focuses on the use of waste cooking oil (WCO) as the main feedstock for hydrotreatment to evaluate the effect of temperature on the product hydrocarbon composition. A qualitative analysis was initially performed using a GC×GC-TOFMS indicating the presence of mainly paraffins of the C15-C18 range. A quantitative analysis was also performed via a GC-FID, which gave both n-paraffins and is ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.043
PubMed:
20547058

32. Identification of the most sensitive parameters in the activated sludge model implemented in BioWin software

Author:
Liwarska-Bizukojc, Ewa; Biernacki, Rafal
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7278-7285
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
activated sludge; biological treatment; computer software; models; phosphorus; stoichiometry; wastewater
Abstract:
... In order to simulate biological wastewater treatment processes, data concerning wastewater and sludge composition, process kinetics and stoichiometry are required. Selection of the most sensitive parameters is an important step of model calibration. The aim of this work is to verify the predictability of the activated sludge model, which is implemented in BioWin software, and select its most influ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.065
PubMed:
20478704

33. Improving the simultaneous production of laccase and lignin peroxidase from Streptomyces lavendulae by medium optimization

Author:
Jing, Debing
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7592-7597
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Streptomyces lavendulae; asparagine; enzyme activity; fermentation; fructose; laccase; lignin peroxidase; malt extract; models; nutrition; production costs; urea
Abstract:
... To improve laccase (Lac) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) production from Streptomyces lavendulae, the Lac and LiP activity models were constructed and the C-N sources formulation in the medium optimal for the simultaneous production of Lac-LiP complex was asparagine 16.44%, urea 23.48%, fructose 18.01%, malt extract 21.21%, (NH₄)₂SO₄ 20.86%. By nutritional analysis, the optimal initial mole ratio of C ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.087
PubMed:
20537891

34. Increase in enzyme accessibility by generation of nanospace in cell wall supramolecular structure

Author:
Lee, Seung-Hwan; Chang, Fuxiang; Inoue, Seiichi; Endo, Takashi
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7218-7223
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
energy; Eucalyptus; cell walls; enzymes; wood; cellulose; temperature; lignin; wet milling; saccharification
Abstract:
... An energy efficient nanofibrillation method that combines disk milling and mild hot-compressed water (HCW) treatment was developed to improve enzymatic accessibility of Eucalyptus wood. In this method, the residual product of HCW treatment was fibrillated by disk milling under wet conditions. Relatively moderate HCW treatment conditions (temperature below 180°C and reaction time of 30min) were ado ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.069
PubMed:
20494573

35. Influence of alcohol treatments on the activity of lipases immobilized on methyl-modified silica aerogels

Author:
Gao, Siliang; Wang, Wenwen; Wang, Yujun; Luo, Guangsheng; Dai, Youyuan
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7231-7238
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
silica; pancreas; Candida rugosa; aqueous solutions; Pseudozyma antarctica; triacylglycerol lipase; isopropyl alcohol; hydrophobicity; adsorption
Abstract:
... The effects of alcohol treatment on the activity and loading amount of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL), Candida Antarctica lipase B (CALB) and Porcine Pancreas lipase (PPL) immobilized on methyl-modified silica aerogels were investigated, and the fluorescent analysis was used to explore the change of lipase hydrophobicity in aqueous solution caused by alcohols. It is found that alcohol types and the s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.089
PubMed:
20576560

36. Inoculation of food waste with the thermo-tolerant lipolytic actinomycete Thermoactinomyces vulgaris A31 and maturity evaluation of the compost

Author:
Ke, Guang-Ruei; Lai, Chao-Ming; Liu, Ya-Yin; Yang, Shang-Shyng
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7424-7431
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
compost stability; germination; nitrogen content; phytotoxicity; catechol oxidase; compost maturity; Thermoactinomyces vulgaris; food residuals composts; lipids; carbon; urease; enzyme activity; food waste
Abstract:
... The ability of the thermo-tolerant lipolytic actinomycete, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris A31, to efficiently decompose food waste into mature compost was studied. Using a range of chemical parameters (pH, total organic carbon content (TOC), total nitrogen content, C/N ratio), CO₂ evolution, enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, polyphenol oxidase, urease) and germination assays, the composition, stabi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.051
PubMed:
20462753

37. Integral valorization of tagasaste (Chamaecytisus proliferus) under hydrothermal and pulp processing

Author:
Alfaro, A.; López, F.; Pérez, A.; García, J.C.; Rodríguez, A.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7635-7640
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Chamaecytisus; cellulose; delignification; ethanol; fractionation; hot water treatment; paper; polymers; pulp; raw materials; soda pulping; viscosity; wood
Abstract:
... Tagasaste wood (Chamaecytisus proliferus L.F. ssp palmensis) was characterized, chemical and energy terms, and assessed its potential as a lignocellulosic raw material, and its integral fractionation by autohydrolysis and delignification with ethanol. The hydrothermal treatment of the raw material at 175-185°C provided a liquor containing a substantially increased amount of oligomers (between 16.6 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.059
PubMed:
20493685

38. Investigation into the relationship between the gravity vector and the flow vector to improve performance in two-phase continuous flow biodiesel reactor

Author:
Unker, S.A.; Boucher, M.B.; Hawley, K.R.; Midgette, A.A.; Stuart, J.D.; Parnas, R.S.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7389-7396
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
biodiesel; catalysts; glycerol; gravity; methanol; potassium hydroxide; separators; temperature; triacylglycerols; vegetable oil
Abstract:
... The following study analyzes the performance of a continuous flow biodiesel reactor/separator. The reactor achieves high conversion of vegetable oil triglycerides to biodiesel while simultaneously separating co-product glycerol. The influence of the flow direction, relative to the gravity vector, on the reactor performance was measured. Reactor performance was assessed by both the conversion of ve ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.101
PubMed:
20576564

39. Investigation to biodiesel production by the two-step homogeneous base-catalyzed transesterification

Author:
Ye, Jianchu; Tu, Song; Sha, Yong
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7368-7374
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
biodiesel; distillation; energy; equipment; methanol; models; sunflower oil; traditional technology; transesterification
Abstract:
... For the two-step transesterification biodiesel production made from the sunflower oil, based on the kinetics model of the homogeneous base-catalyzed transesterification and the liquid-liquid phase equilibrium of the transesterification product, the total methanol/oil mole ratio, the total reaction time, and the split ratios of methanol and reaction time between the two reactors in the stage of the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.148
PubMed:
20457516

40. Isolation and characterization of lignins extracted from flax shives using pressurized aqueous ethanol

Author:
Buranov, Anvar U.; Ross, Kelly A.; Mazza, Giuseppe
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7446-7455
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
thermal stability; glass transition temperature; gel chromatography; differential scanning calorimetry; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; molecular weight; ethanol; flax; industrial applications
Abstract:
... High-molecular weight lignins (HML) and low-molecular weight lignins (LML) were extracted from flax shives using pressurized 30% aqueous ethanol, and isolated by precipitation and ultrafiltration. The isolated lignin samples and two commercial lignins were assayed for monolignol content and functional groups, solubility assays, thermal analysis using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), size e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.086
PubMed:
20537893

41. Isolation and characterization of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol-degrading Ralstonia sp. strain T6

Author:
Li, Jingquan; Liu, Juan; Shen, Wenjing; Zhao, Xiaoli; Hou, Ying; Cao, Hui; Cui, Zhongli
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7479-7483
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Ralstonia; bioremediation; enrichment culture; nucleotide sequences; ribosomal DNA; sequence analysis
Abstract:
... A 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP)-degrading strain, T6, was isolated by continuous enrichment culture and identified as Ralstonia sp. based on morphological, physiological and biochemical tests as well as 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The bacterium metabolized 100mg/L TCP within 12h and 700mg/L TCP in 80h. A green metabolite, putatively identified as 3,6-dihydroxypyridine-2,5-dione, was detected. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.030
PubMed:
20457514

42. Large-scale biohydrogen production from bio-oil

Author:
Sarkar, Susanjib; Kumar, Amit
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7350-7361
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
barley; biohydrogen; biomass; bitumen; branches; carbon markets; crops; emissions; feedstocks; forests; hydrogen production; models; natural gas; oils; prices; production costs; pyrolysis; steam; straw; transportation; tree crown; wheat; Canada
Abstract:
... Large amount of hydrogen is consumed during the upgrading of bitumen into synthetic crude oil (SCO), and this hydrogen is exclusively produced from natural gas in Western Canada. Because of large amount of emission from natural gas, alternative sources for hydrogen fuel especially renewable feedstocks could significantly reduce CO₂ emissions. In this study, biomass is converted to bio-oil by fast ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.038
PubMed:
20452203

43. Milling pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse and straw for enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation

Author:
da Silva, Ayla Sant'Ana; Inoue, Hiroyuki; Endo, Takashi; Yano, Shinichi; Bon, Elba P.S.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7402-7409
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae; X-ray diffraction; enzymatic hydrolysis; ethanol; fermentation; glucose; hydrolysates; hydrolysis; scanning electron microscopy; straw; sugarcane bagasse; wet milling; xylose
Abstract:
... The effectiveness of ball milling (BM) and wet disk milling (WDM) on treating sugarcane bagasse and straw were compared. Pretreated materials were characterized by wide angle X-ray diffraction analysis, particle-size distribution and scanning electron microscopy and the effectiveness of pretreatments was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Glucose and xylose hydrolysis yields at op ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.05.008
PubMed:
20578287

44. MSU-S mesoporous materials: An efficient catalyst for isomerization of α-pinene

Author:
Wang, Jie; Hua, Weiming; Yue, Yinghong; Gao, Zi
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7224-7230
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
adsorption; catalysts; isomerization; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; sieves; terpinolene; zeolites
Abstract:
... MSU-S₍BEA₎ and MSU-S₍Y₎ mesoporous molecular sieves with different Si/Al ratios were prepared and characterized by XRD, XRF, N₂ adsorption, ²⁷Al MAS NMR, NH₃-TPD and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-pyridine adsorption. Their catalytic behavior for the liquid phase isomerization of α-pinene has been investigated and compared with conventional zeolites and mesoporous molecular sieves. The activity correlates well ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.075

45. New xylanases to obtain modified eucalypt fibres with high-cellulose content

Author:
Valls, Cristina; Gallardo, Oscar; Vidal, Teresa; Pastor, Francisco Ignacio Javier; Díaz, Pilar; Roncero, M. Blanca
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7439-7445
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Eucalyptus; absorbance; acids; chemical oxygen demand; chlorine; color; delignification; effluents; paper; paper pulp; xylanases; xylooligosaccharides
Abstract:
... Modified fibres with high-cellulose content were obtained with two new bacterial xylanases from families 11 and 5. These xylanases were applied separately or simultaneously in a complete ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) bleaching sequence. Both xylanases improved delignification and bleaching during the sequence and a synergistic effect of the enzymes was observed on several pulp and paper properties ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.085
PubMed:
20576566

46. Oxidation of unsaturated carboxylic acids under hydrothermal conditions

Author:
Jin, Fangming; Zhong, Heng; Cao, Jianglin; Cao, Jianxun; Kawasaki, Kohei; Kishita, Astushi; Matsumoto, Takatoshi; Tohji, Kazuyuki; Enomoto, Heiji
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7624-7634
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
carboxylic acids; catalysts; free radicals; lignin; molecular weight; oils; oxidation
Abstract:
... Hydrothermal oxidation pathways of high molecular weight unsaturated carboxylic acids were investigated for the potential use of chemoselectivity to improve the efficiency of the desired products from biomasses directly containing or easily producing unsaturated carboxylic acids. Hock cleavage, which frequently occur at general chemical, was observed in the absence of any acid catalyst and may be ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.056
PubMed:
20488695

47. Performance evaluation of laboratory scale up-flow constructed wetlands with different designs and emergent plants

Author:
Ong, Soon-An; Uchiyama, Katsuhiro; Inadama, Daisuke; Ishida, Yuji; Yamagiwa, Kazuaki
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7239-7244
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
Phragmites australis; aeration; biodegradation; chemical oxygen demand; constructed wetlands; emergent plants; nitrification; nutrients; organic matter; pollutants; wild rice
Abstract:
... The objective of present study was to assess the simultaneous removal of organic pollutants and nutrients by five laboratory scale up-flow constructed wetlands (UFCWs). Aerobic and anaerobic regions were well developed at the upper and lower beds, respectively, in the UFCW reactors with supplementary aeration. The emergent plants employed were Phragmites australis and Manchurian wild rice. The COD ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.032
PubMed:
20451374

48. Performances and nitrification properties of biological aerated filters with zeolite, ceramic particle and carbonate media

Author:
Qiu, Liping; Zhang, Shoubin; Wang, Guangwei; Du, Mao'an
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7245-7251
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
ammonia; ammonium nitrogen; biofilters; biological properties and phenomena; buffering capacity; carbonates; chemical oxygen demand; nitrification; pH; zeolites
Abstract:
... The performance and nitrification properties of three BAFs, with ceramic, zeolite and carbonate media, respectively, were investigated to evaluate the feasibility of employing these materials as biological aerated filter media. All three BAFs shown a promising COD and SS removal performance, while influent pH was 6.5-8.1, air-liquid ratio was 5:1 and HRT was 1.25-2.5h, respectively. Ammonia remova ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.034
PubMed:
20483593

49. Photosynthetic bacteria treatment of synthetic soybean wastewater: Direct degradation of macromolecules

Author:
Lu, Haifeng; Zhang, Guangming; Dai, Xiao; He, Chunhua
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7672-7674
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
acids; activated sludge; chemical oxygen demand; coagulation; energy; oxygen; photosynthetic bacteria; soybeans; wastewater; wastewater treatment; yeasts
Abstract:
... In order to investigate the possibility of photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) to degrade macromolecules directly and to find an economic PSB wastewater treatment method without energy input, a new strain of PSB, Z08, was used to treat synthetic soybean wastewater. Coagulation and yeast were used as pretreatment when needed. Results showed that Z08 directly degraded soybean wastewater under natural cond ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.074
PubMed:
20483591

50. Potential odour emission measurement in organic fraction of municipal solid waste during anaerobic digestion: Relationship with process and biological stability parameters

Author:
Orzi, V.; Cadena, E.; D'Imporzano, G.; Artola, A.; Davoli, E.; Crivelli, M.; Adani, F.
Source:
Bioresource technology 2010 v.101 no.19 pp. 7330-7337
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
anaerobic digestion; electronic nose; gas chromatography; mass spectrometry; microbial activity; municipal solid waste; odor emissions; odors; olfactometry; processing stages; volatile organic compounds
Abstract:
... The aim of the present study is to investigate the correlation between microbial activity, i.e., biological stability measured by aerobic (OD₂₀ test) and anaerobic tests (ABP test), and odour emissions of organic fraction of municipal solid waste during anaerobic digestion in a full-scale treatment plant considering the three stages of the process (input, digested and post-digested waste). The res ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.098
PubMed:
20578286