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1. Aboveground biomass estimation at different scales for subtropical forests in China

Author:
Peng, Shunlei; He, Nianpeng; Yu, Guirui; Wang, Qiufeng
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 45
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
aboveground biomass; allometry; carbon sinks; ecoregions; models; tropical forests; wood density; China
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The accurate estimation of forest biomass at different scales is the critical step in the assessment of forest carbon stocks. We used three models at increasing scales: allometric model at ecoregional scale (model 1), dummy variable allometric model at both ecoregion and regional scales (model 2), and allometric model at regional scale (model 3) to estimate the aboveground biomass of s ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0199-1
PubMed:
29124452
PubMed Central:
PMC5680411

2. Allelopathy and resource competition: the effects of Phragmites australis invasion in plant communities

Author:
Uddin, MdNazim; Robinson, RandallWilliam
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 29
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Lactuca sativa; Melaleuca; Phragmites australis; Rumex; allelochemicals; allelopathy; chlorophyll; experimental design; greenhouse experimentation; growth retardation; invasive species; laboratory experimentation; mixed culture; models; phytomass; phytotoxicity; phytotoxins; plant communities; plant density; root exudates; roots; seed germination; shoots; wetland plants
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Phragmites australis, a ubiquitous wetland plant, has been considered one of the most invasive species in the world. Allelopathy appears to be one of the invasion mechanisms, however, the effects could be masked by resource competition among target plants. The difficulty of distinguishing allelopathy from resource competition among plants has hindered investigations of the role of phyt ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0183-9
PubMed:
28664396
PubMed Central:
PMC5491426

3. A method for facilitating the seed germination of a mycoheterotrophic orchid, Gastrodia pubilabiata, using decomposed leaf litter harboring a basidiomycete fungus, Mycena sp.

Author:
Higaki, Kana; Rammitsu, Kento; Yamashita, Yumi; Yukawa, Tomohisa; Ogura-Tsujita, Yuki
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 59
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Gastrodia; Mycena; bottles; glass; habitats; leaves; models; mycorrhizal fungi; plant litter; seed germination; seedlings; seeds; symbiosis
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Mycoheterotrophic plants are one of the most difficult plant groups to conserve because they are entirely dependent on symbiotic fungi. Establishment of viable culture systems would greatly aid their conservation. We describe a simple culture system for the mycoheterotrophic orchid, Gastrodia pubilabiata, that does not require laboratory facilities. The orchid is symbiotic with leaf-li ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0214-6
PubMed:
29222727
PubMed Central:
PMC5722783

4. Anti-fungal activity, mechanism studies on α-Phellandrene and Nonanal against Penicillium cyclopium

Author:
Zhang, Ji-hong; Sun, He-long; Chen, Shao-yang; Zeng, Li; Wang, Tao-tao
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 13
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Penicillium aurantiogriseum; active ingredients; alpha-phellandrene; antimicrobial properties; cations; cell membranes; dose response; essential oils; fruits; fungi; fungicides; hyphae; lipid content; mechanism of action; membrane permeability; minimum inhibitory concentration; mycelium; pH; pathogens; potassium; tomatoes; volatile compounds
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Essential oils from plants have been reported to have wide spread antimicrobial activity against various bacterial and fungal pathogens, and these include α-Phellandrene, Nonanal and other volatile substances. However, biological activities of α-Phellandrene and Nonanal have been reported only in a few publications. Further investigations are necessary to determine the antimicrobial ac ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0168-8
PubMed:
28510196
PubMed Central:
PMC5430584

5. A perspective on orchid seed and protocorm development

Author:
Yeung, EdwardC.
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 33
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Orchidaceae; apical meristems; embryogenesis; explants; habitats; micropropagation; mycorrhizal fungi; plantlets; seed germination; seeds
Abstract:
... This perspective draws attention to the functional organization of orchid seed and protocorm during the course of development. The orchid embryos have a well-organized developmental plan generating a blue-print of a protocorm as they mature. The different phases of embryo development in orchids, i.e. histodifferentiation, storage product synthesis and accumulation, and maturation are essentially s ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0188-4
PubMed:
28779349
PubMed Central:
PMC5544657

6. Assimilates mobilization, stable canopy temperature and expression of expansin stabilizes grain weight in wheat cultivar LOK-1 under different soil moisture conditions

Author:
Kumar, Mahesh; Raina, SusheelKumar; Govindasamy, Venkadasamy; Singh, AjayKumar; Choudhary, RamLal; Rane, Jagadish; Minhas, ParamjitSingh
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 14
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
canopy; cultivars; defoliation; endosperm; gene expression; genes; genotype; grain yield; inflorescences; seed development; soil water; temperature; wheat; India
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Grain yield of wheat is primarily determined by both grain number and grain weight, which often influence each other in response to environmental stimuli. Some of the genotypes are capable of maintaining high single grain weight (SGW) across the environments. Understanding mechanisms and factors associated with the superiority of such genotypes over others is necessary to enhance produ ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0169-7
PubMed:
28510197
PubMed Central:
PMC5432918

7. A termite symbiotic mushroom maximizing sexual activity at growing tips of vegetative hyphae

Author:
Hsieh, Huei-Mei; Chung, Mei-Chu; Chen, Pao-Yang; Hsu, Fei-Man; Liao, Wen-Wei; Sung, Ai-Ning; Lin, Chun-Ru; Wang, Chung-JuRachel; Kao, Yu-Hsin; Fang, Mei-Jane; Lai, Chi-Yung; Huang, Chieh-Chen; Chou, Jyh-Ching; Chou, Wen-Neng; Chang, BillChia-Han; Ju, Yu-Ming
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 39
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
DNA libraries; Odontotermes; Termitomyces; basidia; conidia; fruiting bodies; genes; genetic markers; genetic variation; haplotypes; heterokaryon; homologous recombination; hyphae; loci; meiosis; messenger RNA; mushrooms; mycelium; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; sequence analysis; symbionts
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Termitomyces mushrooms are mutualistically associated with fungus-growing termites, which are widely considered to cultivate a monogenotypic Termitomyces symbiont within a colony. Termitomyces cultures isolated directly from termite colonies are heterokaryotic, likely through mating between compatible homokaryons. RESULTS: After pairing homokaryons carrying different haplotypes at mark ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0191-9
PubMed:
28929370
PubMed Central:
PMC5605481

8. Begonia myanmarica (Begoniaceae), a new species from Myanmar, and molecular phylogenetics of Begonia sect. Monopteron

Author:
Tseng, Yu-Hsin; Kim, Young-Dong; Peng, Ching-I; Htwe, KhinMyo; Cho, Seong-Hyun; Kono, Yoshiko; Chung, Kuo-Fang
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 21
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Begonia; agricultural colleges; chromosome number; leaves; new species; phylogeny; plant ovary; scientific illustration; taxon descriptions; Himalayan region; Myanmar
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: A new species, Begonia myanmarica, was discovered from Myanmar and herein documented. Characterized by a single developed wing in the ovary/fruit, this species would be assigned to sect. Monopteron (sensu Doorenbos et al. in The sections of Begonia including descriptions, keys and species lists: studies in Begoniaceae VI. Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, 1998) that is kn ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0175-9
PubMed:
28510203
PubMed Central:
PMC5432908

9. Broomcorn and foxtail millet were cultivated in Taiwan about 5000 years ago

Author:
Tsang, Chen-Hwa; Li, Kuang-Ti; Hsu, Tze-Fu; Tsai, Yuan-Ching; Fang, Po-Hsuan; Hsing, Yue-IeCaroline
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 3
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Panicum miliaceum; Setaria italica; Setaria pumila subsp. pumila; Sorghum bicolor; archaeobotany; fruits; millets; rice; scanning electron microscopy; seeds; Taiwan
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Archaeobotanical remains of millet were found at the Nan-kuan-li East site in Tainan Science Park, southern Taiwan. This site, dated around 5000–4300 BP, is characterized by remains of the Tapenkeng culture, the earliest Neolithic culture found so far in Taiwan. A large number of millet-like carbonized and charred seeds with varied sizes and shapes were unearthed from the site by the f ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-016-0158-2
PubMed:
28510186
PubMed Central:
PMC5430587

10. Cambial variations of Piper (Piperaceae) in Taiwan

Author:
Yang, Sheng-Zehn; Chen, Po-Hao
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 17
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Piper betle; adventitious roots; cambium; cortex; indigenous species; leaves; lianas; photographs; pith; stems; vascular bundles; xylem; Taiwan
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Cambial variations in lianas of Piperaceae in Taiwan have not been studied previously. The stem anatomy of seven Piper species from Taiwan was examined to document cambial variations and better distinguish the species when leaves are absent. RESULTS: A key for the seven species is provided, based on the internal stem anatomy. The seven Piper species climb via adventitious roots, and in ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0172-z
PubMed:
28510200
PubMed Central:
PMC5432890

11. Characteristics of tropical human-modified forests after 20 years of natural regeneration

Author:
Loo, Lih-Chyun; Song, Guo-ZhangM.; Chao, Kuo-Jung
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 36
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
arboreta; botanical composition; forests; indigenous species; introduced plants; natural regeneration; overstory; plantations; saplings; understory
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Abandoned human-modified forests are refuges for remnant biodiversity. However, there are very few studies on the biodiversity and regeneration of native species in human-modified forests which are rich in exotic trees. Our research aim is to evaluate the regeneration status and biodiversity of two adjacent human-modified forests. The two forests have distinct overstorey exotic species ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0190-x
PubMed:
28861854
PubMed Central:
PMC5578950

12. Characterization of LhSorP5CS, a gene catalyzing proline synthesis in Oriental hybrid lily Sorbonne: molecular modelling and expression analysis

Author:
Wang, Le; Guo, Zhihong; Zhang, Yubao; Wang, Yajun; Yang, Guo; Yang, Liu; Wang, Ruoyu; Xie, Zhongkui
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 10
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Lilium; abiotic stress; abscisic acid; cultivars; enzymes; flowers; gene expression; gene expression regulation; genes; humans; hybrids; mannitol; models; osmotolerance; phylogeny; plant growth; proline; proteins; sodium chloride; stress tolerance
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Abiotic stresses negatively affect plant growth and flower production. In plants, P5CS proteins are key enzymes that catalyzed the rate-limiting steps of proline synthesis, and proline is a well-known osmoprotectant that is closely related to abiotic stress tolerance. However, information about the P5CS genes, their effects on proline accumulation, and their role in abiotic stress tole ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0163-0
PubMed:
28510193
PubMed Central:
PMC5432930

13. Characterization of LhSorTGA2, a novel TGA2-like protein that interacts with LhSorNPR1 in oriental hybrid lily Sorbonne

Author:
Wang, Le; Guo, Zhihong; Zhang, Yubao; Wang, Yajun; Wang, Li; Yang, Guo; Li, Wenmei; Wang, Ruoyu; Xie, Zhongkui
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 46
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Botrytis elliptica; abscisic acid; fluorescence; fungi; genes; glutamine; hybrids; leucine zipper; pathogenesis-related proteins; pathogens; phylogeny; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; sequence alignment; systemic acquired resistance; tissues; two hybrid system techniques
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1 (NPR1) regulates expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes by interacting with TGA family proteins during systemic acquired resistance (SAR). However, no TGA-like proteins or their interacting partners have been characterized in lily. RESULTS: In the present study, LhSorTGA2, a novel TGA-like protein, was identified as an interacting pa ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0201-y
PubMed:
29127659
PubMed Central:
PMC5681460

14. Chilling susceptibility in mungbean varieties is associated with their differentially expressed genes

Author:
Chen, Li-Ru; Ko, Chia-Yun; Folk, WilliamR.; Lin, Tsai-Yun
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 7
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Vigna radiata; cold stress; cold tolerance; cold treatment; dehydrins; genes; lipid transfer proteins; mung beans; nutritive value; photochemistry; photosystem II; seedlings; transcription (genetics)
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) is an economically important legume of high nutritional value, however, its cultivation is limited by susceptibility to chilling. Varieties NM94 and VC1973A, with differential susceptibility to stress, serve as good materials for uncovering how they differ in chilling tolerance. This study aimed to identify the ultrastructural, physiological and mole ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0161-2
PubMed:
28510190
PubMed Central:
PMC5432936

15. 13C NMR spectroscopy characterization of particle-size fractionated soil organic carbon in subalpine forest and grassland ecosystems

Author:
Shiau, Yo-Jin; Chen, Jenn-Shing; Chung, Tay-Lung; Tian, Guanglong; Chiu, Chih-Yu
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 23
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; humification; soil organic carbon; wildfires; particle size; Tsuga; grassland soils; carbon nitrogen ratio; forest soils; ecosystems; stable isotopes; microbial activity; grasslands; forests; Taiwan
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Soil organic carbon (SOC) and carbon (C) functional groups in different particle-size fractions are important indicators of microbial activity and soil decomposition stages under wildfire disturbances. This research investigated a natural Tsuga forest and a nearby fire-induced grassland along a sampling transect in Central Taiwan with the aim to better understand the effect of forest w ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0179-5
PubMed:
28560620
PubMed Central:
PMC5449357

16. Collecting near mature and immature orchid seeds for ex situ conservation: ‘in vitro collecting’ as a case study

Author:
Kendon, JonathanP.; Rajaovelona, Landy; Sandford, Helen; Fang, Rui; Bell, Jake; Sarasan, Viswambharan
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 34
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
germplasm; ovule culture; testa; germination; seed collecting; axenic culture; phenology; ex situ conservation; highlands; Orchidaceae; biodiversity; case studies; culture media; Madagascar
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Lack of phenological information and efficient collecting methods are considered impediments for orchid seed collecting. This leads to opportunistic collecting as part of general seed collecting schedules that may last few weeks especially in remote areas. The study explored the feasibility of collecting near mature and immature seeds to support conservation action plans. Mature, near ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0187-5
PubMed:
28791661
PubMed Central:
PMC5548706

17. Complete chloroplast genome sequences of two endangered Phoebe (Lauraceae) species

Author:
Li, Yingang; Xu, Wuqin; Zou, Wentao; Jiang, Dongyue; Liu, Xinhong
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 37
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Neotropics; Phoebe chekiangensis; chloroplast genome; chloroplasts; genes; genetic variation; microsatellite repeats; phylogeny; population genetics; ribosomal RNA; shrubs; species identification; transfer RNA; trees; China
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Phoebe (Lauraceae) comprises of evergreen trees or shrubs with approximately 100 species, distributed in tropical and subtropical Asia and Neotropical America. A total of 34 species and three varieties occur in China. Despite of economic and ecological value, only limited genomic resources are available for this genus. RESULTS: We sequenced the two complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0192-8
PubMed:
28905330
PubMed Central:
PMC5597560

18. Diurnal regulation of the floral scent emission by light and circadian rhythm in the Phalaenopsis orchids

Author:
Chuang, Yu-Chen; Lee, Ming-Chi; Chang, Ya-Lan; Chen, Wen-Huei; Chen, Hong-Hwa
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 50
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Phalaenopsis; biosynthesis; circadian clocks; circadian rhythm; flowering; geraniol; hybrids; linalool; odors; signal transduction; structural genes; transcription (genetics); transcription factors; transcriptome; wavelengths; white light
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Phalaenopsis bellina and its closely related species, P. violacea, emit linalool, geraniol and their derivatives as the predominant monoterpenes at the full-bloom stages. Geranyl diphosphate synthase (PbGDPS) is the key enzyme that converts precursors for monoterpene biosynthesis. Besides the monoterpenes being synthesized in concert with floral development stages, we noticed that the ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0204-8
PubMed:
29143225
PubMed Central:
PMC5688052

19. Ecogeographic variability and genetic diversity associated with seed albumins, globulins and prolamins patterns in Vicia taxa from Algeria

Author:
Bechkri, Sakina; Medoukali, Imane; Khelifi, Douadi
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 27
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Vicia; albumins; cluster analysis; genetic variation; globulins; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; prolamins; provenance; scientific expeditions; sodium dodecyl sulfate; storage proteins; Algeria
Abstract:
... Genetic variability was studied in 78 populations of locally collected Vicia L. taxa for seed albumins, globulins and prolamins patterns by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) along with an ecogeographic characterization of sites investigated. 131, 119 and 98 bands were respectively used for albumin, globulin and prolamin cluster analysis. Dendrograms based on the ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0177-7
PubMed:
28639218
PubMed Central:
PMC5479866

20. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic comparison of two different industrial tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) varieties against drought stress

Author:
Çelik, Özge; Ayan, Alp; Atak, Çimen
Source:
Botanical studies 2017 v.58 no.1 pp. 32
ISSN:
1999-3110
Subject:
Solanum lycopersicum; chlorophyll; drought; electrophoresis; enzyme activity; irrigation; isozymes; lipid peroxidation; photosynthesis; pigments; proline; protein content; seedlings; superoxide dismutase; tomatoes; water content; water stress
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to compare the tolerance mechanisms of two industrial tomato varieties (X5671R and 5MX12956) under drought stress. 14 days-old tomato seedlings were subjected to 7 days-long drought stress by withholding irrigation. The effects of stress were determined by enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters. The physiological damages were evaluated via lipid peroxidation ra ...
DOI:
10.1186/s40529-017-0186-6
PubMed:
28770515
PubMed Central:
PMC5540743