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You searched for: Journal British poultry science Remove constraint Journal: British poultry science Publication Year 2008 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2008 Source 2008 v.49 no.3 Remove constraint Source: 2008 v.49 no.3
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1. Breed differentiation among Japanese native chickens by specific skull features determined by direct measurements and computer vision techniques

Author:
Ino, Y.; Oka, T.; Nomura, K.; Watanabe, T.; Kawashima, S.; Amano, T.; Hayashi, Y.; Okabe, A.; Uehara, Y.; Masuda, T.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 273-281
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
chickens; chicken breeds; breed differences; skull; animal morphology; automatic detection; body measurements; morphometry; Japan
Abstract:
... 1. Inter-breed morphological comparisons were made among 11 breeds of Japanese native chickens (Gifujidori, Hinaidori, Shokoku, Totenko, Tomaru, Satsumadori, Shamo, Koshamo, Koeyoshi, Chabo and Nagoya), White Leghorn, broiler chickens (Chunky) and red junglefowl collected in the Philippines, based on results of direct measurements and analysis by computer vision techniques of the skull. 2. Analysi ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802094727
PubMed:
18568751

2. Comparison of proteolysis in native, heat-treated and aged proteins from turkey meat

Author:
Sante-Lhoutellier, V.S.; Theron, L.; Cepeda, M.; Grajales, A.; Gatellier, P.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 308-314
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
turkey meat; temperature; carbonyl compounds; trypsin; meat aging; frozen storage; breast muscle; chymotrypsin; proteolysis; storage time; solubility; hydrophobicity; heat treatment; protein content; enzyme activity; pepsin
Abstract:
... 1. The present study compared the ability of native, heat-treated and aged turkey breast muscle proteins to undergo proteolysis by digestive tract proteases. 2. Domestic turkey toms were slaughtered under laboratory conditions. Breast muscles were excised immediately post mortem; one was placed under conditions to develop exudative meat by maintaining the muscle at 40°C for at least 30 min and the ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802146006
PubMed:
18568755

3. Crop β-glucanase activity limits the effectiveness of a recombinant cellulase used to supplement a barley-based feed for free-range broilers

Author:
Ponte, P.I.P.; Lordelo, M.M.S.; Guerreiro, C.I.P.D.; Soares, M.C.; Mourao, J.L.; Crespo, J.P.; Crespo, D.G.; Prates, J.A.M.; Ferreira, L.M.A.; Fontes, C.M.G.A.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 347-359
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; intestinal microorganisms; barley; feeds; feed additives; cellulases; viscosity; pastures; proteolysis; nutritive value; beta-glucanase; digesta; genotype; polysaccharides; crop (digestive system); enzyme activity; enzyme inhibition; broiler feeding; animal age
Abstract:
... 1. The supplementation of diets rich in soluble polysaccharides with microbial cellulases and hemicellulases decreases digesta viscosity and promotes broiler performance. 2. In contrast, recent experiments suggest that polysaccharidases are ineffective for improving the nutritive value of pasture biomass used by free-range broilers. However, the feasibility of using cellulases and hemicellulases t ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802158340

4. Effects of fungal (Aspergillus niger or Ceriporiopsis subvermispora) fermentation on the nutritive value of shea nut (Vitellaria paradoxa) meal for broiler chicks

Author:
Dei, H.K.; Rose, S.P.; Mackenzie, A.M.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 360-367
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; chicks; broiler feeding; shea; oilmeals; Aspergillus niger; Ceriporiopsis subvermispora; fermentation; feed processing; feed rations; nutrient content; tannins; saponins; nutritive value; antinutritional factors
Abstract:
... 1. Shea nut (Vitellaria paradoxa Gaertn.) meal was fermented for 8 d with either Aspergillus niger, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora or a mixture of the two organisms. The fermentation was completed using two methods, an opened container or a closed container. 2. Each of the 6 samples was dried and incorporated into basal broiler diets at 90 g/kg. 3. In addition, the unfermented shea nut meal was incor ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802126651

5. Evaluation of the performance of different cleaning treatments in reducing microbial contamination of poultry transport crates

Author:
Allen, V.M.; Burton, C.H.; Wilkinson, D.J.; Whyte, R.T.; Harris, J.A.; Howell, M.; Tinker, D.B.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 233-240
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
poultry; animal transport; crates; sanitation; microbial contamination; disinfection; temperature; organic matter; Campylobacter; soaking; washing; disinfectants; ultrasonic treatment; hygiene
Abstract:
... 1. The present systems for cleaning the plastic crates (drawers) used to transport live poultry to the processing plant are known to be inadequate for removing microbial contamination. 2. To investigate possible improvements, a mobile experimental rig was constructed and operated in the lairage of a poultry processing plant. The cleaning rig could simulate the conditions of commercial cleaning sys ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802094206
PubMed:
18568746

6. Naked oats: metabolisable energy yield from a range of varieties in broilers, cockerels and turkeys

Author:
MacLeod, M.G.; Valentine, J.; Cowan, A.; Wade, A.; McNeill, L.; Bernard, K.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 368-377
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
energy intake; feed grains; broiler chickens; poultry feeding; viscosity; cockerels; starch; jejunum; crude protein; digestible energy; cultivars; feed additives; beta-glucanase; hulls; lipid content; turkeys; oats; digesta; Avena sativa; metabolizable energy
Abstract:
... 1. Naked oats belong to the same species as 'common oats', Avena sativa, but have a non-lignified husk which readily becomes detached during harvesting. The absence of the indigestible husk can be predicted to give an increased metabolisable energy (ME) content for poultry. 2. Measurements of true metabolisable energy (TME(N)) were performed on 3-week-old broiler chicks (Cobb males), adult cockere ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802094164
PubMed:
18568762

7. Nutrient retention and growth performance of chicks given low-phytate conventional or hull-less barleys

Author:
Salarmoini, M.; Campbell, G.L.; Rossnagel, B.G.; Raboy, V.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 321
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
chicks; animal growth; barley; Hordeum vulgare; feed grains; phytic acid; hulls; feed rations; poultry feeding; cultivars; phosphorus; excreta; dietary minerals; nutrient content; nutrient availability; liveweight gain; bone density; ash content; feed conversion; nutrient retention
Abstract:
... 1. The experimental barley samples included 4 hulled and one hull-less low-phytate barley cultivars and two commercial barley varieties as controls. 2. The diets were provided in meal form, with the experimental barley samples constituting the cereal source. Two additional treatments were added for each of the control varieties in which intermediate and recommended levels of phosphorus were provid ...
Handle:
10113/20531
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802136890
PubMed:
18568757

8. Predicting performance of broiler chickens from dietary nutrients using group method of data handling-type neural networks

Author:
Ahmadi, H.; Mottaghitalab, M.; Nariman-Zadeh, N.; Golian, A.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 315-320
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
nutrient intake; broiler chickens; simulation models; dietary protein; lysine; equations; neural networks; crude protein; methionine; metabolizable energy; animal performance; broiler feeding; prediction
Abstract:
... 1. Successful artificial neural network (ANN) applications have been found for many areas. One sub-model of ANNs is the group method of data handling-type neural networks (GMDH-type NNs). The use of self-organising networks leads to successful application in a broad range of areas. However, the use of such methods is not common in poultry science. 2. Broiler chicken nutrition is recognised as a bi ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802136908
PubMed:
18568756

9. Regulation of taste-active components of meat by dietary branched-chain amino acids; effects of branched-chain amino acid antagonism

Author:
Imanari, M.; Kadowaki, M.; Fujimura, S.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 299-307
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; leucine; valine; feeds; chicken meat; branched chain amino acids; glutamates; flavor; isoleucine; flavor compounds; broiler feeding; feed rations
Abstract:
... 1. The effects of dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) including leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile) and valine (Val) on taste-active components, especially free glutamate (Glu), in meat were investigated. 2. Broiler chickens (28 d old) were given varied dietary BCAA levels for 10 d before marketing. Dietary BCAA content ratios were either 100:100:100 (Low Leu group), 150:100:100 (Control group) ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802155080

10. Role of loose feathers on the development of feather pecking in laying hens

Author:
Ramadan, S.G.A.; Borell, E. von
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 250-256
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
animal behavior; stocking rate; feather pecking; laying hens; flocks; animal welfare; aggression; diurnal variation; feathers; foraging; animal age
Abstract:
... 1. The effect of the presence of loose feathers (on the floor) on the behaviour and plumage condition of laying hens (Lohmann Silver, LS) was studied during the rearing and laying periods. 2. From one day old, 60 birds in each of 4 straw-bedded pens (n = 240 in total) with 6·5 birds/m2 were either kept under conventional rearing and management conditions (CT: control group with feathers on the flo ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802094180
PubMed:
18568748

11. Sensitivity of broiler starters to three doses of an enzyme cocktail in maize-based diets

Author:
Cowieson, A.J.; Ravindran, V.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 340-346
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
excreta; chicks; feed grains; broiler chickens; dose response; xylanases; nutrient uptake; liveweight gain; digestible energy; broiler feeding; ileum; feed additives; feed conversion; corn; nutrient retention; amino acid composition; proteinases; dosage; digesta; amylases; metabolizable energy
Abstract:
... 1. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of an enzyme cocktail composed of xylanase, amylase and protease on the performance and nutrient utilisation of broiler starters fed on a maize-based diet. A maize/soy-based control diet was formulated to be marginal in apparent metabolisable energy (AME) and amino acids and this diet was fed without or with two concentrations (250 and ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802126669
PubMed:
18568759

12. Similar improvements in reproductive performance of male line, female line and parent stock broiler breeders genetically selected in the UK or in South America

Author:
Hocking, P.M.; McCorquodale, C.C.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 282-289
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
phenotype; broiler breeders; egg hatchability; fecundity; genetic improvement; males; pedigree; genotype-environment interaction; mortality; egg production; animal breeding; chicks; females; artificial selection; United Kingdom; Brazil
Abstract:
... 1. Field data on the reproductive performance of parent stock and grandparent female line and male line broiler breeders were extracted from a commercial database covering the years of hatch from 1989 to 2002. The data were from the UK, Western Europe, Central and South America and Japan. Quadratic regression curves were fitted to the data to estimate the long-term phenotypic trends in total egg p ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802129853
PubMed:
18568752

13. Structural heterogeneity of yolk spheres in hierarchical follicles from hen ovary: a histochemical study

Author:
Parshad, R.K.; Kaur, R.; Natt, J.K.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 265-272
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
diameter; quantitative analysis; laying hens; ovarian follicles; carbohydrate content; lipid composition; egg yolk; protein content; histochemistry; phospholipids
Abstract:
... 1. Four types of yolk spheres with variable structure, chemical composition and frequency of occurrence in yolk plasma of hierarchical follicles (F4, F3, F2 and F1 with diameters of 10·0, 15·5, 20·0 and 35·0 mm, respectively) of the hen ovary were identified using histochemical methods for localising lipids, carbohydrates and proteins. 2. Yolk spheres of the first type (YS1) had a phospholipoprote ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802094198

14. Survey of chicken rearing conditions in Italy: effects of litter quality and stocking density on productivity, foot dermatitis and carcase injuries

Author:
Meluzzi, A.; Fabbri, C.; Folegatti, E.; Sirri, F.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 257-264
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; litter (bedding); stocking rate; poultry production; flocks; foot diseases; body weight; poultry diseases; animal welfare; lacerations; carcass quality; seasonal variation; dermatitis; mortality; Italy
Abstract:
... 1. A survey was carried out to assess some welfare indicators in broilers reared by the largest poultry companies in Italy, to determine whether they accord with European proposal COM (2005) 221 final. 2. Productive traits, carcase injuries and foot dermatitis were recorded from 279 640 broiler chickens reared in winter and in summer in 5 farms representative of the Italian production system. 3. T ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802094156
PubMed:
18568749

15. The effects of fructo-oligosaccharides or whole wheat on the performance and digestive tract of broiler chickens

Author:
Williams, J.; Mallet, S.; Leconte, M.; Lessire, M.; Gabriel, I.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 329-339
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
broiler chickens; intestinal microorganisms; duodenum; pancreas; gizzard; feed additives; feed conversion; intestinal crypts; wheat; fructooligosaccharides; liveweight gain; digestive enzymes; feed intake; feed concentrates; tissue weight; broiler feeding; feed rations; leucyl aminopeptidase
Abstract:
... 1. The objective of this experiment was to study two feeding methods, which could potentially act on the gut microflora, the structure and/or the function of the digestive tract and thereby improve the performance of broilers. 2. Four dietary treatments were studied: a negative control (wheat based) with no additives (C), a positive control with 0·01 g/kg avilamycin (AV), a treatment with 0·6 g/kg ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802123351
PubMed:
18568758

16. Transfer of fat-soluble pesticides from contaminated feed to poultry tissues and eggs

Author:
MacLachlan, D.J.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 290-298
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
interspecific variation; simulation models; animal growth; half life; laying hens; residual effects; food contamination; pesticide residues; risk assessment; feed contamination; hydrophobicity; hen feeding; pesticides; body fat
Abstract:
... 1. Implementation of Good Manufacturing Practice and HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points) in the production of poultry feed requires efficient tools for profiling risks associated with pesticide use in the production of crops for feed. 2. This paper describes a simple model that may be of use in the first tiers of risk profiling of feeds. 3. The model adequately reproduced the pattern o ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802123344
PubMed:
18568753

17. Vocalisations and acoustic parameters of flock noise from feather pecking and non-feather pecking laying flocks

Author:
Bright, A.
Source:
British poultry science 2008 v.49 no.3 pp. 241-249
ISSN:
0007-1668
Subject:
breed differences; feather pecking; laying hens; animal well-being; flocks; chicken breeds; vocalization
Abstract:
... 1. In this study, the calling rates of vocalisations known to indicate distress and aversive events (Alarm calls, Squawks, Total vocalisations) and acoustic parameters of flock noise were quantified from feather and non-feather pecking laying flocks. 2. One hour of flock noise (background machinery and hen vocalisations) was recorded from 21 commercial free-range laying hen flocks aged >or=35 week ...
DOI:
10.1080/00071660802094172
PubMed:
18568747