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You searched for: Journal name Canadian journal of animal science Remove constraint Journal name: Canadian journal of animal science Publication year rev 7989-2011 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7989-2011 Source 2011 v.91 no.2 Remove constraint Source: 2011 v.91 no.2
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1. Comparison of expression levels of candidate genes in endometrium of dairy heifers and lactating dairy cows

Author:
Pretheeban, T.; Gordon, M.B.; Singh, R.; Rajamahendran, R.
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 255-264
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
dairy cows; dairy heifers; endometrium; estrus; genes; immunohistochemistry; lactation; messenger RNA; pregnancy outcome; pregnancy rate; protein synthesis; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; tumor necrosis factors
Abstract:
... Pregnancy rates (PR) in high-producing lactating dairy cows have declined drastically over the past several decades, but those of heifers have remained constant. Reduced PR could be due to multiple causes, and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are still unclear. A compromised maternal uterine environment could be one of factors that could affect the PR. This study was performed to compa ...

2. Effect of supplementing the diet of lactating sows with NuPro on sow lactation performance and piglet growth

Author:
Plante, P.A.; Laforest, J.P.; Farmer, C.
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 295-300
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
analysis of variance; animal performance; blood; diet; feed intake; lactation; litter size; milk; milk composition; nucleotides; piglets; proteins; sows; urea; weight loss
Abstract:
... The impact of supplementing the diet of lactating sows with NuPro (a source of yeast-derived proteins) on their performance and that of their piglets was studied. Treatments were: control (CTL, n=22), 30 g of NuPro per day (NuPro30, n=22), and 60 g of NuPro per day (NuPro60, n=21). The NuPro was mixed daily with 500 g of feed and provided over a 21-d lactation. Jugular blood samples were obtained ...

3. Effects of grain-pellet and alfalfa-pellet subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) challenges on feeding behaviour of lactating dairy cows

Author:
Li, S.; Khafipour, E.; Krause, D.O.; Gonzalez, L.A.; Plaizier, J.C.
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 323-330
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
alfalfa; alfalfa hay; barley; cannulas; dairy cows; diet; dry matter intake; feeding behavior; ingestion; lactation; mangers; pH; pellets; rumen; ruminal acidosis; silage
Abstract:
... The effects of two nutritional challenges aimed at inducing subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) on the feeding behaviour of lactating dairy cows were investigated in two separate experiments. Both experiments included eight tie-stall-housed cows that were fed once daily. Feeding behaviour of individual cows was monitored by continuously weighing the feed in the mangers. In each experiment, ruminal pH ...

4. Effects of short-term oilseed supplementation on reproductive performance in beef heifers

Author:
Scholljegerdes, E.J.; Lekatz, L.A.; Vonnahme, K.A.
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 221-229
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
artificial insemination; beef cattle; conception; controlled internal drug release devices; fatty acid composition; gonadotropin-releasing hormone; grass hay; heifers; linoleic acid; linolenic acid; nutritional intervention; oilseeds; pregnancy rate; reproductive performance
Abstract:
... The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the role of a short-term increase in linolenic acid around the timed artificial insemination (TAI) on plasma fatty acid concentrations, estrous behavior, and pregnancy. Therefore, 96 cross-bred heifers (Initial BW=394±18.1 kg) fed chopped grass hay were allotted to one of three dietary treatments: no supplement (CON); 1.8 kg head−1 d−1 (DM basis) of ...

5. Estimation of enteric methane emissions trends (1990–2008) from Manitoba beef cattle using empirical and mechanistic models

Author:
Alemu, Aklilu W.; Ominski, K.H.; Kebreab, E
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 305-321
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
animal performance; beef cattle; carbon dioxide; climate change; emissions; energy intake; feed composition; gender; inventories; mechanistic models; methane; methane production; physiological state; Manitoba
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to estimate and assess trends in enteric methane (CH4) emissions from the Manitoba beef cattle population from the base year of 1990 to 2008 using mathematical models. Two empirical (statistical) models: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Tier 2 and a nonlinear equation (Ellis), and two dynamic mechanistic models: MOLLY (v3) and COWPOLL were used. Beef ...

6. GnRH agonist (buserelin)-induced in vitro apoptosis in bovine endometrium

Author:
Singh, Ravinder; Pretheeban, Thavaneetharajah; Rajamahendran, Rajadurai
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 265-273
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
agonists; apoptosis; cattle; endometrium; epithelial cells; gene expression regulation; gonadotropin-releasing hormone; homeostasis; messenger RNA; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; slaughterhouses
Abstract:
... Apoptosis is a vital physiological process. The local modulatory role of the GnRH, GnRH-R system in uterine physiology is not clear. We investigated GnRH agonist (buserelin)-induced apoptosis in bovine endometrium. Reproductive tracts were collected from a local abattoir. The endometrial explants were sliced into smaller pieces, cultured for 20 h and then treated (6 h) with buserelin (0, 200, 500, ...

7. Outdoor yards for sheep during winter – Effects of feed location, roof and weather factors on resting and activity

Author:
Jørgensen, Grete Helen Meisfjord; Boe, Knut Egil
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 213-220
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
ewes; weather; winter
Abstract:
... The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of roof cover and location of feed on sheep's use of an outdoor yard under different weather conditions. A 2×2 factorial experiment was conducted with roof covering of outdoor yard (yes or no) and location of feed (indoors or outdoors) in four different pens, each with one of four possible combinations of these factors. Twenty adult ewes of ...

8. Response to selection and genotype–environment interaction in mink (Neovison vison) selected on ad libitum and restricted feeding

Author:
Nielsen, Vivi Hunnicke; Møller, Steen Henrik; Hansen, Bente Krogh; Berg, Peer
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 231-237
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Neovison vison; ad libitum feeding; appetite; breeding; breeding value; feed conversion; females; litter size; males; mink; restricted feeding; selection response
Abstract:
... Mink were selected for high November weight (AL line) and low feed conversion ratio (FC line) on ad libitum feeding and for high November weight on restricted feeding (RF line). After three generations of selection, the average estimated breeding value for November weight was 533, 326, and 150 g in males and 168, 82, and −85 g in females in the AL, RF, and FC lines. The breeding value for feed con ...

9. Review: Supplementation of phytase and carbohydrases to diets for poultry

Author:
Woyengo, T.A.; Nyachoti, C.M.
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 177-192
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
antinutritional factors; calcium; cell walls; diet; nutrient utilization; nutrients; phosphorus; phytases; phytic acid; poultry
Abstract:
... Feedstuffs of plant origin contain anti-nutritional factors such as phytic acid (PA) and non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), which limit nutrient utilization in poultry. Phytic acid contains phosphorus, which is poorly digested by poultry, and has the capacity to bind to and reduce the utilisation of other nutrients, whereas NSP are indigestible and have the capacity to reduce nutrient utilisation b ...

10. SNPknow: a web server for functional annotation of cattle SNP markers

Author:
Wang, Qishan; Zhao, Hongbo; Pan, Yuchun
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 247-253
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Internet; cattle; databases; genes; microarray technology; single nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract:
... Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) microarray technology provides new insights to identify the genetic factors associated with the traits of interest. To meet the immediate need for a framework of genome-wide association study (GWAS), we have developed SNPknow, a suite of CGI-based tools that provide enrichment analysis and functional annotation for cattle SNP markers and allow the users to nav ...

11. Short Communication: Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy accurately predicts the digestible energy content of barley for pigs

Author:
Zijlstra, R.T.; Swift, M.L.; Wang, L.F.; Scott, T.A.; Edney, M.J.
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 301-304
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
broiler chickens; energy content; feeder pigs; barley; near-infrared spectroscopy; metabolizable energy; digestible energy
Abstract:
... Density, chicken apparent metabolizable energy (AME), and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) were tested to predict the widely varying swine digestible energy (DE) content of barley. The DE content of 39 barley samples ranged from 2686 to 3163 kcal kg−1 (90% DM) in grower pigs. The R2 between DE content and density (0.14) and broiler chicken AME content (0.18 and 0.56, without and with ...

12. The effects of dietary hesperidin supplementation on broiler performance and chicken meat characteristics

Author:
Simitzis, P.E.; Symeon, G.K.; Charismiadou, M.A.; Ayoutanti, A.G.; Deligeorgis, S.G.
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 275-282
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Citrus; acetates; alpha-tocopherol; antioxidant activity; bones; breast meat; broiler chickens; carcass characteristics; chicken meat; citrus pulp; cooking quality; cooling; feed conversion; fillets; growth performance; hesperidin; intramuscular fat; lipid peroxidation; meat carcasses; meat composition; meat quality; oxidative stability; shear strength; weight gain
Abstract:
... An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of supplementing broiler feed with hesperidin, a bioflavonoid that is an abundant and inexpensive by-product of citrus cultivation, on growth performance, carcass characteristics, breast meat quality characteristics and the oxidative stability of breast meat. Eighty 308-d-old Ross male broiler chickens were randomly assigned to four groups. One of ...

13. Review: The use of direct fed microbials to mitigate pathogens and enhance production in cattle

Author:
McAllister, T.A.; Beauchemin, K.A.; Alazzeh, A.Y.; Baah, J.; Teather, R.M.; Stanford, K.
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 193-211
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Aspergillus oryzae; Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens; Enterococcus; Escherichia coli O157; GRAS substances; Lactobacillus; Megasphaera elsdenii; Propionibacterium; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Salmonella; Selenomonas ruminantium; Staphylococcus aureus; bacteria; cattle; digestion; feed conversion; fungi; intestinal microorganisms; microbial communities; milk yield; pathogens; production technology; rumen; ruminal acidosis
Abstract:
... Direct-fed microbials (DFM) have been employed in ruminant production for over 30 yr. Originally, DFM were used primarily in young ruminants to accelerate establishment of the intestinal microflora involved in feed digestion and to promote gut health. Further advancements led to more sophisticated mixtures of DFM that are targeted at improving fiber digestion and preventing ruminal acidosis in mat ...

14. Storage conditions of wet corn distillers' grains with solubles in combination with other feeds and understanding the effects on performance of lactating dairy cows

Author:
Ramirez-Ramirez, H.A.; Geis, A.R.; Heine, C.S.; Clark, K.J.; Gehman, A.M.; Kononoff, P.J.
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 331-339
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Bromus; Holstein; bags; corn; corn silage; dairy cows; diet; distillers grains; dry matter intake; hay; lactation; milk yield; pH; polyethylene; silage making; silos; storage conditions; stored grain
Abstract:
... Wet distillers’ grains are commonly stored in polyethylene silo bags until needed for feeding. The objective of the first experiment was to evaluate the nature of ensiling wet distillers’ grains with soluble (WDGS) alone or in combination with other feeds. A 3×4×3 factorial experiment was conducted in which 36 mixtures were made using three loads of distillers’ grains stored at varying levels with ...

15. A survey comparing meat quality attributes of beef from credence attribute-based production systems

Author:
Markus, S.B.; Aalhus, J.L.; Janz, J.A.M.; Larsen, I.L.
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 283-294
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
age at slaughter; beef; consumer acceptance; cooked foods; drip loss; flavor; industry; intramuscular fat; juiciness; lipid content; meat quality; odors; production technology; seasonal variation; shear strength; shear stress; spring; steaks; summer; surveys; vacuum packaging; winter
Abstract:
... Two branded beef programs based on producer-defined production systems differentiated by intangible credence attributes (Organic and Natural) were compared with Commodity beef to determine meat quality and assess consumer acceptability. In each of four slaughter seasons (winter, spring, summer and fall) longissimus lumborum muscle samples were collected from two industry slaughter plants; Organic ...

16. The use of silver nitrate for the identification of spermatozoon structure in selected mammals

Author:
Andraszek, Katarzyna; Smalec, Elzbieta
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2011 v.91 no.2 pp. 239-246
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
chemical composition; chromatin; embryogenesis; genome; mammals; semen; silver nitrate; somatic cells; spermatozoa; testes
Abstract:
... The spermatozoon is one of the most diversified cell types, and the chromatin of the haploid spermatozoon genome is essentially different from that of the somatic cell as regards its chemical composition, structure and function. Although the structure of spermatozoon chromatin has crucial importance for fertilization and embryo development, standard staining techniques are still predominantly used ...