U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Https

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Journal name Canadian journal of animal science Remove constraint Journal name: Canadian journal of animal science
Start Over

Search

1,108  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 50 of 1,108 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. Can phytogenic additives improve the performance of broilers and replace growth-promoting antibiotics? A meta-analytic approach

Author:
Gustavo do Valle Polycarpo; Gabrieli Andressa de Lima; Thaís de Souza Ávida; Fábio Sampaio Rosas; Valquíria Cação Cruz-Polycarpo; Jaqueline Dalbello Biller; Bárbara Fernanda da Silva Barbosa; Maria Fernanda de Castro Burbarelli
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 289-300
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
average daily gain; broiler chickens; feed conversion; feed intake; meta-analysis; poultry production
Abstract:
... Phytogenic additives have been studied intensively in broiler chicken production to substitute growth-promoting antibiotics. However, the comprehensive literature on this topic makes it difficult to understand overall results because there are a noticeable number of studies with conflicting conclusions. While several research studies have shown that phytogenic additives may increment broiler chick ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0058

2. Comparative analysis of antimicrobial resistance and genetic characteristics of Escherichia coli from broiler breeder farms in Korea

Author:
Shin-Woo Kim; Koeun Kim; Young Ju Lee
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 342-351
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Escherichia coli; acid tolerance; ampicillin; antibiotic resistance; broiler breeders; cephalothin; chloramphenicol; genes; nalidixic acid; phenotype; tetracycline; virulence; Korean Peninsula
Abstract:
... Broiler breeder farms could be a reservoir of Escherichia coli, disseminating antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors. We investigated the antimicrobial resistance of E. coli from nine broiler breeder farms and characterised their resistance and virulence genes. A total of 256 E. coli showed a high level of resistance to tetracycline, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, and cephalothin, followed by ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0090

3. Comparative digestibility of energy, dry matter, and nutrients by gestating and lactating sows fed corn–soybean meal diets without or with full-fat or defatted rice bran

Author:
Gloria A. Casas; Maryane S.F. Oliveira; Charmaine D. Espinosa; H.H. Stein
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 401-405
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
diet; digestibility; energy; lactation; neutral detergent fiber; organic matter; phosphorus; pregnancy; rice bran
Abstract:
... Twenty-four gestating sows and 24 lactating sows were randomly allotted to three diets with eight replicate sows per treatment in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Different sows were used in gestation and lactation periods. The hypothesis was that digestibility of gross energy (GE), dry matter (DM), and nutrients in lactating sows is not different from that in gestating sows. A corn–soybean-meal die ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0086

4. Effects of nutritional management regimen and residual feed intake (RFI) classification on RFI reranking and feeding behaviour for finishing beef steers

Author:
N.N. Ferriman; J.J. Devos; A.M. Edwards; K.M. Wood; C.P. Campbell; I.B. Mandell
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 301-316
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
alfalfa; average daily gain; beef; corn silage; diet; dry matter intake; feed conversion; growth performance; pastures
Abstract:
... Over 2 years, 207 steers were fed an alfalfa/corn silage diet to determine growing phase (GP) residual feed intake (RFI) classification (low, medium, and high) for individual cattle. Steers were then allocated to two finishing management regimens (MR): MR 1 cattle gradually adjusted to an 84.7% concentrate (dry matter (DM) basis) diet; MR 2 included backgrounding on pasture before finishing using ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0023

5. Effet du type de stabulation sur le bien-être des vaches laitières en Algérie

Author:
S. Matallah; N. M’Hamdi; F. Matallah; Z. Bounouala
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 325-331
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Holstein; animal welfare; dairy cows; farmers; forage; free stalls; hygiene; thirst; winter; Algeria
Abstract:
... The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of the type of housing on Holstein dairy cow welfare on farms in northeast Algeria in four wilayas on the basis of the Welfare Quality® evaluation protocol for bovines. Therefore, we applied this protocol to 50 dairy farms with free stall housing and 50 dairy farms with tie stall housing. A total of 2200 dairy cows were evaluated during ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0001

6. First-service pregnancy rate among beef heifers with different residual feed intake

Author:
Amir Behrouzi; Marcos Colazo; Changxi Li; Carolyn Fitzsimmons
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 406-409
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Angus; backfat; beef; feed conversion; feed intake; pregnancy rate; semen
Abstract:
... The effect of residual feed intake (a measure of feed efficiency) adjusted for backfat thickness (RFIfₐₜ) on pregnancy rate (PR) was examined in Angus heifers over 2 yr. High- or Low-RFI heifers were timed artificially inseminated (TAI) with semen from High- or Low-RFI sires, respectively. There was a negative association (P < 0.05) between RFIfₐₜ value and PR in Year II for Low-RFI heifers. In Ye ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0105

7. The early story of growth hormone-releasing factor in rats, swine, and cattle

Author:
Jean Morisset
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 211-231
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
digestive system; gilts; humans; milk production; pancreatic neoplasms; rats; somatoliberin; steers; California
Abstract:
... Following the discovery of the growth hormone-releasing factor from a human pancreatic tumor by the group of Guillemin at the Salk Institute in California, research on this factor has exploded. This review article is focused on the results obtained early after this discovery and summarizes the biological effects of this releasing factor on the rat digestive system development and above all on pig, ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0044

8. A prospective longitudinal study of risk factors associated with cattle lameness in southern Alberta feedlots

Author:
S. Marti; M.D. Jelinski; E.D. Janzen; M.J. Jelinski; C.L. Dorin; K. Orsel; E.A. Pajor; J. Shearer; S.T. Millman; K.S. Schwartzkopf-Genswein
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.4 pp. 647-654
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Holstein; body weight; diet; feedlots; forage; lameness; longitudinal studies; respiratory tract diseases; spring; temperature; Alberta
Abstract:
... The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence proportion of lameness in feedlot cattle and the associated risk factors. Lameness was studied in two southern Alberta feedlots over a 2 yr period. The incidence proportion of lameness was 36.3% for all calves pulled for treatment. Risk factors associated (P < 0.0001) with increased lameness included body weight (BW), type of cattle, sou ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0128

9. Are muscle fiber types different between normal and dark-cutting beef?

Author:
Bimol C. Roy; Shahid Mahmood; Heather L. Bruce
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 274-288
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
beef; beef quality; heifers; longissimus muscle; muscle fibers; pH; steers; Canada
Abstract:
... Muscle fiber (MF) characteristics of longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles from heifer (n = 11) and steer (n = 12) carcasses graded Canada AA (AA, normal, n = 4 per sex) or dark-cutting (Canada B4) were examined and related to beef quality. Atypical (AB4, pH < 5.9, n = 4 per sex) and typical (TB4, pH > 5.9, n = 3 and 4 for heifers and steers, respectively) dark-cutting carcasses were represented. Musc ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0085

10. Bark charcoal powder containing wood vinegar liquid can shorten the time to shipping of broilers raised in tropical areas by activating performance and intestinal function

Author:
Janjira Sittiya; Koh-en Yamauchi; Kohsyo Yamauchi
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.4 pp. 735-744
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
ambient temperature; ammonium nitrogen; bark; body weight changes; charcoal; digestibility; duodenum; energy; feed conversion; growth performance; heat stress; histology; liquids; poultry production; vinegars; wood
Abstract:
... The effect of dietary bark charcoal containing vinegar liquid (BCV) on the growth performance, carcass and visceral organs, intestinal histology, fecal ammonia nitrogen, and nutrient digestibility were investigated in a total of 350 one-day-old unsexed Ross 308 broilers raised under a high environmental temperature (heat stress) from 0 to 42 d of age. They were divided into 0% (control group), 1%, ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0025

11. Comparison and estimation of different linear and nonlinear lactation curve submodels in random regression analyses on dairy cattle

Author:
Xiaojing Zhou; Jingyan Zhang
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.3 pp. 567-576
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
animal models; computer software; dairy cattle; lactation; lactation curve; milk yield; phenotype; regression analysis
Abstract:
... In the random regression model (RRM) for milk yield, by replacing empirical lactation curves with the five-order Legendre polynomial to fit fixed groups, the RRM can be transformed to a hierarchical model that consisted of a RRM in the first hierarchy with Legendre polynomials as individuals’ lactation curves resolved by restricted maximum likelihood (REML) software, and a multivariate animal mode ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0085

12. Diarrhea duration and performance outcomes of pre-weaned dairy calves supplemented with bacteriophage

Author:
Evandro Schmoeller; Adriane D. C. de Matos; Natalia M. Rahal; Josiane O. Feijo; Cassio C. Brauner; Francisco Augusto B. Del Pino; Marcio N. Correa; Viviane R. Rabassa
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 165-174
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Escherichia coli; Holstein; Salmonella; albumins; average daily gain; bacteriophages; blood serum; cholesterol; diarrhea; disease occurrence; females; phage therapy; urea; virulence; weight gain
Abstract:
... This study aimed to evaluate lytic bacteriophage supplementation in pre-weaned dairy calves on disease occurrence, performance, and biochemical parameters. Two hundred Holstein × Gyr crossbred female calves were divided into two groups: CON, no supplementation; and PHAGE, bacteriophage supplementation (1 g·d⁻¹) from day 3 until day 70 of life. Calves were monitored daily for age of first diarrheal ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0074

13. Dietary glycine equivalent and standardized ileal digestible methionine + cysteine levels for male broiler chickens fed low-crude-protein diets

Author:
Paschal Chukwudi Aguihe; Ivan Camilo Ospina-Rojas; Marcia Izumi Sakamoto; Paulo Cesar Pozza; Eustace Ayemere Iyayi; Alice Eiko Murakami
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 19-29
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
breast meat; cysteine; diet; ileum; males; methionine
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to determine the optimum dietary glycine equivalent (Glyₑqᵤᵢ) level in low-crude-protein diets of 181 g·kg⁻¹ containing varied concentrations of standardized ileal digestible (SID) methionine + cysteine (Met + Cys) for broiler chicks (1–21 d old). A total of 1275, 1-d-old Cobb-Vantress® male broilers were distributed in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement with a completely rando ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0009

14. Effect of dietary energy density and folic acid supplementation on white striping occurrence and growth performance of broiler chickens

Author:
Deborah I. Adewole; Janice MacIsaac; Chengbo Yang
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.4 pp. 788-792
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
breasts; energy; energy density; feed conversion; feed intake; females; fillets; folic acid; growth performance; males; pectoralis muscle
Abstract:
... Broilers were allocated to eight treatments consisting of two energy levels: normal (NE) and high (HE), and four folic acid (FA) levels (2.2, 5, 10, and 15 ppm). On day 42, two male and two female chickens were euthanized per pen, and white striping (WS) evaluation was performed on the pectoralis major. Birds fed HE diets had reduced (P < 0.05) feed intake and feed conversion rate than those on NE ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0175

15. Effect of pine-based biochars with differing physiochemical properties on methane production, ruminal fermentation, and rumen microbiota in an artificial rumen (RUSITEC) fed barley silage

Author:
Paul Tamayao; Gabriel O. Ribeiro; Tim A. McAllister; Kim H. Ominski; Atef M. Saleem; Hee Eun Yang; Erasmus K. Okine; Emma J. McGeough
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.3 pp. 577-589
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Protozoa; barley; biochar; fermentation; methane; methane production; protein synthesis; rumen fermentation; silage; species diversity; volatile fatty acids
Abstract:
... This study investigated the effects of three pine-based biochar products on nutrient disappearance, total gas and methane (CH₄) production, rumen fermentation, microbial protein synthesis, and rumen microbiota in a rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) fed a barley-silage-based total mixed ration (TMR). Treatments consisted of 10 g TMR supplemented with no biochar (control) and three different bioc ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0129

16. Effect of refrigeration on the collagen and texture characteristics of yak meat

Author:
Shengsheng Li; Yawei Zhang; Shujie Liu
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 175-183
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
animal science; chewiness; cohesion; cold storage; collagen; hardness; histology; meat; quality control; refrigeration; solubility; texture; yaks
Abstract:
... To investigate the effect of refrigeration on the collagen and texture characteristics of yak meat, the changes in collagen content, solubility, shear force, hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess, and chewiness of yak meat at 4 ± 1 °C were measured. The results showed that the contents and solubility of collagen in yak meat significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The myofibrillar fragmentatio ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0059

17. Effect of xylanase and live yeast supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut microbiome diversity of pigs

Author:
H. Lu; H. Yan; H.M. Masey O’Neill; C.L. Bradley; M.R. Bedford; P. Wilcock; C.H. Nakatsu; O. Adeola; K.M. Ajuwon
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.3 pp. 459-472
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
average daily gain; body weight; digestibility; energy; feed conversion; glucose transporters; growth performance; intestinal microorganisms; nitrogen; phosphorus; weanlings; xylanases; yeasts
Abstract:
... Effect of xylanase (Xyl) and live yeast (LY) supplementation on gut microbiome composition, growth performance, and nutrient digestibility of weanling pigs was determined. A total of 180 weanling pigs were assigned to five treatments from weaning to market. Treatments were designated based on whether Xyl, LY, or their combination were fed in the first 2 wk postweaning or thereafter until finishing ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0082

18. Effects of biochar source, level of inclusion, and particle size on in vitro dry matter disappearance, total gas, and methane production and ruminal fermentation parameters in a barley silage-based diet

Author:
Paul Tamayao; Gabriel O. Ribeiro; Tim A. McAllister; Kim H. Ominski; Erasmus K. Okine; Emma J. McGeough
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.1 pp. 133-144
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
animal science; barley; biochar; coconuts; diet; methane; methane production; particle size; rumen fermentation
Abstract:
... This study evaluated the effects of biochar differing in source, inclusion level, and particle size on dry matter disappearance (DMD), total gas and methane (CH₄) production, and ruminal fermentation in a barley silage-based diet. The seven biochar products used were coconut (CP001 and CP014) or pine (CP002, CP015, CP016, CP023, CP024)-based. Experiment 1 (Exp. 1) evaluated these biochars at 4.5%, ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0007

19. Effects of red-osier dogwood extracts on growth performance, intestinal digestive and absorptive functions, and meat quality of broiler chickens

Author:
Marion K. Mogire; Janghan Choi; Peng Lu; Chongwu Yang; Shangxi Liu; Deborah Adewole; Argenis Rodas-Gonzalez; Chengbo Yang
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.4 pp. 687-703
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
amino acids; crude fat; diet; digestibility; growth performance; ileum; jejunum; mash; meat quality; peptides
Abstract:
... A total of 320 one-day-old Cobb 500 chicks with an initial weight of 48.3 ± 3.3 g·pen⁻¹ were assigned to four dietary treatments with eight replicates provided in three phases for 46 d. The treatments were fed as mash diets and included (1) negative control (NC) corn-soybean basal diet, (2) positive control (PC) basal diet with 30 ppm avilamycin, (3) basal diet supplemented with 1000 ppm red-osier ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0191

20. Evaluating the effects of fibrolytic enzymes on rumen fermentation, omasal nutrient flow, and production performance in dairy cows during early lactation

Author:
Basim Refat; David A. Christensen; Aya Ismael; Xin Feng; María E. Rodríguez-Espinosa; Victor H. Guevara-Oquendo; Jenchieh Yang; Ousama AlZahal; Peiqiang Yu
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 39-49
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Holstein; Trichoderma reesei; body weight; cross-over studies; diet; digestibility; early lactation; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase; fermentation; milk; pH; pretreatment; rumen fermentation; xylanases
Abstract:
... This study was performed to evaluate the effects of pre-treating a barley-silage-based diet with an exogenous fibrolytic enzyme derived from Trichoderma reesei (FETR, a mixture of xylanase and cellulase) on lactation performance, omasal nutrient flow and digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics, and rumen pH profile in Holstein dairy cows during early lactation. The dairy trial was conduc ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0062

21. Evaluation of antimicrobial compounds to inhibit growth of select Gram-positive pathogenic or antimicrobial resistant bacteria in air-exposed silage

Author:
Marina Ontiveros-Magadan; Robin C. Anderson; Oscar Ruiz-Barrera; Claudio Arzola-Alvarez; Jaime Salinas-Chavira; Michael E. Hume; Eric J. Scholljegerdes; Roger B. Harvey; David J. Nisbet; Yamicela Castillo-Castillo
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 75-84
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Enterococcus faecalis; Listeria monocytogenes; antibiotic resistance; corn silage; methane production; monolaurin
Abstract:
... Spoiled silages can harbor pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant microbes. The potential of some antimicrobial additives to inhibit certain pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in air-exposed silage was measured using pure and mixed bacterial cultures. With pure cultures, laurate and monolaurin (5 mg·mL⁻¹) caused decreases (P < 0.05) of 4 to >7 log₁₀ colony-forming units (CFU)·mL⁻¹ in ...
Handle:
10113/7690084
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0061

22. Evaluation of biochar products at two inclusion levels on ruminal in vitro methane production and fermentation parameters in a Timothy hay-based diet

Author:
G. F. Mengistu; T. A. McAllister; P. J. Tamayao; K. H. Ominski; G. O. Ribeiro; E. K. Okine; E. J. McGeough
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 396-400
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Phleum pratense; ammonium nitrogen; animal science; biochar; diet; fermentation; grass hay; methane; methane production; rumen fermentation; volatile fatty acids
Abstract:
... This study evaluated the effects of seven biochar products at two levels of inclusion [2.25% or 4.50% diet dry matter (DM)] on DM disappearance (DMD), cumulative gas and methane (CH₄) production, ammonia-nitrogen, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production from Timothy grass hay over 48 h of incubation. Biochar did not affect gas and CH₄ production (P ≥ 0.17) nor the DMD or ruminal fermentation (P ≥ ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0069

23. Growth performance and heamatobiochemical parameters of broilers fed diets containing Artemisia afra essential oil

Author:
William Zvarivadza; Upenyu Marume
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 382-391
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Artemisia afra; alkaline phosphatase; average daily gain; diet; eosinophils; essential oils; feed conversion; feed intake; flocks; growth performance; monocytes; neutrophils
Abstract:
... The study was conducted to determine the effects of Artemisia afra Jacq. ex Willd. essential oil inclusion in diets on growth performance and blood parameters in broiler chickens. Four hundred day-old Cobb 500 chicks were randomly allotted to four treatments: NC – negative control (commercial broiler diet without antibiotics), PC – positive control (commercial broiler diet), AA1 – commercial diet  ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0113

24. Impact of yeast hydrolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microflora, noxious gas emission, blood profile, and meat quality of finishing pigs

Author:
Vetriselvi Sampath; Kyudong Han; Shanmugam Sureshkumar; In Ho Kim
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 98-107
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Lactobacillus; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; average daily gain; barrows; blood; body weight; diet; digestibility; drip loss; energy; growth performance; hydrolysates; insulin-like growth factor I; lean meat; meat quality; nitrogen; yeasts
Abstract:
... A total of 90 finishing pigs (52 ± 1.46 kg) were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments as: TRT1 [CON (basal diet)], TRT2 [CON + 0.05% yeast hydrolysate (YH)], and TRT3 (CON + 0.1% YH) for an 8 wk trial. Each treatment had six replications and five (three gilts and two barrow) pigs per pen. In weeks 4 and 8, YH supplement linearly increased (P < 0.05) body weight. Moreover, average d ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0056

25. Postembryonic developmental changes in ovarian histology and associated 17β-oestradiol and progesterone profiles in guinea hens (Numida meleagris)

Author:
Ibn Iddriss Abdul-Rahman; Ian Jeffcoate
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.4 pp. 771-780
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
estradiol; guineafowl; hens; histology; morphometry; oocytes; progesterone; sexual development
Abstract:
... There is a paucity of information on the reproductive biology of guinea hens. A study was conducted to document postembryonic developmental changes in the ovarian histology and associated progesterone and 17β-oestradiol profiles until 32 wk of age (WOA). Highly significant increases (P < 0.001) were noticed in oocyte and follicular diameters beyond 16 WOA. Other ovarian follicular morphometric tra ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0195

26. Pre- and post-weaning performance of piglets offered different types of creep feed

Author:
Jade M. Sands; Lucas A. Rodrigues; Michael O. Wellington; Josiane C. Panisson; Daniel A. Columbus
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 189-193
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
animal science; farrowing; growth performance
Abstract:
... We determined the impact of creep feed provision and type on pre- and post-weaning growth performance of piglets. At 2 wk post farrow, litters (n = 50) were given no creep feed or provided a simple creep feed, a complex creep feed, or both until weaning at ∼28 d. Creep feed, regardless of type, resulted in increased growth (P < 0.05) of piglets in the final week pre-weaning and immediate week post ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0038

27. Production performance and metabolic characteristics of cows fed whole plant faba bean silage in comparison with barley and corn silage

Author:
Victor H. Guevara-Oquendo; David A. Christensen; Basim Refat; Maria E. Rodriguez-Espinosa; Xin Feng; Peiqiang Yu
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 145-154
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
ammonia; barley; cannulas; corn silage; diet; digestibility; digestible carbohydrates; energy; faba beans; feed intake; fermentation; milk; milk fat yield; pH
Abstract:
... This study aims to determine the effect of partial (50% and 75%) and complete (100%) replacement of barley and corn silage with whole plant faba bean silage on milk production, feed intake and efficiency, digestibility, and rumen fermentation characteristics of high producing cows. A repeated 4 × 4 Latin square (early lactating cows: four cannulated and four non-cannulated) design was used. The si ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0048

28. Radiated temperature of weaned piglets and the response to in-feed antibiotics with correction for ambient conditions

Author:
Nigel J. Cook; Brady Chabot; Tong Liu; Denise Froehlich; Manuel Juàrez
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.2 pp. 318-328
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
average daily gain; biochemical pathways; body weight; chlortetracycline; growth performance; health status; temperature; tiamulin
Abstract:
... Growth performance, health status, and the radiated thermal temperatures of groups of piglets consuming non-medicated feed and in-feed antibiotics (chlortetracycline hydrochloride and tiamulin) were monitored continuously for up to 35 d, from weaning at 28 d of age until moving to commercial pens at approximately 63 d of age. There was a trend (P = 0.1) for body weight at the time of moving to be ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0010

29. Supplemental effect of coated refined fish oil on the performance of finishing pigs fed diets containing soybean meal as a partial alternative to barley or wheat feed ingredient

Author:
Sureshkumar Shanmugam; Woo Jeong Seok; Seung Ho Ha; Sung Giu Jin; In Ho Kim
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 332-341
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
average daily gain; barley; body weight; diet; digestibility; drip loss; fatty acid composition; feed composition; feed conversion; fish oils; growth performance; meat; meat quality; nitrogen; soybean meal; wheat
Abstract:
... A total of 195 finishing pigs with an average body weight (BW) of 78.65 ± 0.09 kg were assigned to one of three dietary treatments in a 28-d trial. The designated nutritional diets were as follows: CON; TRT1, CON + 0.2% coated refined fish oil; and TRT2, CON + 10% barley + 0.2% coated refined fish oil. The inclusion of coated refined fish oil with the barley-based diet significantly increased BW, ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0057

30. Testing the ability of contact mats to identify problematic stall configurations

Author:
A. Zambelis; E. Vasseur
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 317-324
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
animal science; cows; risk
Abstract:
... Comparing the frequency of cow contact with stall rails across multiple stall designs may help to determine which stall configurations best promote cow ease of movement and reduce injury risk. The objective of this study was to compare the frequency of cow contact with the dividers across different stall treatments using the contact mat (CM) system to identify problematic stall designs. A total of ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0109

31. The effect of epidermal growth factor on performance and oxidative stress in piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88

Author:
M.M. Hossain; A. Regassa; S. Amarakoon; B. Jayaraman; N. Akhtar; J. Li; O. Karmin; C.M. Nyachoti
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.2 pp. 287-297
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
acclimation; antibiotics; blood serum; body temperature; body weight; diet; enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; epidermal growth factor; feed conversion; ileum; malondialdehyde; oxidative stress
Abstract:
... This study evaluated the efficacy of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (ETEC). A total of 28 piglets were assigned to the following dietary treatments for 14 d: negative control (NC) (basal diet containing supernatant without EGF), PC (NC + 2.5 g antibiotic·kg⁻¹ feed), EGF120 [basal diet + supernatant with 120 μg EGF·kg⁻¹ body weight (BW) ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0192

32. The importance of B vitamins in enhanced precision nutrition of dairy cows: the case of folates and vitamin B₁₂

Author:
Christiane L. Girard; Mélissa Duplessis
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 201-210
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
carbohydrates; coenzymes; dairy cows; diet; energy; energy costs; lipid metabolism; microorganisms; prediction
Abstract:
... Dairy cow diets are generally balanced for energy and major nutrients with B vitamins generally assumed not to be limiting, in spite of their role as coenzymes, essential to many metabolic reactions in protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. Assuming adequacy of B-vitamin supply may explain some of the discrepancies between the outcomes of metabolic prediction models and measured cow performa ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0065

33. The role of livestock in sustainable food production systems in Canada

Author:
Kim Ominski; Kebebe Gunte; Karin Wittenberg; Getahun Legesse; Genet Mengistu; Tim McAllister
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.4 pp. 591-601
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
agroecosystems; animal welfare; biodiversity; carbon sequestration; climate change; ecological footprint; food choices; food industry; globalization; greenhouse gases; human population; humans; land use; livestock; livestock production; nutritional adequacy; nutritive value; sustainable agriculture; taste; water quality; water use efficiency; Canada
Abstract:
... Global drivers such as the growing human population, evolving consumer preferences, globalization, and climate change have put pressure on the agri-food sector to produce more livestock products with less land, feed, and water. Taste, nutritional value, cost, convenience, source, animal welfare, and environmental sustainability of food are criteria upon which purchasing decisions are made. In resp ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0005

34. Using publicly available weather station data to investigate the effects of heat stress on milk production traits in Canadian Holstein cattle

Author:
I.L. Campos; T.C.S Chud; H.R. Oliveira; C.F. Baes; A. Cánovas; F.S. Schenkel
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2022 v.102 no.2 pp. 368-381
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Holstein; dairy industry; heat; heat stress; heat tolerance; milk; milk production; weather; Ontario; Quebec
Abstract:
... Heat stress imposes a challenge to the dairy industry, even in northern latitudes. In this study, publicly available weather station data were combined with test-day records for milk, fat, and protein yields to identify the temperature–humidity index (THI) thresholds at which heat load starts affecting milk production traits in Canadian Holstein cows. Production loss per THI unit above the thresho ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0088

35. Achyranthes Japonica Nakai root extract supplementation improves apparent nutrient digestibility, caecum microbiota, and excreta gas emission in broiler chicks

Author:
De Xin Dang; Kwan Sik Yun; In Ho Kim
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.2 pp. 266-273
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Achyranthes japonica; Escherichia coli; ammonia; body weight; cecum; diet; digestibility; dose response; excreta; growth performance; microorganisms; nitrogen; root extracts
Abstract:
... This study investigated the effects of supplementing Achyranthes Japonica Nakai (AJN) root extract to the diet of broiler chicks on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, caecum microbiota, excreta gas emission, and relative weight of organs. A total of 270 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks (42.11 ± 0.18 g) were randomly allotted into three dietary treatments according to the initial body w ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0164

36. Apparent and standardized digestibility in broilers fed flaxseed meal with multi-carbohydrase and phytase at 35 days of age

Author:
Robert Guaracy Aparecido Cardoso Araujo; Connie Gallardo Vela; José Roberto Sartori; Messias Alves da Trindade Neto
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 124-132
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
calcium; digestibility; energy; ileum; linseed meal; nitrogen; phosphorus; phytases; synergism
Abstract:
... The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD; trial 1) and the apparent (AID) and standardized (SID) ileal digestibility of the amino acids (AA) (trial 2) in flaxseed meal (FM) were evaluated with the addition of exogenous multi-carbohydrase (MC) and phytase (Phy). A total of 80 28-d-old broilers were allotted in a completely randomized design to receive treatments up to 35 d of age. A 2 × 2 facto ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0051

37. Changes in carcass traits, meat quality, muscle fiber characteristics, and liver function of finishing pigs fed high level of fish oil

Author:
Qiuping Guo; Lingyu Zhang; Yehui Duan; Wenlong Wang; Ruilin Huang; Fengna Li
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.2 pp. 342-352
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
alanine transaminase; antioxidant activity; aspartic acid; bilirubin; biogenesis; blood serum; carcass weight; diet; fish oils; liver; liver function; loins (meat cut); longissimus muscle; low density lipoprotein; malondialdehyde; meat quality; mitochondria; muscle fibers; myosin heavy chains; oxidation; phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase; quinones; raw fish
Abstract:
... The study was aimed to investigate the changes in carcass traits, meat quality, muscle fiber characteristics, and liver function in pigs fed with high levels of fresh fish oil and oxidized fish oil. About 30 piglets were randomly assigned to receive basal diet plus 2% fish oil (LFO), basal diet plus 8% fish oil (HFO), or basal diet plus 8% oxidized fish oil (OFO) for 120 d. Pigs of the HFO and OFO ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0028

38. Dietary inclusion of mineral detoxified nano-sulfur dispersion on growth performance, fecal score, fecal microbiota, gas emission, blood profile, nutrient digestibility, and meat quality in finishing pigs

Author:
Mohankumar Thamaraikannan; Insun Park; In Ho Kim
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.4 pp. 715-722
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
average daily gain; blood serum; body weight; calcium; cholesterol; diet; digestibility; drip loss; feed intake; glucose; growth performance; intestinal microorganisms; meat quality; swine; triacylglycerols; water holding capacity
Abstract:
... This study is to evaluate the effects of mineral detoxified nano-sulfur dispersion (DSD) on growth performance, fecal score, fecal microbiota, gas emissions, blood profile, nutrient digestibility, and meat quality in finishing pigs. A total of 160 pigs with an initial body weight (BW) of 54.90 ± 5.10 kg were randomly assigned to two treatments including basal diet and basal diet with 10 ppm DSD. D ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0186

39. Digestibility of amino acids in pigs fed distillers dried grains with solubles derived from corn, sorghum, and triticale

Author:
Chan Sol Park; Darryl Ragland; Olayiwola Adeola
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2020 v.101 no.2 pp. 224-233
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
arginine; body weight; corn; diet; digesta; digestibility; histidine; ileum; isoleucine; leucine; lysine; methionine; phenylalanine; threonine; triticale; valine
Abstract:
... An experiment was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in distillers dried grains with solubles derived from corn (C-DDGS), sorghum (S-DDGS), and triticale (T-DDGS) fed to growing pigs. A total of 16 barrows [initial body weight (BW) = 23.1 ± 2.03 kg] surgically fitted with T-cannulas at the distal ileum were divided into four groups based on BW and ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0076

40. Effect of dietary folic acid and energy density on immune response, gut morphology, and oxidative status in blood and breast muscle of broiler chickens

Author:
Fisayo T. Akinyemi; Deborah I. Adewole
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.2 pp. 243-254
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
albumins; antioxidants; bile acids; breast muscle; calcium; dietary supplements; energy; energy density; folic acid; heart; immune response; jejunum; oxidative stress; villi
Abstract:
... Folic acid (FA) plays essential roles in many metabolic functions and has been reported to have antioxidant effects. Therefore, dietary supplementation with high levels of FA may improve gut health and prevent potential oxidative stress caused by feeding a high energy density diet to broiler chickens. Broiler chickens were assigned into eight treatments, consisting of either a normal energy (NE) o ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0075

41. Effect of dietary inclusion of antioxidants and organic trace minerals on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of finishing pigs with pre-slaughter transportation

Author:
Chong Wang; Junhong Wang; Sirui Qi; Cunzhu Xu; Yanming Wang; Haifeng Wang
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2020 v.100 no.3 pp. 577-585
ISSN:
1918-1825
Subject:
antioxidant activity; antioxidants; average daily gain; body weight; carcass characteristics; diet; feed conversion; feed intake; finishing; growth performance; livestock transport; malondialdehyde; meat quality; oxidative stress; pH; pork; slaughter; swine; swine feeding; trace elements; transportation
Abstract:
... A total of 320 pigs (body weight = 98 ± 4 kg) were assigned to four treatments, with eight replicates (pens) per treatment. Pigs were fed the following diets: a control diet (CON), the CON diet plus antioxidant blends (AOX), organic trace minerals (OTM), or both (AOX + OTM). After the feeding trial, two pigs from each pen were selected for slaughtering right away or after transportation. The inclu ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2019-0177

42. Effect of dietary lipid inclusion from by-product-based pellets on dry matter intake, ruminal fermentation, and nutrient digestion in finishing beef heifers

Author:
F. Joy; J.A. Johnson; P. Górka; J.J. McKinnon; S. Hendrick; G.B. Penner
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.3 pp. 481-492
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
beef; beef cattle; cannulas; data collection; dietary fat; digesta; digestibility; dry matter intake; lipid content; nutrient intake; pH; rumen fermentation; short chain fatty acids
Abstract:
... This study was designed to evaluate dry matter intake (DMI), ruminal fermentation, ruminal digesta outflow, omasal flow of N constituents, and ruminal and total-tract digestibility in response to increasing dietary lipid content derived from high-lipid by-product-based pellets for finishing beef cattle. Five ruminally cannulated heifers were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Dietary treatments ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0133

43. Effect of dietary organic acids supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut morphology in weaned pigs

Author:
Jinyoung Lee; Jong Woong Kim; Heidi Hall; Charles Martin Nyachoti
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.2 pp. 255-265
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
antibiotics; body weight; dietary supplements; digestibility; feed conversion; growth performance; jejunum; villi
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with different organic acid (OA) mixtures on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut morphology in weaned pigs. A total of 56 weaned pigs (7.93 ± 1.04 kg body weight) were assigned to four dietary treatments with seven replicates per treatment for a 35-day study conducted over two phases: phase 1 (day 1 to 1 ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0080

44. Effect of mixed live yeast and lactic acid bacteria on in vitro fermentation with varying media pH using a high-grain or high-forage diet

Author:
P.X. Jiao; F.C. Ma; K.A. Beauchemin; O. AlZahal; X.L. Xie; W.Z. Yang
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.2 pp. 370-380
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
Enterococcus faecium; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; acetates; animal science; diet; fermentation; lactic acid; monensin; pH; volatile fatty acids; yeasts
Abstract:
... Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of media pH and mixtures (SCEF) of live yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC)] and lactic acid bacteria [Enterococcus faecium (EF)] on gas production (GP), dry matter disappearance (DMD), and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in batch culture using either high-forage (HF) or high-grain (HG) diets. Diets were evaluated in separate experimen ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0138

45. Effect of non-encapsulated and encapsulated active dried yeast on blood cell count, blood metabolites, and immune response of finishing beef heifers

Author:
Peixin Jiao; Karen A. Beauchemin; Fengchun Ma; Ousama AlZahal; Xiaolai Xie; Wenzhu Yang
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.2 pp. 390-394
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
beef; erythrocytes; immune response; interleukin-6; metabolites; urea nitrogen; yeasts
Abstract:
... A study was conducted to evaluate whether encapsulated active dried yeast (EDY), compared with non-protected active dried yeast (ADY) or antibiotics (ANT), improved immune response and blood metabolites of finishing beef heifers. Blood urea nitrogen was lower (P < 0.05) with supplemented ADY and mixture of ADY and EDY (MDY) compared with control. Supplementation of MDY also resulted in lower (P <  ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0160

46. Effect of oregano oil and cranberry pulp supplementation in finishing pigs on the physicochemical quality of fresh loin during storage

Author:
M.P. Fortier; F. Guay; L. Saucier
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 50-63
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
cranberries; experimental design; fatty acid composition; lipid peroxidation; malondialdehyde; meat; meat quality; oregano; oregano oil; pulp; slaughter
Abstract:
... Oregano oil and cranberry pulp supplements were added to the diets of finishing pigs to determine their effects on the meat quality of fresh loins during storage. Two and three levels of oregano oil (250 and 500 mg·kg⁻¹) and cranberry pulp (5, 10, and 20 g·kg⁻¹) were tested, according to a factorial experimental design. The loin meat was vacuum packed and analyzed at 0 (after the 24 h chilling per ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0198

47. Effect of pelleting on nutrients and energy digestibility in growing pigs fed corn-soybean meal-based diet or diet containing corn distillers dried grains with solubles (cDDGS), wheat middlings, and bakery meal

Author:
Élisabeth Chassé; Frédéric Guay; Marie-Pierre Létourneau-Montminy
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.102 no.1 pp. 108-116
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
cannulas; corn; cross-over studies; crude protein; diet; digestibility; digestible energy; digestion; energy; ileum; mash; polysaccharides; soybean meal; wheat
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to determine the effect of pelleting and diet type on the apparent ileal (AID) and total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and energy in growing pigs. Six pigs were cannulated at the ileum and were assigned to treatments following a crossover design. One diet was a control diet based on corn and soybean meal (CT). Part of it was replaced by corn distillers dried grai ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2021-0060

48. Effect of replacing barley silage with calcium oxide-treated barley straw on rumen fermentation, rumen microbiota, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of finishing beef cattle

Author:
Katelyn R. Stehr; Stephanie A. Terry; Gabriel O. Ribeiro; Robert J. Gruninger; Gregory B. Penner; John McKinnon; Darryl Gibb; Tim A. McAllister
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.3 pp. 493-506
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
average daily gain; barley; barley straw; beef cattle; calcium; calcium oxide; carcass quality; diet; digestibility; fermentation; growth performance; pH; rumen bacteria; silage; wheat
Abstract:
... Effect of calcium oxide (CaO) treatment of barley straw and salt on rumen fermentation, microbiota, digestibility, growth, and carcass quality of cattle was assessed. A replicated 4 × 4 Latin square metabolism experiment was conducted using eight heifers fed a wheat finishing diet with barley silage (B-SIL), barley straw (B-S), or 5.0% CaO-treated barley straw (CaOS) with or without NaCl (CaOS-NS) ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0071

49. Effect of trenbolone acetate, melengestrol acetate, and ractopamine hydrochloride on the growth performance of beef cattle

Author:
Gabriel O. Ribeiro; Stephanie Terry; Martin Hünerberg; Kim Ominski; Francis J. Larney; Tim A. McAllister
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2021 v.101 no.4 pp. 723-734
ISSN:
0008-3984
Subject:
average daily gain; barley; beef cattle; carcass weight; corn silage; dry matter intake; estradiol; feedlots; growth performance; melengestrol; ractopamine; trenbolone
Abstract:
... The effect of trenbolone acetate + estradiol (TBA) implants, melengestrol acetate (MGA), and ractopamine hydrochloride + TBA (RAC + TBA) on growth performance and carcass characteristics in beef cattle (n = 680; 279 ± 10.1 kg) fed barley grain/corn silage was examined in a 4 yr study (four pens per treatment per year; 262 ± 8 d feeding period). In the first 2 yr, treatments were (1) control heifer ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2020-0159

50. Effect of various monochromatic light-emitting diode colours on the behaviour and welfare of broiler chickens

Author:
Shabiha Sultana; Md. Rakibul Hassan; Byung Soo Kim; Kyeong Seon Ryu
Source:
Canadian journal of animal science 2020 v.100 no.4 pp. 615-623
ISSN:
1918-1825
Subject:
color; dyschondroplasia; fluorescence; gait; light emitting diodes; lighting; tibia; tonic immobility
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different monochromatic light-emitting diode colours on the behaviour and welfare of broiler chicks. A total of 750 one-day-old chicks were used and lighting was set up as follows: pure blue (PB, 440–450 nm), bright blue (460–470 nm), sky blue (480–490 nm), greenish blue (500–510 nm), and green (530–540), while fluorescent white (400–700 nm) was u ...
DOI:
10.1139/cjas-2018-0242