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- Author:
- Scardone, D.; Forlani, F.; Cerletti, P.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 602-606
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- wheat gluten
- Abstract:
- ... The accessibility of primary amino groups to an external probe in durum wheat gluten proteins in the flour itself, and after the extraction and separation of gluten proteins, was studied by labeling the free amino groups with the hemisuccinate of 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) propanol (FF18) and evidencing the label immunochemically. Within the flour, the amino groups were less ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.602
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.602
- Author:
- Elofsson, U.; Eliasson, A.C.; Wahlgren, M.; Loosveld, A.M.A.; Courtin, C.M.; Delcour, J.A.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 679-684
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- adsorption; arabinogalactans; arabinoxylan; gliadin; ionic strength; pH; prolamins; rye; silica; wheat
- Abstract:
- ... Adsorption of cereal storage protein and nonstarch polysaccharides onto methylated silica surfaces, as measured by ellipsometry, was used to study possible interactions between those components. All fractions, rye secalin, wheat gliadin, rye arabinoxylan, and wheat arabinogalactan peptide, were surface-active to some degree. Sequential adsorption of rye arabinoxylan and wheat arabinogalactan pepti ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.679
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.679
- Author:
- Lisle, A.J.; Martin, M.; Fitzgerald, M.A.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 627-632
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- Oryza sativa
- Abstract:
- ... Chalk is an important quality characteristic in rice and occurs most commonly when high temperatures are experienced during grain development. The aims of this report are to determine whether chalk affects cooking quality and to attempt to explain the effects on the basis of starch and protein in chalky and translucent grains. Three cultivars of rice were grown in the glasshouse at either 38/21 de ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.627
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.627
- Author:
- Mikola, M.; Jones, B.L.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 572-577
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- Avena sativa
- Abstract:
- ... During the germination of oats, the major seed storage proteins (globulins) are hydrolyzed by endoproteinases. We have used two methods to characterize these endoproteinases. A qualitative PAGE method that used oat globulins as gel-incorporated substrates was used to determine which enzymes hydrolyzed the globulins. The proteolytic hydrolysis products were studied by hydrolyzing the globulins in v ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.572
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.572
- Author:
- DuPont, F.M.; Vensel, W.H.; Chan, R.; Kasarda, D.D.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 607-614
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- wheat; Triticum aestivum; gliadin; food composition; protein composition
- Abstract:
- ... omega-Gliadins were purified from wheat (Triticum aestivum L. 'Butte') flour and characterized. Although reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) separated the 1B-encoded omega-gliadins into two fractions, 1B1 and 1B2, these fractions had nearly identical amino acid compositions, three similar protein bands in SDS-PAGE, 10 similar spots in two-dimensional PAGE, and two similar N-terminal amino acid sequences ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.607
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.607
- Author:
- Adachi, T.; Watanabe, K.; Mitsunaga, T.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 578-581
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- Helianthus annuus; Triticum aestivum; arginine; buckwheat; cysteine; dissociation; glutamic acid; glutamine; methionine; molecular weight; pH; phosphates; rice; seeds; thiamin; tryptophan; tyrosine; wheat germ
- Abstract:
- ... A thiamin-binding protein was isolated from wheat germ (Triticum aestivum). Its molecular mass was estimated as 120,000 Da consisting of two 56,000-subunits. The protein contained a large amount of glutamine or glutamic acid (15.4 mol%), arginine (12.5 mol%), and glycine (12.0 mol%). The levels of tyrosine, methionine, tryptophan, and cysteine in the protein were low. Optimum pH for its thiamin-bi ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.578
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.578
- Author:
- Wang, D.; Eckhoff, S.R.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 525-528
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- corn
- Abstract:
- ... Broken corn created by grounding sound corn kernels was added back at levels of 0, 4, 8, 12, or 16%, by weight, to whole kernels of three corresponding hybrids: FR27 X FRMo17 (a soft endosperm corn), FR618 X FR600 (a medium-hard endosperm corn), and FR618 X LH123 (a hard endosperm corn). The samples had been dried from 28% moisture content to 15% moisture content either by using ambient air at app ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.525
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.525
- Author:
- Dillahunty, A.L.; Siebenmorgen, T.J.; Buescher, R.W.; Smith, D.E.; Mauromoustakos, A.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 541-543
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- Oryza sativa; air; carbon dioxide; cultivars; jars; models; respiratory rate; rough rice; temperature; water content
- Abstract:
- ... One cause of yellowing or stackburn of rice may be elevated respiration rates caused by storage at either high moisture content (MC) or temperature. The effect of MC and temperature on the respiration rate of Oryza sativa L. 'Bengal' and 'Cypress' rice harvested in the fall of 1998 was investigated. For respiration rate measurement of rough rice at different temperatures, rice samples at high, med ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.541
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.541
- Author:
- Lauro, M.; Poutanen, K.; Forssell, P.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 595-601
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- amylopectin; amylose; barley starch; gelatinization; granules; heat; hydrolysis; lipids; microstructure; starch granules
- Abstract:
- ... The effect of partial gelatinization with and without lipid addition on the granular structure and on alpha-amylolysis of large barley starch granules was studied. The extent of hydrolysis was monitored by measuring the amount of soluble carbohydrates and the amount of total and free amylose and lipids in the insoluble residue. Similarly to the alpha-amylolysis of native large barley starch granul ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.595
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.595
- Author:
- Candole, B.L.; Siebenmorgen, T.J.; Lee, F.N.; Cartwright, R.D.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 535-540
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- Magnaporthe grisea; Thanatephorus cucumeris; adverse effects; blast disease; blight; bulk density; cultivars; grain yield; inflorescences; milling quality; rough rice; seeds; water content
- Abstract:
- ... Observations in 1997 indicated a significant reduction in kernel bulk density and head rice yield of rice cultivar LaGrue due to blast (Pyricularia grisea). A more detailed study on rice cultivar M202 in 1998 confirmed such observations but it also showed negative effects of blast on other physical properties of rice. Rough rice from blast-infected panicles was drier by 7-10 percentage points and ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.535
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.535
- Author:
- Singh, V.; Moreau, R.A.; Haken, A.E.; Hicks, K.B.; Eckhoff, S.R.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 665-668
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- corn
- Abstract:
- ... The addition of six acids (organic and inorganic) and four sulfite compounds (including gaseous SO2) during the conventional corn wet-milling steeping process of two yellow dent corn hybrids were evaluated for the effect on corn fiber yield, corn fiber oil yield, and the composition of three phytosterol compounds (ferulate phytosterol esters (FPE), free phytosterols (St), and phytosterol fatty acy ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.665
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.665
- Author:
- Lloyd, B.J.; Siebenmorgen, T.J.; Beers, K.W.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 551-555
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- antioxidants; fruits; milling; oryzanol; rice; rice bran; seeds; tocopherols; tocotrienols
- Abstract:
- ... Rice bran contains high amounts of beneficial antioxidants including tocopherols, tocotrienols, and oryzanols. Current rice milling technology produces rice bran from different layers of the kernel caryopsis. Under current practices, these layers are combined and then steam-extruded to form a stabilized rice bran pellet that is storage-safe prior to oil extraction. Each of these rice bran intermed ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.551
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.551
- Author:
- Ekholm, P.; Virkki, L.; Ylinen, M.; Johansson, L.; Varo, P.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 562-566
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- ascorbic acid; barns; calcium; chelating agents; citric acid; dialysis; dietary fiber; enzymes; glucose; iron; magnesium; malic acid; manganese; minerals; oat bran; oats; potassium; proteins; solubility; solubilization; starch; xylitol; zinc
- Abstract:
- ... The solubility of mineral elements from oat bran and flake samples was studied by a method using equilibrium dialysis after enzymatic digestion of starch and proteins. The effects of six potential chelating agents common in food were tested on the solubility of mineral elements. The minerals studied were calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc and potassium, and the chelating agents were citric, ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.562
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.562
- Author:
- Morel, M.H.; Dehlon, P.; Autran, J.C.; Leygue, J.P.; Bar-L'Helgouac'h, C.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 685-691
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- ambient temperature; dough; energy; heat treatment; high performance liquid chromatography; protein content; protein solubility; proteinases; proteins; ultrasonics; wheat flour
- Abstract:
- ... The size-exclusion (SE) HPLC profile of total protein extract obtained by sonication of flour samples at ambient temperature showed marked instability on reinjection. Instability was related to the presence of flour proteases that were inactivated by thermal treatment of flour samples at 60 degrees C. Extraction of flour protein by sonication was a function of ultrasonic energy (sonication time X ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.685
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.685
- Author:
- Lai, Y.C.; Sung, P.H.; Chien, J.T.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 544-550
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- chemical structure; differential scanning calorimetry; esterification; gels; glass transition; glass transition temperature; heat; hydrophilicity; inosine monophosphate; pectins; rice starch; viscosity
- Abstract:
- ... Differences in molecular structure and hydrophilicity may affect the compatibility of food components in a highly concentrated solution. Mixtures of TNuS19 rice starch (RS) and pectins with three different degrees of esterification (22, 64, and 92%) were used as a model system to evaluate the components' compatibility in a low-moisture system. When analyzed individually by differential scanning ca ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.544
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.544
- Author:
- Singh, V.; Moreau, R.A.; Haken, A.E.; Eckhoff, S.R.; Hicks, K.B.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 692-695
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- Zea mays
- Abstract:
- ... The variability in commercial corn hybrids for corn fiber yields, amounts of extractable oil, and levels of individual and total phytosterol components in corn fiber oil was determined. Also, the effect of growth location on fiber yields, fiber oil content, and the levels of individual and total phytosterol compounds was determined. Significant variation was observed in the commercial hybrids for ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.692
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.692
- Author:
- Landry, J.; Delhaye, S.; Damerval, C.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 620-626
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- corn; endosperm; genotype; glutelins; isopropyl alcohol; lysine; nitrogen; nonprotein nitrogen; reducing agents; true protein; zein
- Abstract:
- ... The conventional Landry-Moureaux method for selective extraction of maize proteins was modified by reducing the contact time of meal with extractants and by removing 55% 2-propanol as extractant. The new procedure, coupled with a method for quantitating protein at microgram level, was used for assessing the nitrogen distribution of four soluble protein fractions present in 100-mg samples of endosp ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.620
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.620
- Author:
- Larsson, H.; Eliasson, A.C.; Johansson, E.; Svensson, G.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 633-639
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- deformation; dough; gluten; mixing; molecular weight; starch granules; storage modulus; stress relaxation; viscosity; wheat flour
- Abstract:
- ... The effect of mixing time (6 and 20 min) and starch content were studied on doughs prepared with three wheat flours differing in high molecular weight subunit composition. Rheological measurements were performed in dynamic oscillation: frequency and strain sweeps, stress relaxation, and in large deformation viscosity measurements. The flours were diluted with starch to cover flour protein contents ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.633
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.633
- Author:
- Chung, K.M.; Moon, T.W.; Chun, J.K.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 567-571
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- alpha-amylase; amylose; annealing; digestibility; hardness; mung beans; pasting properties; rapid methods; solubility; starch gels; swelling (materials); temperature; viscosity
- Abstract:
- ... Mung bean starch gels (8% solids) were prepared after annealing at 45-60 degrees C for 1-24 hr, and the relationship between the physical properties of gels and the swelling power (SP) and solubility of starch was investigated. The SP and solubility decreased with increasing annealing temperature and time, mostly in the first 6 hr. The solubles were mainly composed of amylose. Gel hardness at a 5 ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.567
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.567
- Author:
- Veraverbeke, W.S.; Larroque, O.R.; Bekes, F.; Delcour, J.A.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 582-588
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- wheat flour
- Abstract:
- ... High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) were isolated from wheat flour and polymerized in vitro at pH 3.0 with different oxidizing agents (KBrO3, KIO3, H2O2). An oxidation protocol with single addition of oxidant (single-step oxidation) was compared with a set-up in which the oxidant was added in multiple steps (stepwise oxidation). Changes in size distribution were evaluated with size-ex ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.582
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.582
- Author:
- Veraverbeke, W.S.; Larroque, O.R.; Bekes, F.; Delcour, J.A.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 589-594
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- wheat flour
- Abstract:
- ... High and low molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS and LMW-GS) were isolated from wheat flour. LMW-GS and a 1:2 (w/w) mixture of HMW-GS and LMW-GS were polymerized in vitro at pH 3.0 by stepwise oxidation with different oxidants (KBrO3, KIO3, H2O2). In analogy with the oxidation of HMW-GS, KBrO3 produced smaller polymers for LMW-GS than KIO3 or H2O2. While similar average sizes were found wit ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.589
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.589
- Author:
- Kahlon, T.S.; Chow, F.I.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 673-678
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- Mesocricetus auratus; brown rice; cellulose; cholesterol; corn starch; dietary fiber; digestibility; excretion; hamsters; lipid content; liver; males; weanlings
- Abstract:
- ... This study was undertaken to evaluate the lipidemic response of rice bran and the possible enhancement of its healthful properties by using raw or processed white or brown rice in place of corn starch. All diets contained 10% total dietary fiber, 15% fat, and 0.5% cholesterol. Weanling male golden Syrian hamsters were fed cellulose control (CC), processed corn starch (PCS), cellulose with processe ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.673
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.673
- Author:
- Del Nobile, M.A.; Massera, M.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 615-619
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- pasta
- Abstract:
- ... The organoleptic changes of pasta during overcooking are strongly related to the rate at which water molecules penetrate the pasta matrix once the optimal cooking conditions are reached. A model to describe water sorption kinetics during the overcooking stage is presented. The model has been developed assuming that overcooking starts once the central core disappears and that during this stage sorp ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.615
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.615
- Author:
- Ohm, J.B.; Chung, O.K.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 556-559
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- absorbance; hexane; lipid content; lipids; models; transmittance; wheat flour; winter wheat
- Abstract:
- ... Free lipids (FL) in 72 hard winter wheat flours were extracted and dissolved in hexane. Absorbance (log 1/T) values were measured using a scanning spectrophotometer with a 2-mm cuvette, and used to develop calibration models for estimating flour FL content and glycolipid (GL) and digalactosyldiglyceride (DGDG) contents. Fifty-one calibration samples were selected based on the cutoff point of 0.3 o ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.556
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.556
- Author:
- Bertoft, E.; Boyer, C.; Manelius, R.; Avall, A.K.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 657-664
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- alpha-amylase; amylopectin; amylose; corn starch; dextrins; endosperm; genotype; granules; inbred lines; methanol; molecular weight; mutants; waxy corn
- Abstract:
- ... Maize starches of the endosperm mutants waxy (wx), dull:waxy (duwx), and amylose-extender:dull:waxy (aeduwx) from inbred line Ia453 lack amylose. However, in addition to high molecular weight (HMW) amylopectin, the duwx and aeduwx starches contained 40 and 80%, respectively, intermediate branched material of low molecular weight (LMW). As gelatinized, the amylopectin of the wx starch was easily hy ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.657
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.657
- Author:
- Barragan Delgado, M.L.; Serna Saldivar, S.O.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 652-656
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- Pennisetum glaucum; corn; corn flour; correlation; diet; digestible protein; essential amino acids; liquified foods; lysine; malt; mixing; pastes; rats; starch; viscosity; weaning foods; weanlings
- Abstract:
- ... Different concentrations of sorghum diastatic malt (SDM) were added to pregelatinized pastes from regular maize flour with the aim of hydrolyzing the starch to produce liquefied foods with 15% solids. Viscosities of the blends decreased as the concentration of SDM increased. Addition of 6.66% SDM based on total amount of solids reduced viscosity by approximately equal to 50% when compared with a f ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.652
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.652
- Author:
- Wahjudi, J.; Xu, L.; Wang, P.; Singh, V.; Buriak, P.; Rausch, K.D.; McAloo, A.J.; Tumbleson, M.E.; Eckhoff, S.R.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 640-644
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- ethanol production; corn
- Abstract:
- ... Preliminary calculations showed that recovery of fiber before fermentation in the dry grind ethanol facilities known as the Quick Fiber process increases fermenter capacity and reduces ethanol production cost by as much as 4 cents/gal. The objective of the current research was to evaluate the effect of mash temperature, dry solids, and residual germ on fiber yield and purity when using the quick f ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.640
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.640
- Author:
- Yang, P.; Eckhoff, S.R.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 529-534
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- corn
- Abstract:
- ... Reducing corn steep time by adding lactic acid instead of relying on in situ fermentation was studied. Corn at two initial moisture levels (15 and 20%) was steeped for 18 hr in a countercurrent steep system. The initial SO2 target concentration in steepwater was 2,000 or 3,000 ppm, while the initial lactic acid concentration in steepwater was 0, 0.28, or 0.55%. Adding lactic acid under all steepin ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.529
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.529
- Author:
- Zweifel, C.; Conde-Petit, B.; Escher, F.
- Source:
- Cereal chemistry 2000 v.77 no.5 pp. 645-651
- ISSN:
- 0009-0352
- Subject:
- crystal structure; crystallites; differential scanning calorimetry; drying; durum wheat; enthalpy; extrusion; gelatinization; melting; pasta; polymers; semolina; starch; thermal properties
- Abstract:
- ... Changes in starch at the molecular level during high-temperature (HT) drying of pasta were studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Pasta was manufactured from durum wheat semolina into the shape of spaghetti on a pilot-plant installation. The HT phase (100 degrees C) was applied at relatively high (27 g/100 g, wb), intermediate (20 g/100 g), and low (15 g/100 g) product moisture, res ...
- DOI:
- 10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.645
-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.5.645