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You searched for: Journal Climate dynamics Remove constraint Journal: Climate dynamics Publication Year 2011 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2011 Source 2011 v.36 no.7-8 Remove constraint Source: 2011 v.36 no.7-8
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1. An ENSO stability analysis. Part II: results from the twentieth and twenty-first century simulations of the CMIP3 models

Author:
Kim, Seon Tae; Jin, Fei-Fei
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1609-1627
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
El Nino; carbon dioxide; climate; climate change; greenhouse gases; models
Abstract:
... In this study, a Bjerknes stability (BJ) index, proposed by Jin et al. (2006), is adopted to assess the overall stability of El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in state-of-the-art coupled models. The twentieth and twenty-first century simulations of 12 coupled models among the coupled model intercomparison project phase 3 models used in the intergovernmental panel on climate change forth asse ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0872-5

2. An ENSO stability analysis. Part I: results from a hybrid coupled model

Author:
Kim, Seon Tae; Jin, Fei-Fei
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1593-1607
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
El Nino; simulation models; time series analysis; wind
Abstract:
... In this study, we use the Bjerknes stability (BJ) index as a tool to investigate overall El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) stability in a hybrid-coupled model (HCM) with various atmosphere and ocean background states. This HCM shows that ENSO growth rates as measured by the BJ index and linear growth rates estimated directly with a time series of the Niño 3.4 indices from the coupled model simul ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0796-0

3. Aridity changes in the Temperate-Mediterranean transition of the Andes since ad 1346 reconstructed from tree-rings

Author:
Christie, Duncan A.; Boninsegna, José A.; Cleaveland, Malcolm K.; Lara, Antonio; Le Quesne, Carlos; Morales, Mariano S.; Mudelsee, Manfred; Stahle, David W.; Villalba, Ricardo
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1505-1521
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
El Nino; Libocedrus chilensis; biodiversity; climate change; correlation; drought; ecosystems; growth rings; human population; latitude; risk; seeds; spring; stream flow; summer; water resources; Andes region; Antarctic region; South America
Abstract:
... The Andes Cordillera acts as regional “Water Towers” for several countries and encompasses a wide range of ecosystems and climates. Several hydroclimatic changes have been described for portions of the Andes during recent years, including glacier retreat, negative precipitation trends, an elevation rise in the 0° isotherm, and changes in regional streamflow regimes. The Temperate-Mediterranean tra ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-009-0723-4

4. Australian east coast rainfall decline related to large scale climate drivers

Author:
Speer, Milton Samuel; Leslie, Lance M.; Fierro, Alexandre O.
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1419-1429
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
El Nino; air; air flow; atmospheric circulation; climate; periodicity; rain; troposphere; wavelet; Australia
Abstract:
... Rainfall on the subtropical east coast of Australia has declined at up to 50 mm per decade since 1970. Wavelet analysis is used to investigate eight station and four station-averaged rainfall distributions along Australia's subtropical east coast with respect to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the inter-decadal Pacific oscillation (IPO) and the southern annular mode (SAM). The relationshi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-009-0726-1

5. Changes in Arctic clouds during intervals of rapid sea ice loss

Author:
Vavrus, Steve; Holland, Marika M.; Bailey, David A.
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1475-1489
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
autumn; climate change; climate models; cloud cover; ice; icebergs; summer; water content; winter; Arctic region
Abstract:
... We investigate the behavior of clouds during rapid sea ice loss events (RILEs) in the Arctic, as simulated by multiple ensemble projections of the 21st century in the Community Climate System Model (CCSM3). Trends in cloud properties and sea ice coverage during RILEs are compared with their secular trends between 2000 and 2049 during summer, autumn, and winter. The results suggest that clouds prom ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0816-0

6. Climatology of summer midtropospheric perturbations in the US northern plains. Part II: large-scale effects of the Rocky Mountains on genesis

Author:
Wang, Shih-Yu; Chen, Tsing-Chang; Takle, Eugene S.
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1221-1237
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
General Circulation Models; air; deformation; heat; storms; summer; temperature profiles; Great Plains region; Rocky Mountain region; United States
Abstract:
... Propagating convective storms across the US northern plains are often coupled with preexisting midtropospheric perturbations (MPs) initiated over the Rocky Mountains. A companion study (Part I) notes that such MPs occur most commonly at 12 UTC (early morning) and 00 UTC (late afternoon). Using a regional reanalysis and a general circulation model (GCM), this study investigates how such a bimodal d ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0765-7

7. Critical influence of the pattern of Tropical Ocean warming on remote climate trends

Author:
Shin, Sang-Ik; Sardeshmukh, Prashant D.
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1577-1591
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
air temperature; climate change; climate models; drought; oceans; tropics; Atlantic Ocean; Europe; Greenland; North America; Northern Africa
Abstract:
... Evidence is presented that the recent trend patterns of surface air temperature and precipitation over the land masses surrounding the North Atlantic Ocean (North America, Greenland, Europe, and North Africa) have been strongly influenced by the warming pattern of the tropical oceans. The current generation of atmosphere-ocean coupled climate models with prescribed radiative forcing changes genera ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-009-0732-3

8. Impact of including surface currents on simulation of Indian Ocean variability with the POAMA coupled model

Author:
Zhao, Mei; Wang, Guomin; Hendon, Harry H.; Alves, Oscar
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1291-1302
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
El Nino; cold; models; momentum; tropics; Indian Ocean; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... Impacts on the coupled variability of the Indo-Pacific by including the effects of surface currents on surface stress are explored in four extended integrations of an experimental version of the Bureau of Meteorology's coupled seasonal forecast model POAMA. The first pair of simulations differs only in their treatment of momentum coupling: one version includes the effects of surface currents on th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0823-1

9. Improvement of seasonal forecasts with inclusion of tropical instability waves on initial conditions

Author:
Ham, Yoo-Geun; Kang, In-Sik
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1277-1290
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
El Nino; tropics; weather forecasting
Abstract:
... Positive impacts of tropical instability waves (TIWs) in initial conditions on seasonal forecasts are investigated using a air-sea coupled GCM. Due to coarse observational networks and deficiencies in widely-used initialization methods (e.g. 3DVAR or OI methods), TIW variability in oceanic initial conditions is excessively suppressed. It ruins the interaction between TIWs and climate states, there ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0743-0

10. Influence of coupling on atmosphere, sea ice and ocean regional models in the Ross Sea sector, Antarctica

Author:
Jourdain, Nicolas C.; Mathiot, Pierre; Gallée, Hubert; Barnier, Bernard
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1523-1543
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
air; air temperature; coasts; cold; cooling; heat; ice; icebergs; models; salinity; surface temperature; water temperature; Antarctica
Abstract:
... Air-sea ice-ocean interactions in the Ross Sea sector form dense waters that feed the global thermohaline circulation. In this paper, we develop the new limited-area ocean-sea ice-atmosphere coupled model TANGO to simulate the Ross Sea sector. TANGO is built up by coupling the atmospheric limited-area model MAR to a regional configuration of the ocean-sea ice model NEMO. A method is then developed ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0889-9

11. Influence of SST biases on future climate change projections

Author:
Ashfaq, Moetasim; Skinner, Christopher B.; Diffenbaugh, Noah S.
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1303-1319
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
climate change; climate models; greenhouses; hydrologic cycle; salinity; surface temperature; tropics; water content
Abstract:
... We use a quantile-based bias correction technique and a multi-member ensemble of the atmospheric component of NCAR CCSM3 (CAM3) simulations to investigate the influence of sea surface temperature (SST) biases on future climate change projections. The simulations, which cover 1977-1999 in the historical period and 2077-2099 in the future (A1B) period, use the CCSM3-generated SSTs as prescribed boun ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0875-2

12. Inherent sea ice predictability in the rapidly changing Arctic environment of the Community Climate System Model, version 3

Author:
Holland, Marika M.; Bailey, David A.; Vavrus, Steve
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1239-1253
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
climate models; ice; icebergs; prediction; regression analysis; simulation models; spring; summer; Arctic region
Abstract:
... Seasonal predictions of Arctic sea ice have typically been based on statistical regression models or on results from ensemble ice model forecasts driven by historical atmospheric forcing. However, in the rapidly changing Arctic environment, the predictability characteristics of summer ice cover could undergo important transformations. Here global coupled climate model simulations are used to asses ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0792-4

13. Interannual variability of CFC-11 absorption by the ocean: an offline model study

Author:
Valsala, Vinu; Alsibai, Hayyan M.; Ikeda, Motoyoshi; Maksyutov, Shamil
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1435-1452
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
absorption; inventories; latitude; models; oceans; summer; wind; winter; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... The global ocean Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC-11) was simulated in an offline model driven by re-analysis ocean currents in order to identify the mechanisms of interannual to interdecadal variability of air-sea CFC fluxes. The model was forced with the observed anthropogenic perturbations of atmospheric CFC-11 from the post industrial period (1938) following the OCMIP-II flux protocols along with the o ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0784-4

14. Long-term hydroclimatic variability in monsoon shadow zone of western Himalaya, India

Author:
Yadav, Ram R.
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1453-1462
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
Cedrus deodara; El Nino; climate; drought; growth rings; monsoon season; spectral analysis; India
Abstract:
... Tree-ring-width data of Himalayan cedar [Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G. Don] from 11 homogeneous moisture stressed sites in the monsoon shadow zone of the western Himalaya were used to develop a mean chronology extending back to ad 1353. The chronology developed using Regional Curve Standardization method is the first from the Himalayan region of India showing centennial-scale variations. The calibrati ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0800-8

15. Mechanisms of the atmospheric response to North Atlantic multidecadal variability: a model study

Author:
Msadek, Rym; Frankignoul, Claude; Li, Laurent Z. X.
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1255-1276
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
atmospheric circulation; climate models; cooling; seasonal variation; summer; surface temperature; winter; Atlantic Ocean; Iceland
Abstract:
... The atmospheric circulation response to decadal fluctuations of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) in the IPSL climate model is investigated using the associated sea surface temperature signature. A SST anomaly is prescribed in sensitivity experiments with the atmospheric component of the IPSL model coupled to a slab ocean. The prescribed SST anomaly in the North Atlantic is the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0958-0

16. Natural forcing of climate during the last millennium: fingerprint of solar variability

Author:
Swingedouw, D.; Terray, L.; Cassou, C.; Voldoire, A.; Salas-Mélia, D.; Servonnat, J.
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1349-1364
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
climate; climate models; simulation models; solar radiation; surface temperature; wind; winter; Pacific Ocean
Abstract:
... The variability of the climate during the last millennium is partly forced by changes in total solar irradiance (TSI). Nevertheless, the amplitude of these TSI changes is very small so that recent reconstruction data suggest that low frequency variations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and in the thermohaline circulation may have amplified, in the North Atlantic sector and mostly in winter ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0803-5

17. Nonlinear relation of the Arctic oscillation with the quasi-biennial oscillation

Author:
Lu, Bei-Wei; Pandolfo, Lionel
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1491-1504
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
cold season; data collection; latitude; neural networks; periodicity; principal component analysis; stratosphere; time series analysis; warm season; wind; Arctic region
Abstract:
... A nonlinear principal component analysis (NLPCA) is applied to a set of monthly mean time series from January 1956 to December 2007 consisting of the Arctic oscillation (AO) index derived from 1,000-hPa geopotential height anomalies poleward of 20°N latitude and the zonal winds observed at seven pressure levels between 10 and 70 hPa in the equatorial stratosphere to investigate the relation of the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0773-7

18. Postprocessing of simulated precipitation for impact research in West Africa. Part II: A weather generator for daily data

Author:
Paeth, Heiko; Diederich, Malte
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1337-1348
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
algorithms; atmospheric circulation; climate; climate models; data collection; hydrologic models; probability; rain; rain intensity; Benin
Abstract:
... Data from global and regional climate models refer to grid cells and, hence, are basically different from station data. This particularly holds for variables with enhanced spatio-temporal variability like precipitation. On the other hand, many applications like for instance hydrological models require atmospheric data with the statistical characteristics of station data. Here, we present a dynamic ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0840-0

19. Postprocessing of simulated precipitation for impact research in West Africa. Part I: model output statistics for monthly data

Author:
Paeth, Heiko
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1321-1336
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
atmospheric circulation; climate; climate models; data collection; food security; hydrologic cycle; latitude; meteorological data; rain; rainfall simulation; regression analysis; sea level; seasonal variation; simulation models; statistical models; temperature; thermodynamics; wind; Western Africa
Abstract:
... Rainfall represents an important factor in agriculture and food security, particularly, in the low latitudes. Climatological and hydrological studies which attempt to diagnose the hydrological cycle, require high-quality precipitation data. In West Africa, like in many parts of the world, the density of observational data is low and climate models are needed in order to perform homogeneous and com ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0760-z

20. Probabilistic discrimination between large-scale environments of intensifying and decaying African Easterly Waves

Author:
Agudelo, Paula A.; Hoyos, Carlos D.; Curry, Judith A.; Webster, Peter J.
Source:
Climate dynamics 2011 v.36 no.7-8 pp. 1379-1401
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
data collection; environmental factors; heat; humidity; hurricanes; prediction; risk; wind
Abstract:
... About 50-60% of Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) including nearly 85% of intense hurricanes have their origins as African Easterly Waves (AEWs). However, predicting the likelihood of AEW intensification remains a difficult task. We have developed a Bayesian diagnostic methodology to understand genesis of North Atlantic TCs spawned by AEWs through the examination of the characteristics of the AEW i ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-010-0851-x