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You searched for: Journal name Comparative biochemistry and physiology Remove constraint Journal name: Comparative biochemistry and physiology Publication year rev 7979-2021 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7979-2021 Source 2021 v.257 Remove constraint Source: 2021 v.257
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1. Acute and chronic temperature dependence of Na+/H+ exchange activity of Pimephales promelas gills

Author:
William Ye; Jill Patel; Katrina Thede; Varsha Aravindabose; Simon Wentworth; Ian Monroe; Matthew L. Garvin; Jeffrey L. Garvin; Randall K. Packer
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110975
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Pimephales promelas; acclimation; adenosinetriphosphatase; freshwater; gene expression; homeostasis; temperature
Abstract:
... Na⁺/H⁺ exchangers (NHE) mediate at least part of Na⁺ entry into gill epithelia via Na⁺/NH₄⁺ exchange. For homeostasis, Na⁺ entry into and exit via Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase from gill epithelia must balance. Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase activity is reduced in cold- compared to warm-acclimated freshwater temperate fish. We hypothesized gill NHE activity is greater in warm- than cold-acclimated fish when measured at acclimatio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110975

2. Cold hardening improves larval tick questing under low temperatures at the expense of longevity

Author:
Joshua B. Benoit; Kennan Oyen; Geoffrey Finch; J.D. Gantz; Katherine Wendeln; Thomas Arya; Richard E. Lee
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110966
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Amblyomma americanum; Dermacentor variabilis; Ixodes uriae; acclimation; blood meal; cold; larvae; longevity; metabolism; oxygen consumption; temperature; ticks
Abstract:
... Questing in ticks is essential for locating a host, and this behavioral response can occur at regionally specific low temperatures for most tick species. Little is known about the dynamics between tick questing behavior and temperature in ticks, specifically how this may impact other aspects of tick biology. Here, we examine whether cold hardening increases questing in three larval tick species (I ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110966

3. Cold tolerance of laboratory-reared Asian longhorned beetles

Author:
Alex S. Torson; Meng Lei Zhang; Kevin Ong; Lamees Mohammad; Adam J. Smith; Daniel Doucet; Amanda D. Roe; Brent J. Sinclair
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110957
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Anoplophora glabripennis; cold tolerance; diapause; geographical distribution; glycerol; hardwood; hemolymph; introduced species; laboratory rearing; osmolality; overwintering; risk; temperature; China; Europe; Korean Peninsula; North America
Abstract:
... Low winter temperatures in temperate climates can limit the success of non-native species. The Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis, is an invasive wood-boring pest of hardwood trees in North America and Europe. Native A. glabripennis populations are spread across several climate zones in China and the Korean Peninsula and are likely to encounter low temperatures in at least some of t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110957

4. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of milk output at peak lactation

Author:
Alexander Riek
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110976
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
allometry; body weight; energy; females; lactation; mammals; milk; phylogeny; sugars
Abstract:
... A large body of literature exists on the comparative aspects of milk nutrient concentrations of numerous species. However, in the last three decades little attention has been given to the comparative aspects of quantitative milk output and the related nutrient outputs at peak lactation, one of the most energy demanding times for the lactating female. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110976

5. Effects of fasting and re-feeding on the expression of CCK, PYY, hypothalamic neuropeptides, and IGF-related genes in layer and broiler chicks

Author:
Ahmed Kewan; Takaoki Saneyasu; Hiroshi Kamisoyama; Kazuhisa Honda
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110940
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
appetite; brain; cholecystokinin; food intake; gene expression; intestines; pancreas; peptide YY; refeeding; satiety
Abstract:
... Cholecystokinin (CCK) and peptide YY (PYY) have been investigated as gut hormones that send satiation signals to the brain in mammals. There is evidence that chicken PYY mRNA expression was the highest in the pancreas compared to other tissues. We recently suggested that insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and its binding proteins (IGFBPs) may be involved in the appetite regulation system in chicks ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110940

6. Geographic variation in acclimation responses of thermal tolerance in South African diving beetles (Dytiscidae: Coleoptera)

Author:
Amparo Hidalgo-Galiana; Ignacio Ribera; John S. Terblanche
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110955
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Dytiscidae; acclimation; animals; biochemistry; climate; climate change; drought; ecoregions; ecosystems; geographical variation; heat tolerance; indicator species; physiology; plasticity; South Africa
Abstract:
... Understanding sources of variation in animal thermal limits is critical to forecasting ecological responses to climate change. Here, we estimated upper and lower thermal limits, and their capacity to respond to thermal acclimation, in several species and populations of diving beetles (Dytiscidae) from diverse geographic regions representative of variable climate within South Africa. We also consid ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110955

7. Glycemic, insulinemic and methylglyoxal postprandial responses to starches alone or in whole diets in dogs versus cats: Relating the concept of glycemic index to metabolic responses and gene expression

Author:
Jennifer M. Briens; Marina Subramaniam; Alyssa Kilgour; Matthew E. Loewen; Kaushik M. Desai; Jennifer L. Adolphe; Kyla M. Zatti; Murray D. Drew; Lynn P. Weber
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110973
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
amylases; blood glucose; cats; digestion; dogs; gene expression; glucokinase; glucose; glycemic effect; glycemic index; glycolysis; hexokinase; insulin; lactic acid; liver; metabolites; pancreas; skeletal muscle; small intestine; starch; toxicity
Abstract:
... Species differences between domestic cats (Felis catus) and dogs (Canis familiaris) has led to differences in their ability to digest, absorb and metabolize carbohydrates through poorly characterized mechanisms. The current study aimed to first examine biopsied small intestine, pancreas, liver and skeletal muscle from laboratory beagles and domestic cats for mRNA expression of key enzymes involved ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110973

8. Hypoxia tolerance and metabolic coping strategies in Oreochromis niloticus

Author:
Julie Hansen Bergstedt; Tilo Pfalzgraff; Peter Vilhelm Skov
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110956
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Oreochromis niloticus; acidosis; anaerobiosis; blood pH; debt; dissolved oxygen; fish; glucose; hypoxia; lactic acid; oxygen; oxygen consumption; pond culture
Abstract:
... The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is widely farmed in tropical and subtropical pond culture. O. niloticus is recognized as a species that is tolerant of hypoxic conditions, a trait that may largely be responsible for the success of this species in aquaculture. Until now, neither coping mechanisms nor a comparison of various indices of hypoxia tolerance to characterize the response to hypoxi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110956

9. Physical characteristics of forestomach contents from two nondomestic small ruminants, the blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) and the Arabian sand gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa marica)

Author:
Janine Hertaeg; Cathrine Sauer; Mads F. Bertelsen; Sven Hammer; Peter Lund; Martin R. Weisbjerg; Marcus Clauss
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110941
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Antilope cervicapra; Gazella subgutturosa marica; biochemistry; digesta; dissociation; omasum; physiology; resorption; reticulum; rumen; sand
Abstract:
... Rumen content stratification and the degree of dissociation of particle and fluid retention in the reticulorumen differ between ‘moose-type’ and ‘cattle-type’ ruminant species. These differences are not strictly linked to diet, except for a seeming limitation of ‘moose-type’ ruminants to a browsing niche. Nevertheless, these differences can be plausibly linked to other observed differences in rumi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110941

10. Suppressed expression of oxidoreductin-like protein, Oxidor, increases follicle degeneration and decreases survival during the overwintering diapause of the mosquito Culex pipiens

Author:
Bryan King; Arinze Ikenga; Mazie Larsen; Cheolho Sim
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110959
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Culex pipiens; adults; biochemistry; diapause; genes; longevity; overwintering; stress tolerance
Abstract:
... Throughout diapause in mosquitoes, stress resistance and subsequent prolonged lifespan are a few important features of diapause that are crucial for overwintering success. In the mosquito Culex pipiens, we suggest that oxidoreductin-like protein is involved with these diapause characteristics for overwintering survival. Expression of oxidor was more than two-fold higher in early stage diapausing f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110959

11. Chronic electrical stimulation reduces reliance on anaerobic metabolism in locust jumping muscle

Author:
Scott D. Kirkton; Ariella A. Yazdani
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110954
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Schistocerca americana; anaerobiosis; electrical treatment; grasshoppers; lactic acid; mammals; muscles; myosin; plasticity
Abstract:
... Chronic electrical stimulation (CES) is a well-documented method for changing mammalian muscle from more fast-twitch to slow-twitch metabolic and contractile profiles. Although both mammalian and insect muscles have many similar anatomical and physiological properties, it is unknown if CES produces similar muscle plasticity changes in insects. To test this idea, we separated Schistocerca americana ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110954

12. Elevated glucocorticoids during gestation suggest sex-specific effects on offspring telomere lengths in a wild lizard

Author:
David C. Ensminger; Sue R. Siegel; Dustin A.S. Owen; Michael J. Sheriff; Tracy Langkilde
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110971
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
DNA; Sceloporus undulatus; corticosterone; females; lizards; pregnancy; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; telomeres
Abstract:
... The effects of maternal glucocorticoids (e.g. corticosterone, CORT) on offspring interest biologists due to increasing environmental perturbations. While little is known about the impact of maternal CORT on offspring fitness, it may modulate telomere length and compromise offspring health. Here, we use a modified real-time quantitative PCR assay to assess telomere length using small DNA quantities ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110971

13. Increased polyamine levels and maintenance of γ-aminobutyric acid (Gaba) homeostasis in the gills is indicative of osmotic plasticity in killifish

Author:
Kathleen M. Munley; Dong Liu; Fernando Galvez
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110969
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
biosynthesis; coasts; euryhaline species; fish; freshwater; glutamic acid; high performance liquid chromatography; homeostasis; putrescine; salinity; spermidine; spermine; Gulf of Mexico
Abstract:
... The Fundulus genus of killifish includes species that inhabit marshes along the U.S. Atlantic coast and the Gulf of Mexico, but differ in their ability to adjust rapidly to fluctuations in salinity. Previous work suggests that euryhaline killifish stimulate polyamine biosynthesis and accumulate putrescine in the gills during acute hypoosmotic challenge. Despite evidence that polyamines have an osm ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110969

14. Increasing feed intake in domestic goats (Capra hircus): Measured effects on chewing intensity are probably driven by escape of few, large particles from the forestomach

Author:
Eva Findeisen; Karl-Heinz Südekum; Jürgen Hummel; Marcus Clauss
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110972
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Capra hircus; biochemistry; diet; digesta; feces; feed intake; forestomach; ingestion; lactation; mastication; particle size; rumination
Abstract:
... On the one hand, oral processing – mastication – is considered a relatively inflexible component of mammalian feed acquisition that constrains instantaneous intake rates. On the other hand, experimental data shows that the level of feed intake affects faecal particle size and hence net chewing efficiency in ruminants, with larger particles occurring in the faeces at higher intakes. Here, we report ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110972

15. Knock out of a major vitellogenin receptor gene with eight ligand binding repeats in medaka (Oryzias latipes) using the CRISPR/Cas9 system

Author:
Jin Namgung; Hiroko Mizuta; Yo Yamaguchi; Jun Nagata; Takashi Todo; Ozlem Yilmaz; Naoshi Hiramatsu
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110967
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
CRISPR-Cas systems; Oryzias latipes; embryogenesis; fish; genes; homozygosity; immunohistochemistry; larval development; ligands; low density lipoprotein; models; oocytes; progeny; protein content; survival rate; vitellogenesis; vitellogenin
Abstract:
... Recent studies of vitellogenesis engendered a novel model of teleost yolk formation in which multiple yolk precursors, vitellogenins (Vtgs), and their receptors (Vtgrs) interact to ensure proper yolk composition for embryonic development and larval growth. As a step toward verification of this concept, we examined the role of one candidate Vtgr, termed low-density lipoprotein receptor relative wit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110967

16. Laboratory diet influences cold tolerance in a genotype-dependent manner in Drosophila melanogaster

Author:
Aerianna S. Littler; Mark J. Garcia; Nicholas M. Teets
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110948
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Drosophila melanogaster; biochemistry; climate change; cold stress; cold tolerance; genotype; genotype-environment interaction; heat tolerance; insects; photoperiod; reproductive performance; temperature
Abstract:
... Cold stress can reduce insect fitness and is an important determinant of species distributions and responses to climate change. Cold tolerance is influenced by genotype and environmental conditions, with factors such as day length and temperature having a particularly strong influence. Recent studies also indicate that diet impacts cold tolerance, but it is unclear whether diet-mediated shifts in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110948

17. Larval thermal characteristics of multiple ixodid ticks

Author:
Alicia M. Fieler; Andrew J. Rosendale; David W. Farrow; Megan D. Dunlevy; Benjamin Davies; Kennan Oyen; Yanyu Xiao; Joshua B. Benoit
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110939
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Dermacentor andersoni; Dermacentor variabilis; Ixodes scapularis; Rhipicephalus sanguineus; heat tolerance; larvae; metabolism; oxygen consumption; temperature; ticks
Abstract:
... Temperature limits the geographic ranges of several tick species. Little is known about the thermal characteristics of these pests outside of a few studies on survival related to thermal tolerance. In this study, thermal tolerance limits, thermal preference, and the impact of temperature on activity levels and metabolic rate were examined in larvae for six species of ixodid ticks. Tolerance of low ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110939

18. Quantitative model analysis of the resting membrane potential in insect skeletal muscle: Implications for low temperature tolerance

Author:
Jeppe Seamus Bayley; Johannes Overgaard; Thomas Holm Pedersen
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110970
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
adenosinetriphosphatase; capacitance; cell death; cold; cold stress; coma; homeostasis; insects; membrane potential; models; muscles; skeletal muscle; symporters; temperature
Abstract:
... Abiotic stressors, such as cold exposure, can depolarize insect cells substantially causing cold coma and cell death. During cold exposure, insect skeletal muscle depolarization occurs through a 2-stage process. Firstly, short-term cold exposure reduces the activity of electrogenic ion pumps, which depolarize insect muscle markedly. Secondly, during long-term cold exposure, extracellular ion homeo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110970

19. Salt transport by the gill Na+-K+-2Cl− symporter in palaemonid shrimps: exploring physiological, molecular and evolutionary landscapes

Author:
Anieli Cristina Maraschi; Samuel Coelho Faria; John Campbell McNamara
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110968
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Macrobrachium; Palaemon; acclimation; chlorides; diadromous fish; exposure duration; gene expression; hemolymph; osmolality; osmoregulation; phylogeny; protein synthesis; salinity; secretion; shrimp; symporters
Abstract:
... Palaemonid shrimps inhabit osmotic niches from marine to continental waters. They hyper-regulate hemolymph osmolality and ionic concentrations in dilute media, hypo-regulating in concentrated media. Their gill epithelia express ion transporters like the Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl⁻ symporter (NKCC) thought to play a role in salt secretion. To examine Cl⁻ hypo-regulatory capability and phylogenetic correlations bet ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110968

20. Seasonal modulation of oxidative stress biomarkers in mangrove oyster (Crassostrea gasar) from an Amazon estuary

Author:
Carla Carolina Miranda dos Santos; Johnata Azevedo Ferreira; Cléverson Rannieri Meira dos Santos; Lílian Lund Amado
Source:
Comparative biochemistry and physiology 2021 v.257 pp. 110953
ISSN:
1095-6433
Subject:
Crassostrea gasar; anthropogenic activities; antioxidant activity; biomarkers; dry season; ecosystems; environmental monitoring; estuaries; glutathione transferase; lipid peroxidation; muscles; oxidative stress; oysters; physiology; salinity; wet season; Amazonia; Brazil
Abstract:
... Estuaries are the final destination of many pollutants derived from anthropogenic activity. Therefore, it is difficult to find this kind of ecosystem in a pristine condition. In this context, biomonitoring studies that characterize the organism's conditions against the environment’ s natural variation are essential for future impact analysis due to anthropic activity. The present study aims to cha ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110953