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1. Accurate evaluation of blackening disease in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) using a quantitative PCR-based assay for Hirschmanniella diversa Sher and H. imamuri Sher

Author:
Kurashita, Hazuki; Kuroda, Kyohei; Narihiro, Takashi; Takagi, Motonori; Goto, Maki; Ikeda, Shoji; Hirakata, Yuga; Hatamoto, Masashi; Maki, Shinya; Yamaguchi, Takashi; Aoi, Toru
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105380
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
DNA; Hirschmanniella; Nelumbo nucifera; deformation; economic threshold; etiological agents; gene dosage; genes; internal transcribed spacers; plant parasitic nematodes; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; regression analysis; ribosomal RNA; roots; soil sampling; tubers; Japan
Abstract:
... Blackening and deformation disease (called “kurokawa-senchu-byo” in Japanese) of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is a critical issue in lotus cultivation that is known to be caused by the plant-parasitic nematodes Hirschmanniella diversa Sher and H. imamuri Sher. To evaluate the extent of the disease, a damage index that classifies the nematode damage into five stages according to the surface con ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105380

2. An outlook on wheat health in Europe from a network of field experiments

Author:
Willocquet, L.; Meza, W.R.; Dumont, B.; Klocke, B.; Feike, T.; Kersebaum, K.C.; Meriggi, P.; Rossi, V.; Ficke, A.; Djurle, A.; Savary, S.
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105335
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Fusarium head blight; Mycosphaerella graminicola; Parastagonospora nodorum; Triticum; attainable yield; crop models; cultivars; disease control; experimental design; farmers; field experimentation; fungicides; issues and policy; leaf blotch; leaf rust; powdery mildew; stem rust; stripe rust; weather; wheat; Belgium; France; Germany; Italy; Norway; Sweden
Abstract:
... Wheat disease management in Europe is mainly based on the use of fungicides and the cultivation of resistant cultivars. Improving disease management implies the formal comparison of disease management methods in terms of both crop health and yield levels (attainable yield, actual yield), thus enabling an assessment of yield losses and yield gains. Such an assessment is not available for wheat in E ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105335

3. Antibacterial effect of copper composites against Xanthomonas euvesicatoria

Author:
Fan, Qiurong; Liao, Ying-Yu; Kunwar, Sanju; Da Silva, Susannah; Young, Mikaeel; Santra, Swadeshmukul; Minsavage, Gerald V.; Freeman, Joshua H.; Jones, Jeffrey B.; Paret, Mathews L.
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105366
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Xanthomonas euvesicatoria; antibacterial properties; antibiotics; bacteria; copper; copper nanoparticles; crop production; greenhouse experimentation; in vitro studies; nanocomposites; pepper; phytotoxicity; Florida
Abstract:
... Bacterial spot disease caused by Xanthomonas euvesicatoria is one of the major constraints for pepper production in Florida and worldwide. The common prevalence of copper (Cu)-tolerant X. euvesicatoria strains has reduced the efficacy of Cu based bactericides against bacterial spot of pepper. In this study, we evaluated antimicrobial activity of three Cu-based nanocomposites, namely, core-shell Cu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105366

4. Assessing chemical control options and their effects on the lesser clover leaf weevil (Hypera nigrirostris) and red clover pollinators in Western Canada

Author:
Malamura, Dan; Biligetu, Bill; Prager, Sean M.
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105375
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Hypera nigrirostris; Trifolium pratense; bees; chemical control; cyantraniliprole; deltamethrin; forage; growing season; insect control; insect larvae; insect pests; laboratory experimentation; pollinators; rearing; seed yield; shoots; winter hardiness; Canada
Abstract:
... Single-cut red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is an important forage seed crop in Western Canada due to its winter hardiness and economical value. However, infestation of lesser clover leaf weevil (Hypera nigrirostris F.) can lead to drastic yield losses (over 50%). The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of insecticides deltamethrin (Decis) and cyantraniliprole (Exirel) in cont ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105375

5. Assessment of smallholder farmers’ awareness of bean fly (Ophiomyia spp.) and management practices in central and northern Malawi: Implications for resistance breeding

Author:
Nkhata, Wilson; Shimelis, Hussein; Melis, Rob; Chirwa, Rowland; Mathew, Isack; Shayanowako, Admire; Mzengeza, Tenyson
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105353
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Ophiomyia phaseoli; Phaseolus vulgaris; adult literacy; beans; botanical insecticides; breeding programs; cooking; cultural control; disease resistance; early development; extension education; farmers; farms; field experimentation; grain yield; high-yielding varieties; host plants; insect control; insect pests; learning; new variety; pest resistance; plant breeding; principal component analysis; selection criteria; surveys; Malawi
Abstract:
... The production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in East and Southern Africa (ESA) regions falls short of the demand partly due to insect pests and diseases, and a lack of high yielding varieties. Bean fly (Ophiomyia spp.) is one of the most devastating field insect pests of common bean in ESA and the development of host plant resistance to bean fly is an important strategy to combat yield lo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105353

6. Azospirillum lipoferum strain AL-3 reduces early blight disease of potato and enhance yield

Author:
Mehmood, Tahir; Li, Guihua; Anjum, Tehmina; Akram, Waheed
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105349
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Alternaria solani; Azospirillum lipoferum; Solanum tuberosum; antagonists; biological control; blight; catechol oxidase; cell death; cost effectiveness; crop yield; cultivars; disease control; disease severity; foliar application; hydrogen peroxide; pathogens; peroxidase; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; polyphenols; potatoes; rhizosphere bacteria; salicylic acid; systemic acquired resistance; transcriptomics
Abstract:
... In sustainable agricultural systems, plant disease management with biological agents is a cost-effective and eco-friendly strategy. This study was performed to screen the biocontrol efficacy of rhizobacterial strains against early blight disease of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). Rhizobacterial antagonists that are capable of suppressing the growth of Alternaria solani up to 50% under in-vitro condi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105349

7. Characterization and chemical management of Cashew Fusarium Wilt Disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum in Tanzania

Author:
Mbasa, William V.; Nene, Wilson A.; Kapinga, Fortunus A.; Lilai, Stanslaus A.; Tibuhwa, Donatha D.
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105379
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Anacardium occidentale; Fusarium oxysporum; Fusarium wilt; azoxystrobin; carbendazim; chlamydospores; conidia; disease control; disease severity; etiological agents; farmers; income; mycelium; thiophanate-methyl; trees; Tanzania
Abstract:
... Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is the present leading currency earning crop in Tanzania, generating income to over 2.5 million farmers. Despite of its importance, cashew is threatened by a new serious destructive disease called Cashew Fusarium Wilt (CFWD), which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The impact of the disease has reduced income at both household and national levels. The current stud ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105379

8. Chemical-based strategies to control the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte

Author:
Ferracini, Chiara; Blandino, Massimo; Rigamonti, Ivo E.; Jucker, Costanza; Busato, Enrico; Saladini, Matteo A.; Reyneri, Amedeo; Alma, Alberto
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105306
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; Zea mays; chemical control; clothianidin; corn; economic costs; grain yield; insect control; insect larvae; insect pests; insecticide application; lodging; organophosphorus compounds; pyrethrins; ridging; root systems; seed treatment; silage; soil treatment; sowing; tefluthrin; Italy
Abstract:
... The western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is one of the most severe pests of cultivated maize, Zea mays L. Most of the damage to this crop is caused by larvae feeding on the root system, causing important economic costs in terms of yield losses and management efforts.This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of different chemica ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105306

9. Classification of objectives in Systems Approaches to manage horticultural biosecurity risks for market access

Author:
Quinlan, M. Megan; Leach, Adrian; Mumford, John
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105286
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
biosecurity; crop production; decision making; horticulture; international trade; managers; market access; pests; risk; risk management process; risk reduction; terminology; uncertainty
Abstract:
... Systems Approach is a method for management of pest risk used in international trade. It consists of a combination of independent phytosanitary measures which either reduce the risk directly or provide additional information to reduce the uncertainty and support decision making. Control points within a system allow pest managers to effectively respond to real time information and adjust the applic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105286

10. Combining penthiopyrad with azoxystrobin is an effective alternative to control seedling damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani on sugar beet

Author:
Liu, Yangxi; Qi, Aiming; Haque, M.E.; Bhuiyan, M.Z.R.; Khan, Mohamed F.R.
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105374
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Thanatephorus cucumeris; azoxystrobin; damping off; disease course; enzyme inhibitors; foliar spraying; fungicide resistance; growers; mature plants; mechanism of action; penthiopyrad; planting; quinones; seed treatment; seedlings; seeds; soil fungi; succinate dehydrogenase (quinone); sugar beet; survival rate
Abstract:
... The soil-borne fungus Rhizoctonia solani causes damping-off on sugar beet seedlings. Growers rely on fungicides to protect sugar beet in fields affected by R. solani. Quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides, such as azoxystrobin, have been applied as in-furrow and foliar sprays to manage R. solani, but repeated use of QoI fungicides pose risks in fungicide resistance. Penthiopyrad is a novel fu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105374

11. Decision-making system for the management of Frankliniella schultzei thrips in commercial melon fields

Author:
Diamantino, Mauricio Luiz; Soares Ramos, Rodrigo; de Almeida Sarmento, Renato; Silvestre Pereira, Poliana; Coutinho Picanço, Marcelo
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105346
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Cucumis melo; Frankliniella schultzei; crop production; decision making; decision support systems; economic threshold; farmers; fruit growing; insect pests; integrated pest management; melons; monitoring; probability; sequential sampling; subtropics
Abstract:
... The common blossom thrips, Frankliniella schultzei (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) (Trybom), is an important pest of melons (Cucumis melo). This species is found on all continents, but especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Decision-making systems are essential parts of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. Sampling plans and decision-making indices are two critical components for an effec ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105346

12. Detection of Peronophythora litchii on lychee by loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay

Author:
Kong, Guanghui; Li, Tinglu; Huang, Weixiong; Li, Minhui; Shen, Wankuan; Jiang, Liqun; Hsiang, Tom; Jiang, Zide; Xi, Pinggen
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105370
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
DNA; Litchi chinensis; Peronophythora litchii; blight; detection limit; disease outbreaks; early diagnosis; fruit diseases; fruits; leaves; litchis; loop-mediated isothermal amplification; nucleotide sequences; pathogens; polymerase chain reaction; soil
Abstract:
... Downy blight caused by Peronophythora litchii is one of the most destructive diseases of lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.). Early diagnosis of the P. litchii pathogen should be the top priority for addressing disease epidemics and management. In this study, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays targeting the M90 gene sequences were developed for specific detection of P. litchii. The d ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105370

13. Development and validation of an integrated pest management strategy against the invasive South American tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta in South India

Author:
Buragohain, Priyakshi; Saikia, Dilip Kumar; Sotelo-Cardona, Paola; Srinivasan, Ramasamy
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105348
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Azadirachta indica; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki; Beauveria bassiana; Solanum lycopersicum; Tuta absoluta; crop production; farmers; insect infestations; integrated pest management; invasive species; microbial pesticides; spraying; tomatoes; India
Abstract:
... Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables grown in South Asian countries, including India. Introduction of any invasive species to a new environment has always resulted in serious ecological and economical threats globally. One such widely effected invasive pest in tomato cultivation is Tuta absoluta, which was reported infesting tomato fields in India in 2014 for the first time. In order to re ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105348

14. Diaporthe rosiphthora sp. nov.: Yet another rose dieback fungus

Author:
Caio, Pereira; Bruno, Ferreira; Carlos, Aucique-Perez; Robert, Barreto
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105365
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Diaporthe; Rosa; calmodulin; cultivars; cut flowers; dieback; etiology; fungi; genes; internal transcribed spacers; new species; pathogenicity; peptide elongation factors; phylogeny; plantations; ribosomal DNA; Brazil
Abstract:
... The cultivated rose (Rosa × hybrida) is the most important plant species in the cut flower industry worldwide. In Brazil, rose plantations are said to be frequently attacked by a dieback disease of uncertain etiology. A severe rose dieback outbreak was detected and closely observed in Viçosa (state of Minas Gerais, Brazil). The disease was particularly severe on the cultivar ‘Gran Gala’. A fungus ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105365

15. Effectiveness of varietal resistance and risk prediction for the control of ramularia leaf spot of barley under Irish growing conditions

Author:
Mulhare, Joseph; Creissen, Henry E.; Kildea, Steven
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105317
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Ramularia; biomass; chlorothalonil; environmental factors; field experimentation; flowering; fungi; fungicide application; grain yield; growers; integrated pest management; leaf spot; leaf wetness; leaves; microbial load; pathogens; prediction; pyraclostrobin; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; risk; spring barley; varietal resistance; viability; Ireland
Abstract:
... Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) of barley, caused by the fungal pathogen Ramularia collo-cygni, is a significant threat to the viability of spring barley production in Ireland. As a relatively new disease of barley, limited information is available on the development and impact of the disease under Irish conditions. RLS symptoms often only develop after anthesis and the final fungicide application, ther ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105317

16. Efficacy of fungicide treatments for Plasmopara viticola control and occurrence of strobilurin field resistance in vineyards in Georgia, USA

Author:
Campbell, Sarah E.; Brannen, Phillip M.; Scherm, Harald; Eason, Nathan; MacAllister, Clark
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105371
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Plasmopara viticola; Vitis; azoxystrobin; carboxylic acids; disease control; downy mildew; field experimentation; fungicide resistance; mutation; polymerase chain reaction; pyraclostrobin; quinones; vines; vineyards; viticulture; wine grapes; Georgia
Abstract:
... Grapevine downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara viticola, is a major disease of cultivated wine grapes in Georgia (USA), where the climate is favorable for rapid epidemic development. Although loss of fungicide sensitivity has been documented for P. viticola populations in other viticultural regions, it had not been confirmed previously in Georgia. Downy mildew samples from three vineyards, two manag ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105371

17. Evaluation of early-generation tropical maize testcrosses for grain-yield potential and weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) resistance

Author:
Sserumaga, Julius P.; Makumbi, Dan; Oikeh, Sylvester O.; Otim, Michael; Machida, Lewis; Anani, Bruce Y.; Nhamucho, Egas; Beyene, Yoseph; Mugo, Stephen
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105384
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Sitophilus zeamais; Zea mays; agronomic traits; corn; drought tolerance; farmers; field experimentation; genotype; germplasm; grain yield; hybrids; insect infestations; insect pests; laboratory experimentation; pest resistance; postharvest losses; postharvest storage; seeds; small-scale farming; storage pests; testcrosses; weight loss; Uganda
Abstract:
... Smallholder maize farmers in Africa experience pre- and post-harvest production stresses either individually or in combination at different stages of the crop cycle. The maize weevil is among the major post-harvest storage pests. A strategy to address this problem is to develop and promote high yielding maize germplasm with resistance to multiple stresses. A study was conducted to: 1) assess yield ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105384

18. Exploring a sustainable solution to control Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca on olive in the Salento Peninsula, Southern Italy

Author:
Bruno, Giovanni Luigi; Cariddi, Corrado; Botrugno, Luigi
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105288
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
DNA; Olea europaea; Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca; bacteria; calcium hydroxide; cell membranes; cultivars; decline; detergents; electrolyte leakage; fruits; groves; leaves; lipid peroxidation; oils; olives; pruning; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; sodium; sodium bicarbonate; sulfur; trees; winter; Italy
Abstract:
... The effectiveness of NuovOlivo®, a natural detergent made from plants oils and extracts of multi botanical species plus sodium and calcium hydroxide, and sulphur, activated with sodium bicarbonate (patent n. 102017000109094 Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico, Italy) was tested in the control of Olive Quick Decline Syndrome associated with Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca. Tests were conducted in tw ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105288

19. First report of basella rugose mosaic virus infecting Anredera cordifolia in mainland of China

Author:
Li, Zhengnan; Sun, Pingping; Zhang, Lei; Song, Shuang
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105350
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Anredera; Basella rugose mosaic virus; Nicotiana benthamiana; Nicotiana rustica; Nicotiana tabacum; RNA; Spathiphyllum patinii; amino acid sequences; genome; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; leaves; medicinal plants; nucleotide sequences; phylogeny; plant diseases and disorders; plant viruses; polyproteins; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; virion; viruses; China
Abstract:
... Anredera cordifolia, in family Basellaceae, is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant and is also widely cultivated as an ornamental vine or a leafy vegetable. In June 2019, A. cordifolia plants displaying symptoms of chlorotic ringspot were observed in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia of China. Flexuous filamentous viral particles of about 800 × 13 nm in size were observed in symptomatic leaf samples. The i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105350

20. Formicidal activity of essential oils of Myrcia lundiana chemotypes on Acromyrmex balzani

Author:
Melo, Carlisson R.; Blank, Arie F.; Oliveira, Bruna Maria S.; Santos, Ane Caroline C.; Cristaldo, Paulo F.; Araújo, Ana Paula A.; Bacci, Leandro
Source:
Crop protection 2021 v.139 pp. 105343
ISSN:
0261-2194
Subject:
Acromyrmex; Myrcia; bioassays; chemotypes; cineole; citral; essential oils; fumigation; insect control; insect pests; insecticides; leaf-cutting ants; mortality; toxicity; walking
Abstract:
... Essential oils (EOs) from plants have been considered as a viable alternative to the use of synthetic insecticides for the control of insect pests. In the current study, we evaluated the formicidal activity of essential oils of two Myrcia lundiana (Myrtaceae) chemotypes, their major compounds and their binaries mixtures on Acromyrmex balzani (Emery, 1980) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The effects of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105343