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You searched for: Journal name Crop science Remove constraint Journal name: Crop science Publication year rev 7989-2011 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7989-2011 Source 2011 v.51 no.6 Remove constraint Source: 2011 v.51 no.6
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1. Best Linear Unbiased Prediction and Family Selection in Crop Species

Author:
José Marcelo Soriano Viana; Vinícius Ribeiro Faria; Fabyano Fonseca e Silva; Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2371-2381
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays subsp. mays; animals; breeding; breeding value; correlation; crops; epistasis; forests; grain yield; parents; popcorn; prediction; progeny; statistical models
Abstract:
... Best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) is the method primarily used for genetic evaluation in animal and forest species breeding. The objective was to present theory and application of BLUP in family selection. Statistical models aim to predict the breeding values of parents of half-sib and inbred families and the individual or average additive values of parents of full-sib families. We analyzed t ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0153

2. Characterization of a New Green-Revertible Albino Mutant in Rice

Author:
Liquan Wu; Ruiqing Li; Qingyao Shu; Haijun Zhao; Dianxing Wu; Juan Li; Rongfu Wang
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2706-2715
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Oryza sativa; albino; chlorophyll; chloroplasts; chromosomes; gamma radiation; genes; haplotypes; irradiation; leaves; microsatellite repeats; mutants; rice; seedlings; tissue culture
Abstract:
... The rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutant G₉, isolated from ‘Guangzhan63S’ exposed to ⁶⁰Co γ irradiation in combination with in vitro tissue culture, exhibits albino and growth stage-dependent green-revertible phenotypes. The albino phenotype was observed in the mutant seedlings up to the fourth leaf (L4) stage, and then the seedlings entered into a transit period when old and newly extended leaves gradua ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.01.0008

3. A Compensating Wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium Robertsonian Translocation Conferring Resistance to Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus and Triticum Mosaic Virus

Author:
W. Liu; D. L. Seifers; L. L. Qi; B. Friebe; B. S. Gill
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2382-2390
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; Triticum mosaic virus; Wheat streak mosaic virus; chromosome number; chromosome translocation; chromosomes; cultivars; genes; genetic markers; homozygosity; in situ hybridization; wheat; Great Plains region; North America
Abstract:
... Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), is a potentially devastating disease of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Great Plains of North America. So far, two genes conferring resistance to WSMV have been named and used in cultivar improvement. Here we report a new source of resistance that was derived from a wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey ditelosomic addition line con ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0118

4. Confirmation of QTL Reducing Aflatoxin in Maize Testcrosses

Author:
K. L. Mayfield; S. C. Murray; W. L. Rooney; T. Isakeit; G. A. Odvody
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2489-2498
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Aspergillus flavus; Zea mays; aflatoxins; agronomic traits; chromosomes; corn; flowering; fungi; heritability; hybrids; inbred lines; oils; quantitative trait loci; starch; testcrosses
Abstract:
... Aflatoxins, produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus Link:Fr, constrain maize (Zea mays) production in some regions. Difficulties in breeding resistance to this toxin make it a good target for quantitative trait locus (QTL) identification and molecular-assisted breeding. Multiple QTL have been identified for aflatoxin resistance in inbred lines per se; however, it has not been determined if aflat ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.02.0112

5. Evaluating a Germplasm Collection of the Cover Crop Hairy Vetch for Use in Sustainable Farming Systems

Author:
Jude Maul; Steven Mirsky; Sarah Emche; Thomas Devine
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2615-2625
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
USDA; Vicia villosa; amplified fragment length polymorphism; breeding; climatic factors; cover crops; cultivars; farmers; farming systems; flowering; genetic markers; genetic variation; genotype; germplasm; phenotype; provenance; sustainable agriculture; winter hardiness
Abstract:
... Understanding the association between genotype and agronomically important phenotypes (early flowering, hard seed, and winter hardiness) will facilitate cultivar selection and inform breeding programs concerned with the cover crop hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth). We used molecular, observational, and biochemical techniques to identify and evaluate 64 accessions of hairy vetch that originated thro ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0561

6. Flaccidgrass Forage Mass and Canopy Characteristics Related to Steer Digesta Kinetics and Intake

Author:
J.C. Burns; D.S. Fisher; K.R. Pond
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2895-2903
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Pennisetum flaccidum; body weight; canopy; defoliation; diet; digesta; dry matter intake; forage; grazing; leaves; neutral detergent fiber; pastures; regrowth; steers; warm season grasses
Abstract:
... ‘Carostan’ flaccidgrass (Pennisetum flaccidum Griseb.) has potential as a perennial, warm-season grass for pastures. This 2-yr study examined digesta kinetics, dry matter intake (DMI), and diet of steers as related to canopy characteristics. Steers (Bos taurus L.) were continuously and variably stocked at canopy heights of Short (15 to 20 cm), Medium (30 to 40 cm), and Tall (45 to 55 cm) with fora ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.05.0284

7. Genetic Similarity Analysis in Lentil Using Cross-Genera Legume Sequence Tagged Microsatellite Site Markers

Author:
Subhojit Datta; Saurabh Tiwari; Mayank Kaashyap; Prasoon P. Gupta; Partha R. Choudhury; Jyoti Kumari; Shiv Kumar
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2412-2422
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Lens culinaris; alleles; crops; cultivars; genetic markers; genetic variation; germplasm; lentils; loci; microsatellite repeats
Abstract:
... Molecular markers have emerged as useful tools to assess the genetic diversity across crops. In lentil, molecular markers are limited. The objective of the study was to explore cross-genera transferability of sequence tagged microsatellite site (STMS) markers from related legumes and assess their utility in lentils. Thirty lentil (Lens culinaris Medik. subsp. culinaris) accessions were evaluated f ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2010.12.0743

8. Genomic Selection Accuracy for Grain Quality Traits in Biparental Wheat Populations

Author:
Elliot L. Heffner; Jean-Luc Jannink; Hiroyoshi Iwata; Edward Souza; Mark E. Sorrells
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2597-2606
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; accuracy; genetic improvement; genetic markers; genomics; genotyping; marker-assisted selection; phenotype; plant breeding; population size; prediction; quantitative trait loci; quantitative traits; winter wheat
Abstract:
... Genomic selection (GS) is a promising tool for plant and animal breeding that uses genome-wide molecular marker data to capture small and large effect quantitative trait loci and predict the genetic value of selection candidates. Genomic selection has been shown previously to have higher prediction accuracies than conventional marker-assisted selection (MAS) for quantitative traits. In this study, ...
Handle:
10113/56270
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.05.0253

9. Identifying Soybean Traits of Interest for Weed Competition

Author:
George T. Place; S. Chris Reberg-Horton*; David A. Dickey; Thomas E. Carter
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2642-2654
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Glycine max; biomass production; crop-weed competition; cultivars; experimental design; forage; genetic traits; genotype; models; natto; soybeans; tofu; weed control; weeds
Abstract:
... Organic soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] producers rely on a variety of tactics for weed management. The use of soybean cultivars with enhanced ability to compete with weeds may increase weed control. Our objective was to identify genetic traits that may enhance soybean's competitive ability to suppress weeds. Experimental design was a split-split plot with sets of contrasting soybean genotypes as ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2010.11.0654

10. Image-Assisted Gap Estimation, a Simple Method for Measuring Grapevine Leaf Canopy Density

Author:
G. N. Hill; R. M. Beresford; P. N. Wood; K. S. Kim; P. J. Wright
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2801-2808
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Vitis vinifera; canopy; computer software; disease control; equipment; image analysis; leaves; plastics; risk; vines; vineyards; New Zealand
Abstract:
... This study compared an image analysis method of leaf canopy density measurement, image-assisted gap estimation (ImAGE), with the commonly used point quadrat (PQ) analysis. For ImAGE, a blue background (plastic tarpaulin) was placed behind the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) row and digitally photographed and the image was analyzed using application-specific software to calculate the area ratio of ba ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.01.0017

11. Increasing Maize Productivity in China by Planting Hybrids with Germplasm that Responds Favorably to Higher Planting Densities

Author:
Yu Li; Xinglin Ma; Tianyu Wang; Yongxiao Li; Cheng Liu; Zhizhai Liu; Baocheng Sun; Yunsu Shi; Yanchun Song; Mario Carlone; David Bubeck; Hans Bhardwaj; David Whitaker; William Wilson; Elizabeth Jones; Kevin Wright; Shuku Sun; William Niebur; Stephen Smith
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2391-2400
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays; breeding; corn; genetic improvement; germplasm; hybrids; pedigree; planting; China; United States
Abstract:
... We compared yield, genetic gain, and morphology for two sets of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids using yield test plots grown in China at different planting densities. One set comprised 29 Chinese maize hybrids that were individually widely grown in China during 1964 through 2001. A second set comprised U.S. hybrids that were used either during the 1960s or during the 2000s. The U.S. hybrids had higher ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0148

12. Inheritances of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in a Cross Involving Local and Exotic Durum Wheat Cultivars

Author:
M. M. Fakhfakh; A. Yahyaoui; S. Rezgui; E. M. Elias; A. Daaloul
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2517-2524
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Fusarium head blight; Triticum turgidum subsp. durum; additive effect; cross resistance; cultivars; durum wheat; epistasis; genes; greenhouses; heritability; inflorescences; landraces; seeds; variance; North Dakota; Tunisia
Abstract:
... Fusarium head blight (FHB) has recently become a major disease in durum wheat {Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn. [syn. Triticum turgidum L. var. durum (Desf.) Bowden]} in Tunisia. Although partial resistance to FHB is found in durum wheat landraces, little is known about resistance genes and their effectiveness. The objective of this research was to evaluate potential resistance or t ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0140

13. Integrating Phenotypic Evaluations with a Molecular Diversity Assessment of a Brazilian Collection of Common Bean Landraces

Author:
Marília Lobo Burle; Jaime Roberto Fonseca; Maria José del Peloso; Leonardo Cunha Melo; Steve R. Temple; Paul Gepts
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2668-2680
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Phaseolus vulgaris; agronomic traits; beans; blight; disease resistance; genetic variation; humans; landraces; markets; microsatellite repeats; rust diseases; Brazil; California
Abstract:
... Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important legume crop for direct human consumption in Brazil. Overall patterns of genetic diversity of common bean in the country are not well understood. Hence, this study sought to integrate morphological and agronomic evaluations with prior molecular diversity data from a geo-referenced collection of Brazilian common bean. Our sample included 279 ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2010.12.0710

14. Methods of Assessing Bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon] Responses to HPPD-Inhibiting Herbicides

Author:
M. T. Elmore; J. T. Brosnan; D. A. Kopsell; G. K. Breeden
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2840-2845
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cynodon dactylon; biosynthesis; bleaching; carotenoids; chlorophyll; fluorescence; herbicidal properties; high performance liquid chromatography; leaves; linear models; mesotrione; tembotrione; topramezone
Abstract:
... Mesotrione, topramezone, and tembotrione inhibit 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), an enzyme integral to carotenoid biosynthesis. Research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of visual bleaching and chlorophyll fluorescence yield (Fᵥ/Fₘ) measurements for estimating common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations following mesotrione (0.28, 0 ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2010.11.0656

15. Mineral Concentration of Broccoli Florets in Relation to Year of Cultivar Release

Author:
Mark W. Farnham; Anthony P. Keinath; Michael A. Grusak
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2721-2727
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Brassica oleracea; Environmental Quality Incentives Program; broccoli; calcium; copper; correlation; cultivars; diet; field experimentation; florets; iron; magnesium; manganese; mineral content; minerals; molybdenum; nutrient content; phenotype; plant breeding; sodium; spectroscopy; vegetable crops; zinc; United States
Abstract:
... It has been proposed that crop improvement through directed plant breeding has resulted in decreases in nutrient concentrations of harvested components over time. A few field studies wherein cultivars released over a period of years are evaluated for nutrient content provide the best evidence for nutrient changes over time; however, no such studies have been conducted with vegetable crops. To acco ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0556

16. Molecular Analysis of Mutant Alleles for Elevated Palmitate Concentration in Soybean

Author:
Brian D. De Vries; Walter R. Fehr; Grace A. Welke; Ralph E. Dewey
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2554-2560
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
DNA; Glycine max; alleles; amino acids; industrial applications; mutagenesis; mutants; oils; phenotype; sequence analysis; single nucleotide polymorphism; soybeans
Abstract:
... Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil with increased palmitate concentration may be useful for some food and industrial applications. Chemical mutagenesis was used to develop mutant alleles for elevated palmitate concentration that were designated as fap2(A21), fap4(A24), fap5(A27), fap6(A25), and fap7(A30) based on classical genetic analysis. The objective of our study was to determine whether the ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0156

17. Multiple-Line Cross Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping in European Elite Maize

Author:
Jana Steinhoff; Wenxin Liu; Hans Peter Maurer; Tobias Würschum; H. Longin C. Friedrich; Nicolas Ranc; Jochen C. Reif
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2505-2516
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays; alleles; corn; genotype; germplasm; grain yield; models; parents; quantitative trait loci; single nucleotide polymorphism; testcrosses
Abstract:
... Multiple-line cross quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping is considered a promising tool to detect QTL with high power and substantial accuracy. The main goal of this study was to investigate the benefits of combined QTL analysis by applying two biometrical models compared to single-population analyses. For the combined QTL analysis we used a biometrical model that assumes allele substitution eff ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.03.0181

18. Natural Hybrids and Gene Flow between Upland and Lowland Switchgrass

Author:
Yunwei Zhang; Juan Zalapa; Andrew R. Jakubowski; David L. Price; Ananta Acharya; Yanling Wei; E. Charles Brummer; Shawn M. Kaeppler; Michael D. Casler
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2626-2641
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Panicum virgatum; center of diversity; chloroplast DNA; coasts; ecotypes; gene flow; genetic markers; highlands; hybrids; indigenous species; interspecific hybridization; lowlands; microsatellite repeats; sequence analysis
Abstract:
... Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a perennial grass native to the North American tallgrass prairie and savanna habitats and is broadly adapted to the central and eastern United States. Upland and lowland ecotypes represent the two major taxa within switchgrass, which have distinct but overlapping distributions. The purpose of this study was to survey a broad array of putative upland and lowland ...
Handle:
10113/56377
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.02.0104

19. The Nitrogen Adaptation Strategy of the Wild Teosinte Ancestor of Modern Maize, Zea mays subsp. parviglumis

Author:
Amelie C.M. Gaudin; Sarah A. McClymont; Manish N. Raizada
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2780-2795
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays subsp. parviglumis; ancestry; biomass; corn; domestication; genetic improvement; leaves; nitrates; nitrogen; nitrogen content; plant response; root crown; root hairs; shoots; tillering; transporters
Abstract:
... Examination of wild ancestors can identify which traits have been altered by selection as possible targets for genetic improvement. We investigated the whole plant response to low nitrogen (LN), especially below ground, by the wild ancestor of modern maize (Zea mays L.), Balsas teosinte (Zea mays subsp. parviglumis H. H. Iltis & Doebley). Teosinte responded to LN by reducing the shoot N concentrat ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2010.12.0686

20. On Estimation of Genotypic Correlations and Their Standard Errors by Multivariate REML using the MIXED Procedure of the SAS System

Author:
Hans-Peter Piepho; Jens Möhring
Source:
Crop science 2011 v.51 no.6 pp. 2449-2454
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
phenotypic correlation; plant breeding; prediction; statistical models; variance
Abstract:
... This paper explains a simple strategy to develop code for multivariate (multitrait) mixed-model analysis using the MIXED procedure of the SAS System, when the corresponding univariate model has a simple variance components form. Such models are needed for estimating genotypic and phenotypic correlation among traits in plant breeding experiments, and they provide best linear unbiased predictions (B ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2011.02.0088