U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Https

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Journal name Crop science Remove constraint Journal name: Crop science Publication year rev 7998-2002 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 7998-2002 Source 2002 v.42 no.6 Remove constraint Source: 2002 v.42 no.6
Start Over

Search

122  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 20 of 122 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation of Switchgrass

Author:
M. N. Somleva; Z. Tomaszewski; B. V. Conger
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2080-2087
ISSN:
1435-0653
Subject:
Panicum virgatum; genetic transformation; transgenic plants; Agrobacterium radiobacter; plasmid vectors; explants; genotype; reporter genes; strains; beta-glucuronidase; acetosyringone
Abstract:
... Although has been successfully used to transfer genes to a wide range of plant species, it has received little attention for transformation of forage grasses. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to demonstrate -mediated transformation of switchgrass (L.). The strain AGL 1 carrying the binary vector pDM805, coding for the phosphinothricin acetyltransferase () and β-glucuronidase () ge ...
Handle:
10113/11433
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.2080

2. Changes in membrane polar lipid fatty acids of seashore paspalum in response to low temperature exposure

Author:
Cyril, J.; Powell, G.L.; Duncan, R.R.; Baird, W.V.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2031-2037
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
cultivars; Paspalum vaginatum; air temperature; unsaturated fatty acids; light intensity; cell membranes; genotype; abiotic stress; cold tolerance
Abstract:
... Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Sw.) is a warm-season turfgrass, best known for its superior salt tolerance. Plants are subject to injury during winter conditions along the northern boundary of their zone of adaptation. New cultivars that are more tolerant to low temperatures are needed for use in the transition zone. Cold tolerance has been correlated with the degree of unsaturation in memb ...

3. Combining cytoplasmic male sterility and xenia increases grain yield of maize hybrids

Author:
Weingartner, U.; Kaeser, O.; Long, M.; Stamp, P.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 1848-1856
ISSN:
1435-0653
Subject:
Zea mays; cytoplasmic male sterility; crop yield; open pollination; pollinators; cross pollination; genotype-environment interaction; hybrids; seed productivity; Switzerland
Abstract:
... Male sterility is documented in many plant species. When a plant is male-sterile, an open pollination by a genetically diverse pollinator is possible. This study investigates the combined effects of nonrestored cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and xenia (cross-pollination) on the grain yield of seven European flint x dent single-cross maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. Open pollinated field experiments ...

4. Cultivar and environment effects on annual ryegrass forage yield, yield distribution, and nutritive value

Author:
Redfearn, D.D.; Venuto, B.C.; Pitman, W.D.; Alison, M.W.; Ward, J.D.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2049-2054
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Lolium multiflorum; cultivars; crop yield; nutritive value; dry matter accumulation; genetic variation; harvest date; crude protein; in vitro digestibility; dietary fiber; Louisiana
Abstract:
... Differences among annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) cultivars for weight gain of grazing steers have been reported, even though plot experiments suggest that forage dry matter yield among cultivars should not be a limiting factor. Likewise, forage nutritive value differences among cultivars have not been assessed. The objectives of this research were to evaluate differences in cumulative f ...

5. Developing a mini core of peanut for utilization of genetic resources

Author:
Upadhyaya, H.D.; Bramel, P.J.; Ortiz, R.; Singh, S.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2150-2156
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
agricultural programs and projects; plant breeding; peanuts; Arachis hypogaea; plant genetic resources; germplasm; cultivars; genetic variation; costs and returns; gene banks
Abstract:
... Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) breeding programs with a goal of rapid cultivar development have used mainly elite breeding lines and cultivars, which has resulted in the development of breeding materials with a narrow genetic base. Utilization of exotic germplasm resources in breeding programs is needed to enhance the diversity of cultivars. Scientific plant breeding and its need for large variabili ...

6. Development of Dominant Rice Blast Pi-ta Resistance Gene Markers

Author:
Yulin Jia; Zhonghua Wang; Pratibha Singh
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2145-2149
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Oryza sativa; Magnaporthe grisea; disease resistance; genetic resistance; genetic markers; introgression; cultivars; polymerase chain reaction; nucleotide sequences; amino acid sequences
Abstract:
... Incorporation of resistance genes into existing rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars is a powerful strategy and is commonly applied in breeding rice resistance to blast disease [caused by Pyricularia grisea Sacc. = P. oryzae Cavara (teleomorph: Magnaporthe grisea (Hebert) Barr)]. The rice blast resistance gene, Pi-ta, originally introgressed into japonica from indica rice is important in breeding for ...
Handle:
10113/11435
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.2145

7. Development of a Visual Method to Quantify the Gossypol Content in Cotton Seeds

Author:
H. Benbouza; G. Lognay; R. Palm; JP. Baudoin; G. Mergeai
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 1937-1942
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Gossypium; allotetraploidy; backcrossing; breeding programs; cotton; cottonseed; genotype; gossypol; hybrids; interspecific hybridization; models; progeny; regression analysis; seeds
Abstract:
... Twelve Gossypium genotypes (species, fertile interspecific allotetraploid and allohexaploid hybrids, backcross progeny of interspecific hybrids) characterized by drastic differences in their seed gossypol content were used to design a visual quantification method of the gossypol concentration in cotton seeds. After developing an high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method that allowed mea ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.1937

8. Dimensions of Diversity in Modern Spring Bread Wheat in Developing Countries from 1965

Author:
M. Smale; M. P. Reynolds; M. Warburton; B. Skovmand; R. Trethowan; R. P. Singh; I. Ortiz-Monasterio; J. Crossa
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 1766-1779
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; cultivars; developing countries; food production; genetic distance; genetic variation; spring wheat
Abstract:
... Diverse and varied crop genetic resources are necessary (though not sufficient) for adequate food production in a rapidly changing world. Since the scientific community first raised public concern several decades ago, modern cultivars have been viewed as the cause of declining diversity in the world's crop genetic resources. This paper tests the hypothesis of increasing genetic uniformity in moder ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.1766

9. Effect of Priming Temperature on Storability of Primed sh-2 Sweet Corn Seed

Author:
K. Y. Chiu; C. L. Chen; J. M. Sung
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 1996-2003
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays; air drying; antioxidant activity; crops; genes; germination; lipid peroxidation; longevity; seed longevity; seedling growth; seeds; solid matrix priming; storage quality; storage temperature; sweetcorn; vermiculite; viability; vigor; water content
Abstract:
... Priming offers a means to raise seed performance in many crop species, but the longevity of primed seed is generally decreased. The exact causes of the more rapid deterioration of primed seed are still not established. This study evaluated the effects of priming and storage temperatures on germination and antioxidative activities of sweet corn seed (Zea mays L.) carrying the shrunken-2 (sh-2) gene ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.1996

10. Embryo Drying Rates during the Acquisition of Desiccation Tolerance in Maize Seed

Author:
Leobigildo Cordova-Tellez; Joseph S. Burris
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 1989-1995
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays; air flow; corn; drought tolerance; drying; fluidized beds; seed germination; seed quality; solutes; vigor; water content
Abstract:
... Maize (Zea mays L.) seed quality is often reduced because of drying injury, although the causes and impairment mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated changes in embryo drying rates and their effect on the acquisition of desiccation tolerance in maize seed. Ears of hybrid maize [B73 × (H99 × H95)] were harvested at about 550, 500, 400, and 320 g H₂O kg⁻¹ fresh weight (fw) ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.1989

11. Genetic Distance among Selected Cotton Genotypes and Its Relationship with F2 Performance

Author:
O. A. Gutiérrez; S. Basu; S. Saha; J. N. Jenkins; D. B. Shoemaker; C. L. Cheatham; J. C. McCarty
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 1841-1847
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; genetic distance; progeny; genetic improvement; genetic markers; microsatellite repeats; genetic variation; genotype; hybrids; population; Mississippi
Abstract:
... Knowledge of genetic diversity and relationships among breeding materials has a significant impact on crop improvement. Association between parental divergence and progeny performance has not been well documented in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic diversity among selected cotton genotypes on the basis of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, an ...
Handle:
10113/2840
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.1841

12. Inheritance of Fertility Restoration for Two Cytoplasmic Male Sterility Sources of Helianthus pauciflorus (rigidus) Nutt.

Author:
C. C. Jan; T. X. Zhang; J. F. Miller; G. N. Fick
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 1873-1875
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
cytoplasmic male sterility; Helianthus annuus; perennials; vigor; fecundity; cytoplasm; genetic variation; inheritance (genetics); self-pollination
Abstract:
... New sources of cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) and fertility restoration genes would reduce the genetic vulnerability of commercial sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids because of the current use of a single male sterile H. petiolaris Nutt. cytoplasm and a few fertility restoration genes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the inheritance of fertility restoration, to compare the cy ...
Handle:
10113/11427
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.1873

13. Inheritance of Medium Stearic Acid Content in the Seed Oil of a Sunflower Mutant CAS-4

Author:
Begoña Pérez-Vich; Rafael Garcés; Jose María Fernández-Martínez
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 1806-1811
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Helianthus annuus; alleles; crossing; environmental impact; fatty acid composition; foods; genotype; inheritance (genetics); loci; models; mutagenesis; mutants; parents; seed oils; seeds; stearic acid
Abstract:
... The sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) line CAS-4 obtained by mutagenesis has an increased stearic acid (C18:0) content in its seed oil (130 g kg⁻¹), which is desired for some food products. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) the inheritance of medium C18:0 content in CAS-4, (ii) the relationship between CAS-4 and the high C18:0 mutant CAS-3, and (iii) if recombinants with higher C18 ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.1806

14. Mapping and Progress toward Map-Based Cloning of Brown Planthopper Biotype-4 Resistance Gene Introgressed from Oryza officinalis into Cultivated Rice, O. sativa

Author:
K. Renganayaki; Allan K. Fritz; S. Sadasivam; Sujata Pammi; Sandra E. Harrington; Susan R. McCouch; S. Mohan Kumar; Avutu Sam Reddy
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2112-2117
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Nilaparvata lugens; Oryza officinalis; Oryza sativa; Rice grassy stunt virus; Rice ragged stunt virus; doubled haploids; inbred lines; insect pests; introgression; loci; marker-assisted selection; molecular cloning; random amplified polymorphic DNA technique; resistance genes; rice; Asia
Abstract:
... Brown plant hopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.), is a serious insect pest of rice in Asia, causing direct losses and vectoring Rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV) and Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV). Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between ‘IR50’ and ‘IR54745-2-21-12-17-6’ were used to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers closely linked to a BPH Biotype-4 ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.2112

15. Microsatellite repeats in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): isolation, characterization, and cross-species amplification in Phaseolus ssp

Author:
Gaitan-Solis, E.; Duque, M.C.; Edwards, K.J.; Tohme, J.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2128-2136
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
microsatellite repeats; alleles; loci; wild plants; Phaseolus vulgaris; chromosome mapping; genotype; genetic variation; genetic polymorphism; genetic markers
Abstract:
... Phaseolus beans are distributed worldwide and are cultivated in the tropics, subtropics, and temperate zones. The common bean is the most important grain legume for direct human consumption in the world. The objectives of this study were to isolate microsatellite repeats and to establish their discriminatory power (D(L)) to be used in bean diversity characterization and mapping. We isolated, clone ...

16. Modified Rapid DNA Extraction Protocol for High Throughput Microsatellite Analysis in Wheat

Author:
Kristi L. Hill-Ambroz; Gina L. Brown-Guedira; John P. Fellers
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2088-2091
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
seed germination; cultivars; microsatellite repeats; economic analysis; seeds; seedlings; DNA; Triticum aestivum; genetic markers
Abstract:
... New technology is allowing marker-assisted selection to fulfill the promise of increasing efficiency of cultivar development. However, these techniques depend upon the ability to extract DNA from large populations of plants. The objective of this project was to develop a high-throughput DNA extraction procedure without the need for greenhouse space or growing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. A ...
Handle:
10113/11434
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci2002.2088

17. Molecular breeding for the development of blast and bacterial blight resistance in rice cv. IR50

Author:
Narayanan, N.N.; Baisakh, N.; Vera Cruz, C.M.; Gnanamanickam, S.S.; Datta, K.; Datta, S.K.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2072-2079
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
bacteria; Oryza sativa; Magnaporthe grisea; Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae; plant breeding; disease resistance; genetic markers; genetic transformation; genetic resistance; genes; fungal diseases of plants; artificial selection; inheritance (genetics)
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to improve IR50, an elite Indica rice line, by molecular breeding approach involving marker-aided selection (MAS) and genetic transformation for resistance against blast (BL) and bacterial blight (BB). On the basis of BL pathogen population dynamics and lineage exclusion assays in southern India, the major BL resistance gene Piz-5 can exclude most Pyricularia grisea ...

18. Nitrogen application and critical shoot nitrogen concentration for optimum grain and seed protein yield of pearl millet

Author:
Kennedy, C.; Bell, P.; Caldwell, D.; Habetz, B.; Rabb, J.; Alison, M.A.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 1966-1973
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Pennisetum glaucum; nitrogen; shoots; nitrogen content; protein content; crop yield; field experimentation; nutrient availability; developmental stages; application rate; seed productivity; ammonium nitrate; Louisiana
Abstract:
... Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (R) Br.] is a promising alternative grain crop for the Southeast and mid-South regions of the USA, but additional N fertility information is needed to optimize its production. Identification of a critical tissue N level at early growth stages is necessary to determine the need for subsequent applications of N. Field experiments were conducted to determine the respo ...

19. OTL mapping of partial resistance to field epidemics of ascochyta blight of pea

Author:
Timmerman-Vaughan, G.M.; Frew, T.J.; Russell, A.C.; Khan, T.; Butler, R.; Gilpin, M.; Murray, S.; Falloon, K.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2100-2111
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Pisum sativum; Mycosphaerella pinodes; Ascochyta pisi; Phoma medicaginis; disease resistance; genetic resistance; loci; quantitative traits; genetic markers; chromosome mapping; fungal diseases of plants; linkage (genetics); Western Australia
Abstract:
... Ascochyta blight of pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a fungal disease caused by Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk. & Bloxham) Verstergren, Phoma medicaginis Malbr. & Roum. var. pinodella (L.K. Jones) Boerema, and Ascochyta pisi Lib. that can result in significant reductions to pea yield and quality. To characterize the genetics of resistance and to identify molecular markers for use in plant breeding, quantit ...

20. Phosphorus uptake and concentration of timothy genotypes under varying N applications

Author:
Belanger, G.; Bregard, A.; Michaud, R.
Source:
Crop science 2002 v.42 no.6 pp. 2044-2048
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
phosphorus; nutrient uptake; leaves; stems; forage; biomass; weight; yields; nitrogen; genotype
Abstract:
... Improving P uptake in timothy (Phleum pratense L.) would reduce excess soil phosphate while producing forage with greater P nutritional value. A strong relationship exists between N and P concentration in plants, and we hypothesized that genotypes characterized for contrasting N concentration or uptake may also exhibit contrasting P concentration and uptake. Two timothy populations derived from di ...