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You searched for: Journal name Crop science Remove constraint Journal name: Crop science Publication year rev 8003-1997 Remove constraint Publication year rev: 8003-1997 Source 1997 v.37 no.3 Remove constraint Source: 1997 v.37 no.3
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1. Apospory-Linked Molecular Markers in Buffelgrass

Author:
D. L. Gustine; R. T. Sherwood; D. R. Huff
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 947-951
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Cenchrus ciliaris; apomixis; genetic markers; chromosome mapping; random amplified polymorphic DNA technique
Abstract:
... Isolation of a gene controlling apomixis would be useful to plant breeders for fixing hybrid vigor. A single gene encodes for aposporous apomixis in buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare L. Link), which is inherited in a autotetraploid fashion. Only two molecular markers linked to the gene are known: C04-600, a RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) and UGT197-144, an STS (sequence-tagged site). The ob ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030040x

2. Association of Loci Underlying Field Resistance to Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome (SDS) and Cyst Nematode (SCN) Race 3

Author:
S. J. C. Chang; T. W. Doubler; V. Y. Kilo; J. Abu-Thredeih; R. Prabhu; V. Freire; R. Suttner; J. Klein; M. E. Schmidt; P. T. Gibson; D. A. Lightfoot
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 965-971
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Heterodera glycines; cultivars; Glycine max; random amplified polymorphic DNA technique; loci; crossing; genetic markers; chromosome mapping; disease resistance; linkage (genetics); Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli
Abstract:
... Coinheritance of field resistance of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] to sudden death syndrome (SDS) [caused by the fungus Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f. sp. phaseoli (Burk.) Snyd. & Hans.] and soybean cyst nematode (SCN) race 3 (caused by Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) sometimes occurs in crosses among adapted cultivars. Our objective was to characterize the loci underlying this coinheritance. O ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030044x

3. Base Temperature and Growing-Degree-Hour Requirements for the Emergence of Canola

Author:
Merle F. Vigil; R. L. Anderson; W. E. Beard
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 844-849
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
planting date; cultivars; seed germination; soil temperature; Brassica napus; Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera; heat sums
Abstract:
... Spring canola (Brassica napus L. and B. rapa L.) is sometimes planted when soil temperatures are below the optimum, causing farmers to have stand losses because of seed rotting in cold soil. Knowledge of the growing-degree hours (GDH) required for emergence of canola from different planting depths could help producers decide when and how deep to plant this crop. Our objectives were to quantify the ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030025x

4. Branch Yield Components Controlling Soybean Yield Stability across Plant Populations

Author:
A. C. Carpenter; J. E. Board
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 885-891
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
cultivars; Glycine max; stems; plant density; yield components; pods; Louisiana
Abstract:
... Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] optimizes yield over a broad range of plant populations, but mechanisms responsible for compensation have not been fully elucidated. Identification of these factors would help in selecting cultivars-genotypes having low optimal plant populations (minimal plant population required for best yield) and provide agronomists and farmers with indicators of optimal plant p ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030031x

5. CIMMYT's Genetic Progress in Wheat Grain Quality under Four Nitrogen Rates

Author:
J. I. Ortiz-Monasterio R.; R. J. Peñna; K. D. Sayre; S. Rajaram
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 892-898
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
germplasm releases; cultivars; volume; gluten; genetic improvement; wheat; mechanical properties; crop yield; Triticum aestivum; wheat protein; protein content; breads; nitrogen fertilizers
Abstract:
... Wheat (L.) breeders often try to simultaneously improve grain yield and bread-making quality. This study examined changes in CIMMYT's wheat germplasm with respect to grain protein concentration (GPC)- and grain protein quality (GPQ)-related parameters and assessed the importance of these parameters in determining bread-making quality, when wheat cultivars were grown with 0, 75, 150, or 300 kg N ha ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030032x

6. Classifying Mexican Maize Accessions Using Hierarchical and Density Search Methods

Author:
Jorge Franco; José Crossa; José Villaseñor; S. Taba; Steve A. Eberhart
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 972-980
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays; genetic variation; classification; plant genetic resources; gene banks; agronomic traits; plant morphology; statistical analysis; Mexico
Abstract:
... Cluster analysis is commonly used for studying genetic diversity. Problems with hierarchical cluster analysis include how to combine different types of variables (discrete and continuous), choosing distance measurements, applying an appropriate clustering strategy, designating the optimal number of clusters, and identifying variables with significant discriminatory power. Hierarchical clustering m ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030045x

7. Comparison of Morphological Development Indexes for Switchgrass and Bermudagrass

Author:
M. A. Sanderson; C. P. West; K. J. Moore; J. Stroup; J. Moravec
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 871-878
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Panicum virgatum; Cynodon dactylon; plant development; cultivars; tillers; plant morphology; rain; air temperature; Texas; Iowa
Abstract:
... In 1994, the Crop Science Society of America (CSSA) appointed an ad hoc committee to study various developmental indexes for crops. As part of this committee's activity, our objective was to compare three developmental indexes for use with switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and two indexes for use with bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers]. Two cultivars of switchgrass (Alamo and Cave-in-Rook a ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030029x

8. Correlated Responses in Ear and Plant Traits in Maize Synthetics Selected for R-nj Color Expression

Author:
A. S. P. Nguetta; H. Z. Cross
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 739-744
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
filling period; leaf area; early development; rats; synthetic populations; strain differences; color; corn ears; length; weight; photosynthesis; plant vascular system; grains; translocation (plant physiology); photosynthates; width; North Dakota
Abstract:
... Maize (Zea mays L.) cobs contain vascular tissue that supports grain yield. We wanted to learn if rate of grain filling or carbohydrate source (leaf area) are related to early ear and cob development. studied substrains (known to differ in grain-filling rates) derived from two early- (NDSF, NDSM), two intermediate- (NDSC, NDSD), one late-maturing (NDSE) synthetics. These five synthetics were each ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030008x

9. Cotton Leaf Age, Epicuticular Wax, and Nitrogen-15 Absorption

Author:
Bhaskar R. Bondada; Derrick M. Oosterhuis; Richard J. Norman
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 807-811
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; foliar application; nitrogen; nitrogen fertilizers; leaves; age; waxes; bolls; seeds; lint cotton; ontogeny; nutrient uptake; translocation (plant physiology); Arkansas
Abstract:
... Foliar N fertilization is sometimes used as a supplement to soil application in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production; however, information is lacking about the absorption of foliar-applied N in relation to leaf age and epicuticular wax. A 2-yr field study was conducted to examine the effect of leaf age and epicuticular wax on foliar-applied ¹⁵N-urea absorption and subsequent distribution with ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030019x

10. Direct Classification and Selection of Superior Alleles for Crop Improvement

Author:
Mark E. Sorrells; William A. Wilson
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 691-697
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
germplasm; alleles; loci; genetic improvement; chromosome mapping; plant genetic resources; genetic markers
Abstract:
... The use of conventional breeding methods has resulted in consistent crop improvement within the cultivated gene pool by producing genotypes with new combinations of alleles that produce better phenotypes than either of the parents (transgressive segregation). Biotechnology has provided new methods to generate, identify, characterize, and manipulate genetic variation. Among these methods, marker as ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030001x

11. Effect of Repeated Fungicide Applications on Creeping Bentgrass Turf

Author:
Zachary J. Reicher; Clark S. Throssell
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 910-915
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
chlorothalonil; weight; plant residues; application methods; carbohydrates; adverse effects; propiconazole; frequency; Monographella nivalis; seasonal variation; solubility; color; benomyl; earthworms; rooting; iprodione; Agrostis stolonifera var. palustris; Indiana
Abstract:
... Though fungicides are regularly applied to creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) turf throughout a growing season, little is known about possible non-target effects of these applications on turfgrass growth and metabolism. The objective of this field study was to determine the effect of 3 yr of multiple applications of fungicides to ‘Penncross’ creeping bentgrass maintained under putting g ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030035x

12. Floral Bud Removal from Specific Fruiting Positions in Cotton: Yield and Fiber Quality

Author:
J. J. Heitholt
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 826-832
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; lint cotton; buds; bolls; crop yield; fiber quality; solar radiation; rain; irrigation; heat sums; plant development; Mississippi
Abstract:
... Lint from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) bolls produced on proximal fruiting positions (FP) is often longer and more mature than lint from distal FP sites. The objective of this research was to quantify the effects of proximal or distal floral bud removal on yield, yield distribution, yield components, and fiber properties. Cotton (cv. Deltapine 5415) was grown in the field near Stoneville, MS, in ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030022x

13. Free-Air CO2 Enrichment Effects on Rate and Duration of Apical Development of Spring Wheat

Author:
Ai-Guo Li; Anthony Trent; Gerard W. Wall; Bruce A. Kimball; Yue-Sheng Hou; Paul J. Pinter; Richard L. Garcia; Douglas V. Hunsaker; Robert L. Lamorte
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 789-796
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
carbon dioxide; plant development; heat sums; flower primordia; Triticum aestivum; grains; tillers; leaf primordia
Abstract:
... Rates and durations of individual phases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) apical development are among the most important factors that determine yield components. Because atmospheric CO₂ has been increasing steadily, it is important to evaluate the effects of elevated CO₂ on wheat development. This study was conducted to determine rates and durations of leaf, spikelet, and floret primordium initiat ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030016x

14. Genotype by environment interaction for ear moisture loss rate in corn

Author:
Magari, R.; Kang, M.S.; Zhang, Y.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 774-779
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays; hybrids; corn ears; strain differences; early development; genetic stability; genotype-environment interaction; water content; wind speed; heritability; heat sums; Louisiana
Abstract:
... Corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids with rapid ear moisture loss rate (EMLR) are needed to reduce post-harvest production costs relative to artificial grain drying. Previous investigations indicated that genetic variation for grain dry-down rate exists; however, genotype by environment interaction (GEI) has not been specifically investigated. The objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate GEI for EMLR o ...

15. HONEY: A Microcomputer Program for Plant Selection and Analyses of the Honeycomb Designs

Author:
D. P. Batzios; D. G. Roupakias
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 744-747
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
crop yield
Abstract:
... Selection in honeycomb designs, as it has been applied until now, is time consuming, subject to errors, and very difficult to apply when selection pressure is strong. Thus, a QBASIC computer program called HONEY was developed for honeycomb plant selection and analyses. The user may enter and edit data using the program. The program prints the arrangement of entries for the honeycomb design. Using ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030009x

16. Heritability of Resistance to Web Blight in Five Common Bean Populations

Author:
C. A. Montoya; J. S. Beaver; R. Rodríguez; P. N. Miklas; G. Godoy-Lutz
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 780-783
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
hybrids; Thanatephorus cucumeris; Phaseolus vulgaris; varietal resistance; crossing; disease resistance; heritability; screening; infection; Dominican Republic; Puerto Rico
Abstract:
... Common bean (L.) production in the humid tropics would benefit from the selection of cultivars with greater levels of resistance to web blight, a devastating disease caused by Kühn. This will require screening techniques that are sensitive enough to detect moderate levels of resistance. Greenhouse experiments evaluated the effectiveness of a droplet inoculation technique for screening five F segre ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030014x

17. Hybrid Seed Production of Pearl Millet × Napiergrass Triploid Hybrids

Author:
R. V. Osgood; W. W. Hanna; T. L. Tew
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 998-999
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Pennisetum glaucum; forage; rain; Cenchrus purpureus; interspecific hybridization; Hawaii
Abstract:
... Pearl millet (PM), Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br., × napiergrass (NG), P. purpureum Schum., interspecific hybrids (PMN) have the potential to extend production of high quality forage into the late summer and fall in the USA. The objective of this study was to determine if interspecific hybrid seed could be produced on a commercial scale at Kunia, HI, and to identify production problems. Although on ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030049x

18. Leaf Appearance Rate and Final Leaf Number of Switchgrass Cultivars

Author:
G. A. Van Esbroeck; M. A. Hussey; M. A. Sanderson
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 864-870
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Panicum virgatum; cultivars; inflorescences; simulation models; stems; rain; air; heat sums; leaves; vegetative growth; Texas
Abstract:
... In switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), maximum yields occur with late flowering genotypes that have an extended duration of vegetative growth. However, little is known about the developmental basis for a long vegetative growth phase in perennial grasses. Studies were carried out on the leaf development of five switchgrass cultivars with varying flowering times (Cave-in-Rock, Caddo, Kanlow, NC2, and ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030028x

19. Leaf Photoassimilation and Partitioning in Stress-Tolerant Sorghum

Author:
C. Matt Sowder; Lee Tarpley; Donald M. Vietor; Frederick R. Miller
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 833-838
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
inflorescences; hybrids; flowering; nutrient transport; stems; glucose; sucrose; photosynthates; starch; translocation (plant physiology); water stress; grains; Sorghum bicolor; fructose; photosynthesis; leaves
Abstract:
... Previous attempts to relate variation in physiological measurements of carbon and water exchange to prettowering and postflowering tolerance to water stress in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench have yielded inconsistent results. The objective of this research was to compare physiological indicators of sorghum photoassimilation and partitioning among a prefiowering-tolerant line (Tx430), postflowering to ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030023x

20. Mapped Clone Sequences Detecting Differences among 28 North American Barley Cultivars

Author:
Lynn S. Dahleen
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.3 pp. 952-957
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
restriction fragment length polymorphism; cultivars; alleles; loci; phenotype; Hordeum vulgare; genetic improvement; agronomic traits; agricultural programs and projects; chromosome mapping; genotype; genetic variation; genetic markers
Abstract:
... Genetic linkage maps of molecular markers have been developed for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to aid development of improved barley cultivarso However, crosses between genetically diverse parents used to maximize polymorphism in map construction are not appropriate for use in breeding programs for cultivar development. The objective of this study was to determine whether the amount of genetic vari ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030041x