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You searched for: Journal Crop science Remove constraint Journal: Crop science Publication Year 1997 Remove constraint Publication Year: 1997 Source 1997 v.37 no.6 Remove constraint Source: 1997 v.37 no.6
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1. Agronomic and grain quality evaluations of Triticum aestivum X Aegilops tauschii backcross populations

Author:
Murphy, J.P.; Griffey, C.A.; Finney, P.L.; Leath, S.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1960-1965
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
height; plant characteristics; Aegilops; Triticum aestivum; intergeneric hybridization; alleles; agronomic traits; crop quality; crop yield; protein content; baking quality; selection criteria; backcrossing; North Carolina; Virginia
Abstract:
... Aegilops tauschii Coss., a diploid progenitor of common wheat, Triticum aestivum L., is a valuable source of pest resistance alleles. However, interspecific populations generated for pest-resistant germplasm development may contain beneficial alleles for other important traits. The objective of this research was to evaluate eight agronomic and grain quality traits in three soft red winter wheat x ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060047x

2. Agronomic performance of related durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) stocks possessing the chromosome substitution T1BL.1RS

Author:
Villareal, R.L.; Banuelos, O.; Mujeeb-Kazi, A.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1735-1740
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; germplasm; chromosome substitution; crop yield; Triticum turgidum; yield components; homozygosity; crossing; water stress; irrigation; biomass; seeds; filling period; harvest index; backcrossing; inflorescences; Mexico
Abstract:
... Comparisons of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasms provided evidence that the T1BL.1RS chromosome substitution enhances agronomic performance and, particularly, grain yield. There are no known reports of the effect of this translocation in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.), however. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the T1BL.1RS chromosome on grain yield, yield ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060010x

3. Association of fiber quality parameters and within-boll yield components in upland cotton

Author:
Smith, C.W.; Coyle, G.G.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1775-1779
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; lint cotton; fiber quality; length; crop yield; yield components; gene interaction; general combining ability; genotype; Texas
Abstract:
... Lint yield and fiber quality in upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., are interrelated through a series of individual components such as fiber length and the number of fibers produced on each seed. Numerous studies have reported the relationships among various components of yield and yield per unit land area, but none have reported on the relationships among the most basic within-boll yield compon ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060019x

4. Association of soybean genes I and T with low-temperature induced seed coat deterioration

Author:
Takahashi, R.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1755-1759
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Glycine max; cooling; flowering; abiotic stress; plant development; pigmentation; cultivars; testa
Abstract:
... Exposure of soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] to chilling temperatures (about 15 degrees C) at flowering (R3-R4 stage) induces browning around the hilum region and cracking of the seed coats. Objectives of this study were to precisely evaluate the effect of chilling treatment on flowers at different developmental stages on the intensity of seed coat pigmentation and to determine the effects of genes ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060014x

5. Changes in temperature sensitivity of development from sowing to flowering in rice

Author:
Yin, X.; Kropff, M.J.; Goudriaan, J.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1787-1794
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Oryza sativa; air temperature; buds; cultivars; leaves; light; night temperature; sowing date
Abstract:
... To accurately predict the time of flowering, it is essential to determine the effects of environmental factors on crop development at different stages. The objective of this study was to examine the variation in flowering responses to day temperature (TD) and night temperature (TN) during the preflowering period (PFP) in rice (Oryza sativa L). Three controlled-environment experiments were conducte ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060021x

6. Characterization and analysis of North American triticale genetic resources

Author:
Furman, B.J.; Qualset, C.O.; Skovmand, B.; Heaton, J.H.; Corke, H.; Wesenberg, D.M.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1951-1959
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
height; plant characteristics; triticale; plant genetic resources; genetic variation; quantitative traits; phenotypic variation; trichomes; color; length; leaf area; inflorescences; seeds; phenotype; width; California; Canada; Mexico; United States
Abstract:
... A collection of more than 3000 accessions of triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack), called the North American Triticale Genetic Resources Collection (NATGRC), was assembled from 10 active and inactive breeding programs in the USA, Canada, and Mexico for the purposes of conservation, characterization, evaluation, and documentation. Since triticale has no wild ancestors and hybrid parentage is often ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060046x

7. Chromosome location of leaf rust resistance gene Lr43 from Aegilops tauschii in common wheat

Author:
Hussien, T.; Bowden, R.L.; Gill, B.S.; Cox, T.S.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1764-1766
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
crossing; Triticum aestivum; Aegilops; Puccinia recondita; disease resistance; germplasm; chromosome mapping; monosomics; introgression; intergeneric hybridization
Abstract:
... Wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr43 was recently transferred from Aegilops tauschii Coss. to common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to produce hard red winter wheat germplasm line KS92WGRC16. Monosomic and telocentric analyses were used to determine the chromosomal and chromosome arm location of Lr43. KS92WGRC16 was crossed with each of the seven D-genome monosomic lines. The F2 families were inocul ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060016x

8. Clonal and open-pollinated progeny testing in an intermediate wheatgrass population

Author:
Berdahl, J.D.; Barker, R.E.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1751-1754
ISSN:
1435-0653
Subject:
height; plant characteristics; Thinopyrum intermedium subsp. intermedium; clones; open pollination; progeny testing; experimental design; heritability; yields; plant morphology; North Dakota
Abstract:
... Efficient testing procedures are needed to identify superior parents for improved cultivars of cross-pollinated forage species. The primary objective of this study was to compare clonal and open-pollinated (OP) progeny testing in the selection of parents from an intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkw. & Dewey] population. A second objective was to examine experimental error c ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060013x

9. Differential autoradiography and spin-column purification of sugars on activated charcoal

Author:
Tarpley, L.; Vietor, D.M.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1807-1811
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
water; sucrose; activated carbon; separation; tritium; isotope labeling; cellulose; methanol; methodology; Sorghum bicolor; hexoses; autoradiography
Abstract:
... Methods utilizing activated charcoal for separating radiolabeled sugars from each other and from water are described. The first method alleviates a practical limitation for use of tritiated sugars as a tracer in planta. Tritium exchange with water can now be readily quantified because the method allows a more rapid separation of sugars and water than has been previously described. A spin column co ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060024x

10. Dosage dependent genetic suppression of oat crown rust resistance gene Pc-62

Author:
Wilson, W.A.; McMullen, M.S.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1699-1705
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
crossing; Avena sativa; Puccinia coronata; disease resistance; seedlings; progeny; chromosome translocation; chromosome mapping; gene dosage; germ cells; cultivars; diallel analysis; alleles; gene interaction; genetic resistance
Abstract:
... Combining crown rust resistance (CRR) genes is an objective of many oat (Avena sativa L.) breeding programs. Genetic suppressors of CRR have been reported, but the genetic nature of such suppressors has not been investigated. An excess of susceptible seedlings in segregating progeny of crosses involving genotypes with Pc-38 and Pc-62 suggested the Pc-38 parent may have a factor that inhibits the e ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060004x

11. Drought-resistance mechanisms of seven warm-season turfgrasses under surface soil drying. II. Root aspects

Author:
Huang, B.; Duncan, R.R.; Carrow, R.N.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1863-1869
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Eremochloa ophiuroides; Cynodon dactylon; Paspalum vaginatum; Zoysia japonica; Zoysia tenuifolia; hybrids; drought tolerance; water use efficiency; plant morphology; ecotypes; soil water content; roots; water uptake; root systems
Abstract:
... Knowledge of drought-resistance mechanisms in turfgrasses would improve management strategies and facilitate turfgrass breeding for drought resistance. The experiment investigated root morphological and physiological characteristics in response to surface soil drying and rewatering for bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.'Common'], centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack TifBlair' ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060033x

12. Drought-resistance mechanisms of seven warm-season turfgrasses under surface soil drying. I. Shoot response

Author:
Huang, B.; Duncan, R.R.; Carrow, R.N.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1858-1863
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Eremochloa ophiuroides; Cynodon dactylon; Paspalum vaginatum; Zoysia japonica; Zoysia tenuifolia; hybrids; ecotypes; soil water content; canopy; temperature; leaves; chlorophyll; water content; soil depth; roots
Abstract:
... Knowledge or drought response differences in turfgrasses would accelerate the effectiveness in developing water-use-efficient species. The study was designed to evaluate shoot morphological and physiological traits in relation to drought resistance for seven warm-season turfgrasses: bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers. 'Common'], centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hackel 'TifBlair' ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060032x

13. Effects of coating on seed imbibition. II. Effect of coating rates

Author:
Schneider, A.; Renault, P.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1850-1857
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays; seed treatment; coatings; water uptake; imbibition; silica; humidity; volume; surface area; surfactants; diffusion; mathematical models; anatomy and morphology; seeds; wettability; thickness; water potential; vapors
Abstract:
... Coatings may slow water uptake by seeds. To analyze this effect, imbibition of coated and non-coated maize (Zea mays L.) seeds was determined in gaseous and liquid phases. One coating material was applied at five different rates. Similar experiments were done with porous silica beads in saturated air. The volume and surface of the seeds and silica beads were either measured or calculated, and the ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060031x

14. Effects of coating on seed imbibition. I. Model estimates of water transport coefficient

Author:
Schneider, A.; Renault, P.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1841-1849
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
seed treatment; imbibition; mathematical models; hydraulic conductivity; diffusion; water transportation; coatings; vapors
Abstract:
... Seed coatings are used to facilitate local applications of products, including systemic chemicals. However, they may slow imbibition, the rate of which will probably further decrease with multi-layer coatings. In this paper, we propose a method based on the use of a simplified model for estimating of the hydraulic conductivity and vapor diffusion coefficient of seed coatings as a function of seed ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060030x

15. Factors affecting leaf area development in husk leaf of flint corn

Author:
Sato, H.; Sakurai, N.; Sendo, S.; Saneoka, H.; Nobuyasu, H.; Fujita, K.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1826-1831
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Zea mays; corn ears; leaves; stems; leaf area; dry beans; isotope labeling; cytosol; hulls; photosynthesis; sugars; cellulose; chlorophyll; pectins; shoots; weight; roots; cell wall components; hemicellulose; photosynthates; Japan
Abstract:
... Some corn (Zea mays L.) genotypes produce husk leaves (laminae extending from the husk) that on a per unit area basis, contribute more photosynthate to grain production than culm leaves. Furthermore, a high correlation between husk leaf area and dry weight has been observed, but little is known about the changes in cell components during development or husk leaves. A field experiment was conducted ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060027x

16. Field performance of rice somaclones at low temperature: effects of callus chilling treatment

Author:
Bertin, P.; Busogoro, J.P.; Tilquin, J.P.; Kinet, J.M.; Bouharmont, J.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1943-1950
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
crossing; Oryza sativa; cooling; tissue culture; callus; cold tolerance; tillering; maturity groups; crop yield; somaclonal variation; mortality; inflorescences; artificial selection; genotype; Burundi
Abstract:
... Chilling is one of the major constraints of rice (Oryza sativa L.) culture in cool environments. As an alternative to classical breeding, rice plants showing enhanced chilling tolerance in controlled environments were previously obtained from tissue culture. This study tested these plants in the field under a cool climate. Calli of four cultivars adapted to high altitude ('Facagro 57', 'Facagro 76 ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060045x

17. Genetic relationships among soybean plant introductions with resistance to soybean cyst nematodes

Author:
Diers, B.W.; Skorupska, H.T.; Rao-Arelli, A.P.; Cianzio, S.R.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1966-1972
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Glycine max; Heterodera glycines; pest resistance; plant genetic resources; restriction fragment length polymorphism; genetic polymorphism; selection criteria; genetic markers; pathotypes; Puerto Rico
Abstract:
... Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars im the USA, which are resistant to soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe), have resistance derived from only a few plant introductions (PIs). Many other SCN resistant PIs have been identified which could be used as sources for broadening the diversity of resistance genes in cultivars. The objectives of this research were to study the r ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060048x

18. Genetic variation within switchgrass populations for acid soil tolerance

Author:
Hopkins, A.A.; Taliaferro, C.M.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1719-1722
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Panicum; Panicum virgatum; acid soils; genetic variation; seedlings; crossing; shoots; weight; heritability
Abstract:
... Tolerance to acid soil would be a desirable trait for switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) cultivars that are to be grown across the southern Great Plains. The objectives of this research were to estimate genetic variation for, and examine the level of, acid soil tolerance at the seedling stage within two switchgrass populations. Seedlings of 'Kanlow' and 'Blackwell' were grown during 1993 and 1994 i ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060007x

19. Heritability of seed shape and seed size in soybean

Author:
Cober, E.R.; Voldeng, H.D.; Fregeau-Reid, J.A.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1767-1769
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
crossing; Glycine max; seeds; heritability; germplasm; diameter; shape; Ontario
Abstract:
... Round seeds are desirable for food-type soybean Glycine max (L.)Merr.] cultivars and an understanding of the heritability of seed shape would benefit the development of these cultivars. The objectives of this study were to estimate heritability of seed shape and seed size by parent-offspring regression, parent-offspring correlation, and realized heritability, and to determine the correlation betwe ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060017x

20. Identification of marker loci for seed dormancy in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Author:
Wan, J.; Nakazaki, T.; Kawaura, K.; Ikehashi, H.
Source:
Crop science 1997 v.37 no.6 pp. 1759-1763
ISSN:
0011-183X
Subject:
Oryza sativa; seed dormancy; genetic markers; loci; hybrids; screening; isozymes; gene interaction; seed germination; homozygosity; heterozygosity; Japan
Abstract:
... In rice breeding, genes for seed dormancy as well as the markers for each or them are required for incorporation of an adequate seed dormancy into japonica cultivars. To screen genetic loci for seed dormancy in rice (Oryza sativa L.), two kinds of populations were tested: (i) an F2 population of a hybrid Milyang 23/ Todorokiwase, and (ii) F1 populations from a three-way cross, in which an indica d ...
DOI:
10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700060015x