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... Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an essential crop that used by about 50 % of the world's population as food source, utilized as raw material in manufacturing and as food for animal. Rice is becoming one of Ethiopia's major crops, contributing in securing food, generating income, reducing poverty, and socio-economic development. However, rice disease and pests have been identified as major restrictions i ...
... Muscadine grapes (Vitis rotundifolia) have multiple health benefits to human health. The high nutritional values of muscadine berries result from antioxidative anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds. Since the middle of the 18th century, muscadine grapes have been cropped in the southeastern United States. Early cultivars were selected from wild vines. To date, the breeding efforts have created ...
... Calcium (Ca²⁺) is an essential macronutrient as well as a second messenger in diverse biological processes in plants. Plants perceive various stimuli which leads to transient increase in cytosolic calcium [Ca²⁺]cyₜ levels, resulting in generation of Ca²⁺ signatures. These Ca²⁺ signatures are specific to various stress stimuli and developmental processes and are perceived by Ca²⁺ sensors. Ca²⁺ sens ...
... Liriope platyphylla F.T. Wang & Tang and Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl are morphologically similar perennial herbaceous plants belonging to the Asparagaceae family used as evergreen ornamental plants as well as for medicinal purposes. Complete plastid genomes (plastomes) and 45S nuclear ribosomal DNA (45S rDNA) sequences were obtained from two L. platyphylla accessions and one O. japonicu ...
... Natural colorants/pigments such as anthocyanins, carotenoids, betalains, and chlorophylls have been generally used in the food industry as coloring agents. However, there are challenges related to color fading during food processing, storage, and commercialization due to the low stability of natural colorants compared to synthetic ones. Among them, anthocyanins are potential food colorants due to ...
... Salinity is a challenge to rice production but most studies are dealing with NaCl and rarely consider Na₂SO₄ despite its importance in numerous areas of the world. To elucidate genome-level responses to chloride or sulfate salinity stress, seedlings from rice cv. IKP have been exposed for 48 h to two types of Na⁺-isostrength nutrient solution (NaCl 200 mM (EC18.84 dS m⁻¹; Ψs = −0.983 MPa); and Na₂ ...
... Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) productivity is severely hampered by various pathogens and changing climatic conditions. Spot blotch and terminal heat stress are the major constraints of wheat production in the eastern Gangetic plains of India. To identify novel breeding sources and to understand underlying resistance mechanisms, forty-four gamma rays mutagenized wheat genotypes, derived from three di ...
... Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like (CrRLK1L) proteins constitute a subfamily of receptor-like kinases (RLKs) that play diverse roles during fertilization, vegetative development and plant pathogen interactions. CrRLK1Ls possess a unique malectin-like domain at N-terminal that bind to oligo- or polysaccharides from cell wall polymers, byproducts of cell wall degradation, or membrane-as ...
... Drought stress, an inevitable factor due to global climate change, hampers plant biomass production and overall yield. Drought mediated stress sensitivity exerts multi-dimensional effect on transcriptional and proteomic variations leading to changes in morphological, physiological, metabolic and hormonal responses. To cope up water scarcity, plants adapt several drought avoidances or tolerance mec ...
auxins; climate change; coleoptiles; computer simulation; direct seeding; energy; epigenetics; ethylene; fatty acid metabolism; genes; genomics; germination; labor; rain; rice; single nucleotide polymorphism; sugars; transcription (genetics); South East Asia
Abstract:
... Global climate change has significant impacts on rice production due to flooding caused by heavy rainfall which has serious implications in rice growing areas of Southeast Asia. In these areas, direct seeding is preferred as it saves labour, cost, energy and water. Hence, the unique ability of rice seeds to germinate under anaerobic condition is important to achieve direct seeding. A number of can ...
... This study aimed to investigate the effects of different treatments applied on the anthocyanin content and some physicochemical properties of homemade sour cherry juice. Titration acidity, pH, color, total monomeric anthocyanin content, polymeric color, color density, polymeric color ratio, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity properties and formation of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) were ...
... MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs, 18–25 nt in length, that play a crucial role in regulating genes associated with the physiological processes and responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Different conserved and species-specific microRNAs and their functions have been identified, primarily in plants such as rice and Arabidopsis with sequenced genomes. Our present study identi ...
... RNA methylation has already conquered attention in cancer research and anticipated a similar contribution in plant stress modulation mechanism. Among all kinds of mRNA methylation, N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modifications are ubiquitous and conserved, making m⁶A regulatory genes worthwhile to investigate. This present study aims to identify m⁶A regulatory genes in Arabidopsis and their correlation w ...
drought; genetic markers; genetic variation; loci; photosynthesis; rice; transpiration; water use efficiency; India
Abstract:
... The study presents the morpho-physiological performance under induced drought condition and molecular marker based genetic variability amongst 13 rice varieties released for cultivation in Uttar Pradesh, India. An attempt was made to identify suitable genotypes for drought affected areas, based on their morpho-physiological characteristics and genetic diversity. The physiological parameters of pho ...
... Jasmonates (JAs) are phytohormones that induce plant defense responses against pathogens and herbivores. However, JAs often cause plant growth inhibition. Thus, JAs have not been practically useful for crop protection to date. In this study, we demonstrate that N-[5-(Trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]benzenesulfonamide (TPBS) can upregulate JA-inducible defense genes in Nicotiana benthamiana plants wit ...
... Ascochyta blight (Didymella rabiei) is an economically important disease of chickpea in Morocco and other parts of the world. Knowledge about pathogen diversity and their aggressiveness in the Moroccan D. rabiei population can help breeders to develop appropriate breeding strategies for the management of Ascochyta blight. The genetic diversity of 41 D. rabiei isolates collected from four major chi ...
... Jaboticaba has been studied extensively, mainly in the context of its phenolic composition. Although there are several varieties, research has been concentrated on Sabará and Paulista due to their greater dispersion. This study aimed to characterize five jaboticaba varieties in terms of their anthocyanin and nonanthocyanin phenolic compositions and their antiproliferative action on tumor cells of ...
... Dendrobium has been the focus of floral industries for decades. Wild Dendrobiums serve as germplasm for creating hybrids in the cut flower industry and are priced high. But, fewer reports exist on the wild tropical species of Dendrobium. The present study reports in vitro flowering in Dendrobium ovatum - an epiphytic orchid species endemic to the oriental tropics. The seedlings are raised from the ...
DNA-directed DNA polymerase; biotechnology; chloroplast DNA; chloroplast genome; humans; memory; mitochondria; molecular biology; plant biology; research programs; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; California; India
Abstract:
... Professor Krishna K. Tewari (1937–2017) was a pioneer in plant molecular biology and biochemistry. He was a professor and served as the Chairman of the Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry at the University of California, Irvine, and was the founder-director of the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India. His research was focused on understandin ...
... Nitrogen is an essential element for rice biomass and starch quality. However, the molecular mechanism affecting starch characteristic by nitrogen remains poorly defined. Previously, we noted that Oryza sativa DNA BINDING WITH ONE FINGER 18 (OsDOF18) mediated ammonium transport by ammonium transporters. Here, we found that OsDOF18 induced nitrogen accumulation in seed. By analyzing the osdof18 mut ...