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You searched for: Journal Diversity Remove constraint Journal: Diversity Publication Year 2017 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2017 Subject genetic variation Remove constraint Subject: genetic variation
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1. Harnessing Genetic Diversity of Wild Gene Pools to Enhance Wheat Crop Production and Sustainability: Challenges and Opportunities

Author:
Ceoloni, Carla; Kuzmanović, Ljiljana; Ruggeri, Roberto; Rossini, Francesco; Forte, Paola; Cuccurullo, Alessia; Bitti, Alessandra
Source:
Diversity 2017 v.9 no.4
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
Triticum aestivum; Triticum turgidum subsp. durum; abiotic stress; arable soils; biotic stress; breads; breeding programs; chromosomes; climate change; crop production; cytogenetic analysis; durum wheat; gene pool; genes; genetic background; genetic engineering; genetic markers; genetic variation; hexaploidy; humans; introgression; quantitative trait loci; staple foods; tetraploidy; wild relatives
Abstract:
... Wild species are extremely rich resources of useful genes not available in the cultivated gene pool. For species providing staple food to mankind, such as the cultivated Triticum species, including hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, 6x) and tetraploid durum wheat (T. durum, 4x), widening the genetic base is a priority and primary target to cope with the many challenges that the crop has to ...
DOI:
10.3390/d9040055

2. Towards the Genomic Basis of Local Adaptation in Landraces

Author:
Corrado, Giandomenico; Rao, Rosa
Source:
Diversity 2017 v.9 no.4
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
biodiversity; biotechnology; climate change; cropping systems; environmental factors; environmental impact; genetic variation; genomics; landraces; phenotype; population genetics; sequence analysis; subsistence farming
Abstract:
... Landraces are key elements of agricultural biodiversity that have long been considered a source of useful traits. Their importance goes beyond subsistence agriculture and the essential need to preserve genetic diversity, because landraces are farmer-developed populations that are often adapted to environmental conditions of significance to tackle environmental concerns. It is therefore increasingl ...
DOI:
10.3390/d9040051

3. Patterns of Spontaneous Nucleotide Substitutions in Grape Processed Pseudogenes

Author:
Porceddu, Andrea; Camiolo, Salvatore
Source:
Diversity 2017 v.9 no.4
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
Vitis vinifera; cultivars; cytosine; data collection; deamination; genetic variation; grapes; methylation; pseudogenes
Abstract:
... Pseudogenes are dead copies of genes. Owing to the absence of functional constraint, all nucleotide substitutions that occur in these sequences are selectively neutral, and thus represent the spontaneous pattern of substitution within a genome. Here, we analysed the patterns of nucleotide substitutions in Vitis vinifera processed pseudogenes. In total, 259 processed pseudogenes were used to compil ...
DOI:
10.3390/d9040045

4. Evidence of Recent Fine-Scale Population Structuring in South American <em>Puma concolor</em>

Author:
Saranholi, Bruno H.; Chávez-Congrains, Karla; Galetti, Pedro M.
Source:
Diversity 2017 v.9 no.4
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
Bayesian theory; DNA; Puma concolor; biodiversity; carnivores; conservation areas; dams (hydrology); feces; gene flow; genetic variation; habitat destruction; home range; landscapes; microsatellite repeats; river water; rivers; roads; sugarcane; surface water; urbanization; North America
Abstract:
... Habitat loss and fragmentation are considered the major treats to worldwide biodiversity. Carnivores in particular can be more sensitive to landscape modification due to their low occurrence density and large home ranges. Population structuring of Puma concolor has been already reported as a consequence of extensive human activities in the North American continent. Here, we investigated the occurr ...
DOI:
10.3390/d9040044

5. NGS-Based Genotyping, High-Throughput Phenotyping and Genome-Wide Association Studies Laid the Foundations for Next-Generation Breeding in Horticultural Crops

Author:
D’Agostino, Nunzio; Tripodi, Pasquale
Source:
Diversity 2017 v.9 no.3
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
agronomic traits; breeding programs; climate; food quality; genetic erosion; genetic variation; genome-wide association study; genotyping; germplasm conservation; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; high-yielding varieties; loci; phenotype; plant genetic resources; vegetable crops
Abstract:
... Demographic trends and changes to climate require a more efficient use of plant genetic resources in breeding programs. Indeed, the release of high-yielding varieties has resulted in crop genetic erosion and loss of diversity. This has produced an increased susceptibility to severe stresses and a reduction of several food quality parameters. Next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are being ...
DOI:
10.3390/d9030038

6. Putting Plant Genetic Diversity and Variability at Work for Breeding: Hybrid Rice Suitability in West Africa

Author:
El-Namaky, Raafat; Bare Coulibaly, Mamadou M.; Alhassan, Maji; Traore, Karim; Nwilene, Francis; Dieng, Ibnou; Ortiz, Rodomiro; Manneh, Baboucarr
Source:
Diversity 2017 v.9 no.3
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
Cecidomyiidae; Oryza glaberrima; Oryza sativa; Rice yellow mottle virus; breeding; cooking; cultivars; genetic variation; genotype-environment interaction; grain yield; host plants; hybrids; irrigation; milling; population growth; rice; staple foods; China; Mali; Nigeria; Senegal
Abstract:
... Rice is a staple food in West Africa, where its demand keeps increasing due to population growth. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify high yielding rice cultivars that fulfill this demand locally. Rice hybrids are already known to significantly increase productivity. This study evaluated the potential of Asian hybrids with good adaptability to irrigated and rainfed lowland rice areas in Mal ...
DOI:
10.3390/d9030027

7. Microsatellites Reveal Genetic Homogeneity among Outbreak Populations of Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (<em>Acanthaster</em> cf. <em>solaris</em>) on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef

Author:
Harrison, Hugo B.; Pratchett, Morgan S.; Messmer, Vanessa; Saenz-Agudelo, Pablo; Berumen, Michael L.
Source:
Diversity 2017 v.9 no.1
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
Acanthaster planci; Bayesian theory; Euphorbia milii; coral reefs; genetic similarity; genetic variation; genotyping; inbreeding; microsatellite repeats; population size; Australia; Great Barrier Reef
Abstract:
... Specific patterns in the initiation and spread of reef-wide outbreaks of crown-of-thorns starfish are important, both to understand potential causes (or triggers) of outbreaks and to develop more effective and highly targeted management and containment responses. Using analyses of genetic diversity and structure (based on 17 microsatellite loci), this study attempted to resolve the specific origin ...
DOI:
10.3390/d9010016

8. Potential Population Genetic Consequences of Habitat Fragmentation in Central European Forest Trees and Associated Understorey Species—An Introductory Survey

Author:
Dobeš, Christoph; Konrad, Heino; Geburek, Thomas
Source:
Diversity 2017 v.9 no.1
ISSN:
1424-2818
Subject:
computer simulation; forest trees; gene flow; genetic drift; genetic variation; habitat fragmentation; life history; prediction; risk; surveys; understory; Europe
Abstract:
... Habitat fragmentation threatens the maintenance of genetic diversity of affected populations. Assessment of the risks associated with habitat fragmentation is a big challenge as the change in population genetic diversity is a dynamic process, often acting over long time periods and depending on various characteristics pertaining to both species (life history traits) and their populations (extrinsi ...
DOI:
10.3390/d9010009