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1. Patch exploitation strategies of parasitoids under indirect intra‐ and inter‐specific competition

Author:
ROBERT, FÉLIX‐ANTOINE; BRODEUR, JACQUES; BOIVIN, GUY
Source:
Ecological entomology 2016 v.41 no.5 pp. 590-598
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Trichogramma minutum; eggs; females; foraging; insects; interspecific competition; ovipositor; parasitoids; progeny; sex ratio;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. Insect parasitoids are expected to evolve behavioural strategies to exploit resources in competitive environments optimally. Indirect competition between parasitoids is particularly common because exploited host patches remain available in the environment for other foraging individuals. 2. The effects of indirect competition on the behaviour of two closely related generalist egg parasitoids wer ...
DOI:
10.1111/een.12328

2. Exposure to the neonicotinoid imidacloprid disrupts sex allocation cue use during superparasitism in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis

Author:
COOK, NICOLA; GREEN, JADE; SHUKER, DAVID M.; WHITEHORN, PENELOPE R.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2016 v.41 no.6 pp. 693-697
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Nasonia vitripennis; beneficial insects; clutch size; daughters; dose response; eggs; females; imidacloprid; neurotoxins; oviposition; parasitic wasps; sex ratio; superparasitism;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. Neonicotinoid insecticides are potent neurotoxins of significant economic importance. However, it is clear that their use can adversely impact beneficial insects in the environment, even at low, sub‐lethal doses. 2. It has recently been shown that the neonicotinoid imidacloprid disrupts adaptive sex allocation in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis (Walker) by limiting their ability to resp ...
DOI:
10.1111/een.12344

3. Questioning the mutual benefits of myrmecochory: a stable isotope‐based experimental approach

Author:
CAUT, STEPHANE; JOWERS, MICHAEL J.; CERDA, XIM; BOULAY, RAPHAËL R.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2013 v.38 no.4 pp. 390-399
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Formicidae; biodiversity; diet; ecosystems; evolution; mutualism; nitrogen; pupae; reproductive performance; seed dispersal;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mutualisms play a key part in ecological systems and drive the evolution of much of the world's biological diversity. Among them, myrmecochory, seed dispersal by ants, is a worldwide mechanism throughout many ecosystems. However, the classic representation of myrmechocory as a mutualism could be put into question if one of the two players did not garner a real advantage. A controlled diet experime ...
DOI:
10.1111/een.12028

4. The effect of multi‐species host density on superparasitism and sex ratio in a gregarious parasitoid

Author:
KRAFT, THOMAS S.; VAN NOUHUYS, SASKYA
Source:
Ecological entomology 2013 v.38 no.2 pp. 138-146
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Athalia; Pteromalus; butterflies; field experimentation; foraging; islands; parasitoids; population dynamics; progeny; sex ratio; superparasitism; Finland;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... The ecological factors that influence key life‐history traits such as brood size and sex ratio are enormously important to the survival and population dynamics of insect species. The effects of host density on life‐history characteristics of a parasitoid, Pteromalus apum, were examined in a field experiment conducted in the Åland Islands, Finland. This gregarious parasitoid preys on two co‐occurri ...
DOI:
10.1111/een.12004

5. Does constrained oviposition influence offspring sex ratio in the solitary parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens

Author:
METZGER, MARIE; BERNSTEIN, CARLOS; DESOUHANT, EMMANUEL
Source:
Ecological entomology 2008 v.33 no.2 pp. 167-174
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Venturia canescens; endoparasitoids; females; males; models; mortality; ontogeny; oviposition; parasitic wasps; progeny; sex ratio;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. In haplodiploid organisms, virgin or sperm-depleted females can reproduce but are constrained to produce only male progeny. According to Godfray's constrained model, when p, the proportion of females constrained to produce only male progeny, is not null in a panmictic population, unconstrained females should bias their sex allocation towards females to compensate for the excess of males. These ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2311.2007.00953.x

6. Cascading effects of host size and host plant species on parasitoid resource allocation

Author:
STOEPLER, TERESA M.; LILL, JOHN T.; MURPHY, SHANNON M.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2011 v.36 no.6 pp. 724-735
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Diptera; Limacodidae; adults; females; foraging; host plants; immunocompetence; insect ecology; insect larvae; instars; leaves; multiparasitism; parasitoids; phenology; progeny; resource allocation; risk; tibia;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. The bottom‐up factors that determine parasitoid host use are an important area of research in insect ecology. Host size is likely to be a primary cue for foraging parasitoids due to its potential influence on offspring development time, the risk of multiparasitism, and host immunocompetence. Host size is mediated in part by host‐plant traits that influence herbivore growth and potentially affec ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2311.2011.01322.x

7. Suburban sprawl: environmental features affect colony social and spatial structure in the black carpenter ant, Camponotus pennsylvanicus

Author:
BUCZKOWSKI, GRZEGORZ
Source:
Ecological entomology 2011 v.36 no.1 pp. 62-71
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; nestmate recognition; urban development; monitoring; nesting sites; landscapes; nests; social insects; nesting; trees; Camponotus pennsylvanicus; philopatry; habitat fragmentation; population structure; foraging; habitats; intraspecific competition;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. In social insects, the number of nests that a colony inhabits may have important consequences for colony genetic structure, the number of queens, sex allocation, foraging efficiency, and nestmate recognition. Within the ants, colonies may either occupy a single nest (monodomy) or may be organised into a complex network of nests and trails, a condition known as polydomy. 2. The current study is ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2311.2010.01245.x

8. Opportunistic predation and offspring sex ratios of cicada-killer wasps (Sphecius speciosus Drury)

Author:
GRANT, PETER R.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2006 v.31 no.5 pp. 539-547
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Sphecidae; predatory insects; predation; Cicadidae; predator-prey relationships; nesting; progeny; sex ratio; sexual dimorphism; body size;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. The way in which hunting of prey affects the sex ratio of the predator's offspring is not well understood. Female cicada-killer wasps are convenient for study because they specialise in capturing cicadas to provision their offspring. Cicada prey are nearly twice as heavy as the wasps that carry them, hence some degree of prey selectivity by the wasps is to be expected. It has been suggested tha ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2311.2006.00810.x

9. Host age and fitness-related traits in a koinobiont aphid parasitoid

Author:
Colinet, H.; Salin, C.; Boivin, G.; Hance, T.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2005 v.30 no.4 pp. 473-479
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Aphidius ervi; parasitoids; Myzus persicae; host-parasite relationships; age; parasitism; mortality; insect development; sex ratio; host preferences;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. Trade-offs play a key role in species evolution and should be found in host-parasitoid interactions where the host quality may differ between host age categories. 2. The braconid wasp, Aphidius ervi, is a solitary endoparasitoid that allows its aphid hosts to continue to feed and grow after parasitisation. The hypotheses that host age influences their quality and that female parasitoids exploit ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.0307-6946.2005.00716.x

10. Seasonal change in offspring sex and size in Dawson's burrowing bees (Amegilla dawsoni) (Hymenoptera: Anthophorini)

Author:
Alcock, J.; Simmons, L.W.; Beveridge, M.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2005 v.30 no.3 pp. 247-254
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; nectar; gender differences; sex ratio; food availability; seasonal variation; body size; Anthophora; progeny; nesting; pollen;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. Nesting females of Dawson's burrowing bees, Amegilla dawsoni, produce a large size class of offspring, which includes daughters and major sons, and a small size class, which consists entirely of minor sons averaging half the weight of their larger siblings. Female allocation patterns change over the flight season such that the initial pattern of producing daughters shifts toward the production ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.0307-6946.2005.00695.x

11. Sequences of sex allocation and mortality in clutches of Metaphycus parasitoids of soft scale insects and the prevalence of all-female broods

Author:
KAPRANAS, APOSTOLOS; WAJNBERG, ERIC; LUCK, ROBERT F.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2009 v.34 no.5 pp. 652-662
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Coccus hesperidum; Metaphycus; Monte Carlo method; clutch size; eggs; endoparasitoids; females; gender differences; interspecific variation; males; mating competitiveness; mortality; oviposition; parasitic wasps; parasitism; progeny; scale insects; sex ratio; variance;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. In many gregarious or quasi-gregarious parasitoids that experience local mate competition, precise sex ratios with low variance are observed. Precise sex ratios can be achieved by laying male and female eggs in non-random sequences. 2. Developmental mortality can also alter sex ratios of emerging offspring, and subsequently influence sex ratio optima. 3. The present study investigates sex alloc ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2311.2009.01115.x

12. Sex ratio in relation to season and host plant quality in a monogenous stem-galling midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

Author:
Dorchin, N.; Freidberg, A.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2004 v.29 no.6 pp. 677-684
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Cecidomyiidae; sex ratio; seasonal variation; host plants; Suaeda; stem galls; plant growth; vigor; population ecology;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. The sex determination mechanism in gall midges is little understood, although it is known that the females of several species primarily or exclusively produce unisexual broods throughout their lifetime. 2. The gall midge Izeniola obesula Dorchin is a multivoltine species, inducing multi-chambered stem galls on the salt-marsh plant Suaeda monoica. Each gall contains 5-70 individuals, all being t ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.0307-6946.2004.00637.x

13. Kin recognition by the predatory mite Iphiseius degenerans: discrimination among own, conspecific, and heterospecific eggs

Author:
Faraji, F.; Janssen, A.; Rijn, P.C.J. van.; Sabelis, M.W.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2000 v.25 no.2 pp. 147-155
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; cannibalism; egg masses; kinship; sex ratio; predatory mites; Iphiseius; strains;     Show all 8 Subjects
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2311.2000.00240.x

14. Seasonal sex ratio and unbalanced investment sex ratio in the Banksia bee Hylaeus alcyoneus

Author:
Paini, D.R.; Bailey, W.J.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2002 v.27 no.6 pp. 713-719
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; food plants; nests; sex ratio; flowers; seasonal variation; Hylaeus; nesting; Banksia; progeny; pollen; sexual dimorphism; Western Australia;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. Hylaeus alcyoneus is an endemic solitary bee common on coastal heaths of Western Australia. The bee is unusual in that males are larger than females. This size dimorphism presents an opportunity to test the theory of resource-dependent sex allocation, in which theory predicts that when resources are low the sex ratio should be biased towards the smaller sex. In most bees, females are larger tha ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2311.2002.00459.x

15. Body size as an estimator of production costs in a solitary bee

Author:
Bosch, J.; Vicens, N.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2002 v.27 no.2 pp. 129-137
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; estimation; weight; food conversion; body weight; developmental stages; gender differences; sex ratio; cocoons; cells; body measurements; Osmia; nesting;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. Body weight is often used as an estimator of production costs in aculeate Hymenoptera; however, due to differences between sexes in metabolic rates and water content, conversion of provision weight to body weight may differ between males and females. As a result, the cost of producing female progeny may often have been overestimated. 2. Provision weight and body weight loss throughout developme ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2311.2002.00406.x

16. Reproductive allocation within a polygyne, polydomous colony of the ant Myrmica rubra

Author:
Walin, L.; Seppa, P.; Sundstrom, L.
Source:
Ecological entomology 2001 v.26 no.5 pp. 537-546
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; nests; polygyny; Myrmica rubra; spatial distribution; sex ratio; queen insects; population density; spatial variation; Finland;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. Ant colonies commonly have multiple egg-laying queens (secondary polygyny). Polygyny is frequently associated with polydomy (single colonies occupy multiple nest sites) and restricted dispersal of females. The production dynamics and reproductive allocation patterns within a population comprising one polygyne, polydomous colony of the red ant Myrmica rubra were studied. 2. Queen number per nest ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2311.2001.00350.x

17. Temperature dependence of provisioning behavior and investment allocation in the European beewolf Philanthus triangulum F

Author:
Strohm, E.; Linsenmair, K.E.
Source:
Ecological entomology 1998 v.23 no.3 pp. 330-339
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Philanthus; nesting; sex ratio; sex determination; air temperature; heat sums; France; Germany;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. Fisher's sex allocation theory predicts equal investment in sons and daughters. However, in a central European population of the beewolf Philanthus triangulum F. (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae), the sex ratio of parental investment is heavily biased towards males. 2. Beewolf females hunt for honeybees and carry them to the nest in flight. In order to fly with the additional load, females must have a c ...
DOI:
10.1046/j.1365-2311.1998.00129.x

18. Sex-ratio bias in an aphid parasitoid-hyperparasitoid association: a test of two hypotheses

Author:
Mackauer, M.; Lardner, R.M.
Source:
Ecological entomology 1995 v.20 no.2 pp. 118-124
ISSN:
0307-6946
Subject:
sex allocation,   etc   ; Aphidius ervi; Dendrocerus carpenteri; hyperparasitoids; hyperparasitism; sex ratio; progeny; host-parasite relationships; British Columbia;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... 1. We tested the hypothesis that biased sex ratios in the aphidiid parasitoid, Aphidius ervi, are the result of sex-specific mortality of immatures due to hyperparasitism. The solitary hyperparasitoid, Dendrocerus carpenteri, deposits its eggs on the prepupa or pupa of the primary parasitoid after its pea-aphid host is mummified. 2. In dichotomous choice tests, females of D. carpenteri accepted im ...
DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2311.1995.tb00437.x