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El Nino; La Nina; Sterna; adults; body condition; breeding; chicks; eggs; food availability; hatching date; reproductive performance; reproductive success; Indian Ocean; Seychelles
Abstract:
... We examined annual variation in timing of breeding, productivity, growth-rates of chicks and adult body condition of Brown Noddies (Anous stolidus) on Aride Island, Seychelles, from 1995 to 2002 (8 years), and assessed whether poor breeding success was related to El Niño events. Our results were compared with similar studies on tern species that feed more in inshore waters and with faster chick gr ...
Casuarina; Dromaius novaehollandiae; Eremophila glabra; Eremophila longifolia; Nitraria; Santalum acuminatum; autumn; digestive system; emus; feces; fruits; seed germination; seeds; spring; summer; vegetation; winter; zoochory; New South Wales
Abstract:
... The Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) eats a wide range of seeds and other plant material but little is known of the seeds eaten and dispersed in arid Australia. This study aimed to determine the species of seed and fruits eaten by Emus through the year and investigate the effect of the passage of seeds through the Emu gut on seed germination. Emu scats were opportunistically collected in all seasons ...
... Many species of birds exhibit a latitudinal gradient in annual reproductive investment, laying more eggs and producing more nestlings at higher latitudes. However, few studies have evaluated the mechanisms that underlie such patterns and such differences in grassland birds specifically. We monitored nests of Fork-tailed Flycatchers (Tyrannus savana) over two breeding seasons at a tropical site in ...
Maria C. Magalhães, et al. ; Verónica C. Neves; Cristina P. Nava; Matt Cormons; Esteban Bremer; Gabriel Castresana; Pedro Lima; Severino M. Azevedo Junior; Richard A. Phillips; Ricardo S. Santos; Show all 10 Authors
... We describe the migration routes and non-breeding areas of Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) from the Azores Archipelago, based on ringing (banding) recoveries and tracking of three birds using geolocators. Over 20 years, there have been 55 transatlantic recoveries of Common Terns from the Azores population: six from Argentina and 49 from Brazil. The three tracked birds migrated south in different mon ...
... The effects of the fishing industry on the marine environment have been studied and described over the past two decades. Trawl-netting is a common but non-selective method of fishing that often captures non-target specimens of no commercial value that are discarded at sea. We discovered an unreported threat caused by fisheries discards on seabirds attending fishing activities in Brazilian waters: ...
Maria Regina de V. Barbosa; José Maria Cardoso da Silva, et al. ; Helder F. P. de Araujo; Arnaldo H. Vieira-Filho; José Alexandre F. Diniz-Filho; Show all 5 Authors
... In tropical dry areas, rainfall is predicted to be the most important climatic variable influencing bird phenology because it triggers food and foliage production. In addition, because resources are scarce, the moulting and breeding seasons are not expected to overlap. We conducted a 2-year study on the phenology of passerine birds at one site in Caatinga, South America’s largest dry forest region ...
Petroica; ancestry; highlands; islands; phylogeny; species diversity; sympatry; zoogeography; Australia; New Guinea; New Zealand
Abstract:
... Complex spatial and temporal phylogenetic patterns have emerged among Pacific Island radiations and their Australian and New Guinean congeners. We explore the diversification of Australo-Pacific Petroica robins using the first phylogeny with complete species-level sampling of the genus. In doing so we provide the first assessment of the phylogenetic affinities of two poorly known species with high ...