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1. A comparison between renewable transport fuels that can supplement or replace biofuels in a 100% renewable energy system

Author:
Connolly, D.; Mathiesen, B.V.; Ridjan, I.
Source:
Energy 2014 v.73 pp. 110-125
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
biofuels; biomass; carbon; carbon dioxide; electricity; electrolysis; energy; fuel production; gasification; infrastructure; oils; production costs; steam
Abstract:
... Identifying renewable energy alternatives in transport is particularly complicated, since the end-user can vary from a single-person car to a cargo ship. The aim of this paper is to aid this process by comparing 7 different methods for producing transport fuels in terms of the resources required, the conversion processes used, the fuel obtained, and the transport demand met. The results indicate t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2014.05.104

2. Combustion characteristics and optimization of CPG (compressed producer gas) in a constant volume combustion chamber

Author:
Soid, S.N.; Zainal, Z.A.
Source:
Energy 2014 v.73 pp. 59-69
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
air; analysis of variance; biomass; combustion; gasification; gasoline; liquid petroleum gas; natural gas; producer gas
Abstract:
... PG (producer gas) from biomass gasification can be used either in SI (spark ignited) or CI (compressed ignited) engine. Present study evaluates fundamental combustion characteristics of SI CPG (compressed producer gas) in a CVCC (constant volume combustion chamber) at various equivalence ratios (ϕ) using optical technique. The combustion characteristics were compared to common fuels: gasoline, CNG ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2014.05.066

3. Design of biomass and natural gas based IGFC using multi-objective optimization

Author:
Naraharisetti, Pavan Kumar; Lakshminarayanan, S.; Karimi, I.A.
Source:
Energy 2014 v.73 pp. 635-652
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
biomass; cell cycle; combustion; energy; fuel cells; gasification; natural gas; synthesis gas; turbines
Abstract:
... Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) and Integrated Gasification Fuel cell Cycle (IGFC) uses Syngas in fuel cells and gas turbines to produce power. Several designs have been studied and it is common to analyze different designs (one at a time) to understand which design is more efficient. In this work we propose a superstructure that has both fuel cell topping and fuel cell bottoming cyc ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2014.06.061

4. Effects of operational shocks on key microbial populations for biogas production in UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactors

Author:
Couras, C.S.; Louros, V.L.; Grilo, A.M.; Leitão, J.H.; Capela, M.I.; Arroja, L.M.; Nadais, M.H.
Source:
Energy 2014 v.73 pp. 866-874
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
Archaea; Syntrophomonadaceae; biogas; biomass; continuous systems; methane production; temperature; upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor; volatile fatty acids; wastewater
Abstract:
... This work compares the overall performance and biogas production of continuous and intermittent UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactors treating dairy wastewater and subjected to fat, hydraulic and temperature shocks. The systems were monitored for methane production, effluent concentration, volatile fatty acids, and microbial populations of the Eubacteria, Archaea and Syntrophomonadaceae ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2014.06.098

5. Enhancement of methane production with horse manure supplement and pretreatment in a full-scale biogas process

Author:
Mönch-Tegeder, Matthias; Lemmer, Andreas; Oechsner, Hans
Source:
Energy 2014 v.73 pp. 523-530
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
anaerobic digestion; arable soils; biogas; biomass; byproducts; economic sustainability; energy; energy crops; feedstocks; food production; heat production; horse manure; lignocellulose; methane production
Abstract:
... The increased demand for renewable energy resources worldwide has lead to a strong interest in biomass for energy and heat production. However, the use of energy crops competes with human food production for limited available arable land. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternate feedstocks for anaerobic digestion and increase the use of agricultural residues and by-products. In this work, t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2014.06.051

6. Evaluating China's biomass power production investment based on a policy benefit real options model

Author:
Wang, Xingwei; Cai, Yanpeng; Dai, Chao
Source:
Energy 2014 v.73 pp. 751-761
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
biomass; business enterprises; decision making; decision support systems; income; issues and policy; markets; models; motivation; power generation; prices; straw; uncertainty; China
Abstract:
... In this study, a policy benefit real options model was developed to evaluate biomass power production investment in China. A method based on the cumulative probability was proposed using binomial decision tree calculations for the exercising of options in order to evaluate the optimal investment timing. Two scenarios were analyzed to identify the optimal investment strategy with/without the consid ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2014.06.080