PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Journal Environmental Science & Technology Remove constraint Journal: Environmental Science & Technology Publication Year 2014 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2014 Source 2014 v.48 no.15 Remove constraint Source: 2014 v.48 no.15
Start Over

Search

69  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 20 of 69 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. A Critical Review of the Risks to Water Resources from Unconventional Shale Gas Development and Hydraulic Fracturing in the United States

Author:
Vengosh, Avner; Jackson, Robert B.; Warner, Nathaniel; Darrah, Thomas H.; Kondash, Andrew
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8334-8348
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aquifers; case studies; drilling; gases; groundwater; human health; isotopes; natural gas; oil fields; radium; risk; sediments; shale; soil; streams; subsurface flow; surface water; toxicity; wastewater; water shortages; United States
Abstract:
... The rapid rise of shale gas development through horizontal drilling and high volume hydraulic fracturing has expanded the extraction of hydrocarbon resources in the U.S. The rise of shale gas development has triggered an intense public debate regarding the potential environmental and human health effects from hydraulic fracturing. This paper provides a critical review of the potential risks that s ...
DOI:
10.1021/es405118y

2. Adverse Outcome Pathway and Risks of Anticoagulant Rodenticides to Predatory Wildlife

Author:
Rattner, Barnett A.; Lazarus, Rebecca S.; Elliott, John E.; Shore, Richard F.; van den Brink, Nico
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8433-8445
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
European Union; anticoagulants; exposure pathways; guidelines; habitats; hemorrhage; invasive species; mortality; physicochemical properties; public health; risk; risk assessment; rodenticides; sublethal effects; vitamin K epoxide reductase; wildlife; North America
Abstract:
... Despite a long history of successful use, routine application of some anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) may be at a crossroad due to new regulatory guidelines intended to mitigate risk. An adverse outcome pathway for ARs was developed to identify information gaps and end points to assess the effectiveness of regulations. This framework describes chemical properties of ARs, established macromolecula ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501740n

3. Aeration Strategies To Mitigate Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Single-Stage Nitritation/Anammox Reactors

Author:
Domingo-Félez, Carlos; Mutlu, A. Gizem; Jensen, Marlene M.; Smets, Barth F.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8679-8687
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aeration; air flow; anaerobic ammonium oxidation; correlation; greenhouse gas emissions; nitric oxide; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; oxidation; oxygen; streams
Abstract:
... Autotrophic nitrogen removal is regarded as a resource efficient process to manage nitrogen-rich residual streams. However, nitrous oxide emissions of these processes are poorly documented and strategies to mitigate emissions unknown. In this study, two sequencing batch reactors performing single-stage nitritation/anammox were operated under different aeration strategies, gradually adjusted over s ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501819n

4. Aerobic Microbial Fe Acquisition from Ferrihydrite Nanoparticles: Effects of Crystalline Order, Siderophores, and Alginate

Author:
Kuhn, K. M.; DuBois, J. L.; Maurice, P. A.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8664-8670
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Pseudomonas mendocina; alginates; bioavailability; biofilm; exopolysaccharides; ferrihydrite; iron; iron oxides; iron oxyhydroxides; ligands; mutants; nanoparticles; siderophores; soil bacteria
Abstract:
... This research compared the bioavailability of Fe associated with two forms of the hydrous Fe oxyhydroxide nanomineral ferrihydrite (Fh)-the smaller (1–3 nm), less ordered 2-line (2L) phase and the slightly larger, (2–6 nm) more ordered 6-line (6L) phase-to the common aerobic soil bacterium Pseudomonas mendocina ymp. P. mendocina can acquire Fe from minerals using high-affinity Fe(III) binding liga ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501308b

5. Air Impacts of Increased Natural Gas Acquisition, Processing, and Use: A Critical Review

Author:
Moore, Christopher W.; Zielinska, Barbara; Pétron, Gabrielle; Jackson, Robert B.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8349-8359
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; air quality; case studies; climate; coalbed methane; emissions; emissions factor; environmental impact; greenhouse gases; inventories; nitrogen oxides; ozone; particulates; sand; shale; volatile organic compounds; Canada; United States
Abstract:
... During the past decade, technological advancements in the United States and Canada have led to rapid and intensive development of many unconventional natural gas plays (e.g., shale gas, tight sand gas, coal-bed methane), raising concerns about environmental impacts. Here, we summarize the current understanding of local and regional air quality impacts of natural gas extraction, production, and use ...
DOI:
10.1021/es4053472

6. Air Quality in Mecca and Surrounding Holy Places in Saudi Arabia During Hajj: Initial Survey

Author:
Simpson, Isobel J.; Aburizaiza, Omar S.; Siddique, Azhar; Barletta, Barbara; Blake, Nicola J.; Gartner, Aaron; Khwaja, Haider; Meinardi, Simone; Zeb, Jahan; Blake, Donald R.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8529-8537
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; air pollution; air quality; alkenes; carbon monoxide; cities; combustion; evaporation; gasoline; human health; ozone; petroleum; surveys; volatile organic compounds; Saudi Arabia
Abstract:
... The Arabian Peninsula experiences severe air pollution, the extent and sources of which are poorly documented. Each year in Saudi Arabia this situation is intensified during Hajj, the Holy Pilgrimage of Islam that draws millions of pilgrims to Mecca. An initial study of air quality in Mecca and surrounding holy sites during the 2012 Hajj (October 24–27) revealed strongly elevated levels of the com ...
DOI:
10.1021/es5017476

7. Ambient Acrolein Concentrations in Coastal, Remote, and Urban Regions in California

Author:
Cahill, Thomas M.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8507-8513
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acrolein; analytical methods; environmental protection; summer; toxicity; urban areas; California
Abstract:
... Acrolein (2-propenal) is a reactive chemical that is very toxic and has many sources. Acrolein is commonly detected in the atmosphere, but understanding the ambient concentrations of this compound has been hampered by analytical difficulties. The objective of this research was to utilize an analytical method specifically designed for acrolein to determine acrolein concentrations in remote regions. ...
DOI:
10.1021/es5014533

8. A New High-Resolution N2O Emission Inventory for China in 2008

Author:
Zhou, Feng; Shang, Ziyin; Ciais, Philippe; Tao, Shu; Piao, Shilong; Raymond, Peter; He, Canfei; Li, Bengang; Wang, Rong; Wang, Xuhui; Peng, Shushi; Zeng, Zhenzhong; Chen, Han; Ying, Na; Hou, Xikang; Xu, Peng
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8538-8547
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
emissions factor; energy; geographical distribution; greenhouse gas emissions; industry; nitrous oxide; urban population; urbanization; wastes; wildfires; China
Abstract:
... The amount and geographic distribution of N₂O emissions over China remain largely uncertain. In this study, county-level and 0.1° × 0.1° gridded anthropogenic N₂O emission inventories for China (PKU-N₂O) in 2008 are developed based on high-resolution activity data and regional emission factors (EFs) and parameters. These new estimates are compared with previous inventories, and with two sensitivit ...
DOI:
10.1021/es5018027

9. A Quantitative Toxicogenomics Assay Reveals the Evolution and Nature of Toxicity during the Transformation of Environmental Pollutants

Author:
Gou, Na; Yuan, Songhu; Lan, Jiaqi; Gao, Ce; Alshawabkeh, Akram N.; Gu, April Z.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8855-8863
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
DNA; bisphenol A; cell membranes; genotoxicity; hydroquinone; ibuprofen; mineralization; oxidation; oxidative stress; pollutants; process design; proteins; remediation; risk reduction; stress response; toxicogenomics
Abstract:
... The incomplete mineralization of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) during the advanced oxidation processes can generate transformation products that exhibit toxicity comparable to or greater than that of the original contaminant. In this study, we demonstrated the application of a novel, fast, and cost-effective quantitative toxicogenomics-based approach for the evaluation of the evolution a ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501222t
PubMed:
25010344
PubMed Central:
PMC4123925

10. Assessing Sources of Human Methylmercury Exposure Using Stable Mercury Isotopes

Author:
Li, Miling; Sherman, Laura S.; Blum, Joel D.; Grandjean, Philippe; Mikkelsen, Bjarni; Weihe, Pál; Sunderland, Elsie M.; Shine, James P.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8800-8806
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
diet recall; dietary exposure; dietary surveys; exposure assessment; fish; fishermen; hairs; isotope fractionation; mercury; methylmercury compounds; muscle tissues; seafoods; stable isotopes; statistical models; uncertainty; whales; Gulf of Mexico
Abstract:
... Seafood consumption is the primary route of methylmercury (MeHg) exposure for most populations. Inherent uncertainties in dietary survey data point to the need for an empirical tool to confirm exposure sources. We therefore explore the utility of Hg stable isotope ratios in human hair as a new method for discerning MeHg exposure sources. We characterized Hg isotope fractionation between humans and ...
DOI:
10.1021/es500340r
PubMed:
24967674
PubMed Central:
PMC4123924

11. Assessment of in Vitro Lead Bioaccessibility in House Dust and Its Relationship to in Vivo Lead Relative Bioavailability

Author:
Li, Hong-Bo; Cui, Xin-Yi; Li, Kan; Li, Jie; Juhasz, Albert L.; Ma, Lena Q.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8548-8555
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
bioavailability; blood; cities; coal; combustion; coprecipitation; dust; gastrointestinal system; in vitro studies; iron; isotopes; lead; mice; models; pH; prediction; solubility; China
Abstract:
... House dust samples containing 25–738 mg of Pb kg–¹ from 15 cities in China were assessed for in vitro Pb bioaccessibility and in vivo Pb relative bioavailability. On the basis of stable Pb isotope ratios, the Pb in dust samples mainly originated from coal combustion. Lead bioaccessibility was determined using gastric (GP) and intestinal phase (IP) of solubility bioaccessibility research consortium ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501899j

12. Capturing CO2 into the Precipitate of a Phase-Changing Solvent after Absorption

Author:
Zheng, Shudong; Tao, Mengna; Liu, Qing; Ning, Liqi; He, Yi; Shi, Yao
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8905-8910
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
absorption; amines; carbon dioxide; chemical reactions; energy; ethanol; solubility; solvents
Abstract:
... The major drawback of aqueous alkanolamine-based CO₂ capture processes is the high energy penalty for regeneration. To overcome this weakness, we studied the absorption of CO₂ with amines dissolved in nonaqueous solvents. It was observed that triethylenetetramine (TETA) dissolved in ethanol produces a solid precipitate after absorption, which can then be easily separated and regenerated. As a comp ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501554h

13. Climate and Atmosphere Simulator for Experiments on Ecological Systems in Changing Environments

Author:
Verdier, Bruno; Jouanneau, Isabelle; Simonnet, Benoit; Rabin, Christian; Van Dooren, Tom J. M.; Delpierre, Nicolas; Clobert, Jean; Abbadie, Luc; Ferrière, Régis; Le Galliard, Jean-François
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8744-8753
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
carbon dioxide; climatic factors; ecosystems; environmental science; equipment; global change; humidity; light intensity; models; oxygen; plants (botany); rain; seasonal variation; soil; superoxide anion; temperature
Abstract:
... Grand challenges in global change research and environmental science raise the need for replicated experiments on ecosystems subjected to controlled changes in multiple environmental factors. We designed and developed the Ecolab as a variable climate and atmosphere simulator for multifactor experimentation on natural or artificial ecosystems. The Ecolab integrates atmosphere conditioning technolog ...
DOI:
10.1021/es405467s

14. Controlled Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticle Sulfidation in a Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plant

Author:
Kent, Ronald D.; Oser, Joel G.; Vikesland, Peter J.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8564-8572
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
atomic force microscopy; chemical composition; crystal structure; ions; laboratory experimentation; nanosilver; nanospheres; silver; toxicity; transmission electron microscopy; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... Sulfidation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which is known to alter AgNP toxicity, occurs during transport through wastewater treatment plants. In this study, arrays of immobilized AgNPs fabricated by nanosphere lithography (NSL) were used to study AgNP sulfidation in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). A detailed laboratory study preceded field deployment. The characteristic NSL patt ...
DOI:
10.1021/es404989t

15. Copper Isotope Fractionation during Equilibration with Natural and Synthetic Ligands

Author:
Ryan, Brooke M.; Kirby, Jason K.; Degryse, Fien; Scheiderich, Kathleen; McLaughlin, Mike J.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8620-8626
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
EDTA (chelating agent); biogeochemical cycles; copper; deferoxamine; dialysis; fulvic acids; isotope fractionation; ligands; nitrilotriacetic acid; rivers; stable isotopes; uptake mechanisms
Abstract:
... As copper (Cu) stable isotopes emerge as a tool for tracing Cu biogeochemical cycling, an understanding of how Cu isotopes fractionate during complexation with soluble organic ligands in natural waters and soil solutions is required. A Donnan dialysis technique was employed to assess the isotopic fractionation of Cu during complexation with the soluble synthetic ligands ethylenediaminetetraacetic ...
DOI:
10.1021/es500764x

16. Detecting Free Radicals in Biochars and Determining Their Ability to Inhibit the Germination and Growth of Corn, Wheat and Rice Seedlings

Author:
Liao, Shaohua; Pan, Bo; Li, Hao; Zhang, Di; Xing, Baoshan
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8581-8587
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
biochar; biomass; biopolymers; cellulose; corn; corn stover; electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; germination; growth retardation; heavy metals; humans; hydroxyl radicals; lignin; oxygen; plasma membrane; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pyrolysis; rice; risk; roots; seedlings; shoots; society; soil amendments; standard operating procedures; temperature; wheat; wheat straw
Abstract:
... Biochar can benefit human society as a carbon-negative material and soil amendment. However, negative biochar impacts on plant germination and growth have been observed, and they have not been fully explained. Therefore, protocols to avoid these risks cannot be proposed. We hypothesized that the free radicals generated during charring may inhibit plant germination and growth. Significant electron ...
DOI:
10.1021/es404250a
CHORUS:
10.1021/es404250a

17. Distribution Patterns of Brominated, Chlorinated, and Phosphorus Flame Retardants with Particle Size in Indoor and Outdoor Dust and Implications for Human Exposure

Author:
Cao, Zhiguo; Xu, Fuchao; Covaci, Adrian; Wu, Min; Wang, Haizhu; Yu, Gang; Wang, Bin; Deng, Shubo; Huang, Jun; Wang, Xiaoyan
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8839-8846
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
dust; flame retardants; humans; isomers; kindergarten; particle size; phosphorus; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; volatilization; China
Abstract:
... Dust samples were collected in Beijing, China, from four different indoor microenvironments (office, hotel, kindergarten, and student dormitory) and one outdoor (road dust) microenvironment. These five composite samples were fractionated into 13 sequential size fractions and an individual fraction of <50 μm for further analysis. In the fractions of <50 μm, nine phosphorus flame retardants (∑PFRs), ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501224b

18. Effects of Interaction between Temperature Conditions and Copper Exposure on Immune Defense and Other Life-History Traits of the Blow Fly Protophormia terraenovae

Author:
Pölkki, Mari; Kangassalo, Katariina; Rantala, Markus J.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8793-8799
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Protophormia terraenovae; copper; encapsulation; environmental exposure; environmental factors; females; gender differences; heavy metals; imagos; immune response; innate immunity; insect larvae; life history; males; pollution; rearing; temperature; tissues; toxic substances
Abstract:
... Environmental pollution is considered one of the major threats to organisms. Direct effects of heavy metal pollution on various life-history traits are well recognized, while the effects of potential interactions between two distinct environmental conditions on different traits are poorly understood. Here, we have tested the effects of interactions between temperature conditions and heavy metal ex ...
DOI:
10.1021/es501880b

19. Enhanced Elimination of Perfluorooctane Sulfonic Acid by Menstruating Women: Evidence from Population-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling

Author:
Wong, Fiona; MacLeod, Matthew; Mueller, Jochen F.; Cousins, Ian T.
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8807-8814
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; body weight; data collection; environmental monitoring; gender differences; half life; humans; men; menstruation; models; perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; pharmacokinetics; women; United States
Abstract:
... Human biomonitoring studies have shown that concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) in men are higher than in women. We investigate sex differences in elimination of PFOS by fitting a population-based pharmacokinetic model to six cross-sectional data sets from 1999 to 2012 from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and derive human first-order elimination ...
DOI:
10.1021/es500796y

20. Estimating Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations with Lichens

Author:
Vannini, Andrea; Nicolardi, Valentina; Bargagli, Roberto; Loppi, Stefano
Source:
Environmental Science & Technology 2014 v.48 no.15 pp. 8754-8759
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Xanthoria; air; bioaccumulation; epiphytes; equations; exposure duration; lichens; mercury; temperature
Abstract:
... The uptake kinetics of elemental gaseous Hg (Hg⁰) in three species of epiphytic lichens (Pseudevernia furfuracea, Evernia prunastri, and Xanthoria parietina) were investigated under four different Hg concentrations (10, 15, 30, and 45 μg/m³) and three different temperatures (10, 20, and 30 °C) with the aim of evaluating the lichen efficiency for Hg⁰ accumulation and their potential use in the esti ...
DOI:
10.1021/es500866k