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You searched for: Journal Environmental entomology Remove constraint Journal: Environmental entomology Publication Year 2000 Remove constraint Publication Year: 2000 Source 2000 v.29 no.3 Remove constraint Source: 2000 v.29 no.3
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1. Abundance, diversity, and activity of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in oak-dominated mixed Appalachian forests treated with microbial pesticides

Author:
Wang, C.; Strazanac, J.; Butler, L.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 579-586
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Formicidae; species diversity; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki; Lymantria dispar; Nucleopolyhedrovirus; viral insecticides; temporal variation; Quercus; deciduous forests; seasonal variation; population density; adverse effects; Virginia; West Virginia
Abstract:
... This study is part of a long-term analysis of nontarget effects of microbial pesticide application in the George Washington (Augusta County, VA, USA) and Monongahela National Forests (Pocahontas County, WV, USA). Ants were collected using pitfall traps to assess the effect of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner variety kurstaki (Foray 48 F) and gypsy moth nuclear polyhedrosis virus (Gypchek) applicati ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.579

2. Biology of Callirhytis cornigera (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) and the arthropod community inhabiting its galls

Author:
Eliason, E.A.; Potter, D.A.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 551-559
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Cynipidae; Quercus palustris; galls; arthropod communities; natural enemies; parasitoids; predatory insects; community ecology; eclosion; Kentucky
Abstract:
... Populations of Callirhytis cornigera (Osten Sacken) and its associated community of natural enemies and inquilines were monitored on pin oak, Quercus palustris Muenchhausen, in Lexington, KY, from 1997 to 1999. The gall wasp has alternating agamic and sexual generations that differ morphologically and develop in multichambered galls on branches and single-chambered galls on leaves, respectively. T ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.551

3. Cold tolerance of four species of bark beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in North America

Author:
Lombardero, M.J.; Ayres, M.P.; Ayres, B.D.; Reeve, J.D.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 421-432
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Dendroctonus frontalis; Ips pini; Ips grandicollis; cold tolerance; overwintering; mortality; freezing; ambient temperature; acclimation; lipids; nutrient reserves; seasonal variation; geographical distribution; supercooling point; lipid content; species differences; Louisiana; Alabama; Wisconsin; New Hampshire
Abstract:
... We investigated the overwintering biology of four temperate-latitude bark beetles: Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, Ips pini (Say), I. grandicollis (Eichhoff), and I. perroti Swaine. All four species were freeze-susceptible. However, there was variation within and among species in overwintering biology that related to their geographic distribution. D. frontalis and southern populations of I. gra ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.421

4. Does reduced-impact logging help preserve biodiversity in tropical rainforests? A case study from Borneo using dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) as indicators

Author:
Davis, A.J.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 467-475
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Coleoptera; dung beetles; insect communities; community ecology; species diversity; logging; environmental impact; indicator species; biodiversity; tropical rain forests; edge effects; Borneo
Abstract:
... The role of reduced-impact logging on the preservation of biodiversity in tropical lowland dipterocarp rainforest is examined by looking at differences in dung beetle community structure between two sites logged in 1993: one harvested using reduced-impact methods and one using conventional techniques. Collections were made using two flight intercept traps over 7 d, and samples were compared with p ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.467

5. Dose-response susceptibility of pest aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) and their control on hydroponically grown lettuce with the entomopathogenic fungus Verticillium lecanii, Azadirachtin, and insecticidal soap

Author:
Fournier, V.; Brodeur, J.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 568-578
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Macrosiphum euphorbiae; Myzus persicae; Nasonovia ribisnigri; neem extracts; azadirachtin; Torrubiella confragosa; botanical insecticides; toxicity; dose response; population density; mortality; insect control; Lactuca sativa; biopesticides; soaps
Abstract:
... The objective of our research was to identify alternatives to synthetic pesticide treatments to prevent aphid outbreaks in greenhouse lettuce crops. In the laboratory, we determined the susceptibility of three lettuce-infesting aphid species, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), and Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley), to the hyphomycete Verticillium lecanii (Viegas) (strain Vertale ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.568

6. Effect of thermoperiod on diapause induction of Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera-Noctuidae)

Author:
Fantinou, A.A.; Kagkou, E.A.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 489-494
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
diapause; duration; larvae; periodicity; photoperiod; Sesamia nonagrioides; scotophase
Abstract:
... We have been studying the factors that control larval diapause of Sesamia nonagrioides (Levebvre), a multivolitine pest of corn, Zea mays L., in the Mediterranean. The effect of various combinations of photoperiod and temperature on the induction of larval diapause of S. nonagrioides was examined. Short daylengths (8-12 h) were the main factor inducing diapause in this species, whereas high temper ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.489

7. Effects of plant architecture on the attack rate of Leptomastix dactylopii (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the citrus mealybug (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)

Author:
Cloyd, R.A.; Sadof, C.S.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 535-541
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
height; plant characteristics; Leptomastix dactylopii; Planococcus citri; parasitoids; host-parasite relationships; parasitism; host seeking; host plants; population density; leaves; leaf area; branches; biological control agents; parasites
Abstract:
... Attack rates of the parasitoid Leptomastix dactylopii (Howard) were examined in petri dishes and on caged plants that varied in architectural characteristics. Individual female parasitoids were placed into petri dishes containing a range of densities of the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso). Green and yellow-variegated coleus, solenostemon scutellarioides (L.) Codd, were used to determine ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.535

8. ELISA versus immunolocalization to determine the association of Erwinia tracheiphila in Acalymma vittatum (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Author:
Garcia-Salazar, C.; Gildow, F.E.; Fleischer, S.J.; Cox-Foster, D.; Lukezic, F.L.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 542-550
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Acalymma vittatum; Erwinia tracheiphila; detection; bacterial antigens; immunohistochemistry; electron microscopy; digestive tract; temporal variation; disease vectors; Cucumis sativus; Cucurbita; bacterial wilt; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Abstract:
... DAS-ELISA, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy were used to investigate the association of the causal agent of bacterial wilt, Erwinia tracheiphila (Smith), within the beetle Acalymma vittatum (F.). After a 24-h acquisition period, a high percentage of individuals tested positive for E. tracheiphila antigen using both immunohistochemistry (100%) and DAS-ELISA (70-60%). Both assays showed ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.542

9. Exploiting behavioral disparities among predators and prey to selectively remove pests: maximizing the ratio of bark beetles to predators removed during semiochemically based trap-out

Author:
Aukema, B.H.; Dahlsten, D.L.; Raffa, K.F.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 651-660
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Ips pini; Thanasimus dubius; kairomones; enantiomers; pheromone traps; trapping; biological control agents; Pinus resinosa; Pinus strobus; forest plantations; predators; Platysoma; species differences; Wisconsin
Abstract:
... Mass-trapping using semiochemical lures is a potentially useful control measure against bark beetle pests. A serious problem, however, is the inadvertent removal of predators that respond to these baits as kairomones. Ips pini (Say) infests hard pines in the western, Great Lakes, and eastern forests of North America. In Wisconsin, I. pini responds primarily to 50 (+)/50(-) and 75(+)/25(-) blends o ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.651

10. Factors influencing dispersal in neonate gypsy moths (Lepidotera: Lymantriidae)

Author:
Erelli, M.C.; Elkinton, J.S.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 509-515
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Lymantria dispar; larvae; maternal effect; population density; air temperature; ova; cooling; host plants; Quercus velutina; leaves; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... We studied the effects of date of hatch, maternal population quality, larval density, air temperature, and host foliage on the dispersal of neonate gypsy moths, Lymantria dispar (L.), under field conditions. Larval dispersal significantly increased with date by nearly fourfold, but neither maternal population quality nor crowding had a significant effect on dispersal activity. Neither variation in ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.509

11. Field surveys and evaluation of native and established predators of the hemlock woolly adelgid (Homoptera: Adelgidae) in the southeastern United States

Author:
Wallace, M.S.; Hain, F.P.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 638-644
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Adelges; natural enemies; predator-prey relationships; predation; population density; mortality; surveys; predators; Adelges tsugae; Tsuga caroliniana; Virginia; North Carolina
Abstract:
... There has been little research conducted on the effects of native or established predators on populations of the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand. This study used field surveys and cage exclusion experiments to examine the relationship between established predators and A. tsugae in the southeastern United States. Predators were collected in very low densities in both years. Harmonia a ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.638

12. Host plants and population dynamics of the ear borer, Mussidia nigrivenella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Benin

Author:
Setamou, M.; Schulthess, F.; Gounou, S.; Poehling, H.M.; Borgemeister, C.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 516-524
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Pyralidae; boring insects; host plants; crops; wild plants; host range; population dynamics; population density; seasonal variation; fruiting; geographical distribution; ecology; agroecological zones; Benin
Abstract:
... The ear borer Mussidia nigrivenella Ragonot is a polyphagous insect pest that feeds on various cultivated and wild plants. Surveys in four agro-ecological zones of Benin, conducted between 1993 and 1997, revealed approximately 20 plant species from 11 plant families hosting the borer, but only 13 host plants enable the borer to develop to the pupal stage. Whereas, a maize crop usually supports one ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.516

13. Improved population monitoring of bark beetles and predators by incorporating disparate behavioral responses to semiochemicals

Author:
Aukema, B.H.; Dahlsten, D.L.; Raffa, K.F.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 618-629
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
enantiomers; pheromones; predator-prey relationships; population density; monitoring; biological control agents; Pinus resinosa; forest plantations; predators; Platysoma; species differences; Wisconsin
Abstract:
... Estimating populations of both pest and natural enemy species is important in the planning and implementation of biological control. For example, synthetic pheromone lures are used to sample bark beetles, and sometimes their predators, in forest ecosystems. However, insect attraction to natural pheromone sources may differ from attraction to synthetic pheromone lures. Moreover, these differences m ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.618

14. Influence of corn phenology on adult western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) distribution

Author:
Darnell, S.J.; Meinke, L.J.; Young, L.J.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 587-595
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; population dynamics; population density; spatial distribution; eclosion; Zea mays; phenology; planting date; regression analysis; Nebraska
Abstract:
... Field studies were designed to more clearly determine how adult western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, population distribution patterns are altered over time by changes and contrasts in corn (Zea mays L.) plant phenology using whole-plant beetle counts as the sampling tool. In 1994, studies were conducted in a model system consisting of a late-planted corn strip placed in t ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.587

15. Influences of host chemical and internal physiology on themutiple steps of postlanding host acceptance behavior of Ips pini (Cleoptera: Scolytidae)

Author:
Wallin, K.F.; Raffa, K.F.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 442-453
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
host seeking; host plants; semiochemicals; alpha-pinene; beta-pinene; limonene; lipids; water content; behavior; breeding sites
Abstract:
... A series of bioassays were performed to evaluate the effects of host tree monoterpenes on initial entry, within-tissue orientation, and gallery construction by the bark beetle Ips pini (Say). Monoterpenes at concentrations present in host trees affected all stages of postlanding host acceptance behavior. However, the effects of each monoterpene varied with the particular stage of the orientation s ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.442

16. Interference of Steinernema carpocapsae (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) with Cardiochiles diaphaniae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of melonworm and pickleworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Author:
Shannag, H.K.; Capinera, J.L.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 612-617
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Steinernema carpocapsae; entomopathogenic nematodes; parasitoids; Cardiochiles; parasitism; host-parasite relationships; age; eclosion; biological control agents; parasites
Abstract:
... Entomopathogenic nematodes are generally considered beneficial organisms. However, they can affect beneficial insects such as parasitoids. The infectivity of Steinernema carpocapsae (Mexican strain) to Cardiochiles diaphaniae Marsh, a solitary internal wasp parasitoid of melonworm, Diaphania hyalinata (L.), and pickleworm, D. nitidalis (Stoll), was determined under laboratory conditions. S. carpoc ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.612

17. Laboratory toxicity of three mosquito oviposition repellents to six nontarget aquatic invertebrates

Author:
Xue, R.D.; Barnard, D.R.; Ali, A.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 437
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Moina; Toxorhynchites amboinensis; Chironomus decorus; oviposition deterrents; deet; toxicity; mortality; Aedes albopictus; insect control; nontarget organisms; application rate; adverse effects; aquatic invertebrates
Abstract:
... Toxicity of three mosquito oviposition repellents, N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (AI3-22542 or deet), AI3-35765, and AI3-37220 to 6 aquatic nontarget invertebrates, was evaluated in the laboratory. The 24-h LC50 values for Cypricercus sp. (Ostracoda), Moina sp. (Cladocera), Eucyclops agilis Koch (Copepoda), Strelkovimermis spiculatus Poinar & Camino (Nematoda), first-and fourth-instar Toxorhynchit ...
Handle:
10113/36410
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.437

18. Maternal effects on gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) population dynamics: a field experiment

Author:
Erelli, M.C.; Elkinton, J.S.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 476-488
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Lymantria dispar; population dynamics; maternal effect; animal nutrition; mortality; biological development; fecundity; sex ratio; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... Previous studies have postulated that the quality of resources that female gypsy moths, Lymantria dispar (L), allocate to their eggs may affect the growth, development, and population dynamics of larvae in subsequent generations. To test this hypothesis, we collected eggs from food stressed and unstressed populations and measured critical life history parameters (e.g., dispersal, growth rate, mort ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.476

19. Narrow host range nucleopolyhedrovirus for control of the browntail moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

Author:
Cory, J.S.; Hirst, M.L.; Sterling, P.H.; Speight, M.R.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 661-667
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Euproctis chrysorrhoea; Nucleopolyhedrovirus; host range; nontarget organisms; Lepidoptera; viral insecticides; biological control agents; biological control; adverse effects; cross infection
Abstract:
... The browntail moth, Euproctis chrysorrhoea (L.), is periodically a major urban pest in the southern United Kingdom. High populations cause severe defoliation of a range of host plants, often in urban areas; and urticating hairs of larvae are highly irritating to humans. Control of outbreak populations is therefore desired. As an alternative to chemical insecticide sprays and labor intensive nest r ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.661

20. Overwintering mortality of Urophora affinis and U. quadrifasciata (Diptera: Tephritidae) on spotted knapweed: effects of larval competition versus exposure to subzero temperatures

Author:
Nowierski, R.M.; Fitzgerald, B.C.; McDermott, G.J.; Story, J.M.
Source:
Environmental entomology 2000 v.29 no.3 pp. 403-412
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Urophora affinis; larvae; Urophora quadrifasciata; overwintering; mortality; freezing; ambient temperature; cold tolerance; interspecific competition; intraspecific competition; population density; galls; Centaurea diffusa; biological control agents; biological control; weed control; Montana
Abstract:
... The overwintering survival of Urophora affinis Frauenfeld and U. quadrifasciata (Meigen) was examined in a 5-yr (1989-1993), multiple-site field study in western Montana. These two tephritid fly species are introduced biological control agents of spotted knapweed, Centaurea maculosa Lamarck, and diffuse knapweed, Centaurea diffusa Lamarck. Significant differences in overwintering mortality of U. a ...
DOI:
10.1603/0046-225X-29.3.403