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You searched for: Journal Environmental entomology Remove constraint Journal: Environmental entomology Publication Year 1996 Remove constraint Publication Year: 1996 Source 1996 v.25 no.6 Remove constraint Source: 1996 v.25 no.6
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1. Augmentation of the egg parasitoid Anaphes iole (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) for Lygus hesperus (Heteroptera: Miridae) management in strawberries

Author:
Norton, A.P.; Welter, S.C.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1406-1414
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Anaphes; Lygus hesperus; Fragaria ananassa; parasitoids; biological control; biological control agents; parasitism; crop damage; population density; temporal variation; parasites; California
Abstract:
... The impact of repeated releases of Anaphes iole (Girault) on the development of Lygus hesperus Knight populations and fruit damage in commercial strawberry fields was evaluated. Following the release of 37,000 parasitoids per hectare, 50% of L hesperus eggs were parasitized. Parasitism levels declined rapidly; after 96 h, parasitism levels had declined to an average of only 3.5% in these plots. A ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1406

2. Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) action thresholds and cotton photosynthesis

Author:
Yee, W.L.; Toscano, N.C.; Chu, C.C.; Henneberry, T.J.; Nichols, R.L.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1267-1273
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; Bemisia argentifolii; insecticides; chemical control; insect control; population density; photosynthesis; leaf conductance; stomata; stomatal conductance; economic threshold; California
Abstract:
... Action thresholds for whiteflies Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring on cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, are being developed to determine the whitefly densities at which cotton should be treated with insecticides to prevent lint yield losses. However, the effects action threshold treatments have on cotton photosynthesis have not been determined. Changes in the photosynthetic rate of cotton can be us ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1267

3. Classical biological control of Scapteriscus spp. (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae) in Florida

Author:
Parkman, J.P.; Frank, J.H.; Walker, T.J.; Schuster, D.J.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1415-1420
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Scapteriscus; Scapteriscus vicinus; Scapteriscus borellii; Steinernema; Tachinidae; biological control; biological control agents; entomopathogenic nematodes; parasitoids; parasitism; natural enemies; population density; parasites; Florida
Abstract:
... The effects of classical biological control on pest mole crickets, Scapteriscus spp., in Florida were examined. Incidence of infection of sound-trapped Scapteriscus spp. by the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema scapterisci Nguyen & Smart ranged from 0 to 45.3% for collections made near Gainesville and Bradenton during 1991, 1992, and 1994. Twelve of 49 mole cricket collections from 15 counties ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1415

4. Comparison of entomopathogenic nematode dispersal from infected hosts versus aqueous suspension

Author:
Shapiro, D.I.; Glazer, I.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1455-1461
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Steinernema carpocapsae; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora; entomopathogenic nematodes; application methods; soil treatment; hosts; suspensions; biological control agents
Abstract:
... Dispersal of the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (HP88 strain) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (All strain) was measured when nematodes were applied to sand either in Galleria Mellonella (L.) cadavers or in aqueous suspension. Dispersal ability was estimated as the percentage of nematodes that migrated through sand or from sand onto an agar surface. Results of ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1455

5. Disruption of pheromone communication through the use of puffers for control of beet armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in tomatoes

Author:
Shorey, H.H.; Gerber, R.G.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1401-1405
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Spodoptera exigua; Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum; mating disruption; sex pheromones; oviposition; dispensers; emissions; California
Abstract:
... Puffer machines were designed for the release at 30-min intervals of puffs of a 2-component pheromone blend of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner), from pressurized canisters. Pheromone components were (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate and (Z)-9-tetradecenol in a 9:1 ratio. The amount of communication disruption attributable to the resulting pheromone permeation of the air above puffer- ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1401

6. Effect of the red imported fire ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on dung-inhabiting arthropods in Florida

Author:
Hu, G.Y.; Frank, J.H.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1290-1296
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Solenopsis invicta; Haematobia irritans; dung beetles; predation; natural enemies; mortality; insect control; hydramethylnon; population ecology; population density; cattle manure; predators; adverse effects; Florida
Abstract:
... The effect of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, on the horn fly, Haematobia irritans L., and other arthropods associated with cowdung was evaluated in northcentral Florida pastures from August to November 1992 and 1993. Workers of S. invicta were found to infest fresh cowpats heavily and prey on horn fly larvae, pupae, and newly emerged adults. After the fire ant populations wer ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1290

7. Effects of short- and long-day photoperiods on growth and development of Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Author:
Fantinou, A.A.; Tsitsipis, J.A.; Karandinos, M.G.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1337-1343
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Sesamia nonagrioides; biological development; duration; photoperiod; diapause; larvae; pupae; mortality; body weight; pupation; width
Abstract:
... The effects of 2 photoperiods, a diapause-inducing (10:14 [L:D] h) and a nondiapause inducing one (16:8 [L:D] h) at 25 degrees C on the growth and development of larvae of the corn stalk borer, Sesamia nonagrioides, were investigated. Under a long-day photoperiod, larvae completed their development and pupated after 6 molts, whereas under a diapause-inducing short-day photoperiod, several addition ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1337

8. Egg distribution patterns of olive psyllid euphyllura phillyreae (Homoptera: Aphalaridae) on Phillyrea latifolia and Olea europaea in northern Greece

Author:
Prophetou-Athanasiadou, D.A.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1297-1303
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Euphyllura; Phillyrea latifolia; Olea europaea; ova; spatial distribution; buds; inflorescences; oviposition; temporal variation; Greece
Abstract:
... Egg distribution patterns of Euphyllura phillyreae Foerster among buds and inflorescences of olives and Phillyrea latifolia L. (Phillyrea media L.), a perennial, bushy, evergreen plant that blooms from March to May, were quantified in the field and in the laboratory. In the field, the 1st eggs on olive were observed in early April in 1989 and 1990 on developed buds. Eggs became abundant only when ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1297

9. Evaluation of Serangium parcesetosum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) as a biological control agent of the silverleaf whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)

Author:
Legaspi, J.C.; Legaspi, B.C. Jr.; Meagher, R.K. Jr.; Ciomperlik, M.A.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1421-1427
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Bemisia argentifolii; biological control agents; prediction; feeding preferences; predator-prey relationships; Helicoverpa zea; Manduca sexta; ova; longevity; mortality; ambient temperature; predators; host plants; plant pests
Abstract:
... The coccinellid predator from India, Serangium parcesetosum Sicard, was studied as a potential biological control agent of the silverleaf whitefly Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring [also known as the sweetpotato whitefly B. tabaci (Gennadius) Biotype B]. Studies were performed on prey preference, and effects of host plant on predation. and temperature on life-history and predation rates. In o ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1421

10. Evaluation of trapped beetle repellency, trap height, and string pheromone dispensers on Japanese beetle captures (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Author:
Alm, S.R.; Yeh, T.; Dawson, C.G.; Klein, M.G.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1274-1278
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Popillia japonica; pheromone traps; height; dispensers; Rhode Island
Abstract:
... Evaluation of trapped beetle repellency, various trap heights, and a string pheromone dispenser were tested on 2 golf courses for capture of Japanese beetle, Popillia Japonica Newman, adults. Beetle captures increased significantly when trapped beetles were removed daily from traps. No significant differences in captures were found among traps with 121-, 18.9-, or 7.6-liter collection containers, ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1274

11. Field assessment of Bacillus thuringiensis on nontarget lepidoptera

Author:
Wagner, D.L.; Peacock, J.W.; Carter, J.L.; Talley, S.E.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1444-1454
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Lepidoptera; Bacillus thuringiensis; bacterial insecticides; biological control agents; nontarget organisms; larvae; community ecology; species diversity; sampling; adverse effects; Virginia
Abstract:
... Nontarget effects of a single aerial application of Bacillus thuringiensis at 90 BIU/ha were studied on native Lepidoptera in west central Virginia in 1992 (treatment year) and in 1993 and 1994 (recovery years). Overall caterpillar abundance was lower on foliage collections from sprayed plots, but differences were modest and mostly not significant. Nineteen of 20 common species from foliage decrea ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1444

12. Glucosinolates and herbivory by specialists (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Lepidoptera: Plutellidae): consequences of concentration and induced resistance

Author:
Siemens, D.H.; Mitchell-Olds, T.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1344-1353
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Phyllotreta cruciferae; Plutella xylostella; Brassica rapa subsp. campestris; herbivores; glucosinolates; pest resistance; induced resistance; Leptosphaeria maculans; plant pathogenic fungi; mechanical damage; chemical constituents of plants
Abstract:
... Varied responses by specialist herbivores to glucosinolates could be a function of glucosinolate concentration or other correlated resistance factors. Herbivory by the specialist flea beetle Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), and diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) varied curvilinearly with natural levels of glucosinolates in Brassica rapa (syn. campestris) (L.) such that maximum herbivory occ ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1344

13. Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): larval location, mortality, and leaf area consumption of Bacillus thuringiensis-treated cotton

Author:
Jyoti, J.L. University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR.; Young, S.Y.; Johnson, D.T.; McNew, R.W.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1438-1443
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Helicoverpa zea; Gossypium hirsutum; Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki; larvae; spatial distribution; feeding behavior; leaves; leaf area; food intake; mortality; biological control agents; application rate
Abstract:
... A commercial formulation of Bacillis thuringiensis variety kurstaki Berliner (Javelin) was evaluated 2 days after application at 0.025, 0.1, and 0.5 kg/ha to cotton leaves and terminals for its effect on location, mortality, and leaf area consumption of exposed bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), larvae. On leaves held in paper cups the percentage of larvae in the control was typically higher on t ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1438

14. Intraplant and interplant movement of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) crawlers

Author:
Summers, C.G.; Newton, A.S. Jr.; Estrada, D.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1360-1364
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Bemisia argentifolii; larvae; Brassica oleracea var. botrytis; Sonchus oleraceus; Lactuca serriola; Malva parviflora; stems; leaves; food plants
Abstract:
... Whitefly crawlers are thought to move only a few millimeters after eclosing from the egg before settling to feed. In the field, however, we observed that crawlers of Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring appeared to move from senescent leaves on which they hatched to new leaves higher up on the plant. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine if crawlers were capable of moving upward to leav ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1360

15. Leaf temperature effects on Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) oviposition

Author:
Skinner, R.H.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1371-1375
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Bemisia argentifolii; Gossypium hirsutum; Cucumis sativus; leaves; temperature; oviposition; temperature profiles
Abstract:
... Little is known about high temperature thresholds for the whitefly Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring, which thrives during the hot summers common to the southwestern deserts of the United States. This study addressed 3 questions relating to B. argentifolii thermal responses. (1) What are the maximum, optimum, and minimum leaf temperatures for oviposition rate? (2) Is the optimum temperature f ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1371

16. Local dispersal of overwintered Colorado potato beetle (Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera) determined by mark and recapture

Author:
Follett, P.A.; Cantelo, W.W.; Roderick, G.K.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1304-1311
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Leptinotarsa decemlineata; overwintering; host seeking; Solanum tuberosum; crop rotation; mark-recapture studies; Maryland
Abstract:
... Three mark-recapture experiments were conducted to determine patterns of movement in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), over an agricultural landscape in Maryland. In the 1st experiment, beetles were released from a central point and recaptured 5-20 d afterward in potato trap fields extending outward in 4 compass directions to a maximum distance of 0.65 km. Approximately ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1304

17. Monitoring and predicting population growth of Rhysopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) over a range of environmental conditions

Author:
Hagstrum, D.W.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1354-1359
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
water content; Rhyzopertha dominica; winter wheat; population growth; equations; simulation models; temperature; population density; oviposition; biological development; duration; mortality; monitoring; prediction; storage pests
Abstract:
... Population growth of lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), in 135-kg lots of hard red winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L., was monitored at 3 grain moisture levels (approximately 10, 12, and 14%) at each of 3 temperatures (approximately 22, 27, and 32 degrees C). Over this range of environmental conditions, a published population growth model explained 64-96% of the variation in insect den ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1354

18. Natural history observations of Anolisomyia rufianalis (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) infesting Anolis lizards in a rain forest canopy

Author:
Dial, R.; Roughgarden, J.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1325-1328
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Anolis; Sarcophagidae; parasitoids; larvae; parasitism; rain forests; canopy; Puerto Rico
Abstract:
... We provide some natural history observations on larval biology and ecology of the sarcophagid fly Anolisomyia rufianalis Lopes from Puerto Rico. We found larvae lethally parasitize 2 syntopic species of Anolis lizards (Lacertillia: Polychridae) living in the canopy of a Puerto Rican rain forest. Of approximately 50 individuals of each lizard species sampled, we found 3 of the green, unspotted A. e ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1325

19. Nontarget insect attraction to methyl eugenol traps used in male annihilation of the Oriental fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) in riparian Hawaiian stream habitat

Author:
Kido, M.H.; Asquith, A.; Vargas, R.I.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1279-1289
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Bactrocera dorsalis; methyl eugenol; insect traps; insect control; nontarget organisms; aquatic insects; Psidium guajava; host plants; streams; habitats; adverse effects; Hawaii
Abstract:
... This study set out to identify insect species associated with the riparian habitat of Hawaiian streams that were susceptible to deployment of the plant kairomone, methyl eugenol, used in male annihilation of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). Sixteen nontarget insect species (13 Diptera and 3 Coleoptera) were found to be attracted to methyl eugenol traps deployed in riparian hab ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1279

20. Pyramiding CryIA(b) insecticidal protein and terpenoids in cotton to resist tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Author:
Sachs, E.S.; Benedict, J.H.; Taylor, J.F.; Stelly, D.M.; Davis, S.K.; Altman, D.W.
Source:
Environmental entomology 1996 v.25 no.6 pp. 1257-1266
ISSN:
0046-225X
Subject:
Gossypium hirsutum; Heliothis virescens; transgenic plants; genetic transformation; crystal proteins; endotoxins; genes; terpenoids; toxicity; larvae; mortality; crop damage; resistance management; pest resistance; insecticide resistance; chemical constituents of plants
Abstract:
... The development of insect resistance to CryIA insecticidal proteins expressed in transgenic cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L, is likely to occur quickly following commercialization, unless strategies are implemented to delay pest adaptation. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of pyramiding (i.e., combining 2 or more resistance traits in the same plant) the transgenic CryIA(b) insectici ...
DOI:
10.1093/ee/25.6.1257