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1. Tunable Manipulation of Mineral Carbonation Kinetics in Nanoscale Water Films via Citrate Additives

Author:
Miller, Quin R. S.; Schaef, Herbert T.; Kaszuba, John P.; Qiu, Lin; Bowden, Mark E.; McGrail, Bernard P.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7138-7148
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-ray diffraction; additives; adsorption; carbon dioxide; carbonation; citrates; environmental science; ligands; magnesite; magnesium; magnesium carbonate; mineralization; models
Abstract:
... We explored the influence of a model organic ligand on mineral carbonation in nanoscale interfacial water films by conducting five time-resolved in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments at 50 °C. Forsterite was exposed to water-saturated supercritical carbon dioxide (90 bar) that had been equilibrated with 0–0.5 m citrate (C₆H₅O₇–³) solutions. The experimental results demonstrated that greater ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00438

2. Environmental and Human Health Impacts of Spreading Oil and Gas Wastewater on Roads

Author:
Tasker, T. L.; Burgos, W. D.; Piotrowski, P.; Castillo-Meza, L.; Blewett, T. A.; Ganow, K. B.; Stallworth, A.; Delompré, P. L. M.; Goss, G. G.; Fowler, L. B.; Vanden Heuvel, J. P.; Dorman, F.; Warner, N. R.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7081-7091
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Daphnia magna; aquatic organisms; bioassays; carcinogens; drinking water; dust; human health; metabolism; oils; pollutants; radioactivity; radium; rain; roads; signal transduction; surface water; toxicity; wastewater; wastewater treatment; xenobiotics; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Thirteen states in the United States allow the spreading of O&G wastewaters on roads for deicing or dust suppression. In this study, the potential environmental and human health impacts of this practice are evaluated. Analyses of O&G wastewaters spread on roads in the northeastern, U.S. show that these wastewaters have salt, radioactivity, and organic contaminant concentrations often many times ab ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00716

3. Reduction of Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Fecal Indicators by Bardenpho Wastewater Treatment

Author:
Schmitz, Bradley W.; Moriyama, Hitoha; Haramoto, Eiji; Kitajima, Masaaki; Sherchan, Samendra; Gerba, Charles P.; Pepper, Ian L.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7015-7023
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Adenoviridae; Aichivirus A; Cryptosporidium; Cyclospora; Escherichia coli; Giardia; Pepper mild mottle virus; Polyomaviridae; activated sludge; coliphages; effluents; filters; fluorescence microscopy; polymerase chain reaction; sewage; tanks; wastewater; wastewater treatment; water reuse
Abstract:
... Increased demand for water reuse and reclamation accentuates the importance for optimal wastewater treatment to limit protozoa in effluents. Two wastewater treatment plants utilizing advanced Bardenpho were investigated over a 12-month period to determine the incidence and reduction of Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Cyclospora, and fecal indicators. Results were compared to facilities that previously o ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b05876

4. Regenerable Nickel-Functionalized Activated Carbon Cathodes Enhanced by Metal Adsorption to Improve Hydrogen Production in Microbial Electrolysis Cells

Author:
Kim, Kyoung-Yeol; Yang, Wulin; Logan, Bruce E.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7131-7137
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
activated carbon; adsorbents; adsorption; catalysts; catalytic activity; cathodes; electrolytes; environmental science; fluorides; foams; hydrogen production; microbial electrolysis cells; nickel; pH; platinum; surface area
Abstract:
... While nickel is a good alternative to platinum as a catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction, it is desirable to reduce the amount of nickel needed for cathodes in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). Activated carbon (AC) was investigated as a cathode base structure for Ni as it is inexpensive and an excellent adsorbent for Ni, and it has a high specific surface area. AC nickel-functionalized ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06005

5. Influence of Metal Contamination and Sediment Deposition on Benthic Invertebrate Colonization at the North Fork Clear Creek Superfund Site, Colorado, USA

Author:
Dabney, Brittanie L.; Clements, William H.; Williamson, Jacob L.; Ranville, James F.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7072-7080
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
United States Environmental Protection Agency; acid mine drainage; community structure; environmental monitoring; field experimentation; habitats; macroinvertebrates; sediment deposition; sediments; streams; water quality; Colorado
Abstract:
... Assessing benthic invertebrate community responses to multiple stressors is necessary to improve the success of restoration and biomonitoring projects. Results of mesocosm and field experiments were integrated to predict how benthic macroinvertebrate communities would recover following the removal of acid mine drainage from the North Fork of Clear Creek (NFCC), a U.S. EPA Superfund site in Colorad ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06556

6. Influence of Oxalate on Ni Fate during Fe(II)-Catalyzed Recrystallization of Hematite and Goethite

Author:
Flynn, Elaine D.; Catalano, Jeffrey G.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6920-6927
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
hematite; oxalates; aqueous solutions; nutrient availability; goethite; iron; environmental science; pH; nickel; crystallization
Abstract:
... During biogeochemical iron cycling at redox interfaces, dissolved Fe(II) induces the recrystallization of Fe(III) oxides. Oxalate and other organic acids promote dissolution of these minerals and may also induce recrystallization. These processes may redistribute trace metals among the mineral bulk, mineral surface, and aqueous solution. However, the impact of interactions among organic acids, dis ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00641

7. Brown Carbon Aerosol in Urban Xi’an, Northwest China: The Composition and Light Absorption Properties

Author:
Huang, Ru-Jin; Yang, Lu; Cao, Junji; Chen, Yang; Chen, Qi; Li, Yongjie; Duan, Jing; Zhu, Chongshu; Dai, Wenting; Wang, Kai; Lin, Chunshui; Ni, Haiyan; Corbin, Joel C.; Wu, Yunfei; Zhang, Renjian; Tie, Xuexi; Hoffmann, Thorsten; O’Dowd, Colin; Dusek, Uli
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6825-6833
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air quality; water solubility; radiative forcing; winter; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; absorption; chemical analysis; aerosols; organic carbon; photochemistry; troposphere; burning; summer; emissions; biomass; optical properties; climate; China
Abstract:
... Light-absorbing organic carbon (i.e., brown carbon or BrC) in the atmospheric aerosol has significant contribution to light absorption and radiative forcing. However, the link between BrC optical properties and chemical composition remains poorly constrained. In this study, we combine spectrophotometric measurements and chemical analyses of BrC samples collected from July 2008 to June 2009 in urba ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b02386

8. Mining the Chemical Information on Urban Wastewater: Monitoring Human Exposure to Phosphorus Flame Retardants and Plasticizers

Author:
Been, Frederic; Bastiaensen, Michiel; Lai, Foon Yin; Libousi, Katerina; Thomaidis, Nikolaos S.; Benaglia, Lisa; Esseiva, Pierre; Delémont, Olivier; van Nuijs, Alexander L. N.; Covaci, Adrian
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6996-7005
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Monte Carlo method; biomarkers; cities; environmental monitoring; excretion; flame retardants; humans; mining; phosphorus; plasticizers; temporal variation; wastewater; watersheds; Europe
Abstract:
... At the individual level, exposure to contaminants is generally assessed through the analysis of specific biomarkers in biological matrices. However, these studies are costly and logistically demanding, limiting their applicability to monitor population-wide exposure over time and space. By focusing on a selection of exposure biomarkers to phosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers (PFRs), this s ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01279

9. Self-Assembled Nano-FeO(OH)/Reduced Graphene Oxide Aerogel as a Reusable Catalyst for Photo-Fenton Degradation of Phenolic Organics

Author:
Liu, Renlan; Xu, Yiming; Chen, Baoliang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7043-7053
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
4-chlorophenol; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; active ingredients; active sites; aerogels; bisphenol A; catalysts; catalytic activity; electron transfer; ferric hydroxide; ferrihydrite; graphene; graphene oxide; hydrogen peroxide; hydroxyl radicals; iron; iron oxyhydroxides; irradiation; leaching; mineralization; pH; particle size; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... Fabrication of visible-light-responsive, macroscopic photo-Fenton catalysts is crucial for wastewater treatment. Here, we report a facile fabrication method for nano-FeO(OH)/reduced graphene oxide aerogels (FeO(OH)-rGA) equipped with a stable macrostructure and a high efficiency for catalytic degradation of phenolic organics. The structure of FeO(OH)/rGA was characterized by SEM, TEM, XPS, Raman a ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01043

10. Metabolomics Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms of Copper Induced Cucumber Leaf (Cucumis sativus) Senescence

Author:
Zhao, Lijuan; Huang, Yuxiong; Paglia, Kelly; Vaniya, Arpana; Wancewicz, Benjamin; Keller, Arturo A.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7092-7100
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Cucumis sativus; antioxidants; biosynthesis; chlorophyll; copper; copper sulfate; cucumbers; environmental science; flavonoids; leaves; metabolomics; phenotype; photosynthesis; plant response; polyphenols; secondary metabolites; toxicity; tricarboxylic acid cycle
Abstract:
... Excess copper may disturb plant photosynthesis and induce leaf senescence. The underlying toxicity mechanism is not well understood. Here, 3-week-old cucumber plants were foliar exposed to different copper concentrations (10, 100, and 500 mg/L) for a final dose of 0.21, 2.1, and 10 mg/plant, using CuSO₄ as the Cu ion source for 7 days, three times per day. Metabolomics quantified 149 primary and 7 ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00742

11. Photochemical Formation and Transformation of Birnessite: Effects of Cations on Micromorphology and Crystal Structure

Author:
Zhang, Tengfei; Liu, Lihu; Tan, Wenfeng; Suib, Steven L.; Qiu, Guohong; Liu, Fan
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6864-6871
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; birnessite; cations; crystal structure; magnesium; manganese; manganese oxides; microstructure; nitrates; nutrients; oxidation; pH; particle size; photocatalysis; photolysis; photosynthesis; pollutants; potassium; sediments; sodium; soil; solar radiation; superoxide anion; transportation; ultraviolet radiation
Abstract:
... As important components with excellent oxidation and adsorption activity in soils and sediments, manganese oxides affect the transportation and fate of nutrients and pollutants in natural environments. In this work, birnessite was formed by photocatalytic oxidation of Mn²⁺ₐq in the presence of nitrate under solar irradiation. The effects of concentrations and species of interlayer cations (Na⁺, Mg ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06592

12. Spatial and Temporal Variability in Emissions of Fluorinated Gases from a California Landfill

Author:
Yeşiller, Nazlı; Hanson, James L.; Sohn, Alexander H.; Bogner, Jean E.; Blake, Donald R.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6789-6797
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
chlorofluorocarbons; dry season; emissions; gases; landfills; methane; methane production; seasonal variation; soil; temperature; wastes; California
Abstract:
... Emissions of twelve (hydro)chlorofluorocarbons (F-gases) and methane were quantified using large-scale static chambers as a function of cover type (daily, intermediate, final) and seasonal variation (wet, dry) at a California landfill. The majority of the F-gas fluxes was positive and varied over 7 orders of magnitude across the cover types in a given season (wet: 10–⁸ to 10–¹ g/m²-day; dry: 10–⁹ ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00845

13. Environmentally Relevant Freeze–Thaw Cycles Enhance the Redox-Mediated Morphological Changes of Silver Nanoparticles

Author:
Guo, Xiaoru; Yin, Yongguang; Tan, Zhiqiang; Liu, Jingfu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6928-6935
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aquatic environment; bioavailability; calcium; chlorides; environmental assessment; environmental factors; environmental fate; freeze-thaw cycles; freezing; isotopes; nanosilver; organic matter; physicochemical properties; redox reactions; risk assessment; silver; temperature; toxicity; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy
Abstract:
... Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are inevitably released into natural systems, particularly into aquatic environments, where they are oxidized and release Ag⁺, which is reduced back to AgNPs. Environmental freeze–thaw cycles or freezing may accelerate the dynamic transformation between AgNPs and Ag⁺. Herein, the significant morphological changes caused by freezing treatments were assessed by UV–vis sp ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00694

14. Environmental Risks of Medium-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins (MCCPs): A Review

Author:
Glüge, Juliane; Schinkel, Lena; Hungerbühler, Konrad; Cariou, Ronan; Bogdal, Christian
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6743-6760
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
alkanes; aquatic environment; bioaccumulation; environmental science; humans; risk; sediments; soil; toxicity; China
Abstract:
... Chlorinated paraffins are industrial chemicals that can be subdivided into short-chain (SCCP), medium-chain (MCCP), and long-chain (LCCP) chlorinated paraffins. The global production volumes of MCCPs are nowadays suspected to be much higher than those of S- and LCCPs, and the few available studies on the environmental occurrence of chlorinated paraffins report often higher MCCP concentrations than ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06459

15. Identifying the Nonradical Mechanism in the Peroxymonosulfate Activation Process: Singlet Oxygenation Versus Mediated Electron Transfer

Author:
Yun, Eun-Tae; Lee, Jeong Hoon; Kim, Jaesung; Park, Hee-Deung; Lee, Jaesang
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7032-7042
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
azides; carbon nanotubes; deuterium oxide; electron transfer; environmental science; free radicals; furfuryl alcohol; histidine; oxidation; pH; singlet oxygen; solvents; sulfates
Abstract:
... Select persulfate activation processes were demonstrated to initiate oxidation not reliant on sulfate radicals, although the underlying mechanism has yet to be identified. This study explored singlet oxygenation and mediated electron transfer as plausible nonradical mechanisms for organic degradation by carbon nanotube (CNT)-activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The degradation of furfuryl alcohol (F ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00959

16. Oxidation of Microcystins by Permanganate: pH and Temperature-Dependent Kinetics, Effect of DOM Characteristics, and Oxidation Mechanism Revisited

Author:
Kim, Min Sik; Lee, Hye-Jin; Lee, Ki-Myeong; Seo, Jiwon; Lee, Changha
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7054-7063
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
activation energy; dissolved organic matter; environmental science; fluorescence emission spectroscopy; kinetics; liquid chromatography; manganese; mass spectrometry; microcystins; oxidation; pH; potassium permanganate; reaction kinetics
Abstract:
... Oxidative degradation of six representative microcystins (MCs) (MC-RR, -LR, -YR, -LF, -LW, and -LA) by potassium permanganate (KMnO₄; Mn(VII)) was investigated, focusing on the temperature- and pH-dependent reaction kinetics, the effect of dissolved organic matter (DOM), and the oxidation mechanisms. Second-order rate constants for the reactions of the six MCs with Mn(VII) (kMₙ₍VII₎,MC) were deter ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01447

17. Big Groundwater Data Sets Reveal Possible Rare Contamination Amid Otherwise Improved Water Quality for Some Analytes in a Region of Marcellus Shale Development

Author:
Wen, Tao; Niu, Xianzeng; Gonzales, Matthew; Zheng, Guanjie; Li, Zhenhui; Brantley, Susan L.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7149-7159
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Clean Air Act; acid deposition; arsenic; barium; data collection; groundwater; iron; lead; manganese; methane; oil fields; pH; rural areas; shale; shale gas; sodium; steel; sulfates; valleys; water quality; wells; United States
Abstract:
... Eleven thousand groundwater samples collected in the 2010s in an area of Marcellus shale-gas development are analyzed to assess spatial and temporal patterns of water quality. Using a new data mining technique, we confirm previous observations that methane concentrations in groundwater tend to be naturally elevated in valleys and near faults, but we also show that methane is also more concentrated ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01123

18. Bromate and Nitrate Bioreduction Coupled with Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate Production in a Methane-Based Membrane Biofilm Reactor

Author:
Lai, Chun-Yu; Lv, Pan-Long; Dong, Qiu-Yi; Yeo, Shi Lei; Rittmann, Bruce E.; Zhao, He-Ping
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7024-7031
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Comamonadaceae; Meiothermus; Methylocystis; Methylomonas; biofilm; bromates; denitrification; denitrifying bacteria; environmental science; genes; metagenomics; methane; methanotrophs; nitrate reductase; nitrates; nitric oxide reductase (cytochrome c); nitrite reductase; nitrous-oxide reductase; oxidation; poly-3-hydroxybutyrate; prediction; quantitative polymerase chain reaction
Abstract:
... This work demonstrates bromate (BrO₃–) reduction in a methane (CH₄)-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR), and it documents contrasting impacts of nitrate (NO₃–) on BrO₃– reduction, as well as formation of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), an internal C- and electron-storage material. When the electron donor, CH₄, was in ample supply, NO₃– enhanced BrO₃– reduction by stimulating the growth of denitrif ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00152

19. Impact of Water-Induced Soil Erosion on the Terrestrial Transport and Atmospheric Emission of Mercury in China

Author:
Liu, Maodian; Zhang, Qianru; Luo, Yao; Mason, Robert P.; Ge, Shidong; He, Yipeng; Yu, Chenghao; Sa, Rina; Cao, Hanlin; Wang, Xuejun; Chen, Long
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6945-6956
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air temperature; emissions; humans; issues and policy; land use change; mercury; soil; streams; terrestrial ecosystems; vegetation cover; water erosion; China
Abstract:
... Terrestrial mercury (Hg) transport, induced by water erosion and exacerbated by human activities, constitutes a major disturbance of the natural Hg cycle, but the processes are still not well understood. In this study, we modeled these processes using detailed information on erosion and Hg in soils and found that vast quantities of total Hg (THg) are being removed from land surfaces in China as a ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01319

20. Light Absorption Enhancement of Black Carbon Aerosol Constrained by Particle Morphology

Author:
Wu, Yu; Cheng, Tianhai; Liu, Dantong; Allan, James D.; Zheng, Lijuan; Chen, Hao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6912-6919
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
absorption; aerosols; carbon; climate; climate change; climate models; environmental science; radiative forcing; theoretical models; uncertainty
Abstract:
... The radiative forcing of black carbon aerosol (BC) is one of the largest sources of uncertainty in climate change assessments. Contrasting results of BC absorption enhancement (Eₐbₛ) after aging are estimated by field measurements and modeling studies, causing ambiguous parametrizations of BC solar absorption in climate models. Here we quantify Eₐbₛ using a theoretical model parametrized by the co ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00636

21. Pharmacokinetics in Plants: Carbamazepine and Its Interactions with Lamotrigine

Author:
Goldstein, Myah; Malchi, Tomer; Shenker, Moshe; Chefetz, Benny
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6957-6964
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; anticonvulsants; crops; cucumbers; hydroponics; ions; leaves; metabolites; nutrient solutions; pH; pharmacokinetics; roots; shoots; wastewater
Abstract:
... Carbamazepine and lamotrigine prescribed antiepileptic drugs are highly persistent in the environment and were detected in crops irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. This study reports pharmacokinetics of the two drugs and their metabolites in cucumber plants under hydroponic culture, testing their uptake, translocation, and transformation over 96 h in single and bisolute systems at varying pH. Ru ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01682

22. Size-Resolved Endotoxin and Oxidative Potential of Ambient Particles in Beijing and Zürich

Author:
Yue, Yang; Chen, Haoxuan; Setyan, Ari; Elser, Miriam; Dietrich, Maria; Li, Jing; Zhang, Ting; Zhang, Xiangyu; Zheng, Yunhao; Wang, Jing; Yao, Maosheng
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6816-6824
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
arsenic; cadmium; economic costs; endotoxins; health promotion; lead; particulates; pollution; China; Switzerland
Abstract:
... PM₂.₅ pollution has become a global health concern, however its size-resolved health impact remains to be poorly elucidated. Here, ambient particulate matter (PM) were collected into 13 different size ranges (10 nm to 18 μm) and the mass, metal, endotoxin distributions, and related oxidative potential were investigated in two regions (Zürich, Switzerland and Beijing, China). Results showed that t ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01167

23. Combining High-Throughput Sequencing of sedaDNA and Traditional Paleolimnological Techniques To Infer Historical Trends in Cyanobacterial Communities

Author:
Tse, Timothy J.; Doig, Lorne E.; Tang, Song; Zhang, Xiaohui; Sun, Weimin; Wiseman, Steve B.; Feng, Cindy Xin; Liu, Hongling; Giesy, John P.; Hecker, Markus; Jones, Paul D.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6842-6853
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Bacillariophyceae; DNA; anthropogenic activities; climate change; community structure; correlation; environmental quality; genes; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; lakes; microbial communities; microcystins; monitoring; nutrients; paleoecology; pigments; ribosomal RNA; sediments; sterols; toxicity; Great Plains region
Abstract:
... Freshwaters worldwide are under increasing pressure from anthropogenic activities and changing climate. Unfortunately, many inland waters lack sufficient long-term monitoring to assess environmental trends. Analysis of sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) is emerging as a means to reconstruct the past occurrence of microbial communities of inland waters. The purpose of this study was to assess a comb ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06386

24. Discrete Organic Phosphorus Signatures are Evident in Pollutant Sources within a Lake Erie Tributary

Author:
Brooker, M. R.; Longnecker, K.; Kujawinski, E. B.; Evert, M. H.; Mouser, P. J.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6771-6779
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
algal blooms; dissolved organic matter; lipids; mass spectrometry; nitrogen; organophosphorus compounds; phosphorus; pollutants; pollution load; rivers; wastewater treatment; watersheds; Canada; Lake Erie; United States
Abstract:
... Phosphorus loads are strongly associated with the severity of harmful algal blooms in Lake Erie, a Great Lake situated between the United States and Canada. Inorganic and total phosphorus measurements have historically been used to estimate nonpoint and point source contributions, from contributing watersheds with organic phosphorus often neglected. Here, we used ultrahigh resolution mass spectrom ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b05703

25. Magnetite Triggering Enhanced Direct Interspecies Electron Transfer: A Scavenger for the Blockage of Electron Transfer in Anaerobic Digestion of High-Solids Sewage Sludge

Author:
Wang, Tao; Zhang, Dong; Dai, Lingling; Dong, Bin; Dai, Xiaohu
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7160-7169
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acetates; ammonia; anaerobic digestion; cytochromes; electron transfer; energy; enzymes; fimbriae; hydrogen; magnetite; methane production; methanogens; sewage sludge; short chain fatty acids; stable isotopes; transcriptomics
Abstract:
... At present, high-solids anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge has drawn great attention due to the superiority of its small land area footprint and low energy consumption. However, a high organic loading rate may cause acids accumulation and ammonia inhibition, thus leading to an inhibited pseudo-steady state in which electron transfer through interspecies hydrogen transfer (IHT) between acetogens ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00891

26. New Insight into SO2 Poisoning and Regeneration of CeO2–WO3/TiO2 and V2O5–WO3/TiO2 Catalysts for Low-Temperature NH3–SCR

Author:
Xu, Liwen; Wang, Chizhong; Chang, Huazhen; Wu, Qingru; Zhang, Tao; Li, Junhua
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7064-7071
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adsorption; ammonia; catalysts; cerium; environmental science; industrial applications; nitrogen oxides; oxygen; poisoning; steam; sulfates; sulfur dioxide; surface area
Abstract:
... In this study, the poisoning effects of SO₂ on the V₂O₅–WO₃/TiO₂ (1%VWTi) and CeO₂–WO₃/TiO₂ (5%CeWTi) selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts were investigated in the presence of steam, and also the regeneration of deactivated catalysts was studied. After pretreating the catalysts in a flow of NH₃ + SO₂ + H₂O + O₂ at 200 °C for 24 h, it was observed that the low-temperature SCR (LT-SCR) acti ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01990

27. Reduced Zebrafish Transcriptome Atlas toward Understanding Environmental Neurotoxicants

Author:
Zhang, Kun; Zhao, Yanbin
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7120-7130
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Danio rerio; adverse effects; bisphenol A; cost effectiveness; data collection; environmental science; gene expression; genes; genistein; heavy metals; microcystin-LR; monitoring; neurogenesis; neurons; neurotoxicity; neurotoxins; prioritization; silver nitrate; transcriptome; transcriptomics; valproic acid; xenoestrogens
Abstract:
... Transcriptomic approaches monitoring gene responses at genome-scale are increasingly used in toxicological research and help to clarify the molecular mechanisms of adverse effects caused by environmental toxicants. However, their applications for chemical assessment are hampered due to high expenses required and more importantly the lack of in-depth data mining and mechanistic perspectives. Here, ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01350

28. Role of Marine Snows in Microplastic Fate and Bioavailability

Author:
Porter, Adam; Lyons, Brett P.; Galloway, Tamara S.; Lewis, Ceri
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7111-7119
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
benthic organisms; bioavailability; fossils; marine sediments; mussels; oceans; plastics; pollution; polyamides; surface water
Abstract:
... Microplastics contaminate global oceans and are accumulating in sediments at levels thought sufficient to leave a permanent layer in the fossil record. Despite this, the processes that vertically transport buoyant polymers from surface waters to the benthos are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that laboratory generated marine snows can transport microplastics of different shapes, sizes, and ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01000

29. Suspect Screening and Regulatory Databases: A Powerful Combination To Identify Emerging Micropollutants

Author:
Gago-Ferrero, Pablo; Krettek, Agnes; Fischer, Stellan; Wiberg, Karin; Ahrens, Lutz
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6881-6894
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aquatic environment; databases; environmental exposure; liquid chromatography; markets; mass spectrometry; pollutants; prioritization; reference standards; screening; toxic substances; wastewater treatment; Sweden
Abstract:
... This study demonstrates that regulatory databases combined with the latest advances in high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) can be efficiently used to prioritize and identify new, potentially hazardous pollutants being discharged into the aquatic environment. Of the approximately 23000 chemicals registered in the database of the National Swedish Product Register, 160 potential organic micropol ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06598

30. From Water-Use to Water-Scarcity Footprinting in Environmentally Extended Input–Output Analysis

Author:
Ridoutt, Bradley G.; Hadjikakou, Michalis; Nolan, Martin; Bryan, Brett A.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6761-6770
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
agricultural products; emissions; environmental policy; environmental science; input output analysis; models; politics; public services and goods; water shortages; Australia
Abstract:
... Environmentally extended input–output analysis (EEIOA) supports environmental policy by quantifying how demand for goods and services leads to resource use and emissions across the economy. However, some types of resource use and emissions require spatially explicit impact assessment for meaningful interpretation, which is not possible in conventional EEIOA. For example, water use in locations of ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00416

31. Reactive Uptake of Glyoxal by Ammonium-Containing Salt Particles as a Function of Relative Humidity

Author:
Gen, Masao; Huang, Dan Dan; Chan, Chak K.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6903-6911
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aerosols; ammonia; ammonium; ammonium nitrate; ammonium sulfate; color; environmental science; liquids; magnesium sulfate; relative humidity; sodium nitrate; sodium sulfate
Abstract:
... Reactions between dissolved ammonia and carbonyls, which form light-absorbing species in atmospheric particles, can be accelerated by actively removing water from the reaction system. Here, we examine the effects of relative humidity (RH) on the reactive uptake of glyoxal (Gly) by aqueous particles of ammonium sulfate (AS), ammonium bisulfate, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium nitrate (A ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00606

32. Reduced Ultrafine Particle Concentration in Urban Air: Changes in Nucleation and Anthropogenic Emissions

Author:
Saha, Provat K.; Robinson, Ellis S.; Shah, Rishabh U.; Zimmerman, Naomi; Apte, Joshua S.; Robinson, Allen L.; Presto, Albert A.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6798-6806
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
air; emissions; particle size distribution; pollutants; sulfur dioxide; traffic; urban areas; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Nucleation is an important source of ambient ultrafine particles (UFP). We present observational evidence of the changes in the frequency and intensity of nucleation events in urban air by analyzing long-term particle size distribution measurements at an urban background site in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania during 2001–2002 and 2016–2017. We find that both frequency and intensity of nucleation events ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00910

33. Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Ambient Air at an Urban Site in Beijing: Effects of OH Exposure and Precursor Concentrations

Author:
Liu, Jun; Chu, Biwu; Chen, Tianzeng; Liu, Changgeng; Wang, Ling; Bao, Xiaolei; He, Hong
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6834-6841
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aerosols; air; developed countries; environmental factors; environmental science; exposure duration; free radicals; hydroxyl radicals; oxidation; particulates; volatile organic compounds; China
Abstract:
... Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is an important component of atmospheric fine particles (PM₂.₅), while the key factors controlling SOA formation in ambient air remain poorly understood. In this work, the SOA formation in Beijing urban ambient air was investigated using an oxidation flow reactor (OFR) with high concentrations of OH radicals. The SOA formation potential increased significantly with ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b05701

34. Spatial Variability of Sources and Mixing State of Atmospheric Particles in a Metropolitan Area

Author:
Ye, Qing; Gu, Peishi; Li, Hugh Z.; Robinson, Ellis S.; Lipsky, Eric; Kaltsonoudis, Christos; Lee, Alex K.Y.; Apte, Joshua S.; Robinson, Allen L.; Sullivan, Ryan C.; Presto, Albert A.; Donahue, Neil M.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6807-6815
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
aerosols; atmospheric chemistry; cooking; emissions; environmental science; mass spectrometry; metropolitan areas; mixing; monitoring; particulates; restaurants; spatial variation; spectrometers; traffic; Pennsylvania
Abstract:
... Characterizing intracity variations of atmospheric particulate matter has mostly relied on fixed-site monitoring and quantifying variability in terms of different bulk aerosol species. In this study, we performed ground-based mobile measurements using a single-particle mass spectrometer to study spatial patterns of source-specific particles and the evolution of particle mixing state in 21 areas in ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01011

35. Atmospheric CO2 Enrichment and Reactive Nitrogen Inputs Interactively Stimulate Soil Cation Losses and Acidification

Author:
Zhang, Li; Qiu, Yunpeng; Cheng, Lei; Wang, Yi; Liu, Lingli; Tu, Cong; Bowman, Dan C.; Burkey, Kent O.; Bian, Xinmin; Zhang, Weijian; Hu, Shuijin
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6895-6902
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
acidification; agricultural soils; agroecosystems; ammonium nitrogen; calcium; carbon dioxide; carbon dioxide enrichment; cations; climate change; cropland; leachates; magnesium; nitrogen; nutrient availability; nutrients; organic matter; plant growth; plant response; soil acidification; soil pH; soil solution
Abstract:
... Reactive N inputs (Nr) may alleviate N-limitation of plant growth and are assumed to help sustain plant responses to the rising atmospheric CO₂ (eCO₂). However, Nr and eCO₂ may elicit a cascade reaction that alters soil chemistry and nutrient availability, shifting the limiting factors of plant growth, particularly in acidic tropical and subtropical croplands with low organic matter and low nutrie ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00495

36. Capture–Ferment–Upgrade: A Three-Step Approach for the Valorization of Sewage Organics as Commodities

Author:
Alloul, Abbas; Ganigué, Ramon; Spiller, Marc; Meerburg, Francis; Cagnetta, Cristina; Rabaey, Korneel; Vlaeminck, Siegfried E.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6729-6742
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
European Union; Monte Carlo method; bioplastics; biorefining; chemical oxygen demand; esters; feedstocks; fermentation; fish meal; hydrolysis; issues and policy; polyhydroxyalkanoates; sewage; sludge; volatile fatty acids
Abstract:
... This critical review outlines a roadmap for the conversion of chemical oxygen demand (COD) contained in sewage to commodities based on three-steps: capture COD as sludge, ferment it to volatile fatty acids (VFA), and upgrade VFA to products. The article analyzes the state-of-the-art of this three-step approach and discusses the bottlenecks and challenges. The potential of this approach is illustra ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b05712

37. Revisiting the Contributions of Far- and Near-Field Routes to Aggregate Human Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

Author:
Li, Li; Arnot, Jon A.; Wania, Frank
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6974-6984
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
adolescents; aggregate exposure; aquatic environment; bioaccumulation; breast milk; breathing; children; environmental fate; females; food chain; humans; ingestion; material flow analysis; mechanistic models; polychlorinated biphenyls
Abstract:
... The general population is exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by consuming food from far-field contaminated agricultural and aquatic environments, and inhalation and nondietary ingestion in near-field indoor or residential environments. Here, we seek to evaluate the relative importance of far- and near-field routes by simulating the time-variant aggregate exposure of Swedish females to PCB ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00151

38. Spatial Associations and Chemical Composition of Organic Carbon Sequestered in Fe, Ca, and Organic Carbon Ternary Systems

Author:
Sowers, Tyler D.; Adhikari, Dinesh; Wang, Jian; Yang, Yu; Sparks, Donald L.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6936-6944
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
microscopy; moieties; iron oxides; absorption; calcium; iron; organic carbon; soil; climate change; carbon sequestration; environmental science; citric acid; ferrihydrite; spectroscopy; leaves; X-radiation
Abstract:
... Organo-mineral associations of organic carbon (OC) with iron (Fe) oxides play a major role in environmental OC sequestration, a process crucial to mitigating climate change. Calcium has been found to have high coassociation with OC in soils containing high Fe content, increase OC sorption extent to poorly crystalline Fe oxides, and has long been suspected to form bridging complexes with Fe and OC. ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b01158

39. Molecular Mechanism of Modified Clay Controlling the Brown Tide Organism Aureococcus anophagefferens Revealed by Transcriptome Analysis

Author:
Zhu, Jianan; Yu, Zhiming; He, Liyan; Cao, Xihua; Liu, Shuya; Song, Xiuxian
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7006-7014
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
algae; algal blooms; cell division; cell proliferation; clay; cytoskeleton; flocculation; gene expression regulation; genes; light harvesting complex; photosynthesis; transcriptomics
Abstract:
... The data and experiences in mitigating harmful algal blooms (HABs) by modified clay (MC) show that a bloom does not continue after the dispersal of the MC, even though the density of the residual cells in the water is still high, at 20–30% of the initial cell density. This interesting phenomenon indicates that in addition to flocculation, MC has an additional control mechanism. Here, transcriptome ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b05172

40. Combining Measurements from Mobile Monitoring and a Reference Site To Develop Models of Ambient Ultrafine Particle Number Concentration at Residences

Author:
Simon, Matthew C.; Patton, Allison P.; Naumova, Elena N.; Levy, Jonathan I.; Kumar, Prashant; Brugge, Doug; Durant, John L.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6985-6995
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
environmental science; epidemiological studies; land use; models; monitoring; regression analysis; temporal variation; Massachusetts
Abstract:
... Significant spatial and temporal variation in ultrafine particle (UFP; <100 nm in diameter) concentrations creates challenges in developing predictive models for epidemiological investigations. We compared the performance of land-use regression models built by combining mobile and stationary measurements (hybrid model) with a regression model built using mobile measurements only (mobile model) in ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00292

41. Perfluoroalkyl Acids (PFAAs) in Serum from 2–4-Month-Old Infants: Influence of Maternal Serum Concentration, Gestational Age, Breast-Feeding, and Contaminated Drinking Water

Author:
Gyllenhammar, Irina; Benskin, Jonathan P.; Sandblom, Oskar; Berger, Urs; Ahrens, Lutz; Lignell, Sanna; Wiberg, Karin; Glynn, Anders
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 7101-7110
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
blood serum; breast feeding; carbon; drinking water; environmental science; gestational age; indirect contact; infants; isomers; linear models; perfluorohexane sulfonic acid; perfluorononanoic acid; perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; perfluorooctanoic acid; regression analysis
Abstract:
... Little is known about factors influencing infant perfluorinated alkyl acid (PFAA) concentrations. Associations between serum PFAA concentrations in 2–4-month-old infants (n = 101) and determinants were investigated by multiple linear regression and general linear model analysis. In exclusively breast-fed infants, maternal serum PFAA concentrations 3 weeks after delivery explained 13% (perfluoround ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00770

42. Altered Microbiome Leads to Significant Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Differences in a Lipid Accumulating Chlorophyte

Author:
Richter, Lubna V.; Mansfeldt, Cresten B.; Kuan, Michael M.; Cesare, Alexandra E.; Menefee, Stephen T.; Richardson, Ruth E.; Ahner, Beth A.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6854-6863
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Chlorella; Rhodobacter; Ruegeria; biodiesel; bioreactors; carbon cycle; environmental science; feedstocks; gene expression; genes; genetic variation; microalgae; microbial communities; microbiome; nitrogen; oxidative stress; phenotype; photosynthesis; ribosomal RNA; transcriptomics; triacylglycerols
Abstract:
... Given the challenges facing the economically favorable production of products from microalgae, understanding factors that might impact productivity rates including growth rates and accumulation of desired products, for example, triacylglycerols (TAG) for biodiesel feedstock, remains critical. Although operational parameters such as media composition and reactor design can clearly effect growth rat ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.7b06581

43. Lead Speciation and Association with Organic Matter in Various Particle-Size Fractions of Contaminated Soils

Author:
Landrot, Gautier; Khaokaew, Saengdao
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6780-6788
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
X-radiation; absorption; cerussite; goethite; lead; organic matter; particle size; polluted soils; remediation; soil sampling; spectroscopy; villages; Thailand
Abstract:
... Lead (Pb) stabilization in polluted soils treated by a Pb immobilization technique may be dependent on the speciation of Pb present in specific particle-size fractions of the soil. However, the scale-dependency of Pb speciation in contaminated soils is still not clearly understood. In this study, the natures and amounts of Pb chemical forms were determined in five Pb-polluted soil samples from Kli ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00004

44. Improving Photocatalytic Water Treatment through Nanocrystal Engineering: Mesoporous Nanosheet-Assembled 3D BiOCl Hierarchical Nanostructures That Induce Unprecedented Large Vacancies

Author:
Guo, Sheng-qi; Zhu, Xiao-he; Zhang, Hai-jun; Gu, Bing-chuan; Chen, Wei; Liu, Lu; Alvarez, Pedro J. J.
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6872-6880
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
bisphenol A; density functional theory; disinfection; electrons; energy; environmental science; mineralization; nanocrystals; nanosheets; nitrates; photocatalysis; photocatalysts; porous media; semiconductors; thermodynamics; water purification
Abstract:
... Vacancy control can significantly enhance the performance of photocatalytic semiconductors for water purification. However, little is known about the mechanisms and approaches that could generate stable large vacancies. Here, we report a new mechanism to induce vacancy formation on nanocrystals for enhanced photocatalytic activity: the introduction of mesopores. We synthesized two nanosheet-assemb ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00352

45. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Accumulation in Farmed Salmon Evaluated Using a Dynamic Sea-Cage Production Model

Author:
Ng, Carla A.; Ritscher, Amélie; Hungerbuehler, Konrad; von Goetz, Natalie
Source:
Environmental science & technology 2018 v.52 no.12 pp. 6965-6973
ISSN:
1520-5851
Subject:
Salmo salar; animal growth; animal-based foods; chemical concentration; dynamic models; farmed fish; feed composition; feed contamination; fish feeds; fish fillets; fish production; hepatocytes; humans; ingredients; metabolism; pollution; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; prediction; provenance; salmon; toxic substances
Abstract:
... Food is an important source of human exposure to hazardous chemicals. Chemical concentration in a food item depends on local environmental contamination, production conditions, and, for animal-derived foods, on feed. Here, we investigate these influences on the accumulation of individual polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners (PBDEs) in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). We develop a dynamic m ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.est.8b00146